Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 821 in total

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  1. Fulltext Intramedullary cervical spine germinoma: a case report
    Ashraf S
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Apr;67(2):207-9.
    PMID: 22822645 MyJurnal
    Primary intramedullary germinoma arising in the cervical spinal cord is a very rare entity. We present one such case arising in a young man who presented with radiculopathy and myelopathy, which was partially excised. Upon histological confirmation, he was treated successfully with radiotherapy alone. To our knowledge, this is only the second reported case worldwide which is histologically confirmed. Although extremely rare, differential diagnosis for intramedullary spinal cord tumor should include germinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Spinal Cord Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  2. Fulltext Pleomorphic adenoma of the trachea
    Ashwaq AM, Sani A
    Med J Malaysia, 2007 Jun;62(2):162-3.
    PMID: 18705454 MyJurnal
    Primary tracheal tumors are very rare. Pleomorphic adenoma is rarely found in the trachea, despite being the most common histological form of salivary gland neoplasm. We present a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the trachea. Bronchoscopic excision using cold instruments resulted in apparently normal tracheal mucosa.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tracheal Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  3. Caveolin 1 (Cav-1) and actin-related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 1B (ARPC1B) expressions as prognostic indicators for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)
    Auzair LB, Vincent-Chong VK, Ghani WM, Kallarakkal TG, Ramanathan A, Lee CE, et al.
    Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 2016 Jul;273(7):1885-93.
    PMID: 26138391 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-015-3703-9
    Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and Actin-Related Protein 2/3 Complex, Subunit 1B (ARPC1B) have been implicated in various human cancers, yet its role in tumorigenesis remains controversial. Therefore, this study aims to determine the protein expression of these two genes in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and to evaluate the clinical and prognostic impact of these genes in OSCC. Protein expressions of these two genes were determined by immunohistochemistry technique. The association between Cav-1 and ARPC1B with clinico-pathological parameters was evaluated by Chi-square test (or Fisher exact test where appropriate). Correlation between the protein expressions of these 2 genes with survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models. Cav-1 and ARPC1B were found to be significantly over-expressed in OSCC compared to normal oral mucosa (p = 0.002 and p = 0.033, respectively). Low level of ARPC1B protein expression showed a significant correlation with lymph node metastasis (LNM) (p = 0.010) and advanced tumor staging (p = 0.003). Kaplan-Meier survival analyses demonstrated that patients with over-expression of Cav-1 protein were associated with poor prognosis (p = 0.030). Adjusted multivariate Cox regression model revealed that over-expression of Cav-1 remained as an independent significant prognostic factor for OSCC (HRR = 2.700, 95 % CI 1.013-7.198, p = 0.047). This study demonstrated that low-expression of ARPC1B is significantly associated with LNM and advanced tumor staging whereas high expression of Cav-1 can be a prognostic indicator for poor prognosis in OSCC patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis
  4. Fulltext Assessing oral cancer knowledge and awareness among Malaysian dental and medical students
    Awan KH, Khang TW, Yee TK, Zain RB
    J Cancer Res Ther, 2014 Oct-Dec;10(4):903-7.
    PMID: 25579526 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.138011
    BACKGROUND:
    Oral cancer is a foremost health dilemma in several regions of the world. General dental practitioners and general medical practitioners play a major role in recognition of oral mucosal changes that may lead to malignancy. Their knowledge in oral cancer itself and the risk factors associated with the disease need to be sufficient.

    OBJECTIVE:
    The objective of the present study was to investigate awareness and knowledge of undergraduate dental and medical students in early detection and prevention of oral cancer.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS:
    Dental and medical students were invited to participate by answering a questionnaire on their habits of the oral mucosa examination and history taking, knowledge on risk factors and changes related with oral cancer, referral of patients as well as their desire to receive further information on oral cancer. Chi-square test was carried out to analyze knowledge and awareness between undergraduate dental and medical students.

