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  1. Fulltext A gluteal mass of langerhans cell histiocytosis mimicking malignancy in a two-year-old boy: a case report
    Ibrahim ZA, Lung WS, Long PK
    Malays J Med Sci, 2009 Jan;16(1):48-50.
    PMID: 22589649 MyJurnal
    Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a disease primarily affects the bone. More than 50 percent of the disease occurs between the age of 1 and 15. We reported a case of a 2 year old boy who presented with a gluteal mass. Radiographic imaging showed an osteolytic lesion suspicious of malignancy. However, the histological diagnosis was Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  2. Fulltext Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR- TB) Compared with Non-MDR-TB Infections in Peninsular Malaysia
    Elmi OS, Hasan H, Abdullah S, Mat Jeab MZ, Ba Z, Naing NN
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Jul;23(4):17-25.
    PMID: 27660541 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2016.23.4.3
    Treating patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) strains is more complicated, complex, toxic, expensive, than treating patients with susceptible TB strains. This study aims to compare the treatment outcomes and potential factors associated between patients with MDR-TB and non MDR TB infections in peninsular Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  3. Fulltext Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Anterior Circulation Intracranial Aneurysm Managed with Clipping in Hospital Sungai Buloh
    Ab Ghani A, Nayan SA, Kandasamy R, Rosman AK, Ghani AR
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Nov;23(6):113-117.
    PMID: 28090185 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2016.23.6.12
    The annual incidence of intracranial aneurysm in Malaysia is estimated to be 1.1-1.7 per 100,000 population based on a study done conducted in 1988. Since then, little epidemiological research has been conducted in Malaysia, and the real incidence is therefore probably unreported despite advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. Intracranial aneurysm may be treated by microsurgical clipping or embolisation depending on its location and the surgeon's preference. This study aims to report the characteristics and outcomes of patients with a clipped anterior circulation aneurysm in Hospital Sungai Buloh.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  4. Fulltext Performance of Malaysian medical journals
    Abrizah A
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Mar;23(2):1-5.
    PMID: 27547108
    Indexation status matters for scholarly journal prestige and trust. The performance of Malaysian medical journals at the international level is gauged through the global citation databases, and at the national level through MyCite, a national citation indexing system. The performance indicators include journals publication productivity, the citations they garner, and their scores on other bibliometric indices such as journal impact factor (IF), and h-index. There is a growing consciousness amongst journal editorials to improve quality and increase chances of getting indexed in MyCite. Although it is now possible to gauge journal performance within Malaysia, through MyCite, the government and public are concerned about journal performance in international databases. Knowing the performance of journals in MyCite will help the editors and publishers to improve the quality and visibility of Malaysian journals and strategise to bring their journal to the international level of indexation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  5. Fulltext Ear infection and hearing loss amongst headphone users
    Mazlan R, Saim L, Thomas A, Said R, Liyab B
    Malays J Med Sci, 2002 Jul;9(2):17-22.
    PMID: 22844220 MyJurnal
    The use of headphone has been thought to cause infection in the ear canal and contribute to hearing loss. In this study, we examined 136 Customer Service Representative from Celcom (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. who use headphone throughout their working hours. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of ear canal infection and other related diseases of the ear, nose and throat. Their hearing thresholds were also determined using the Amplaid 309 Clinical Audiometer. We found no incidence of infection of the external ear canal amongst the subjects. There were 4 cases of chronic middle ear infection and 4 cases of impacted wax. Hearing impairment was found in 25 subjects (21.2%). However, there was no significant association between hearing loss and the exposure to sound from headphone usage because the high frequencies were not predominantly affected. There was also no association between hearing loss and duration of service.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  6. Fulltext Health risks evaluation of mycotoxins in plant-based supplements marketed in Malaysia
    Abdullah R, Kamarozaman NS, Ab Dullah SS, Aziz MY, Aziza HBA
    Sci Rep, 2025 Jan 07;15(1):1244.
    PMID: 39774309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-85280-z
    Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi, pose significant health risks when present in plant-based supplements (PBS), necessitating thorough risk assessment to ensure consumer safety. This study evaluates the health risks associated with mycotoxins, specifically aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2) and ochratoxin A (OTA), in PBS sold in Malaysia. Contamination levels of AFB1, AFB2, and OTA were quantified in 14 PBS samples using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. All samples tested positive for AFB2, while 28.57% and 42.86% tested positive for AFB1 and OTA, respectively with some levels exceeding the regulatory limits set by the Malaysian Food Act 1983 and European regulations. The estimated daily intake of these mycotoxins was calculated based on the recommended daily intake of each supplement. To assess risk, Margin of Exposure (MOE) values were determined, showing that all AFB2-positive samples had MOE values below the critical threshold of 10,000, indicating an urgent need for risk management. A quantitative cancer risk assessment also estimated the percentage of hepatocellular carcinoma and kidney cancer attributable to mycotoxin exposure. The findings emphasize the significant public health risks posed by mycotoxins, particularly in samples B2 and B10, where all three mycotoxins studied were present at concerning levels. This study highlights the urgent need for stricter regulations and better monitoring of mycotoxin levels in PBS to protect consumer's health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  7. Fulltext Validation study of the malay version of the work-family conflict questionnaire
    Sanaz A, Syaqirah A, Khadijah S
    Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Jan;21(1):50-7.
    PMID: 24639612 MyJurnal
    BACKGROUND: Work-family conflict has received increasing attention in recent decades in the area of workplace stressors, which can affect employees' health. However, the dimensionality of the work-family conflict construct among the Malay-speaking population has not been clarified. In order to do so, it is crucial to use an instrument that is appropriate and valid for the Malay-speaking population. As such, the goal of this study was to validate and test the dimensionality of the Malay version of the Work-Family Conflict Questionnaire.
