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Knowledge and attitudes about HPV infection, HPV vaccination, and cervical cancer among rural southeast Asian women

Wong LP

Int J Behav Med, 2011 Jun;18(2):105-11.
PMID: 20524163 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-010-9104-y

BACKGROUND: The incidence of cervical cancer in developing countries is high and even higher among women in rural areas in these countries.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge and attitudes towards human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV vaccination, and cervical cancer among young women in rural settings in a Southeast Asia country.
METHODS: A convenience sample of ethnically diverse young rural women in Malaysia was surveyed. Participants were interviewed using a standard questionnaire.
RESULTS: Among the participants (N = 449), knowledge of HPV, HPV vaccination, cervical screening, and cervical cancer risk factors was extremely poor. The mean total knowledge score (14 items) was 2.37 (SD ± 1.97). Although many had never heard of the newly released HPV vaccine, two-thirds professed an intention to receive the HPV vaccine. Intention to receive the vaccine was significantly associated with knowledge of cervical screening and cervical cancer risk factors (OR 1.17; 95% CI 1.03-1.33; P = 0.013). Reasons for vaccine refusal were doubts about safety and efficacy of the new vaccine (27.4%), perceived embarrassment at receiving an STI vaccine (20.7%), and perception of not being at risk of HPV infection (20.0%).
CONCLUSIONS: Providing HPV education to the rural residents is a high priority.

Matched MeSH terms: Women
Fulltext Association between Perceived Oral Symptoms and Presence of Clinically Diagnosed Oral Diseases in a Sample of Pregnant Women in Malaysia

Yunita Sari E, Saddki N, Yusoff A

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020 10 08;17(19).
PMID: 33049972 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197337

The integration of oral health into primary health care denotes the important role of medical counterparts as the front liners in antenatal care to help screen mothers for oral symptoms and refer them to dentists accordingly. However, the validity of self-perceived oral health status is inconclusive. This study determined the association between self-perceived oral symptoms and the presence of clinically diagnosed oral diseases in a sample of pregnant women. A total of 192 pregnant women participated in this cross-sectional study. Clinical oral examinations were performed to record dental caries experience, gingival health and periodontal health. The women were also asked about their oral symptoms. Most women had at least one oral symptom (84.9%): cavitated tooth (62.0%), bad breath (38.5%), bleeding gums (28.6%), and toothache (22.9%). About half of the women had untreated dental caries (58.9%), and the odds were significantly higher in women who complained of having cavitated tooth. About half of the women had moderate to severe gingivitis (53.7%), and the odds were significantly higher in women who complained of bleeding gums. About half had periodontal pockets (46.3%), and the odds were higher in women who complained of bleeding gums and bad breath although lower in women who complained of swollen gums. In conclusion, the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease among pregnant women in this study were relatively high. The presence of untreated dental caries, moderate and severe gingivitis, and periodontal pockets were significantly associated with their corresponding oral symptoms.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnant Women
Fulltext Protocol of a Single-Blind Two-Arm (Waitlist Control) Parallel-Group Randomised Controlled Pilot Feasibility Study for mHealth App among Incontinent Pregnant Women

Jaffar A, Mohd Sidik S, Foo CN, Muhammad NA, Abdul Manaf R, Fadhilah Ismail SI, et al.

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 04 30;18(9).
PMID: 33946203 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094792