    RESULTS:
    Undergraduate dental students were more likely to examine oral mucosa (96.7%) and advice risk habits to patients (93.9%) compared to medical students (60.6% and 79.8% respectively). Significantly more dental students considered smoking (84.4%), betel quid chewing (76.1%), and alcohol drinking (35%) as risk factors. Clinical changes of oral cancer were better identified by dental students (leukoplakia-52.8%, erythroplakia-45%, and non-healing ulcer-40%) compared to medical students (leukoplakia-12.9%, erythroplakia-4.6%, and non-healing ulcer-10.3%). Both dental and medicals students reported the desire to receive further information in relation to oral cancer.

    CONCLUSION:
    Dental students have better knowledge and awareness in prevention and early detection of oral cancer compared to medical students.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  5. Gleason scores in prostate needle biopsy and prostatectomy specimens in prostatic adenocarcinoma: A correlation study
    Awang A, Md Isa N, Yunus R, Azhar Shah S, Md Pauzi SH
    Malays J Pathol, 2019 Dec;41(3):253-257.
    PMID: 31901909
    INTRODUCTION: Gleason scoring (GS) categorised prostatic adenocarcinoma into five prognostic grade groups (PGGs); associated with different prognosis and treatment. This study aims to correlate between Gleason scores of needle biopsies with the corresponding total prostatectomy specimens, and to assess the relationship between the percentage of Gleason 4 tumour pattern (GP4) within Gleason score 7 (GS7) needle biopsy groups with the pathological staging.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-eight specimens of needle prostate biopsy and its subsequent radical prostatectomy were retrospectively studied. The GSs of the needle biopsy were compared with the corresponding prostatectomy specimens. The percentage of GP4 in GS7 needle biopsy groups was calculated and correlated with the pathological staging.

    RESULTS: More than half (60%) of GS 6 needle biopsy cases (PGG 1) were upgraded in the prostatectomy specimen, while the majority (80%) of the GS7 needle biopsy groups (PGG 2 and 3) remain unchanged. Cohen's Kappa shows fair agreement in the Gleason scoring between needle biopsies and prostatectomy specimens, K = 0.324 (95% CI, 6.94 to 7.29), p <0.0005 and in the percentage of GP4 in GS7 needle biopsy groups and their corresponding radical prostatectomy specimens, K = 0.399 (95% CI 34.2 - 49.2), p<0.0005. A significant relationship was seen between the percentage of GP4 in GS7 needle biopsy with the pT and pN stage of its radical prostatectomy (p = 0.008 and p=0.001 respectively).

