MyMedR

Diversity partitioning confirms the importance of beta components in tropical rainforest Lepidoptera

Beck J, Holloway JD, Khen CV, Kitching IJ

Am Nat, 2012 Sep;180(3):E64-74.

Tropical beta diversity, and particularly that of herbivorous insects in rainforests, is often considered to be enormous, but this notion has recently been challenged. Because tropical beta diversity is highly relevant to our view on biodiversity, it is important to gain more insights and to resolve methodological problems that may lead to contradictions in different studies. We used data on two ecologically distinct moth families from Southeast Asia and analyzed separately the contribution of beta components to overall species richness at three spatial scales. Observed diversity partitions were compared under different types of null models. We found that alpha diversity was lower than expected on the basis of null models, whereas hierarchical beta components were larger than expected. Beta components played a significant role in shaping gamma diversity, and their contribution can be high (multiplicative beta >5). We found a reduction in beta components when comparing primary forests to agricultural sites (cf. "biotic homogenization"), but even in these habitats, beta components were still substantial. Our analyses show that beta components do play an important role in our data on tropical herbivorous insects and that these results are not attributable to lumping different habitats when sampling environmental gradients.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Fulltext A taxonomic study on the genus Ettchellsia Cameron, with descriptions of three new species (Hymenoptera, Megalyridae, Dinapsini)

Mita T, Shaw SR

Zookeys, 2012.

PMID: 23378818 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.254.4182

Three new species of Ettchellsia Cameron, namely, Ettchellsia ignitasp. n. from Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo, Ettchellsia nigripessp. n. from Sulawesi and Ettchellsia reidisp. n. from Borneo are described and illustrated. A key to the species of Ettchellsia is provided based on females.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Fulltext A review of Bornean Micronectidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Nepomorpha) with descriptions of two new species from Sabah, Malaysia

Chen PP, Nieser N, Lapidin J

Zookeys, 2015.

PMID: 25987878 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.501.9416

Previous research of Bornean Micronectidae Jaczewski, 1924 (pygmy water boatmen) is summarized based on the data from the literature and recent work. All the Bornean micronectids belong to the genus Micronecta Kirkaldy, 1897. Descriptions or redescriptions and a key to the eight species, which have so far been found in Borneo are presented, namely Micronectadecorata Lundblad, 1933, Micronectaludibunda Breddin, 1905, Micronectaliewi sp. n., Micronectalakimi sp. n., Micronectalumutensis Chen, Nieser & Lansbury, 2008, Micronectaskutalis Nieser & Chen, 1999, Micronectakymatista Nieser & Chen, 1999) and Micronectaquadristrigata Breddin, 1905. The synonyms are indicated under each species. To facilitate identification, illustrations and habitus photos are provided. The faunistic components of Micronectidae in Borneo are discussed from a zoogeographic point of view.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Seedlings of Neuwiedia (Orchidaceae subfamily Apostasioideae) have typical orchidaceous mycotrophic protocorms

Kristiansen KA, Rasmussen FN, Rasmussen HN

Am J Bot, 2001 May;88(5):956-9.

PMID: 11353721

Naturally occurring seedlings of Neuwiedia veratrifolia were found in three localities in Sabah, Borneo, Malaysia. Seedlings consisted of an irregular oblong protocorm and a terminal leafy rooted shoot. Protocorms contained mycotrophic tissue of the kind typical of orchid mycorrhiza (tolypophagy). This finding demonstrates an important synapomorphy between Neuwiedia and other orchids and strongly supports the monophyly of Orchidaceae in the broad sense, including apostasiod orchids.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Tree species diversity in commercially logged bornean rainforest

Cannon CH, Peart DR, Leighton M

Science, 1998 Aug 28;281(5381):1366-8.

