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"Mummy, my eyelids are heavy": A case series of juvenile myasthenia gravis

Krishna L, Abdul Jalil NF, Lott PW, Singh S, Choo MM

Eur J Ophthalmol, 2021 Mar;31(2):NP119-NP122.
PMID: 31390886 DOI: 10.1177/1120672119867605

PURPOSE: To report three cases of juvenile myasthenia gravis aged between 18 and 24 months with ocular symptoms as their first presentation.
METHOD: A case series.
RESULTS: We present a case series of juvenile myasthenia gravis in a tertiary centre in Malaysia. Two of the three cases consist of a pair of twins who presented with ptosis of bilateral eyes; the first twin presented 4 months later than the second twin. These two cases were positive for anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies and had generalized myasthenia gravis, whereas the other case was negative for receptor antibodies and was purely ocular myasthenia gravis.
CONCLUSION: Juvenile myasthenia gravis is relatively rare in toddlers. Early diagnosis and commencement of treatment is important to slow the progression of the disease and avoiding life-threatening events.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"NO LOSS WITHOUT PROFIT" A STUDY IN MATERNAL MORTALITY

BROWNE AD

Med J Malaysia, 1963 Jun;17:306-15.
PMID: 14060509
Matched MeSH terms: Humans
Fulltext "Nature cures:" An alternative herbal formulation as a denture cleanser

Sushma R, Sathe TT, Farias A, Sanyal PK, Kiran S

Ann Afr Med, 2017;16(1):6-12.
PMID: 28300045 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_43_16

BACKGROUND: Candida albicans is one of the microorganisms which harbor the oral cavity, especially in elderly. However, the incidence of existence of this increases in patients using removable dental prosthesis. There is therefore a need to test the anticandidal efficacy of these cost-effective, easily available products to be used as routine denture cleansers.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES: (1) To evaluate antifungal properties of triphala churna on the heat cure denture base material. (2) To evaluate the antifungal effect of chlorhexidine gluconate on the heat cure denture base material. (3) To compare the antifungal effect of triphala churna and chlorhexidine gluconate with a control. (4) To evaluate which among triphala churna and chlorhexidine gluconate has a better antifungal property on the heat cure denture base material.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study population consisted of sixty dentures wearers from those attending the Outpatient Department of Prosthodontics of the School of Dentistry, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad. Swabs were collected from the dentures before and after the use of triphala and chlorhexidine. The swabs were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and the total Candida counts were determined.
CONCLUSION: Triphala as an antifungal is shown to have more efficacy than the conventional chlorhexidine mouthwash. Résumé Arrière-plan: Candida albicans est l'un des micro-organismes qui abritent la cavité buccale surtout chez les personnes âgées. Cependant, l'incidence de l'existence de cette augmentation chez les patients utilisant des prothèses dentaires amovibles. Il est donc nécessaire de tester l'efficacité anticancédique de ces produits rentables et faciles à utiliser pour être utilisés comme nettoyants de routine pour prothèses dentaires. Buts et Objectifs: (1) Évaluer les propriétés antifongiques de Triphala churna sur le matériau de base de la prothèse thermo-durcissable. (2) Évaluer l'effet antifongique du gluconate de chlorhexidine sur le matériau de base de la prothèse thermo-durcissable. (3) Comparer l'effet antifongique de Triphala churna et du gluconate de chlorhexidine avec un témoin. (4) Évaluer lequel parmi Triphala churna et le gluconate de chlorhexidine a une meilleure propriété antifongique sur le matériel de base de la prothèse de durcissement à chaud. Matériaux et Méthode: La population de l'étude était constituée de soixante porteurs de prothèses dentaires de ceux qui fréquentaient le Département de Prosthodontie de l'École des Sciences Dentaires de l'Institut Krishna des Sciences Médicales de l'Université de Karad. Des prélèvements ont été effectués sur les prothèses avant et après l'utilisation de Triphala et de chlorhexidine. On a cultivé les écouvillons sur de l'agar Sabouraud dextrose et on a déterminé le nombre total de candida.
CONCLUSION: Triphala comme un anti fongique est démontré pour avoir plus d'efficacité que le lavage de la bouche classique chlorhexidine.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"Nobody came to help": interviews with women convicted of filicide in Malaysia

