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Displaying publications 21 - 29 of 29 in total

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Concurrent dinoprostone and oxytocin for labor induction in term premature rupture of membranes: a randomized controlled trial

Tan PC, Daud SA, Omar SZ

Obstet Gynecol, 2009 May;113(5):1059-1065.
PMID: 19384121 DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181a1f605

OBJECTIVE: : To estimate the effect of concurrent vaginal dinoprostone and oxytocin infusion against oxytocin infusion for labor induction in premature rupture of membranes (PROM) on vaginal delivery within 12 hours and patient satisfaction.
METHODS: : Nulliparas with uncomplicated PROM at term, a Bishop score less than or equal to 6, and who required labor induction were recruited for a double-blind randomized trial. Participants were randomly assigned to 3-mg dinoprostone pessary and oxytocin infusion or placebo and oxytocin infusion. A cardiotocogram was performed before induction and maintained to delivery. Dinoprostone pessary or placebo was placed in the posterior vaginal fornix. Oxytocin intravenous infusion was commenced at 2 milliunits/min and doubled every 30 minutes to a maximum of 32 milliunits/min. Oxytocin infusion rate was titrated to achieve four contractions every 10 minutes. Primary outcomes were vaginal delivery within 12 hours and maternal satisfaction with the birth process using a visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 to 10 (higher score, greater satisfaction).
RESULTS: : One hundred fourteen women were available for analysis. Vaginal delivery rates within 12 hours were 25 of 57 (43.9%) for concurrent treatment compared with 27/57 (47.4%) (relative risk 0.9, 95% confidence interval 0.6-1.4, P=.85) for oxytocin only; median VAS was 8 (interquartile range [IQR] 2) compared with 8 (IQR 2), P=.38. Uterine hyperstimulation was 14% compared with 5.3%, P=.20; overall vaginal delivery rates were 59.6% compared with 64.9%, P=.70; and induction to vaginal delivery interval 9.7 hours compared with 9.4 hours P=.75 for concurrent treatment compared with oxytocin, respectively. There was no significant difference for any other outcome.
CONCLUSION: : Concurrent vaginal dinoprostone and intravenous oxytocin for labor induction of term PROM did not expedite delivery or improve patient satisfaction.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: : Current Controlled Trials, www.controlled-trials.com, ISRCTN74376345
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: : I.

Matched MeSH terms: Oxytocin/administration & dosage*
Inhibition of rat testicular microsomal steroidogenesis by oxytocin and metyrapone

Kwan TK, Gower DB

Biochem. Int., 1988 Apr;16(4):629-37.
PMID: 3390195

Capillary gas chromatographic 'steroid profiling' has been utilised to separate and quantify the metabolites (derivatized as methyloximes and/or trimethylsilyl ethers) formed from pregnenolone after incubation with rat testicular microsomes. A wide range of steroid metabolites was found, indicating that both the 5-ene and 4-ene pathways of testosterone biosynthesis were operating, as well as 16 alpha-hydroxylation, 20 beta-reduction and the formation of several C19 steroids (the 16-androstenes). At the concentration used, Metyrapone markedly inhibited 16 alpha- and 17-hydroxylation and side-chain cleavage of 17-hydroxylated C21 steroids. 16-Androstene production was also markedly inhibited and the formation of other metabolites was affected to lesser extents. Oxytocin abolished the formation of all C21 and C19 metabolites of pregnenolone.

Matched MeSH terms: Oxytocin/pharmacology*
Fulltext Effectiveness of breathing exercises, foot reflexology and back massage (BRM) on labour pain, anxiety, duration, satisfaction, stress hormones and newborn outcomes among primigravidae during the first stage of labour in Saudi Arabia: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Baljon KJ, Romli MH, Ismail AH, Khuan L, Chew BH

BMJ Open, 2020 06 15;10(6):e033844.
PMID: 32540887 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033844