PMID: 9721105

The effects of commercial logging on tree diversity in tropical rainforest are largely unknown. In this study, selectively logged tropical rainforest in Indonesian Borneo is shown to contain high tree species richness, despite severe structural damage. Plots logged 8 years before sampling contained fewer species of trees greater than 20 centimeters in diameter than did similar-sized unlogged plots. However, in samples of the same numbers of trees (requiring a 50 percent larger area), logged forest contained as many tree species as unlogged forest. These findings warrant reassessment of the conservation potential of large tracts of commercially logged tropical rainforest.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Fulltext Imaging spectroscopy reveals the effects of topography and logging on the leaf chemistry of tropical forest canopy trees

Swinfield T, Both S, Riutta T, Bongalov B, Elias D, Majalap-Lee N, et al.

Glob Chang Biol, 2020 02;26(2):989-1002.

PMID: 31845482 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14903

Logging, pervasive across the lowland tropics, affects millions of hectares of forest, yet its influence on nutrient cycling remains poorly understood. One hypothesis is that logging influences phosphorus (P) cycling, because this scarce nutrient is removed in extracted timber and eroded soil, leading to shifts in ecosystem functioning and community composition. However, testing this is challenging because P varies within landscapes as a function of geology, topography and climate. Superimposed upon these trends are compositional changes in logged forests, with species with more acquisitive traits, characterized by higher foliar P concentrations, more dominant. It is difficult to resolve these patterns using traditional field approaches alone. Here, we use airborne light detection and ranging-guided hyperspectral imagery to map foliar nutrient (i.e. P, nitrogen [N]) concentrations, calibrated using field measured traits, over 400 km2 of northeastern Borneo, including a landscape-level disturbance gradient spanning old-growth to repeatedly logged forests. The maps reveal that canopy foliar P and N concentrations decrease with elevation. These relationships were not identified using traditional field measurements of leaf and soil nutrients. After controlling for topography, canopy foliar nutrient concentrations were lower in logged forest than in old-growth areas, reflecting decreased nutrient availability. However, foliar nutrient concentrations and specific leaf area were greatest in relatively short patches in logged areas, reflecting a shift in composition to pioneer species with acquisitive traits. N:P ratio increased in logged forest, suggesting reduced soil P availability through disturbance. Through the first landscape scale assessment of how functional leaf traits change in response to logging, we find that differences from old-growth forest become more pronounced as logged forests increase in stature over time, suggesting exacerbated phosphorus limitation as forests recover.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Haemaphysalis (Kaiseriana) bispinosa Neumann (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): evidence for consideration as an introduced species in the Malay peninsula and Borneo

Hoogstraal H, Lim BL, Anastos G

J Parasitol, 1969 Oct;55(5):1075-7.

PMID: 5391311

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

On the taxonomic status of Asthenodipsas vertebralis (Boulenger, 1900) (Squamata: Pareidae) in Borneo with the description of a new species

Quah ESH, Lim KKP, Grismer LL

Zootaxa, 2021 Mar 24;4949(1):zootaxa.4949.1.2.

PMID: 33756993 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4949.1.2

The taxonomic status of Asthenodipsas vertebralis in Borneo has been plagued with uncertainty over the last eighty years. An examination of museum collections resulted in the discovery of a voucher specimen of A. vertebralis from Sarawak, East Malaysia that confirms the presence of the species in Borneo and a previously unrecognised species, Asthenodipsas ingeri sp. nov. from Mount Kinabalu, Sabah. Asthenodipsas ingeri sp. nov. can be differentiated from its congeners by the combination of an absence of preoculars and suboculars, 1st and 3rd pair of infralabials in contact, two pairs of posterior inframaxillaries, supralabials 3-5 (sometimes 3 4) in contact with orbit, 15/15/15 rows of dorsal scales, presence of sharp vertebral keel, and divided subcaudals. This study highlights the importance of careful re-examination of museum collections that could potentially harbour new species hiding in plain sight. These discoveries also add to the growing number of reptile and amphibian species being described from Borneo that shows no signs of abating but are already potentially threatened by the continued deforestation and developments on the island.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

A new Occidozyga from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo (Anura: Dicroglossidae)

Matsui M, Nishikawa K, Eto K, Hamidy A, Hossman Y, Fukuyama I

Zootaxa, 2021 Feb 10;4926(4):zootaxa.4926.4.4.