BACKGROUND: The delivery of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) through mHealth apps has been shown to produce promising results in improving pelvic floor muscle strength and urinary incontinence (UI). However, there is limited evidence on mHealth apps designed for pregnant women who are at high risk of developing UI. This pilot study aims to evaluate the feasibility of conducting an effectiveness trial for a newly developed PFMT app among pregnant women in Malaysia.
METHODS: This is a prospective, single-centre, single-blind, randomised controlled pilot feasibility study: The Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training app (KEPT-app) Trial. Sixty-four incontinent pregnant women who attended one primary care clinic for the antenatal follow-up will be recruited and randomly assigned to either intervention or waitlist control group. The intervention group will receive the intervention, the KEPT-app developed from the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) theory with Persuasive Technology and Technology Acceptance Model.
DISCUSSION: This study will provide a fine-tuning for our future randomised control study on the recruitment feasibility methods, acceptability, feasibility, and usability of the KEPT-app, and the methods to reduce the retention rates among pregnant women with UI.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 19 February 2021 (NCT04762433) and is not yet recruiting.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnant Women
Fulltext Prevalence, Knowledge and Awareness of Pelvic Floor Disorder among Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Centre, Malaysia

Nur Farihan M, Ng BK, Phon SE, Nor Azlin MI, Nur Azurah AG, Lim PS

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Jul 07;19(14).
PMID: 35886170 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148314

Pelvic floor disorders are common and of concern, as the majority of maternity healthcare providers seldom discuss this issue with patients compared to other antenatal issues. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and to assess the knowledge and awareness of pelvic floor disorder (PFD) among pregnant women in a tertiary centre in Malaysia. We also aim to assess the association between women’s risk factors regarding their knowledge and awareness of pelvic floor disorder so that primary prevention strategies can be planned, initiated and implemented in the future. This is a cross-sectional study with a total of four hundred twenty-four pregnant women that were recruited over a 6-month duration from May to November 2017 in a tertiary centre in Malaysia. The Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) was used to evaluate pelvic floor distress symptoms during pregnancy, namely urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and faecal incontinence. A validated Prolapse and Incontinence Knowledge Questionnaire (PIKQ), which consists of 24 items, was used to assess respondents’ knowledge about urinary incontinence (UI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). A total of 450 participants were approached, but 424 participants agreed to participate, showing a response rate of 94.3%. The median age was 31.5 years old, and 33.3% were primiparity. Overall, 46.1% of pregnant women had at least one symptom of pelvic floor disorder during pregnancy. Of these, 62.3% experienced urinary incontinence, 41.1% experienced symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse, and 37.8% experienced symptoms of faecal incontinence. The overall median score of PIKQ was 12.0 (8.0, 17.0). The median score for PIKQ—UI was 7.0 (5.0, 9.0) and the median score for PIKQ—POP was 6.0 (4.0, 8.0). There were 341 (80.4%) pregnant women that had a low level of knowledge in UI, and 191 (45.0%) had a low level of knowledge in POP. Having a tertiary level of education and receiving antenatal specialist care were both associated with better proficiency in both the PIKQ—UI (p < 0.001) and PIKQ—POP (p < 0.001) subscales. Pelvic floor disorder during pregnancy was common. A knowledge of pelvic floor disorder was lacking among pregnant women in this study. Having a tertiary education and receiving antenatal specialist care were both associated with better knowledge proficiency. This study hopefully serves as a basic platform for future educational programs to bridge the knowledge gaps in PFD among pregnant women.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnant Women
Factors associated with dietary glycemic index and glycemic load in pregnant women and risk for gestational diabetes mellitus

Hasbullah FY, Mohd Yusof BN, Shariff ZM, Rejali Z, Yong HY, Mitri J

Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2020 Jun;71(4):516-524.
PMID: 31686557 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1686752

The risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases during the second trimester of pregnancy. However, the role of dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) on GDM risk is controversial. We aimed to determine the association of established risk factors of GDM with GI and GL among healthy pregnant women, and whether GI and GL were subsequently related to GDM risk. Dietary GI and GL were assessed in healthy pregnant women from the Seremban Cohort Study using a food frequency questionnaire. After adjusting for energy intake, high GI was significantly associated with lower household income, shorter stature, higher proportion of carbohydrate intake, lower sugar proportion and lower fibre intake. High GL was significantly associated with younger maternal age, higher carbohydrate proportion and lower fibre intake. GI and GL intakes were not significantly associated with GDM risk. However, they were associated with a few established risk factors of GDM.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnant Women
Fulltext Risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results of a web-based multinational cross-sectional study

Kajdy A, Sys D, Pokropek A, Shaw SW, Chang TY, Calda P, et al.

Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2023 Jan;160(1):167-186.
PMID: 35932096 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14388

OBJECTIVE: To assess risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic using Mind-COVID, a prospective cross-sectional study that compares outcomes in middle-income economies and high-income economies.
METHODS: A total of 7102 pregnant women from 12 high-income economies and nine middle-income economies were included. The web-based survey used two standardized instruments, General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).
RESULT: Pregnant women in high-income economies reported higher PHQ-9 (0.18 standard deviation [SD], P women more vulnerable during these difficult times. Adequate partner and family support during pregnancy and childbirth can be one of the most important protective factors against anxiety and depression, regardless of national economic status.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnant Women/psychology
Illegal abortion: an attempt to assess its cost to the health services and its incidence in the community

Figà-Talamanca I, Sinnathuray TA, Yusof K, Fong CK, Palan VT, Adeeb N, et al.

Int J Health Serv, 1986;16(3):375-89.
PMID: 3733306

This article describes a study designed to test a method for assessing the cost to the health services of illegally induced abortion and the feasibility of estimating the incidence of induced abortion by a field interviewing approach. The participating centers included three hospitals in Ankara, Turkey; three hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria; one hospital in Caracas and one in Valencia, Venezuela; and two hospitals in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Hospitalized abortion cases were classified as induced or spontaneous or as "probably induced," "possibly induced," or "unknown" according to a classification scheme comprising certain medical criteria. The sociodemographic characteristics of induced and spontaneous abortion cases were subjected to discriminant function analysis and the discriminating variables best characterizing the induced versus the spontaneous abortion groups were identified for each center. On the basis of this analysis, the "probably" and "possibly" induced and "unknown" categories were further classified as induced or spontaneous abortion, with stated probabilities. Thus an overall estimate is made of the proportion of all hospitalized abortions that can be considered illegally induced outside the hospital. Selected results on costs of induced and spontaneous abortion are shown. The method further tested the feasibility of obtaining valid survey data on abortion from the communities studied by re-interviewing the women hospitalized for induced and spontaneous abortion six months later in their homes. This exercise showed a degree of under-reporting of abortion that varied widely among centers, even among women who had admitted illegal induction at the time of hospitalization. The feasibility of estimating the incidence of illegal abortion by field studies is discussed in the light of these findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnant Women
Impact of cancer on psychosexuality: cultural perspectives of Asian women

Khoo SB

Int J Nurs Pract, 2009 Dec;15(6):481-8.
PMID: 19958401 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01797.x

Cancers and related treatments have devastating effects on psychosexual life of patients. This study helps us to understand the cultural perspectives of 50 Asian women diagnosed with cancer. Median age was 50+ years. Median duration of time from diagnosis to interview was 23 months. Thirty-eight per cent stopped sex before illness, 36% stopped sex completely whereas 18% stopped gradually after diagnosis; 8% continued to have sex till time of interview. Overall, 70% were living with spouse but not engaged in sexual intercourse; 31.4% slept in different room, 48.6% slept in the same room but without any form of sexual contact. Thirty-eight per cent believed sexual activity could cause cancer recurrence, and 30% believed cancer could be sexually transmitted. Eighty-two per cent reported acceptance of changes to physical appearance. Approximately 70-86% did not discuss sexuality with their doctor or spouse; 90% agreed doctors should ask about psychosexual issues on a routine basis. Approximately 74.4% reported good cooperation from spouse. Cultural beliefs of Asians pose as barriers to providing and receiving psychosexual affection between women diagnosed with cancer and their spouse. However, these beliefs also serve as protective factors in their mutual acceptance of change in psychosexual activities. Health-care professionals need to be sensitive to the vast cultural differences in psychosexual expressions and needs of women diagnosed with cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Women/psychology*
Female labour force participation and fertility