    METHODS: The present study conducted exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant validity, convergent validity, and internal consistency, using Cronbach's alpha, of the work-family conflict construct among 332 working women in Malaysia.
    RESULTS: The results supported the existence of four dimensions in the Work-Family Conflict Questionnaire that distinguish between time based and strain-based work-family conflict and family-work conflict. The discriminant validity, convergent validity, and internal consistency of this construct are adequately supported.
    CONCLUSION: The findings of this study supported the existence of discriminant and convergent validity, as well as adequate reliability, for the construct. Thus, the Work-Family Conflict Questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument among Malay-speaking working women.
    KEYWORDS: factor analysis; professional-family relation; validity and reliability; working women
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  8. All the Vice Chancellor's Neuroscientists: Unity to Achieve Success in Solving Malaysia's Diseases via Upgrading Clinical Services and Neuroscience Research
    Abdullah JM
    Malays J Med Sci, 2013 May;20(3):1-5.
    PMID: 23966818
    President Obama of the United States of America announced this April the Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN for short) investment, while Professor Henry Markram's team based in the European Union will spend over a billion euros on the Human Brain Project, breaking through the unknowns in the fifth science of the decade: Neuroscience. Malaysia's growth in the same field needs to be augmented, and thus the Universiti Sains Malaysia's vision is to excel in the field of clinical brain sciences, mind sciences and neurosciences. This will naturally bring up the level of research in the country simultaneously. Thus, a center was recently established to coordinate this venture. The four-year Integrated Neuroscience Program established recently will be a sustainable source of neuroscientists for the country. We hope to establish ourselves by 2020 as a global university with neurosciences research as an important flagship.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  9. Fulltext Normalised MRI Volumetry of the Hippocampus among Normal Malay Children and Adolescents
    Jalaluddin WM, Mat Jusoh N, Ali Basahai IA, Abdullah MS, Abdul Karim AH, Gazali AK
    Malays J Med Sci, 2013 Jan;20(1):31-8.
    PMID: 23785253 MyJurnal
    Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive method for determining brain morphology and volumetry. Hippocampal volume changes are observed in conjunction with several diseases. This study aimed to determine the normalised volume of the hippocampus in normal Malay children and adolescents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  10. Fulltext Cancer of the cervix - from bleak past to bright future; a review, with an emphasis on cancer of the cervix in malaysia
    Nor Hayati O
    Malays J Med Sci, 2003 Jan;10(1):13-26.
    PMID: 23365496 MyJurnal
    Cancer of the cervix has the potential to be eradicated since the initiating cause is known. There was not much known about this cancer until the time of the Renaissance. In Malaysia, it is the second most common cancer among females after breast cancer. The strategies on prevention in this country are still not optimal. This article highlights the problems and also discusses the pathogenesis of this disease. The key to prevention is screening and the future is the era of molecular pap smear.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  11. Fulltext Analysis of the Psychometric Properties of the Malay Version of Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) Among Postpartum Women in Kedah, North West of Peninsular Malaysia
    Wan Mahmud WM, Awang A, Herman I, Mohamed MN
    Malays J Med Sci, 2004 Jul;11(2):19-25.
    PMID: 22973123
    Increased international collaboration in clinical trials has created a need for cross culturally valid instruments to assess the quality of life and behavioural disorders. Cross cultural studies of depressive symptomatology, in particular, must be preceded by an exhaustive study of the psychometric properties of the instruments to ensure the validity of the comparison. In this article, we examined the validity, reliability and factor structure of the Malay version of the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) among Malay postpartum women attending selected health centres in Kedah, North West of Peninsular Malaysia. Our findings indicated that the current version of the BDI-II is psychometrically strong and appropriate for use in assessing depressive symptomatology among this group of women.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  12. Fulltext Prevalence and ethnic distribution of helicobacter pylori infection among endoscoped patients in north eastern peninsular malaysia
    Kaur G, Naing NN
    Malays J Med Sci, 2003 Jul;10(2):66-70.
    PMID: 23386799 MyJurnal
    The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and ethnic distribution of Helicobacter pylori infection in an endoscoped population in North Eastern Peninsular Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  13. A survey on the occurrence of papaya ringspot virus-P (PRSV-P) in Malaysia and genetic diversity assessment of the coat protein region
    Mohsin Mohsen N, Aziz MA, Thangaraja K, Mohammad Nasir MA, Md Zoqratt MZH, Bhassu S, et al.
    Environ Monit Assess, 2024 Nov 04;196(12):1154.
    PMID: 39495404 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-13321-7
    Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is a plant virus transmitted by aphids that has spread throughout many countries, including Malaysia, causing yield losses and economic impacts to the papaya industry worldwide. PRSV infection in papaya-distinctive ring-shaped patterns on papaya leaves resulted in stunted growth and reduced fruit quality. Management strategies such as the use of resistant varieties, cultural practices, and vector control are employed to mitigate the spread of PRSV. However, the evolution of new virus strains and the uncertainties posed by climate change pose ongoing challenges for the management of PRSV worldwide. Therefore, in this present study, we aim to confirm the presence of PRSV in symptomatic papaya leaves, to depict the current status of PRSV in Malaysia. Using reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) targeting PRSV partial nuclear inclusion b protein (NIb) and coat protein (CP), 13 out of 40 papaya leaves collected were found positive for the PRSV strain-P (PRSV-P). Nucleotide analysis revealed a high similarity with strains from Taiwan and India, showing 96.83%, 97.03%, and 97.03% identity with the Taiwan strains (DQ340771, AY027810) and the India strain (KJ755852), respectively. Compared to the CP gene of Malaysian isolates reported in 2016 (EU082207), several nonsynonymous mutations have been discovered suggesting genetic diversity within the PRSV population in Malaysia. Overall, this study confirms the current circulation of PRSV infection in Malaysia since it was first identified in Johore in 1991. The re-occurrence of PRSV-P in this study highlights the need for continuous monitoring and targeted management strategies to prevent the further spread of PRSV-P in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  14. Regulating the humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus) trade in Sabah, Malaysia