Razali S, Fisher J, Kirkman M

Arch Womens Ment Health, 2019 02;22(1):151-158.
PMID: 29569042 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-018-0832-3

Although filicide is of serious concern, it is poorly understood in Malaysia. Our interviews with health and policy professionals revealed that they attribute responsibility for filicide to women's failure to comply with social norms and religious teachings. This research sought to understand the meaning of and background to filicide from the perspectives of women who have been convicted of filicide in Malaysia. In-depth interviews were conducted in person with all eligible and consenting women convicted of filicide and incarcerated in prisons or forensic psychiatric institutions. Women's accounts were translated into English and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis and interpreted using narrative theory. Interviews with nine women convicted of filicide yielded evidence that others were implicated in the crime but punished less severely, if at all, and that the women had experienced lifelong gender-based violence and marginalisation with minimal access to health and social care. These findings illuminate an inadequately understood phenomenon in Malaysia and reveal why existing strategies to reduce filicide, which reflect key stakeholders' views, have had little impact. They reveal the pervasive harm of violence against women and children and its link to filicide.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
Fulltext "Non-infectious" syndromes associated with infectious agents

Lim VKE

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Sep;55(3):389-97; quiz 398.
PMID: 11200726

Over the past two decades there has been numerous new associations between chronic diseases traditionally considered non-infectious with infectious agents. This list of diseases include peptic ulcer, coronary heart disease, neuropsychiatric disorders, haematological disorders and malignancies. These associations have been made possible through improvements in diagnostic tests based on molecular biology techniques. The discovery of these associations is important as it opens up exciting opportunities for the prevention and treatment of many diseases hitherto considered incurable.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"Once a Caesarean section"

Kuah KB

Med J Malaya, 1970 Sep;25(1):38-42.
PMID: 4249492
Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"Our Country Needs a Strong Leader Right Now": Economic Inequality Enhances the Wish for a Strong Leader

Sprong S, Jetten J, Wang Z, Peters K, Mols F, Verkuyten M, et al.

Psychol Sci, 2019 11;30(11):1625-1637.
PMID: 31566081 DOI: 10.1177/0956797619875472

Societal inequality has been found to harm the mental and physical health of its members and undermine overall social cohesion. Here, we tested the hypothesis that economic inequality is associated with a wish for a strong leader in a study involving 28 countries from five continents (Study 1, N = 6,112), a study involving an Australian community sample (Study 2, N = 515), and two experiments (Study 3a, N = 96; Study 3b, N = 296). We found correlational (Studies 1 and 2) and experimental (Studies 3a and 3b) evidence for our prediction that higher inequality enhances the wish for a strong leader. We also found that this relationship is mediated by perceptions of anomie, except in the case of objective inequality in Study 1. This suggests that societal inequality enhances the perception that society is breaking down (anomie) and that a strong leader is needed to restore order (even when that leader is willing to challenge democratic values).

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"PERSONALITY EVALUATION AS A PART OF MEDICAL HISTORY" (ANALYSIS OF THE CORNELL MEDICAL INDEX FORMS OF 213 PSYCHOLOGICALLY DISTRESSED STUDENTS)

KADRI ZN

Med J Malaysia, 1964 Sep;19:15-24.
PMID: 14240055
Matched MeSH terms: Humans
Fulltext "Personal mission statement": An analysis of medical students' and general practitioners' reflections on personal beliefs, values and goals in life

Chew BH, Lee PY, Ismail IZ

Malays Fam Physician, 2014;9(2):26-33.
PMID: 25893068

BACKGROUND: Personal mission in life can determine the motivation, happiness, career advancement and fulfilment in life of the medical students (MSs) along with improvement in professional/clinical performance of the family physicians. This study explored the personal beliefs, values and goals in the lives of MSs and general practitioners (GPs).
METHODS: Fourth-year MSs at the Universiti Putra Malaysia and GPs who participated in a 2-hour session on 'Ethics in Family Medicine' in 2012 were invited. All the participants submitted the post-session written reflections about their personal missions in life. The written reflections were analysed using thematic analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 87 MSs and 31 GPs submitted their written reflections. The authors identified 17 categories from the reflections contained by four themes-good vs. smart doctor, professional improvement vs. self-improvement, self-fulfilment and expressed motivation. The most common categories were "to be a good doctor" (97/330) and "professional improvement" (65/330). Many MSs had expressed motivation and wanted to be a smart doctor as compared to the GPs, whereas a larger number of GPs wished to have a fulfilled life and be a good doctor through professional improvement.
CONCLUSION: The difference between the two student groups might indicate different levels of maturity and life experiences. Medical teachers should engage students more effectively in orientating them towards the essential values needed in medical practice.
KEYWORDS: Concept formation; education; goals; medical; medical students general; practitioners; professional; values of life