Concepcion MB

Int Labour Rev, 1974;109(5-6):503-17.
PMID: 12307194
Matched MeSH terms: Women*; Women's Rights*
Fulltext Spousal communication on family planning and perceived social support for contraceptive practices in a sample of Malaysian women

Najafi-Sharjabad F, Rahman HA, Hanafiah M, Syed Yahya SZ

Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res, 2014 Feb;19(7 Suppl 1):S19-27.
PMID: 25949248

BACKGROUND: In Malaysia, contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) during past three decades has been steady, with only 34% of women practicing modern contraception. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with modern contraceptive practices with a focus on spousal communication and perceived social support among married women working in the university.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out using self-administered structured questionnaire. The association between variables were assessed using Chi-square test, independent sample t-test, and logistic regression.
RESULTS: Overall, 36.8% of women used modern contraceptive methods. Significant association was found between contraceptive practice and ethnicity (P = 0.003), number of pregnancies (P < 0.001), having child (P = 0.003), number of children (P < 0.001), positive history of mistimed pregnancy (P = 0.006), and experience of unwanted pregnancy (P = 0.003). The final model showed Malay women were 92% less likely to use modern contraception as compared to non-Malay women. Women who discussed about family planning with their spouses were more likely to practice modern contraception than the women who did not [odds ratio (OR): 2.2, Confidence Interval (CI): 1.3-3.7]. Those women with moderate (OR: 4.9, CI: 1.6-10.8) and strong (OR: 14, CI: 4.5-26.4) perception of social support for contraceptive usage were more likely to use modern contraception than the women with poor perception of social support.
CONCLUSION: Spousal communication regarding family planning would be an effective way to motivate men for supporting and using contraceptives. Family planning education initiatives should target both men and women, particularly high-risk cases, for promoting healthy timing and spacing of pregnancies. Ethnic disparities need to be considered in planning reproductive health programs.
KEYWORDS: Contraceptive practices; family planning; social support; spousal communication
Study site: married female staff in a university, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Women
Postnatal depression and its associated factors in women from different cultures

Abdollahi F, Lye MS, Md Zain A, Shariff Ghazali S, Zarghami M

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci, 2011;5(2):5-11.
PMID: 24644441

OBJECTIVE: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common health problem which affects women in the postpartum period. This is a brief note on its associated factors in women from different cultures.
METHODS: A literature review was performed in MEDLINE and Pubmed from 1991 to 2008 and Magiran from 1991 to 2009. Additional articles and book chapters were referenced from these sources.
RESULTS: The prevalence of postpartum depression has been reported to be from 0.5% to 60% globally, and from 3.5% to 63.3% in Asian countries, in which Malaysia and Pakistan had respectively the lowest and highest rates. One of the factors contributing to PPD in Asian societies can be that women may not have the empowerment to reject traditional rituals that are imposed on them by their caregivers. Unsatisfactory pre-existing relationships between the mothers and their caregivers resulting in mothers experiencing difficulties during their confinement period may be another factor. Thirdly, some features of these traditional rituals may be the cause of tension, stress and emotional distress. Emotional conflicts caused by insistence on practice of traditional rituals during the postpartum period may lead to mental breakdown.
CONCLUSION: Health care professionals should be aware that the phenomenon in Asian cultures is as prevalent as European cultures. Moreover, further research needs to be conducted on the global prevalence of the experiences of childbearing women with depressive symptoms.
KEYWORDS: Cultures; Postpartum depression; Risk factors

Matched MeSH terms: Women
Fulltext Effect of multi-pronged interventions in reducing low birth weight and maternal anaemia among pregnant women. A community-based interventions research in non-agrarian resource constrained setting of rural Pakistan

