MyMedR

The training and utilization of traditional birth attendants (TBAs) in maternal and child health and family planning programs in Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and Malaysia are discussed. Special efforts to organize and train TBAs for family planning in Malaysia are examined in detail. Import factors for successful utilization of TBAs include: (a) definite assignment of functions and tasks, (b) organization of good operational steps and (c) implementation of good supervisory activities.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The rise of methamphetamine in Southeast and East Asia

McKetin R, Kozel N, Douglas J, Ali R, Vicknasingam B, Lund J, et al.

Drug Alcohol Rev, 2008 May;27(3):220-8.

PMID: 18368602 DOI: 10.1080/09595230801923710

Southeast and East Asia has become a global hub for methamphetamine production and trafficking over the past decade. This paper describes the rise of methamphetamine supply and to what extent use of the drug is occurring in the region.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology

Fulltext The resurgence of tuberculosis

Lim VK

Med J Malaysia, 1991 Dec;46(4):298-300.

PMID: 1840435

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology

The relationship between poverty and fertility in Peninsular Malaysia: a district analysis

Teo Cheok Chin P

Tijdschr Econ Soc Geogr, 1989;80(5):284-301.

PMID: 12157771

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The relationship between migration and development in the ESCAP region

Skeldon R

Popul Res Leads, 1991.

PMID: 12317488

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The relations among child quality, family structure, and the value of the mother's time in Malaysia

Leppel K

Malay Econ Rev, 1982 Oct;27(2):61-70.

PMID: 12266446

PIP: A model of the determinants of child quality and of the value of a woman's time is developed and tested using data from the Malaysian Family Life Survey of 1976-1977. Child quality is measured by educational attainment; factors influencing the value of the mother's time include size and age composition of household, family income, education, and hours worked. The results indicate that size and age composition of household affect a woman's asking wage. However, more data are needed before the effects of family structure on schooling can be measured with confidence.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The rabies situation in Far East Asia

Fu ZF

Dev Biol (Basel), 2008;131:55-61.

PMID: 18634466

This study evaluated rabies epidemiology in Far EastAsia. Questionnaires were sent by the OIE to Far East Asian countries and eight questionnaires were returned. Data were collected from these returns, as well as from recent publications, to gather information regarding rabies epidemiology in these countries. More than 29,000 human deaths were reported in 2006 in Far East Asia, representing more than 50% of all human rabies cases around the globe. There are only a few countries or regions from which no human rabies was reported in 2006 such as Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Malaysia, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. In many of these rabies endemic countries, the number of human rabies cases has not changed much during the past decade. The only country with a steady decline is Thailand, where the number of cases has decreased from around 200 to about 20 cases per year. The most dramatic changes were observed in China. Human rabies cases declined from around 5,000 cases per year in the 1980s to about 160 in the mid-1990s. However, these trends have since been reversed. A steady increase has been reported over the past 10 years with more than 3,200 cases reported in 2006. Although there are many factors that contribute to the epidemic or endemic nature of rabies in these countries, the single most important factor is the failure to immunize domestic dogs, which transmit rabies to humans. Dog vaccination is at or below 5% in many of these countries, and cannot stop the transmission of rabies from dogs to dogs, thus to humans. It is thus most importantforthese countries to initiate mass vaccination campaigns in dog populations in order to stop the occurrence of human rabies in Far East Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology

Fulltext The prevalence of hospital-acquired infections in Southeast Asia (1990-2022)

Goh LPW, Marbawi H, Goh SM, Bin Abdul Asis AK, Gansau JA

J Infect Dev Ctries, 2023 Feb 28;17(2):139-146.

PMID: 36897896 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.17135

INTRODUCTION: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) have continually affected the quality of hospital care. Despite medical interventions by healthcare personnel and improved healthcare facilities, the rates of morbidity and mortality due to HAIs is increasing. However, a systematic review of HAIs is lacking. Therefore, this systematic review aims to determine the prevalence rate, types, as well as causes of HAIs in Southeast Asian countries.