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
Fulltext "Postpartum morbidity--what we can do"

Zainur RZ, Loh KY

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61(5):651-6.
PMID: 17623974

Postpartum is a crucial period for a mother. During this period a mother is going through the physiological process of uterine involution and at the same time adapting to her new role in the family. Many postpartum complications occur during this period. Among the important obstetric morbidities are postpartum hemorrhage, pregnancy related hypertension, pulmonary embolism and puerperal sepsis. Common surgical complications are wound breakdown, breast abscess and urinary fecal incontinence. Medical conditions such as anemia, headache, backache, constipation and sexual problems may also be present. Unrecognized postpartum disorders can lead to physical discomfort, psychological distress and a poor quality of life for the mothers. Providing quality postnatal care including earlier identification of the problems (correction) and proper intervention will help the mother to achieve full recovery and restore her functional status back to the pre-pregnancy state sooner.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"Pre-emptive strike"-the case for early treatment of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome with defibrotide

Rajagopal R, Phillips MB, Gottardo NG

Pediatr Blood Cancer, 2018 07;65(7):e27036.
PMID: 29537138 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27036

The initial signs of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) can be challenging to recognize in children, especially outside the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation setting. To assist clinicians to promptly identify HSOS, the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation has proposed pediatric HSOS diagnostic criteria which emphasize unexplained consumptive and transfusion-refractory thrombocytopenia. To highlight the importance of these "bellwether" early signs of HSOS and the efficacy of pre-emptive treatment with defibrotide, we describe the case of a child with a right 11th rib primitive neuroectodermal tumor who developed HSOS following focal radiotherapy and actinomycin-D treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"Preliminary report of the beneficial effect of chloromycetin in the treatment of typhoid fever"--a commentary

Basnyat B

Wilderness Environ Med, 2004;15(3):216-7.
PMID: 16331874
Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"REPORT ON THE OUTBREAK OF CHOLERA IN MALACCA, 1963 BY THE COMMITTEE OF ENQUIRY APPOINTED BY THE CABINET": A CRITICAL REVIEW

SANDOSHAM AA

Med J Malaysia, 1964 Jun;18:276-80.
PMID: 14199446
Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"Real-World" Evidence, Target Trial Emulation, and Randomized Clinical Trials-Which Data Should Clinicians Rely on When Choosing Antibiotics?

Paterson DL, Sulaiman HB

JAMA Netw Open, 2024 Jan 02;7(1):e2352250.
PMID: 38261324 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52250
Matched MeSH terms: Humans
Fulltext "Righting the wrongs": addressing human rights and gender equality through research since Cairo

Khosla R, Amin A, Allotey P, Barroso C, George A, Hardon A, et al.

Sex Reprod Health Matters, 2019 Dec;27(1):1676529.
PMID: 31746277 DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2019.1676529
Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"Savoring the Past, Nourishing the Present": Uncovering the Essence of Multicultural Mealtime Experiences in Senior Living Facilities

Chee SY

J Gerontol Soc Work, 2024 Apr;67(3):322-348.
PMID: 37786389 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2023.2264894

Mealtimes are crucial markers of daily schedules and hold significant meaning for older adults in senior living facilities worldwide, extending beyond the food served. Utilizing Moustakas' transcendental phenomenological approach, this study explores the lived experiences and multifaceted meanings of mealtimes for older adults from multicultural backgrounds in senior living facilities in Malaysia. In six urban senior living facilities, 28 older adults from Malaysia's three major ethnic groups, namely Bumiputera Malays, Chinese, and Indians were interviewed through semi-structured one-on-one interviews. Five discernible themes beyond tangible aspects emerged: mealtimes as cultural bridges, memories and palate, emotional bonds through food, quality control and consumption, and comfort through personalized dining experience. This study raises awareness among senior-living facilitators, family caregivers, academics, and policymakers to acknowledge the evident complexities of mealtimes for older adults living away from the comfort of familiarity. Future research should consider the active involvement of all stakeholders in co-creating and implementing interventions that enhance older adults' mealtime experiences in senior-friendly establishments.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"Serious" mental retardation in developing countries: an epidemiologic approach