Thaver I, Ahmad AM, Ashraf M, Asghar SK, Mirza MS

J Pak Med Assoc, 2020 Dec;70(12(A)):2092-2101.
PMID: 33475578 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.1218

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect on maternal and infant health of iron plus folate and multiple micronutrient supplements, along with deworming and health education session provided to pregnant women in rural, nonagrarian and food-insecure areas.
METHODS: The quasi-experimental study was conducted in Tharparker and Umerkot districts, Sindh, Pakistan, in 2013-14, and comprised pregnant women in their earlier weeks of pregnancy. The enrolment and follow-up phase entailed 3 visits to each subject. Areas covered by lady health workers were designated as intervention areas, and those with non-LHW population were labelled as non-intervention areas.
RESULTS: Of the 1204 subjects, 600(49.8%) were in the intervention group and 604(50.2%) were in the nonintervention group. By the end of the follow-up phase, significantly more women had increased number of meals in the intervention group compared to the non-intervention group (p<0.001). There was a significantly higher increase in mean haemoglobin levels and body mass index of women in the intervention arm after 3 and 6 months of interventions (p<0.05). Significantly higher mean birth weight was recorded in intervention areas compared to nonintervention areas (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Community-based provision of multiple micronutrients to women along with deworming, health education and dietary counselling significantly reduced the prevalence of anaemia and reduced the incidence of low birth weight.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnant Women*
Term breech trial and its consequences on practice: a retrospective study of the University of Malaya Medical Centre's experience

Noor Azmi MA, Aniza A

JUMMEC, 2005;8:39-44.

To see the trend in managing singleton breech pregnancy after the term breech trial. Secondly to compare the safety of different modes of delivery for term, singleton breeches by looking at the immediate neonatal outcome, based on our own experience. Breech infants were identified by examining computer-stored maternal discharge records of hospitalization for the years 1990 and 2000 respectively. Parameters studied included planned mode of delivery, actual mode of delivery, parity, previous vaginal delivery, Apgar score at five minute, birth weight, referral to special care nursery and neonatal morbidity. Of 6,496 deliveries in 1990 and 5,081 in 2000, there were 220 (3.4%) and 148 (2.9%) term breech infants respectively, of which 115 (for 1990) and 102 (for 2000) case records were available. In 1990, 62.6% of the women had trial of vaginal breech delivery but only 24.5% of the women in 2000 were allowed to do so (p < 0.05). Caesarean section rate for singleton breeches increased from 51.3% in 1990 to 84.3% in 2000 (p < 0.05). Mean Apgar score at five minutes was significantly lower after vaginal breech delivery (9.40 ± 1.36) compared to after Caesarean section (9.72 ± 0.712) but there was no clinical significance. There was a noticeable trend towards Caesarean section and less trial of vaginal delivery. Neonatal outcomes of babies born abdominally were statistically better than those born vaginally but there was little clinical impact. Perhaps in properly selected cases, a planned vaginal breech delivery still has a role to play. KEYWORDS: Breech deliveries, Caesarean section, Apgar score

Matched MeSH terms: Women
Fulltext Selected data on health status of migrant women respondents

Siti Norazah Z

JUMMEC, 2002;7(1):15-23.

Reproductive health is "a state of complete, mental and social well-being in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes. Implicit in this is the right of men and women to be informed and to have access to safe, effective and affordable and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice, as well as other methods of their choice for regulation of fertility, which are not against the law, and the right of access to health-care services that enable women to go safely through pregnancy and childbirth." The survey on Health Problems of Migrant Workers included a section on Women's Health covering aspects of reproductive health. This was based on concerns over reproductive health needs of migrant women workers, particularly since the large majority are in the reproductive age-group, and the utilisation of government healthcare facilities. The latter has implications for the potential burden on public healthcare services in terms of resources and costs. Specifically, the Women's Health section included questions on pregnancy, place of delivery of last baby (born in Malaysia), postnatal care related to this delivery, and mode of payment. For those currently pregnant, questions were asked of sources of antenatal care, postnatal care and respective modes of payment for thsoe services. This section also included questions on current contraceptive practices, source of supplies, and mode of payment for contraceptive methods.