    CONCLUSION: A higher percentage of GP4 in GS7 tumour is associated with worse tumour behaviour, therefore it is crucial for clinicians to realise this in deciding the optimal treatment.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis
  6. Fulltext Surgical experience with cardiac tumours at the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur
    Awang Y, Sallehuddin A
    Med J Malaysia, 1991 Mar;46(1):28-34.
    PMID: 1836035
    Fifteen patients underwent surgery for cardiac tumours in General Hospital Kuala Lumpur between October 1984 and June 1989. Twelve of the patients had cardiac myxomas and underwent excision under cardiopulmonary bypass. Two patients had sarcoma, of which one was excised. The other was inoperable. Another patient had a metastalic malignant melanoma which was inoperable. Of the patients 10 were female and five male. Their ages ranged from 16 to 60 years. All were symptomatic and the commonest mode of presentation was exertional dyspnoea and palpitations. Two presented with cerebral embolisation. The three patients with malignant tumours had constitutional symptoms at the time of surgery. All patients had echocardiography pre-operatively to confirm the diagnosis of cardiac tumour. Only one patient underwent preoperative cardiac catheterisation and angiography. The surgical approach in all patients was through a median sternotomy and all except one were operated under cardiopulmonary bypass. There was no intraoperative embolisation. There was one perioperative death. Fourteen patients were followed up for periods ranging from one to 44 months. Three patients with malignant cardiac tumours died. One had recurrence of myxoma 21 months after the initial surgery. We conclude that excision of cardiac myxomas carry a very small risk following which patients have good prognosis. Malignant tumours carry a bad prognosis. From our experience, we conclude that echocardiography is an extremely accurate tool in the diagnosis of cardiac tumours.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Neoplasms/diagnosis
  7. Fulltext Renal cell carcinoma in a von Hippel-Lindau syndrome: when should phaeochromocytoma be anticipated?
    Azarisman SM, Nor Azmi K
    Singapore Med J, 2007 Aug;48(8):779-82.
    PMID: 17657389
    A 39-year-old man was diagnosed with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, which was associated with retinal haemangioblastoma, cervical cord haemangioblastoma and bilateral renal cell carcinoma. He subsequently underwent an arterial embolisation and cervical laminectomy, following a spinal angiogram of the cervical lesion. He also had a right radical nephrectomy, with no perioperative complications. However, on admission for the left radical nephrectomy, he was noted to have preoperative hypertension. Further investigation revealed an enlarged left adrenal gland on abdominal computed tomography scan and raised urinary catecholamines. We discuss the risk of renal cell carcinoma and phaeochromocytoma arising concomitantly in von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, and how best to investigate and manage them.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis
  8. Fulltext Knowledge, attitude and behavior of healthcare providers towards breast cancer in Malaysia: a systematic review
    Azeem E, Gillani SW, Siddiqui A, Shammary H A A, Poh V, Syed Sulaiman SA, et al.
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2015;16(13):5233-5.
    PMID: 26225658
    Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Malaysia. Therefore, it is highly important for the public to be educated on breast cancer and to know the steps to detect it early on. Healthcare providers are in the prime position to provide such education to the public due to their high knowledge regarding health and their roles in healthcare. The present systematic review involved studies conducted in recent years to analyze the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of Malaysian healthcare providers regarding breast cancer, in attempts to obtain an overall picture of how well equipped our healthcare providers are to provide optimal breast cancer education, and to see their perceptions and actual involvement in said education. The systematic review was conducted via a primary search of various databases and journal websites, and a secondary search of references used by eligible studies. Criteria for eligibility included being published from the year 2008 till present, being conducted in Malaysia, and being written in the English language. A total of two studies were eligible for this review. Findings show that Malaysian future and current healthcare providers have moderate knowledge on breast cancer, have a positive towards involvement of breast cancer education, but have poor actual involvement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
  9. A low cost solution for post-biopsy complications using available RFA generator and coaxial core biopsy needle
    Azlan CA, Mohd Nasir NF, Saifizul AA, Faizul MS, Ng KH, Abdullah BJ
    Australas Phys Eng Sci Med, 2007 Dec;30(4):288-91.
    PMID: 18274069
    Percutaneous image-guided needle biopsy is typically performed in highly vascular organs or in tumours with rich macroscopic and microscopic blood supply. The main risks related to this procedure are haemorrhage and implantation of tumour cells in the needle tract after the biopsy needle is withdrawn. From numerous conducted studies, it was found that heating the needle tract using alternating current in radiofrequency (RF) range has a potential to minimize these effects. However, this solution requires the use of specially designed needles, which would make the procedure relatively expensive and complicated. Thus, we propose a simple solution by using readily available coaxial core biopsy needles connected to a radiofrequency ablation (RFA) generator. In order to do so, we have designed and developed an adapter to interface between these two devices. For evaluation purpose, we used a bovine liver as a sample tissue. The experimental procedure was done to study the effect of different parameter settings on the size of coagulation necrosis caused by the RF current heating on the subject. The delivery of the RF energy was varied by changing the values for delivered power, power delivery duration, and insertion depth. The results showed that the size of the coagulation necrosis is affected by all of the parameters tested. In general, the size of the region is enlarged with higher delivery of RF power, longer duration of power delivery, and shallower needle insertion and become relatively constant after a certain value. We also found that the solution proposed provides a low cost and practical way to minimizes unwanted post-biopsy effects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Neoplasms/diagnosis
  10. Fulltext Isolated late chest wall recurrence after mastectomy for breast cancer
    Azrif M, Saladina JJ, Nani ML, Shahrunniza AS, Norlia A, Rohaizak M
    Med J Malaysia, 2011 Aug;66(3):255-6.
    PMID: 22111452 MyJurnal
    An isolated late chest wall recurrence after mastectomy for breast cancer is rare. We present a case of a lady with a T2N1M0 right breast cancer who developed an isolated local recurrence on the chest wall 11 years after mastectomy. Staging investigations excluded distant metastases. She underwent an excisional biopsy and was started on an aromatase inhibitor. Radiotherapy was given to the chest wall followed by a boost to the site of excision. Although most chest wall recurrences fare poorly, a favourable subgroup can be identified and should be treated aggressively in a multidisciplinary approach.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thoracic Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  11. Plexiform schwannoma of the clitoris in a young girl: a case report
    Azurah AG, Grover S, McGregor D
    J Reprod Med, 2013 Jul-Aug;58(7-8):365-8.
    PMID: 23947092
    Schwannoma (neurilemoma) is a benign, slow-growing tumor of the nerve sheath. These tumors are rarely found in the female genitalia and to date only 1 case of clitoral schwannoma has been reported in a young girl. We report here the second case of schwannoma of the clitoris.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vulvar Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  12. Fulltext Health Literacy, Knowledge on Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear and Its Influence on Pre-Marital Malay Muslim Women Attitude towards Pap Smear
    Baharum NN, Ariffin F, Isa MR, Tin ST
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2020 Jul 01;21(7):2021-2028.
    PMID: 32711428 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.7.2021
    BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is preventable. In Malaysia, women are found to have good awareness of the disease and yet, the Pap smear uptake is still poor. Measuring health literacy level could explain this discrepancy. This study aims to determine the relationship between health literacy, level of knowledge of cervical cancer and Pap smear with attitude towards Pap smear among women attending pre-marital course.