METHODOLOGY: A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane library, World Health Organization database-Index Medicus for South-East Asia Region (WHO-IMSEAR), and Google Scholar databases. The search period was from 1st January 1990 until 12th May 2022. The prevalence of HAIs and subgroups were calculated using MetaXL software.

RESULTS: The database search retrieved 3879 non-duplicate articles. After applying exclusion criteria, 31 articles with a total number of 47666 subjects were included and a total of 7658 cases of HAIs were recorded. The overall prevalence of HAIs in Southeast Asia was 21.6 % (95% CI: 15.5 - 29.1%) with heterogeneity statistics of I2 = 100%. Indonesia had the highest prevalence rate of 30.4% whereas Singapore had the lowest prevalence rate at 8.4%.

CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that the overall prevalence of HAIs was relatively high and the prevalence rate of each country was associated with socioeconomic status. Measures should be taken to examine and control the rates of HAIs in countries with high HAI prevalence.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The present status of assisted reproductive technology in Asia-Oceania

Chang YS, Jun JK, Choi YM, Moon SY

Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol, 1994 Dec;20(4):331-44.

PMID: 7832663

This is a survey on the present status of assisted reproductive technology in the Asia-Oceanic region. The survey formats were sent to the 19-member societies of AOFOG. By the end of August 1991, 11 countries responded: Australia, Egypt, Hong Kong, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Republic of China, Singapore and Thailand. This report is a summary of data from 12 countries including Korea. It comprised of 14 headings: IVF, GIFT, AIH, AID, donor sperm in ART, donor eggs in ART, preembryos from IVF for donation, cryopreservation of eggs, cryopreservation of fertilized eggs and preembryos, research of preembryos, surrogate mothers, additional procedures, quality assurance in reproductive technology and formation of policy for emerging reproductive technology. Each heading is composed of status of regulations, cost and coverage and the results and management of program.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia

McColl H, Racimo F, Vinner L, Demeter F, Gakuhari T, Moreno-Mayar JV, et al.

Science, 2018 07 06;361(6397):88-92.

PMID: 29976827 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat3628

The human occupation history of Southeast Asia (SEA) remains heavily debated. Current evidence suggests that SEA was occupied by Hòabìnhian hunter-gatherers until ~4000 years ago, when farming economies developed and expanded, restricting foraging groups to remote habitats. Some argue that agricultural development was indigenous; others favor the "two-layer" hypothesis that posits a southward expansion of farmers giving rise to present-day Southeast Asian genetic diversity. By sequencing 26 ancient human genomes (25 from SEA, 1 Japanese Jōmon), we show that neither interpretation fits the complexity of Southeast Asian history: Both Hòabìnhian hunter-gatherers and East Asian farmers contributed to current Southeast Asian diversity, with further migrations affecting island SEA and Vietnam. Our results help resolve one of the long-standing controversies in Southeast Asian prehistory.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The polygamy debate. Many women are saying that one is enough

Mitton R

Asiaweek, 1996 Dec 20.

PMID: 12291820

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The pattern of maternal mortality at maternity hospital Kuala Lumpur

Nafisah Adeeb

Malays J Reprod Health, 1983 Jan;1(1):34-9.

PMID: 12279887

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The natural and human-mediated expansion of a human-commensal lizard into the fringes of Southeast Asia

Karin BR, Lough-Stevens M, Lin TE, Reilly SB, Barley AJ, Das I, et al.

BMC Ecol Evol, 2024 Feb 20;24(1):25.

PMID: 38378475 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-024-02212-7

BACKGROUND: Human-commensal species often display deep ancestral genetic structure within their native range and founder-effects and/or evidence of multiple introductions and admixture in newly established areas. We investigated the phylogeography of Eutropis multifasciata, an abundant human-commensal scincid lizard that occurs across Southeast Asia, to determine the extent of its native range and to assess the sources and signatures of human introduction outside of the native range. We sequenced over 350 samples of E. multifasciata for the mitochondrial ND2 gene and reanalyzed a previous RADseq population genetic dataset in a phylogenetic framework.

