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Fulltext THE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF OPTICAL WAVE PROPAGATION FOR UNDERWATER WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

MUHAMMAD SAFIY SABRIL, MUHAMMAD SAFIY SABRIL, FAEZAH JASMAN, NURUL ADILAH ABDUL LATIFF, SEVIA MAHDALIZA IDRUS, WAN HAFIZA WAN HASSAN

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2020;2(3):73-82.
MyJurnal

Underwater wireless communications refer to transmitting data in an unguided water environment by wireless carriers including acoustic, radio frequency (RF), and optical waves. Relative to acoustic and RF, the optical wave is more promising to offer higher bandwidth at a lower energy consumption rate. However, an optical wave has its challenges such as attenuation due to absorption, scattering and turbulence effects. Therefore, this work attempts to investigate the performance of lightwave propagation for underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) using simulation and experimental approaches. First, the performance of optical waves was analyzed using MATLAB by simulating the light attenuation model which based on depth-dependent chlorophyll concentration. A depth profile that related to the surface chlorophyll levels for the range 0-4 mg/m3 was used to represent the open ocean. The simulation showed that the attenuation of light less affected for operating wavelength range of 450 – 550 nm. Further, an experimental set-up was developed which consists of a transmitter, receiver, and aquarium to emulate the UOWC channel. Three types of water including clear, sea and cloudy were tested to analyze their interaction with the light emitted by a light-emitting diode (LED) and a laser diode. The emitted light detected by the light sensor and the strength of an audio signal transmitted through the UOWC were measured using a light meter and sound meter respectively. The measured power was plotted against distance and the attenuation constant c was deduced through curve fitting method. The analysis showed irrespective of the light sources, UOWC in cloudy water suffered the highest attenuation relative to still clear and seawater. The received power emitted by laser was at least 41% higher than the LED. This study contributes to identify the potential and limitations of different operating schemes to optimize UOWC performance.
Fulltext THE POTENTIAL OF LOCAL EARTHWORMS IN VERMICOMPOSTING GOAT MANURE (GM) AND SPENT COCONUT FLAKES (SCF)

Muhammad Faris bin Md Yusoff, Suhaizan binti Lob, Nurul Faziha Ibrahim

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2019;1(4):19-28.
MyJurnal

Vermicomposting is a process that involves biological, chemical and physical transformations of solid organic materials such as agricultural residues of plant and animal through the use of microorganisms and earthworms. There are three main classes of earthworms, and only those from one class are usually used for vermicomposting. However, mostly foreign earthworms are used in the setup. Foreign earthworms are more expensive and harder to obtain than local earthworms. This makes the local farmers reluctant to try since they are expensive. The difference in vermicompost using two species of epigeic earthworms, a local earthworm and a foreign earthworm (Eisenia fetida), and normal compost without any earthworms was measured in this study. Both species of earthworms were placed in identical vermibeds consisting of partially composted goat manure and partially composted spent coconut flakes (SCF) with the ratio of 5:1 respectively in terms of weight. The vermibed moisture content was maintained at 60 – 70% throughout the whole process. The end products showed a difference from one another. The E. fetida showed a better result compared to the local earthworms in terms of the nutrient content presence and the adaptability of the earthworms during the whole process. However, the end product from the local earthworms was still better compared to the normal compost without any earthworms.
Fulltext Smart Bran Dispenser for Animal Husbandry Purpose

Muhammad Alif Azanuddin Alias, Nur Athirah Mohd Taib, Nurul Nadia Adnan

Malaysian Journal of Science, Health & Technology, 2021;7(1):56-61.
MyJurnal

The creation of technology in this century changes people’s life. Technology plays an important role that benefits young people and has increased agriculture production’s efficiency and profitability. Innovative technology mainly involved in animal feeding automation is currently one of Smart Bran Dispensers’ new inventions. This project approaches an innovative animal husbandry management system to improve the agricultural system’s efficiency, particularly livestock nutrition and feed resources. The benefit of this project is to facilitate animal feeding for breeders, which can be remotely controlled and detected by a tracking module that transmits a signal to the user and informs them of the status of the bran dispenser through the Blynk server. NodeMCU ESP8266 and Arduino UNO were implemented as the main controller.
Fulltext TECHNO-ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY STUDY OF AN OFF-GRID HYBRID POWER SYSTEM FOR AN AQUA-TOURISM RESORT IN TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA

MUHAMMAD FAKHRURAZI MD YUNOS, NUR FARIZAN MUNAJAT, WAN MARIAM WAN MUDA

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2019;1(2):103-110.
MyJurnal

This study focused on feasibility analysis of hybrid electrification system for an aqua-tourism resort located remotely from the grid connection in Terengganu. There were four standalone systems used in this study: diesel/PV/biomass/battery, diesel/PV/battery, biomass/diesel/battery, and diesel only. The design and analysis of these systems were done using Hybrid Optimization of MultipleEnergy Resources (HOMER) software. The results showed that the diesel/PV/battery system was the optimum solution in terms of net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE). This system comprises 20 % of PV penetration with NPC and COE of USD 57,823 (RM 241, 729.90) and 0.428 USD/kWh (1.79 RM/kWh), respectively. Meanwhile, the diesel/PV/biomass/battery system with NPC of USD 65,388 (RM 273, 355.49) and COE of 0.484 USD/kWh (2.02 RM/kWh) was found to be the best among all systems in terms of greenhouse emissions. This system was able to reduce almost 70 % of carbon dioxide if compared with diesel only system and about 15 % lower than the diesel/PV/battery system with a renewable energy fraction of 44 %.
Fulltext PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF PM2.5-BOUND POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL ENVIRONMENTS IN KUALA LUMPUR

MOHAMAD FIRDAUS ISMAIL, MUHAMMAD FAIS FADZIL, NORHAYATI MOHD TAHIR, NORHAYATI MOHD TAHIR, MOHD TALIB LATIF, NOORLIN MOHAMAD

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2019;1(2):51-58.
MyJurnal

Fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) (PM2.5) has become a major concern because it can adsorb chemicals e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) onto its surface. Although PAHs are priority pollutants that can cause adverse health effect, there is still limited information concerning indoor exposures to PAHs in Malaysia. This study aimed to characterise the distribution of PAHs bounded to PM2.5in primary school environments. Indoor and outdoor PM2.5 were collected between May and July 2017 using low volume samplers (LVS) at three public primary schools in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. PAHs were extracted by ultrasonic extraction with Dichloromethane: n-Hexane (1:1, v/v) as the extraction solvent and analysed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Based on the results, the average total concentration of PAHs (∑PAHs) ranged from 3.8 to 10.1 ng m-3and 1.6 to 8.0 ng m-3for outdoors and indoors, respectively. PAHs in PM2.5samples indicated the potential contribution of combustion at high temperature and indoor sources and the infiltration of outdoor PAHs were the important sources for outdoor and indoor, respectively. In addition, the diagnostic ratio analysis showed that vehicular emissions were the most predominant sources of PAHs in school environments.
Fulltext ESTIMATION OF CORAL RUBBLE QUANTITY USING EDGE DETECTION AND MORPHOLOGICAL-BASED METHODS

MUHAMMAD SUZURI HITAM, NURSYAHIRAH HAFIZ, ZAINUDDIN BACHOK, ZAINUDDIN BACHOK, MOHD SAFUAN CHE DIN

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2019;1(3):105-119.
MyJurnal

Reef rubble representsthe broken components of the coraland reefstructure which could be in the form of dead,broken or other fragmented coral.The process to estimate the distribution of reef rubble is currently done manually and thus takesa long timeto completeand is laborious. This paper presentsan image-processing-basedmethod to estimate the distribution of reef rubbles in a coral reef environmentfrom a still image. The method is basically a series of image processing steps includingimage complement, image binarization, edgedetection, smoothing by Weiner filter and followed by erosion and dilation process.The experimentalresults showedthat the system wasable to roughly estimate the distribution of reef rubble.
Fulltext ESTIMATION OF SAND DISTRIBUTION IN CORAL REEF ENVIRONMENT USING COLOURSEGMENTATION AND COLOURTHRESHOLDING METHODS

PAULEEN ONG, MUHAMMAD SUZURI HITAM, ZAINUDDIN BACHOK, ZAINUDDIN BACHOK, MOHD SAFUAN CHE DIN

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2019;1(3):96-104.
MyJurnal

At present, marine scientists employ manual method to estimate the components in coral reef environment,where Coral Point Count with Excel extensions (CPCe) software is used to determine the coral reef components and substrate coverage. This manual processis laboriousand time consuming,and needsexpertsto conduct the survey. In this paper, a prototype for estimating the distribution of sand cover in coral reef environment from still images by using colourextraction methods was introduced. The coloursegmentation called delta E was used to calculate the colourdifference between two coloursamples. Another method used wascolourthresholdby setting the range of sand colourpixels. Thesystem was developed by using a MATLAB software withimage processing toolbox. The developed system was semi-automatic computer-based system that can be used by researcherseven with little knowledge and experience to estimatethepercentage of sand coveragein coral reef still images.
Profil mahasiswa institusi pengajian tinggi terhadap amalan kepenggunaan