    METHODS: A cross sectional study was performed in three randomly selected centres that organised pre-marital courses. All Malay Muslim women participants aged 18 to 40 years old were recruited while non-Malaysian, illiterate, and had hysterectomy were excluded. Validated self-administered questionnaires used were European Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16 Malay) and Knowledge and attitude towards Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Questionnaire. The mean percentage score (mean± SD) was calculated, with higher scores showed better outcomes. Multiple linear regression was used to measure the relationship of independent variables with attitude towards Pap smear.

    RESULTS: A total of 417 participants were recruited with a mean age of 24.9 ± 3.56 years old. Prevalence of awareness of cervical cancer was 91.6% (n=382, 95% CI: 89.0%, 94.2%) and mean percentage score was 74.7%±7.6. Prevalence of awareness of Pap smear was 59.0% (n=246, 95% CI: 54.2%, 63.8%) and mean percentage score was 80.2% ± 6.5. The health literacy mean score was 13.3±3.6, with minimum score 0 and maximum score 16. The mean percentage score of attitudes towards Pap smear was 64.8%±9.3. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated significant relationship between health literacy (p=0.047) and knowledge of Pap smear (p<0.001) with attitude towards Pap smear.

    CONCLUSION: A higher health literacy with high knowledge of Pap smear improves the attitude towards Pap smear. Pre-marital course is an opportunistic platform to disseminate information to improve health literacy and knowledge of cervical cancer and Pap smear screening.