Matched MeSH terms: Women; Women's Health
Immigrant Health Study. 1. Foreign workers' Health: pilot study sociological aspect. [Abstract]

Wong YL, Fauza AG

JUMMEC, 1998;3:60-60.

The majority of migrant workers studied in this pilot survey were male, from Bangladesh and Muslim. The mean age was 30 years and the majority were aged between 21-30 years. Although almost half of them had 7-13 years of schooling, or an equivalent to secondary education, the majority were work- ing in the Service industry, predominantly in cleaning services. It is noted that this enlployment trend varied from the national situation, whereby majority of legal migrant workers (Indonesian and Thai) are found in the agricultural sector. More than two thirds of the migrant workers were provided with various forms of housing by the employer. However, it is not known if such acconunodation was adequate or not, as there were no questions about housing structures aod extent of overcrowding. Majority of them stated that they had better amenities, such as piped drinking water and sanitaly toilets, here in Malaysia compared to those in their home countries. Yet, the real extent of better sani- tation is difficult to assess since verification of such amenities could not be done. From their self- reports, it appears that the majority did not engage in risk behaviours, such as smoking, alcohol and drug abuse. It is pertinent, however, to include other risk behaviours in the study, particularly the area of sexual behaviour. The pilot study yielded 28 female Indonesian migrant workers. More than two thirds of them were married. Although none of the married women reported that they were pregnant at the time of the survey, more than two thirds of then1 had betweenl-3 children in Malaysia. Since the age range of these children would be an important indicator of the need for preventive health care, it is proposed that age range of the accompanying children and their immunisation status be included in the questionnaire. Just below half of them were currently practising family planning, and more than two thirds were using modern methods, such as, pill, Norplant and IUD. It is recotnmended that in addition to pregnancy and family planning information, the study could also collect data on gynaeco- logical health and the health seeking behaviour for these problems.

Matched MeSH terms: Women
Immigrant Health Study. 2. Clinical findings in migrant workers - a pilot study. [Abstract]

Chia YC, McCarthy S

JUMMEC, 1998;3:60-61.

This section only examines the clinical findings and some blood chemistly in these workers. A total of 222 men and 28 women were studied. Their ages ranged from 12 to 57 years, the mean being 30.1 (±7.4). Generally most of the physical examination was normal and no external features of infectious diseases were seen. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 120 (±13) and 76(±8.7) nun Hg respectively. About 8.4% of the population had elevated blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or greater. About 12.4% of these man and women were underweight (Body mass index (EMI) less than 19 kg/m2) while 11.2% were either overweight or obese (BMI>25) with the mean being 21.8 (±2.7). Only 3 had BMI greater than 30. Three subjects had a lnitral regurgitation murmur thought to be due to mitral valve prolapse. Four others had tinea cruris, six had insignificant axillary lymph-nodes, five had cervical lymph-nodes of which one was due to carcinoma of the tonsil 30 with shotty inguinal lymph-nodes which was thought to of no pathological significance. Four subjects had crepitations and five had rhonchi in their lungs. A full blood count revealed that 16.65% of the man and 32.1°/o of the women had haemoglobin levels of less than 14gm/dl and 12gm/dl respectively. The most striking abnormality was the high prevalence of eosinophilia. 37% of the subjects had eosinophilia counts of greater than 450/dl. About 19.4% of this study population had fasting blood glucose of greater than 6mmol/l but only 1.3% with fasting blood glucose of greater than 7.8 mmo/l. About 22% of the urine examined revealed pro- teinuria but were otherwise unremarkable for the other parameters. This group of foreign workers was made up of a presumably fairly healthy young population. Attempts to look for infectious disease on physical examination, not surprisingly did not reveal any remarkable findings. It could be that the majority of these subjects already had a examination prior to coming into the country and another one soon after arrival. However an indirect measurement of infectious diseases via the eosinophilic count revealed a high prevalence of parasitic infestations. Attempts to examine the end results of social hardship, be it intrinsic before or appearing after arrival indirectly shoved some degree of suffering. There was a fairly high prevalence of anaemia, especially amongst the women. The body mass index also revealed this population to be generally less obese than other populations. The value of medical check-ups has been debated, especially if it were done as a pre-employment procedure. This pilot study has shown that it is not cost-effective to do physical examination or blood chem- istry and urine analysis in hying to identify infectious diseases in the migrant workers. In the light of the paucity of clinical findings in this pilot study, it would be prudent to review the strategy for examining the health status of migrant workers. Perhaps the physical examination can be dispensed with, and blood andurine analysis beveryfocused and directedin order to maximise the cost- effectiveness of this programme. Certainly the high prevalence of eosinophilia needs further evalua- tion.