    Chen JN, Justin SR
    Ambio, 2009 Mar;38(2):123-5.
    PMID: 19431947
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  15. Leptospirosis in Malaya. I. Sporadic cases among military and civilian personnel
    MCCRUMB FR, STOCKARD JL, ROBINSON CR, TURNER LH, LEVIS DG, MAISEY CW, et al.
    Am J Trop Med Hyg, 1957 Mar;6(2):238-56.
    PMID: 13424900
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  16. Fulltext The use of end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in patients with hypotension in the emergency department
    Kheng CP, Rahman NH
    Int J Emerg Med, 2012;5(1):31.
    PMID: 22828152 DOI: 10.1186/1865-1380-5-31
    BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of end tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring in hypotensive shock patients presenting to the ED.
    METHODS: This was a prospective observational study in a tertiary ED. One hundred three adults in shock with hypotension presenting to the ED were recruited into the study. They were grouped according to different types of shock, hypovolemic, cardiogenic, septic and others. Vital signs and ETCO2 were measured on presentation and at 30-min intervals up to 120 min. Blood gases and serum lactate levels were obtained on arrival. All patients were managed according to standard protocols and treatment regimes. Patient survival up to hospital admission and at 30 days was recorded.
    RESULTS: Mean ETCO2 for all patients on arrival was 29.07 ± 9.96 mmHg. Average ETCO2 for patients in hypovolemic, cardiogenic and septic shock was 29.64 ± 11.49, 28.60 ± 9.87 and 27.81 ± 7.39 mmHg, respectively. ETCO2 on arrival was positively correlated with systolic and diastolic BP, MAP, bicarbonate, base excess and lactate when analyzed in all shock patients. Early ETCO2 measurements were found to be significantly lower in patients who did not survive to hospital admission (p = 0.005). All patients who had ETCO2 ≤ 12mmHg died in the ED. However, normal ETCO2 does not ensure patient survival.
    CONCLUSION: The use of ETCO2 in the ED has great potential to be used as a method of non-invasive monitoring of patients in shock.
    Study site: Emergency department, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  17. Fulltext Burden of motorcycle-related injury in Malaysia
    Rahman NH, Baharuddin KA, Mohamad SM
    Int J Emerg Med, 2015;8:17.
    PMID: 26085844 DOI: 10.1186/s12245-015-0065-4
    Road traffic injury (RTI) contributes to major morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. Most of the injuries are caused by road-related injuries that specifically relate to motorcycle crash. We attempted to conduct a short survey to determine the magnitude of burden related to motorcycle-related RTIs in Malaysia. We hypothesize that motorcycle-related RTI in Malaysia contributes significantly to the health burden in the country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  18. Fulltext The display effects of patients' self-assessment on traumatic acute pain on the proportion and timing of analgesics administration in the emergency department
    Rahman NH, Ananthanosamy C
    Int J Emerg Med, 2014;7:36.
    PMID: 25635196 DOI: 10.1186/s12245-014-0036-1
    BACKGROUND: Acute pain assessment in the emergency department (ED) is important in particular during the triage process. Early pain assessment and management improve outcome. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of documentation and display of patient's self-assessment of pain using numerical rating scale (NRS) on analgesic use among adult trauma patients in ED.
    METHODS: A randomized control trial was conducted recruiting 216 trauma patients who presented to ED of two tertiary centers. Pain score was done using NRS for all patients. They were randomized into pain score display group or not displayed in the control. The outcome measured were proportion of patients receiving analgesics and timing from triage to analgesic administration.
    RESULTS: The proportion of patients who received analgesics when pain score was displayed was 6.5% more than when pain score was not displayed. This difference was however not statistically significant. However, stratified categorical analysis using chi-square showed that the displayed severe pain group was 1.3 times more likely to receive analgesics compared to the non-displayed group. The mean timing to analgesic administration for the displayed and non-displayed groups were 81.3 ± 41.2 (95% C.I 65.9, 96.7) and 88.7 ± 45.4 (95% C.I 69.0, 108.3), respectively (p > 0.05).
    CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of patients who received analgesics increased when NRS was displayed. However, the pain display has no significant effect on the timing of analgesics.
    KEYWORDS: Acute pain; Analgesic; Pain score; Triage
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  19. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression Integrating Malaysian Culture: A Case Illustration
    Syasyila K, Gin LL, Jamaludin ANSJ
    J Cogn Psychother, 2024 Nov 11;38(4):353-359.
    PMID: 39528297 DOI: 10.1891/JCP-2023-0031
    This clinical case assessed the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating major depressive disorder in a 26-year-old female, Sara, attributing her depression to pregnancy, financial constraints, parental duties, and emotional stress. Sara had eight sessions of CBT, during which her symptoms were measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II). Sara's depressive symptoms dramatically decreased after the intervention, moving her HAM-D and BDI-II scores from moderate to mild depression and from clinically depressed to mild, respectively. The assessment showed improved interest, concentration, energy levels, and a more positive self-perception. Integrating Malaysian cultural elements into CBT, emphasizing family support, community engagement, and spirituality positively impacted Sara. This study emphasizes the value of culturally appropriate CBT for depression as it can help with symptom management, challenging negative thoughts, and bolstering self-esteem. This method identifies and addresses cultural impacts on mental health, recommending the incorporation of cultural aspects in therapy, enhancing relapse prevention and quality of life for Malaysians experiencing depression.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  20. Prevalence and factors associated with medication administration errors in the neonatal intensive care unit: A multicentre, nationwide direct observational study
    Henry Basil J, Premakumar CM, Mhd Ali A, Mohd Tahir NA, Seman Z, Voo JYH, et al.
    J Adv Nurs, 2025 Feb;81(2):820-833.
    PMID: 38803148 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16247
    AIM(S): To determine the prevalence of medication administration errors and identify factors associated with medication administration errors among neonates in the neonatal intensive care units.