    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis
  13. Exploring the knowledge of nasopharyngeal carcinoma among medical doctors at primary health care level in Perak state, Malaysia
    Balachandran R, Philip R, Avatar S, Simon R, Mann GS, Benedict CT, et al.
    Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 2012 Feb;269(2):649-58.
    PMID: 21691719 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-011-1665-0
    Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is among the commonest cancers in Malaysia. The prognosis for NPC like most other head and neck cancer is dependent on its staging. Majority of patients in Malaysia at the time of diagnosis are either at stage III or IV (27 and 47%, respectively). The lack of knowledge among primary care medical doctors regarding NPC may contribute to this delay in diagnosis. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of the primary care doctors in the state of Perak on the various aspects of NPC. The doctors at the primary care level in the state of Perak were recruited to take part in this study on a voluntary basis. A total number of 154 out of 198 doctors participated in this survey. They were given a questionnaire to fill in to test their knowledge on different aspects of NPC and its treatment. The overall respondents' score was poor with a score of 67.5% on all sections. The doctors appear to be able to identify common presenting features of NPC with a mean score of 85.3% but for the uncommon presentations of NPC, the scores were poorer with 61.8%. In addition, 54.1% of the participants answered that they would refer a patient with symptoms suspicious of NPC after a period of 1 month from the onset of symptom. However, only 34% would refer within 2 weeks. Based on the results of this study, the authors feel that it is clear that the doctors posted in the primary care hospitals and clinics appear to have inadequate knowledge to diagnose and refer patients with suspected NPC. As early diagnosis can often lead to a better prognostic outcome, steps must be taken to raise the awareness among these doctors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  14. Fulltext Haemangiopericytoma of the oropharynx
    Balakrishnan R, Abdul-Razak HA, Jaspal S, Subramanian S, Shaharyar AM
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Dec;63(5):413-4.
    PMID: 19803304 MyJurnal
    Haemangiopericytoma (HPC) is a rare vascular tumor arising from the pericytes of Zimmermann and is characterized by its unpredictable and variable biological behavior. These tumors are common in the trunk and the extremities and less than 16% of the cases occur in the head & neck region. Its occurrence in the oral cavity and pharynx is uncommon. We report an extremely rare case of haemangiopericytoma of the oropharynx arising from the tonsillo-lingual sulcus as a pedunculated mass, which was successfully excised perorally after a preliminary tracheostomy. No recurrence has been noted on a follow-up of more than six years.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  15. Wire guided localisation for targeted axillary node dissection is accurate in axillary staging in node positive breast cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy
    Balasubramanian R, Morgan C, Shaari E, Kovacs T, Pinder SE, Hamed H, et al.
    Eur J Surg Oncol, 2020 06;46(6):1028-1033.
    PMID: 31879050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.12.007
    AIM: This study investigated whether wire localisation of the histologically proven positive, clipped axillary lymph node (ALN) with subsequent targeted axillary dissection (TAD) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) improves axillary staging in breast cancer.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of patients with primary breast cancer and core biopsy proven metastatic ALNs, that had an excellent nodal radiological response following NACT, treated at our centre between January 2016 and December 2018. The initial cohort of patients (Group 1) underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), with a minimum of three nodes were sampled. The subsequent cohort (Group 2) had a marker clip inserted in the metastatic ALN prior to NACT. This cohort underwent wire guided excision of the clipped node in addition to SLNB, with a minimum of three nodes sampled.

    RESULTS: A total of 47 patients were identified. Group 1 comprised 22 patients with a sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification rate (IR) of 95%. 25 patients (Group 2) underwent wire guided clip location and the SLN IR was 100% with a 92% clipped node IR. Evidence of pathological complete response (pCR) in the clipped node was associated with pCR in other nodes.

    CONCLUSION: Targeted axillary dissection is a feasible technique following excellent response to NACT in selected patients with limited volume ALN metastasis, at diagnosis. The identification of the positive ALN during surgery is vital and the IR can be improved by clipping the node prior to NACT and wire guided localisation at the time of surgery.

    Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
  16. Fulltext Perceived susceptibility, and cervical cancer screening benefits and barriers in malaysian women visiting outpatient clinics
    Baskaran P, Subramanian P, Rahman RA, Ping WL, Mohd Taib NA, Rosli R
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2013;14(12):7693-9.
    PMID: 24460355
    AIMS: A main reason for increasing incidence of cervical cancer worldwide is the lack of regular cervical cancer screening. Coverage and uptake remain major challenges and it is crucial to determine the perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer, as well as the benefits of, and barriers to, cervical cancer screening among women.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 369 women attending an outpatient centre in Malaysia and data were collected by administering a self-report questionnaire.

    RESULTS: The majority of the participants (265, 71.8%) showed good level of perception of their susceptibility to cervical cancer. Almost all responded positively to four statements about the perceived benefits of cervical cancer screening (agree, 23.1% or strongly agree, 52.5%), whereas negative responses were received from most of the participants (agree, 29.9%or strongly agree, 14.6 %) about the eleven statements on perceived barriers. Significant associations were observed between age and perceived susceptibility(x2=9.030, p=0.029); between employment status (p<0.001) as well as ethnicity and perceived benefits (p<0.05 [P=0.003]); and between education and perceived barriers to cervical cancer screening (p<0.001).