Matched MeSH terms: Women
Peripartum cardiomyopathy: an overview

Wan Azman WA, Haizal HK

JUMMEC, 2005;8:18-22.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a life-threatening cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause that occurs in the peripartum period in previously healthy women and this article discusses the challenges that lie in diagnosing and managing this rare yet lethal disease. KEYWORDS: Peripartum, cardiomyopathy, pregnancy, cardiac failure

Matched MeSH terms: Women
Informed consent in Malaysia: an overview

Che Ngah A

J Int Bioethique, 2005 Mar-Jun;16(1-2):143-61, 199.
PMID: 16637139 DOI: 10.3917/jib.161.0143

The right of a person to control his body is a concept that has long been recognized in Malaysia under the law of torts. The purpose of requiring informed consent is to preserve that right in medical decision-making. Informed Consent is a relatively new concept in medical litigation cases. However in the late 1990's, it has become one of the important claims under negligence made against the doctor for failure to disclose relevant information to patients in respect of the treatment proposed. Whether Malaysia has begun to recognize patient's right to decision-making is yet to be seen. Furthermore the social-cultural relationship between doctors and patients had to be considered. In this respect, the researcher had conducted interviews with doctors and patients to gauge their reaction towards a shared process of decision-making, which is the central issue in the doctrine of informed consent. Findings suggest that in society where primary health care is the main thrust to achieve health for all, the possibility of recognition of the rights of patients to receive information before making decisions about treatment appears remote. The findings also underscore the importance of incorporating aspects of informed consent as part of providing quality service to patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Pregnant Women
Fulltext The mediation effect of burnout and moderation effect of social support on work-family conflictturnover intention relationship among malaysian woman engineers: a proposed framework and methodology

Hamid RA, Ungku Ahmad UN

Journal of Advanced Research Design, 2015;15(1):19-35.
MyJurnal

An increasing number of women participate in the work force due to socio-economic development result a big impact to work and family institution. Failure to meet demand for both work and family lead to work-family conflict that may give negative consequences on work and family. An example of major work-related outcome is burnout which can lead to turnover intention. Social support has been identified as an important resources that can reduce work-family conflict and burnout. This paper aims to identify the relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intention and also the mediation effect of burnout on work-family conflict and turnover intention relationship. It is proposed that there will be a positive relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intention and there is an indirect relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intention through the mediation effect of burnout. Social support from work and family is proposed to moderate the relationship between work-family conflict and burnout. Furthermore it is proposed that the strength of relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intention depends on the mediation effect of burnout and moderating effect of social support.

Matched MeSH terms: Women
Advancing Women in Chemistry

Cournia Z, Soares TA, Wahab HA, Amaro RE

J Chem Inf Model, 2021 11 22;61(11):5305-5306.
PMID: 34668709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c01185
Matched MeSH terms: Women*

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