    DESIGN: Prospective direct observational study.

    METHODS: The study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care units of five public hospitals in Malaysia from April 2022 to March 2023. The preparation and administration of medications were observed using a standardized data collection form followed by chart review. After data collection, error identification was independently performed by two clinical pharmacists. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with medication administration errors.

    RESULTS: A total of 743 out of 1093 observed doses had at least one error, affecting 92.4% (157/170) neonates. The rate of medication administration errors was 68.0%. The top three most frequently occurring types of medication administration errors were wrong rate of administration (21.2%), wrong drug preparation (17.9%) and wrong dose (17.0%). Factors significantly associated with medication administration errors were medications administered intravenously, unavailability of a protocol, the number of prescribed medications, nursing experience, non-ventilated neonates and gestational age in weeks.

    CONCLUSION: Medication administration errors among neonates in the neonatal intensive care units are still common. The intravenous route of administration, absence of a protocol, younger gestational age, non-ventilated neonates, higher number of medications prescribed and increased years of nursing experience were significantly associated with medication administration errors.

    IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: The findings of this study will enable the implementation of effective and sustainable interventions to target the factors identified in reducing medication administration errors among neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit.

    REPORTING METHOD: We adhered to the STROBE checklist.

    PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: An expert panel consisting of healthcare professionals was involved in the identification of independent variables.

    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
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