Stein Z, Durkin M, Belmont L

Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1986;477:8-21.
PMID: 3468840

In this paper we first present methods and preliminary results of pilot surveys of "serious" mental retardation (IQ less than or equal to 55); the surveys included screening and diagnostic components and were carried out in the less-developed world. Next we discuss two problems raised by these surveys: one is the diagnosis of a case and its clinical dimensions, and the other is the interpretation of prevalence. In the next section we illustrate epidemiological approaches to the analysis of such data, in particular their relevance to prevention. Lastly, we propose that the two-stage survey approach developed in the course of the pilot work can provide a valuable basis for planning and prevention, if certain key conditions can be met.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
Fulltext "Sometimes I Feel Grateful…": Experiences of the Adolescent Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Malaysia

Chu SY, Kassim SNZB, Gan CH, Fierro V, Chan CMH, Hersh D

J Autism Dev Disord, 2023 Feb;53(2):795-807.
PMID: 34247302 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05184-5

Sibling relationships remain understudied in typically developing adolescents who have siblings with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study explored the lived experiences and perceptions of adolescents who have a brother or a sister with a diagnosis of ASD using semi-structured interviews. Using thematic analysis, the participants reported having difficulties communicating with their siblings. Feeling a mixture of emotions was common when interacting with their siblings with ASD and emotional self-regulation was a typical coping strategy utilized by these adolescents. Despite the challenges, having a sibling with ASD led to closer relationships between the siblings. These findings offer insights into these adolescents' needs and how they may be best supported, informing the practice of speech-language pathology and other health professions.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
"Stain in life": The meaning of urinary incontinence in the context of Muslim postmenopausal women through hermeneutic phenomenology

Hamid TA, Pakgohar M, Ibrahim R, Dastjerdi MV

Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2015 May-Jun;60(3):514-21.
PMID: 25662038 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.01.003

UI is a worldwide chronic condition among postmenopausal women. Little is known about the meaning of lived experiences of urinary incontinence of these women's viewpoints in their context.

Matched MeSH terms: Humans
Fulltext "Suiting Up" to Enhance Empathy Toward Aging: A Randomized Controlled Study

Lee SWH, Teh PL

Front Public Health, 2020;8:376.
PMID: 32984232 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00376

Background: Healthcare professionals who have a positive attitude and who are more empathetic toward older adults are in a better position to deliver quality healthcare. This study examines the impact of using an aging simulation suit on undergraduate pharmacy students' empathy levels.
Methods: One hundred and twenty first-year students enrolled in the Bachelor of Pharmacy course were randomized to either a medication review polypharmacy workshop (control) or an immersive aging simulation suit and medication review polypharmacy workshop (intervention). Intervention participants donned the aging suit and performed a series of tasks, including walking up a flight of stairs and filling up a form to simulate the physical limitations experienced by an older adult. The workshop was delivered at week 10 of semester. Both groups also completed a medication review polypharmacy workshop at week 12 of semester. The primary outcome was a measurement of change on the Jefferson Empathy Scale-Healthcare Professional Questionnaire among both groups at week 12 of semester. Secondary outcomes include the longitudinal impact of intervention after 3 months of the workshop and perceptions on learning.
Results: The use of a simulation suit did not increase participants' self-rated empathy compared to control. However, the suit enhanced the ability of participants to understand the physical limitations and visual issues associated with aging. Participants also felt that it enhanced their health advocacy, as it taught them the importance of listening, patience and respect for older adults.
Conclusion: The use of an immersive aging suit can be a useful adjunctive tool to help enhance students' understanding of the physical limitations and visual limitations of aging. Further research is needed to understand how these limitations affect other healthcare students. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04133727.
Study site: Monash University Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Humans

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