    CONCLUSIONS: Perceived susceptibility, including knowledge levels and personal risk assessment, should be emphasized through education and awareness campaigns to improve uptake of cervical cancer screening in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  17. Salivary gland anlage tumour of the nasopharynx: A case report and review for histopathological characteristics
    Başak K, Günhan Ö, Akbulut S, Aydin S
    Malays J Pathol, 2019 Dec;41(3):345-350.
    PMID: 31901920
    INTRODUCTION: Congenital salivary gland anlage tumour of the nasopharynx is a lesion which usually presents with nasal and upper respiratory tract obstruction in the neonatal period. Timely diagnosis is essential to prevent the occurrence of respiratory complications in later childhood.

    CASE REPORT: We present a 8-year-old boy complaining from difficulty in breathing and breastfeeding in the neonatal period due to an adenoid-like nasopharyngeal mass. Histological examination revealed solid and cystic squamous nests and numerous duct-like structures within collagenised stroma. Both epithelial and myoepithelial differentiation were noted in the tubular component.

    DISCUSSION: A review of the clinical and histopathological features of published cases revealed that ancient lesions showed more prominent and complex epithelial component and more collagen rich stroma. We would like to suggest the possibility of salivary gland anlage tumour to be considered in the differential diagnosis of neonatal respiratory distress cases.

    Matched MeSH terms: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis; Salivary Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis
  18. Knowledge, perception, practice and barriers of breast cancer health promotion activities among community pharmacists in two Districts of Selangor state, Malaysia
    Beshir SA, Hanipah MA
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2012;13(9):4427-30.
    PMID: 23167355
    Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women in Malaysia. Despite the campaigns undertaken to raise the awareness of the public regarding breast cancer, breast cancer screening rates are still low in the country. The community pharmacist, as one of the most accessible healthcare practitioners, could play a role in the provision of breast cancer health promotion services to the community. However, there are no documented data regarding the community pharmacists' involvement in breast cancer related health promotion activities. Hence, this study was conducted to examine self-reported knowledge, practice and perception of community pharmacists on provision of breast cancer health promotion services and to investigate the barriers that limit their involvement. This cross-sectional survey conducted between May to September 2010, included a sample of 35 community pharmacists working in the districts of Hulu Langat and Sepang in state of Selangor. A 22-item validated questionnaire that included both closed and Lickert scale questions was used to interview those pharmacists who gave their informed consent to participate in the study. The data was analysed using SPSS. Only 11.3% of the community pharmacists answered all the questions on the knowledge section correctly. The mean overall knowledge of the community pharmacists on risk factors of breast cancer and screening recommendations is 56%. None of the respondents was currently involved in breast cancer health promotion activities. Lack of time (80%), lack of breast cancer educational materials (77.1%) and lack of training (62.9%) were the top three mentioned barriers. Despite these barriers, 94.3% (33) of the community pharmacists agreed that they should be involved in breast cancer health promotion activities. Hence, there is need to equip community pharmacists with necessary training and knowledge to enable them to contribute their share towards prevention and screening of breast cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  19. Multiple clustered dermatofibroma presenting in a segmental distribution
    Bhabha FK, Magee J, Ng SY, Grills CE, Su J, Orchard D
    Australas J Dermatol, 2016 Feb;57(1):e20-2.
    PMID: 25557526 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12257
    Multiple dermatofibromas is a rare entity consisting of more than fifteen lesions. Multiple clustered dermatofibroma is a distinct variant of multiple dermatofibromas and is defined as a well-demarcated plaque composed of individual dermatofibromas. We report a 16-year-old boy with multiple clustered dermatofibroma in a segmental distribution, which has previously not been reported in the literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis
  20. Fulltext Gradually implemented new biomarkers for prognostication of breast cancer: complete case analysis may introduce bias
    Bhoo Pathy N, Uiterwaal CS, Taib NA, Verkooijen HM, Yip CH
    J Clin Epidemiol, 2012 May;65(5):568-71.
    PMID: 22269329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.09.013
    Many recent studies investigated the prognostic value of new biomarkers in breast cancer using data from cancer registries. Some of these studies were conducted using only patients for whom biomarker status was available (or tested). Using human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) as an example, we determined whether testing for a recently introduced biomarker was associated with the outcome of women with breast cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis*
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