PMID: 33756730 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4926.4.4

We found a uniquely colored dicroglossid frog of the genus Occidozyga from western Sarawak, East Malaysia. It is divergent from other congeners in morphology and mtDNA sequences. In a molecular phylogeny, this species is the sister lineage to the continental species O. lima and O. martensii with weak support. The species is small with SVL 16-18 mm in males and 18-19 mm in females, without dorsolateral fold but with transverse wrinkles on dorsum, tips of fingers lacking disks but of toes with disks, only first and second toes webbed to disks, and orange-brown dorsum with dark brown band. We thus describe it as a new species.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

A review of Megalogomphus sumatranus (Krüger, 1899) and its allies in Sundaland with a description of a new species from Borneo (Odonata: Anisoptera: Gomphidae)

Dow RA, Price BW

Zootaxa, 2020 Sep 04;4845(4):zootaxa.4845.4.2.

PMID: 33056753 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4845.4.2

Megalogomphus sumatranus (Krüger, 1899) and its allies in Sundaland are reviewed. The accessory genitalia of the males of this genus, hardly considered previously, are found to be taxonomically informative. The taxon from Borneo previously treated as M. sumatranus is described from both sexes as M. buddi sp. nov. (holotype ♂ Sungai Datai, Nanga Bloh, Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary, Kapit Division, Sarawak, Malaysia, 22 viii 2013, leg. J. anak Awan M. anak Adau; deposited at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands). Megalogomphus borneensis (Laidlaw, 1914), described as a subspecies of M. icterops (Martin, 1903) and subsequently relegated to the synonymy of that species, is considered to be a distinct species. Megalogomphus icterops is however considered to be a junior synonym of M. sumatranus. A re-description of the holotype of Megalogomphus borneensis is provided as is the first description of the female. Descriptive notes with illustrations of Megalogomphus sumatranus are given.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Revision of the genus Coeliccia Kirby in Borneo part III: Two new species from the C. membranipes-group from Sarawak and Brunei (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae)

Dow RA

Zootaxa, 2020 Dec 04;4890(4):zootaxa.4890.4.2.

PMID: 33311104 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4890.4.2

Coeliccia junis sp. nov. (holotype male from Borneo, Sarawak, Bintulu Division, Planted Forest Project, Bukit Mina Wildlife Corridor, "Day 4" stream near Bukit Nyegoh and Bukit Jugam, near small brown water pool, 10 viii 2018, deposited in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands) and Coeliccia roberti sp. nov. (holotype male from Borneo, Sarawak, Miri Division, Lambir Hills National Park, small stream on Oil Well Trail, 22 iv 2011, deposited in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands) are described from Borneo. Both new species belong to the Coeliccia membranipes-group and bring the number of named species known from the group from Borneo to nine and the total number of named species from Borneo currently placed in Coeliccia to 15. Coeliccia junis is only known from a small area in Sarawak, C. roberti is also known from Brunei. Both species are considered likely to be closely allied with C. macrostigma Laidlaw.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Major and persistent shifts in below-ground carbon dynamics and soil respiration following logging in tropical forests

Riutta T, Kho LK, Teh YA, Ewers R, Majalap N, Malhi Y

Glob Chang Biol, 2021 May;27(10):2225-2240.