INTRODUCTION: Labour pain is among the severest pains primigravidae may experience during pregnancy. Failure to address labour pain and anxiety may lead to abnormal labour. Despite the many complementary non-pharmacological approaches to coping with labour pain, the quality of evidence is low and best approaches are not established. This study protocol describes a proposed investigation of the effects of a combination of breathing exercises, foot reflexology and back massage (BRM) on the labour experiences of primigravidae.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This randomised controlled trial will involve an intervention group receiving BRM and standard labour care, and a control group receiving only standard labour care. Primigravidae of 26-34 weeks of gestation without chronic diseases or pregnancy-related complications will be recruited from antenatal clinics. Eligible and consenting patients will be randomly allocated to the intervention or the control group stratified by intramuscular pethidine use. The BRM intervention will be delivered by a trained massage therapist. The primary outcomes of labour pain and anxiety will be measured during and after uterine contractions at baseline (cervical dilatation 6 cm) and post BRM hourly for 2 hours. The secondary outcomes include maternal stress hormone (adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol and oxytocin) levels, maternal vital signs (V/S), fetal heart rate, labour duration, Apgar scores and maternal satisfaction. The sample size is estimated based on the between-group difference of 0.6 in anxiety scores, 95% power and 5% α error, which yields a required sample size of 154 (77 in each group) accounting for a 20% attrition rate. The between-group and within-group outcome measures will be examined with mixed-effect regression models, time series analyses and paired t-test or equivalent non-parametric tests, respectively.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Committee for Research Involving Human Subjects of the Ministry of Health in the Saudi Arabia (H-02-K-076-0319-109) on 14 April 2019, and from the Ethics Committee for Research Involving Human Subjects (JKEUPM) Universiti Putra Malaysia on 23 October 2019, reference number: JKEUPM-2019-169. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Results from this trial will be presented at regional, national and international conferences and published in indexed journals.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN87414969, registered 3 May 2019.

Matched MeSH terms: Oxytocin/blood
Fulltext Increased exposure to sodium during pregnancy and lactation changes basal and induced behavioral and neuroendocrine responses in adult male offspring

Silva MS, Lúcio-Oliveira F, Mecawi AS, Almeida LF, Ruginsk SG, Greenwood MP, et al.

Physiol Rep, 2017 Mar;5(6).
PMID: 28336818 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13210

Excessive sodium (Na+) intake in modern society has been associated with several chronic disorders such as hypertension. Several studies suggest that early life events can program physiological systems and lead to functional changes in adulthood. Therefore, we investigated behavioral and neuroendocrine responses under basal conditions and after 48 h of water deprivation in adult (60-day-old Wistar rats) male, Wistar rats originating from dams were offered only water or 0.15 mol/L NaCl during pregnancy and lactation. Early life salt exposure induced kidney damage, as shown by a higher number of ED-1 positive cells (macrophages/monocytes), increased daily urinary volume and Na+ excretion, blunted basal water intake and plasma oxytocin levels, and increased plasma corticosterone secretion. When challenged with water deprivation, animals exposed to 0.15 mol/L NaCl during early life showed impaired water intake, reduced salt preference ratio, and vasopressin (AVP) secretion. In summary, our data demonstrate that the perinatal exposure to excessive Na+ intake can induce kidney injury in adult offspring and significantly affect the key mechanisms regulating water balance, fluid intake, and AVP release in response to water deprivation. Collectively, these novel results highlight the impact of perinatal programming on the homeostatic mechanisms regulating fluid and electrolyte balance during exposure to an environmental stress (i.e. dehydration) in later life.

Matched MeSH terms: Oxytocin/blood*
Fulltext A comparison of physiological and transcriptome responses to water deprivation and salt loading in the rat supraoptic nucleus

Greenwood MP, Mecawi AS, Hoe SZ, Mustafa MR, Johnson KR, Al-Mahmoud GA, et al.

Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2015 Apr 01;308(7):R559-68.
PMID: 25632023 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00444.2014

Salt loading (SL) and water deprivation (WD) are experimental challenges that are often used to study the osmotic circuitry of the brain. Central to this circuit is the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of the hormones, arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXT), and their transport to terminals that reside in the posterior lobe of the pituitary. On osmotic challenge evoked by a change in blood volume or osmolality, the SON undergoes a function-related plasticity that creates an environment that allows for an appropriate hormone response. Here, we have described the impact of SL and WD compared with euhydrated (EU) controls in terms of drinking and eating behavior, body weight, and recorded physiological data including circulating hormone data and plasma and urine osmolality. We have also used microarrays to profile the transcriptome of the SON following SL and remined data from the SON that describes the transcriptome response to WD. From a list of 2,783 commonly regulated transcripts, we selected 20 genes for validation by qPCR. All of the 9 genes that have already been described as expressed or regulated in the SON by osmotic stimuli were confirmed in our models. Of the 11 novel genes, 5 were successfully validated while 6 were false discoveries.