RESULTS: Nuclear and mitochondrial trees are concordant and show that E. multifasciata has retained high levels of genetic structure across Southeast Asia despite being frequently moved by humans. Lineage boundaries in the native range roughly correspond to several major biogeographic barriers, including Wallace's Line and the Isthmus of Kra. Islands at the outer fringe of the range show evidence of founder-effects and multiple introductions.

CONCLUSIONS: Most of enormous range of E. multifasciata across Southeast Asia is native and it only displays signs of human-introduction or recent expansion along the eastern and northern fringe of its range. There were at least three events of human-introductions to Taiwan and offshore islands, and several oceanic islands in eastern Indonesia show a similar pattern. In Myanmar and Hainan, there is a founder-effect consistent with post-warming expansion after the last glacial maxima or human introduction.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The migration transition in Malaysia

Lim LL

Asian Pac Migr J, 1996;5(2-3):319-37.

PMID: 12320775

"Exploring the unique experience of migration transition in Malaysia, this paper identifies the turning points in relation to the level and nature of economic and labor market developments in Malaysia. Examining the development dynamics that mark the passage from exporting labor to depending on foreign labor, the paper concludes that such dynamics are influenced not only by economic but also sociocultural, demographic and policy factors. Several lessons from the Malaysian experience are drawn at the end to be utilized by other countries that still have to reach the turning points of the migration transition."

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The metabolic transition of material use and carbon emissions in economically growing Asia: Evidence from 1971 to 2016

Shah IH

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Jan;28(3):2707-2718.

PMID: 32892281 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10662-x

The efficient consumption of material and energy resources, with minimal carbon emissions and maximum economic output, is globally significant. This study examines the metabolic transition of resource use and CO2 emissions in nine of the largest economies of East, South, and Southeast Asia. A data envelopment model has been developed to assess the efficiency of domestic material consumption and CO2 emissions during 1971-2016 at three levels of analysis. The single-country analysis results reveal that China has made the most rapid efficiency transformation during 1971-2016 followed by Japan and South Korea, while the rest of the countries in South and Southeast Asia have not illustrated significant improvements. Results from the analysis of socio-economically grouped countries show that Japan and Bangladesh are the relatively efficient economies in East and South Asia, respectively. Among Southeast Asian countries, both Indonesia and Malaysia were found to be efficient. Based on the regional analysis comparing all nine countries, Japan has consistently remained a relatively efficient economy while China-despite rapid improvements-remains a relatively inefficient economy. To this end, Japan had the lowest material and CO2 intensities compared to all other countries. Based on our results, technological advancement, industry structure, and scale of traded goods and services were found to have a significant impact (the impact of per capita income was less pronounced) on a country's effective resource utilization and carbon mitigation.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

Fulltext The menace of vector-borne diseases

Retneswari, M.

JUMMEC, 2008;11(2):37-38.

MyJurnal

The crux of the current health problem is the alarming increase of dengue cases in the country. Dengue fever is endemic in Southeast Asia with Malaysia seeing dengue cases surge since 2003. The Health Minister of Malaysia has reported that the acute increase in dengue cases is worrying and could hit the country's productivity, tourism industry and economy.(Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

The lack of relationship between acetylator phenotype and idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus in a South-east Asian population: a study of Indians, Malays and Malaysian Chinese

Ong ML, Mant TG, Veerapen K, Fitzgerald D, Wang F, Manivasagar M, et al.

Br J Rheumatol, 1990 Dec;29(6):462-4.

PMID: 2257457

An association of idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus (ISLE) with genetically determined N-acetylation polymorphism has been suspected from previous studies, mainly on Caucasian populations in which there is an approximate incidence of 50% of slow and rapid acetylators. The present study is of the incidence of ISLE and acetylator status in a mixed population of Malaysia. The results did not support an association between ISLE and acetylator status: the frequencies of slow acetylators in the ISLE patients who were Malaysian Chinese and Malay were 13 and 38% respectively. This did not differ significantly from the respective healthy groups (20 and 29%). The small number of Indians in the survey did not allow a valid comparison, but the figures did suggest a lack of association between ISLE and acetylator status.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology

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