PMID: 33462919 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15522

Soil respiration is the largest carbon efflux from the terrestrial ecosystem to the atmosphere, and selective logging influences soil respiration via changes in abiotic (temperature, moisture) and biotic (biomass, productivity, quantity and quality of necromass inputs) drivers. Logged forests are a predominant feature of the tropical forest landscape, their area exceeding that of intact forest. We quantified both total and component (root, mycorrhiza, litter, and soil organic matter, SOM) soil respiration in logged (n = 5) and old-growth (n = 6) forest plots in Malaysian Borneo, a region which is a global hotspot for emission from forest degradation. We constructed a detailed below-ground carbon budget including organic carbon inputs into the system via litterfall and root turnover. Total soil respiration was significantly higher in logged forests than in old-growth forests (14.3 ± 0.23 and 12.7 ± 0.60 Mg C ha-1 year-1 , respectively, p = 0.037). This was mainly due to the higher SOM respiration in logged forests (55 ± 3.1% of the total respiration in logged forests vs. 50 ± 3.0% in old-growth forests). In old-growth forests, annual SOM respiration was equal to the organic carbon inputs into the soil (difference between SOM respiration and inputs 0.18 Mg C ha-1 year-1 , with 90% confidence intervals of -0.41 and 0.74 Mg C ha-1 year-1 ), indicating that the system is in equilibrium, while in logged forests SOM respiration exceeded the inputs by 4.2 Mg C ha-1 year-1 (90% CI of 3.6 and 4.9 Mg C ha-1 year-1 ), indicating that the soil is losing carbon. These results contribute towards understanding the impact of logging on below-ground carbon dynamics, which is one of the key uncertainties in estimating emissions from forest degradation. This study demonstrates how significant perturbation of the below-ground carbon balance, and consequent net soil carbon emissions, can persist for decades after a logging event in tropical forests.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

New taxa of crickets (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phaloriinae, Phalangopsinae, Itarinae and Podoscirtinae) from Borneo (Brunei Darussalam and Sandakan)

Tan MK, Japir R, Chung AYC, Wahab RBHA

Zootaxa, 2020 Jul 10;4810(2):zootaxa.4810.2.2.

PMID: 33055895 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4810.2.2

Three new species were described from Borneo: Itara (Bornitara) spinosa sp. nov. and Aphonoides duri sp. nov. from Brunei and Varitrella (Cantotrella) suikei sp. nov. from Sandakan in Sabah. We describe the call of Varitrella (Cantotrella) suikei sp. nov. In addition to the new species descriptions, we also report new locality records of other recently discovered species: Borneloria spinosa Gorochov, 2018 in Belait (Brunei Darussalam), species of Anemozara Gorochov, 2014 in Brunei Darussalam and Terrozacla borneo Gorochov, 2014 in Belait.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Land snails and slugs of Bau limestone hills, Sarawak (Malaysia, Borneo), with the descriptions of 13 new species

Marzuki MEB, Liew TS, Mohd-Azlan J

Zookeys, 2021;1035:1-113.

PMID: 33958931 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1035.60843

This study presents a list of land snails and slugs found on limestone hills in the District of Bau, the state of Sarawak in Malaysian Borneo. Systematic and random sampling for land snails was conducted at eight limestone outcrops, namely, Gunung Stulang, Padang Pan, Gunung Kapor, Gunung Lobang Angin, Gunung Doya, Gunung Batu, Bukit Sekunyit and Gunung Sebayat. A total of 122 land snail species was documented with photographs of each species. Of the 122 species collected, 13 are new to science, namely, Acmella bauensissp. nov., Japonia bauensissp. nov., Plectostoma margaretchanaesp. nov., Microcystina arabiisp. nov., Microcystina atonisp. nov., Microcystina pariparisp. nov., Microcystina liratasp. nov., Microcystina oswaldbrakenisp. nov., Microcystina kilatsp. nov., Philalanka jambusanensissp. nov., Everettia microrhytidasp. nov., Everettia minutasp. nov., and Paralaoma sarawakensissp. nov.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Fulltext Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty for critical aortic stenosis in a 3.9-kg infant in Sabah

Ng L, Siva R, Mohd Zain S, Ooi M

Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019;2(101):13-14.

MyJurnal

Critical aortic stenosis (AS) is very severe narrowing at aortic valve in newborns, causing left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). It is lethal if not treated soon after birth.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

The First Report on Incidence of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Sabah, Borneo

Wong EHC, Tan HY, Dompok TM, Mohamad Ishak LA, Loong SP

ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec, 2021 06 18;83(4):258-262.