Matched MeSH terms: Oxytocin/blood
Onset of labour

Chong HL, Ong HC, Ang LT

Med J Malaysia, 1974 Sep;29(1):44-53.
PMID: 4282630
Matched MeSH terms: Oxytocin/physiology
Fulltext Effect of epidural analgesia on labour: a retrospective comparison study

Norziah Aman, Fatimah Sham, Rashidah Bahari, Aminuddin Ahmad, Normala Salim

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):73-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Epidural analgesia is the most effective method for intra-partum pain relief and most widely applied during childbirth. Various adverse effects of epidural analgesia have been described such as lower rate of sponta- neous vaginal delivery, a higher rate of instrumental vaginal delivery and prolongation of labour, however it remains controversial. The aim of this study to determine the effect of epidural on maternal outcome. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of epidural analgesia on the mothers with epidural and non epidural parturient at Hospital Putrajaya. Methods: Retrospective cohort study was used to collect data through Total Hospital Informa- tion System (THIS) on all delivery cases in Hospital Putrajaya from 1st January to 31st December 2016. A total of 906 mothers was retrospectively investigated in a cohort of 8000 delivery; and was divided into two groups of 453 mothers with epidural analgesia and non-epidural analgesia. Data were analysed using inferential statistics. Results: The mean age in this study was 30.1±4.1 years old with body mass index (BMI) was 28.5±4.5. Univariate analysis demonstrated that epidural group have lower rate of instrumental delivery (34.4%) and caesarean section (30.5%). However, they required more oxytocin used for augmentation (66.4%). The mean duration of first stage of labour was prolong in epidural group (6.0±2.5 hours) compared with non-epidural group (4.3±1.7 hours) while the duration of second stage of labour was also prolong in epidural group (15±19 min) as compared with non-epidural (7±11 min). Conclusion: Epidural analgesia had better maternal outcomes in term of mode of delivery but had adverse effects on duration of labour and oxytocin used.

Matched MeSH terms: Oxytocin
Fulltext Pneumonia and concurrent eggs retention in a river terrapin (Batagur baska)

Inirah, C.I., Donny, Y., Azlan, C.A., Teoh, H.X., Jesse, F.F.A.

Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2017;29(1):13-17.
MyJurnal

A case report of pneumonia and egg retention in a river terrapin was presented in this paper. A 20 year-old river terrapin (Batagur baska) was presented with complaint of coughing with blood discharge, wheezing breathing and inappetance. Plain radiograph showed both right and left lung lobes were consolidated due to pneumonia 90% and 70%, respectively. Tentative diagnosis of pneumonia due to opportunistic bacterial infection of Chromobacterium sp. and Plesiomonas shigelloides was made in this case based on bacterial isolation and response to antibiotic and antiinflammatory drugs. Enrofloxacin and flunixin meglumine were administered from Day-1 to -5. Enrofloxacin was then changed to gentamicin since it showed resistance in those bacteria. No clinical changes were observed. Gentamicin was given at rate 2.5 mg/kg once a week intramuscularly and prednisolone 2 mg/kg once on Day-6 given intramuscularly, showed a response on Day-10 of hospitalisation with the evidence of reduction in lung consolidation by almost 90% clear of lung lobes from pneumonia. Sixteen thin-shelled eggs were also observed in the coelomic cavity on radiographic images. Active laying season, prolonged laying period and the history of laying only two eggs a week before presenting to hospital gives a highly suggestive diagnosis of egg retention syndrome. To encourage laying, the terrapin was given a daily parenteral calcium supplement, oxytocin 5 IU/kg intramuscularly (Day-10 hospitalisation) and was released for sunbath and to sand twice daily. The eggs were completely laid on Day-11 and the overall terrapin condition was greatly improved 2 weeks post-hospitalisation.

Matched MeSH terms: Oxytocin
Fulltext Antidepressant-Like Effect of Lipid Extract of Channa striatus in Postpartum Model of Depression in Rats

Abdul Shukkoor MS, Baharuldin MTHB, Mat Jais AM, Mohamad Moklas MA, Fakurazi S, Basir R

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2017;2017:1469209.
PMID: 29317891 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1469209

Postpartum depression affects 15% of women. Channa striatus, a freshwater fish, is consumed in local Malay population as a rejuvenating diet during postpartum period. This study evaluated the antidepressant-like effect of lipid extract of C. striatus fillet and its mechanism of action in female Sprague-Dawley rats in postpartum model of depression. The rats were ovariectomized and treated with high dose of progesterone and estradiol benzoate for 23 days to have hormone-simulated pregnancy. The day 24 and afterwards were considered as the postpartum period. During the postpartum period, lipid extract was administered at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg through intraperitoneal route for 15 days. Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) was used as the positive control. On postpartum day 15, the animals were tested in forced swimming test (FST) and open field test (OFT) followed by biochemical analysis. Withdrawal of hormone administration during the postpartum period induced depressive-like behavior in FST. Administration of lipid extract reversed that depressive-like behavior at 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg in FST. In OFT, it decreased the exploratory activity. The mechanism of the antidepressant-like effect may be mediated through the decrease in plasma corticosterone, increase in plasma oxytocin, and decrease in nuclear factor-kappa B in prefrontal cortex of rats.

Matched MeSH terms: Oxytocin