PMID: 34148048 DOI: 10.1159/000516597

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the fourth common cancer in Malaysia. A few studies have looked into the incidence of NPC in Malaysia in general, but there has been no published data on its incidence in Sabah specifically, where NPC is very common among the population. The aim of this study is to present the first report on the incidence of NPC in the state of Sabah, Borneo.

METHODS: Data of all patients diagnosed with NPC over a 5-year period from January 2015 to December 2019 inclusive were collected from the NPC registry of 3 main hospitals in Sabah. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) for different genders, ethnicities, and districts of origin were calculated.

RESULTS: 215 NPC patients were identified with a mean age at diagnosis of 49 (range 9-82). The ASR of NPC was 7.9/100,000 where the average age-adjusted male-to-female ratio was 2.4. The highest ASR was found in Dusun ethnicity in both male (3.19/100,000) and female (1.69/100,000) individuals, followed by Chinese (both genders), and Kadazan (for male individuals) and Bajau (for female individuals). The highest ASR was found in patients originating from Sandakan, Kota Kinabalu, Keningau, and Tawau.

CONCLUSION: This is the first report on the incidence of NPC in Sabah, Borneo. The data suggest high ASRs among the population, especially in male Dusun and Chinese ethnic groups. Further research looking into NPC in this state, especially on risk factors and ways to improve diagnosis and prevention among the population, is recommended.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Fulltext Studies on homalomeneae (araceae) of borneo v: a new species and new supergroup record, of homalomena from sabah, malaysian borneo

Sulaiman B, Boyce PC

Trop Life Sci Res, 2010 Dec;21(2):85-90.

PMID: 24575201 MyJurnal

Homalomena galbana Baharuddin S. & P.C. Boyce is described from the Maliau Basin Conservation Area, Sabah, representing the first species of the Homalomena Supergroup to be recorded from Sabah, and the first mesophytic species of the Supergroup to be described from Borneo. The species is illustrated and a brief discussion on the pollination role of interpistillar staminodes is presented.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Fulltext Topography shapes the structure, composition and function of tropical forest landscapes

Jucker T, Bongalov B, Burslem DFRP, Nilus R, Dalponte M, Lewis SL, et al.

Ecol Lett, 2018 07;21(7):989-1000.

PMID: 29659115 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12964

Topography is a key driver of tropical forest structure and composition, as it constrains local nutrient and hydraulic conditions within which trees grow. Yet, we do not fully understand how changes in forest physiognomy driven by topography impact other emergent properties of forests, such as their aboveground carbon density (ACD). Working in Borneo - at a site where 70-m-tall forests in alluvial valleys rapidly transition to stunted heath forests on nutrient-depleted dip slopes - we combined field data with airborne laser scanning and hyperspectral imaging to characterise how topography shapes the vertical structure, wood density, diversity and ACD of nearly 15 km2 of old-growth forest. We found that subtle differences in elevation - which control soil chemistry and hydrology - profoundly influenced the structure, composition and diversity of the canopy. Capturing these processes was critical to explaining landscape-scale heterogeneity in ACD, highlighting how emerging remote sensing technologies can provide new insights into long-standing ecological questions.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Fulltext A review of the sarawakensis species group of the ground beetle genus Orthogonius MacLeay, 1825 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Orthogoniini)

Tian M, Deuve T

Zookeys, 2016.

PMID: 27408560 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.594.8768

The sarawakensis species group of the termitophilous carabid genus Orthogonius MacLeay, 1825 is defined and reviewed. Members of this species group are distributed in Southeast Asia and represented by four species, including two new species: Orthogonius sabahicus sp. n. (Sabah, northern Borneo, Malaysia) and Orthogonius morvanianus sp. n. (southern Thailand). A key to all species of the species group is also provided.

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

A rural sanitation project in Sabah (North Borneo)

Barclay R

Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1966 Mar;60(1):5-10.

PMID: 5960109 DOI: 10.1080/00034983.1966.11686378

Matched MeSH terms: Borneo

Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 660 in total