Nurazlina Dol, Elistina Abu Bakar, Zuroni Md. Jusoh, Afida Mastura Muhammad Arif

Jurnal Pengguna Malaysia - Malaysian Journal of Consumer, 2020;34(1):1-22.
MyJurnal

Kerancakan IR 4.0 telah menjadikan teknologi internet sebagai saluran komunikasi dan carian maklumat utama kepada pengguna internet. Di sebalik pembangunan ini, pengguna dibelenggu dengan pelbagai masalah pasaran yang melibatkan produk dan perkhidmatan. Memandangkan golongan muda sering menjadi mangsa dalam pelbagai masalah pasaran, kajian terhadap mahasiswa Institusi Pengajian Tinggi (IPT) di Malaysia amatlah penting agar mereka dapat memahami dan melaksanakan tanggungjawab sebagai pengguna dengan baik melalui amalan kepenggunaan seharian. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan profil mahasiswa IPT berkaitan amalan kepenggunaan agar tanggungjawab mereka sebagai pengguna dapat diperbaiki. Pemboleh ubah yang dikaji adalah faktor demografi iaitu jantina, umur, etnik, tahap pendidikan, bidang pengajian, tempoh menjadi ahli kelab pengguna, dan status keahlian di dalam kelab pengguna serta faktor tingkah laku iaitu amalan kepenggunaan. Kajian ini melibatkan seramai 800 mahasiswa IPT daripada sepuluh buah IPT yang dipilih secara persampelan rawak berperingkat. Penganalisisan data menggunakan analisis Ujian Khi Kuasa Dua dengan menggunakan perisian Statistical Package Social Sciences (SPSS). Hasil pemprofilan mendapati ciri responden yang perlu diberi penekanan dalam pendidikan pengguna ialah mereka daripada etnik Melayu dan Cina, yang masih bujang, dan mempunyai tahap pendidikan diploma dan ijazah sarjana muda tanpa mengira jantina, umur, asal, IPT, semester pengajian, bidang pengajian, dan keahlian dalam kelab pengguna. Kajian ini memberi implikasi kepada Kementerian Perdagangan Dalam Negeri, dan Hal Ehwal Pengguna (KPDNHEP), persatuan pengguna, dan pihak institusi dalam meningkatkan program pendidikan pengguna melalui seminar kepenggunaan, penerbitan, edaran bahan berkaitan kepenggunaan, pertandingan serta penyampaian melalui media massa dan media sosial berpandukan ciri-ciri mahasiswa yang perlu diberi penekanan agar tahap amalan kepenggunaan mahasiswa IPT di Malaysia semakin kukuh pada masa akan datang.
Fulltext Determining the Association between Oral Health Status and Self-Perceived Oral Health Satisfaction among Residents in the Largest Care Home in East Coast Malaysia

Farah Mohd, Muhammad Zubir Yuso, Nor Iziana Ismail, Nor Mulyani Musa

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2019;18(102):3-0.
MyJurnal

Little is known about the association between actual and selfperceived oral health status among residents living in a care home. This study aimed to assess their oral health status and to determine its association with their selfperceived oral health satisfaction. Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2018 among 75 residents of Rumah Ehsan, Terengganu (the largest care home in east coast Malaysia). The oral health status and oral hygiene of the participants were examined. Their sociodemographic profile and self-perceived oral health status were collected through structured interviews. Chi-square, Man-Whitney, and multiple logistic regression tests were used to test the factors associated with the self-perceived oral health satisfaction of the participants. Results: Unsurprisingly, the majority of the participants had poor oral health with high median DMF-T score of 29.0 (IQR=12) and majority (86.7%) had poor oral hygiene. It was intriguing to know that the majority of them (64%) perceived they have good oral health status with 68% satisfied with their current oral health status. There was no significant association between their actual oral health status and their perceived satisfaction. However, increasing age, Malay and those eating dependently were less likely to satisfy with their oral health status. Meanwhile, those who were dependent on the staff to brush their teeth were more likely satisfied with their oral health status. Conclusion: There was a wide discrepancy between the actual and self-perceived oral health status among residents in care homes. Hence, it is crucial to improving awareness and knowledge among them in order to improve their oral health. Factors contributed to their oral health satisfaction should be acknowledged by all dental practitioners.
Fulltext Is there any Need for Health Intervention on Pediculosis Capitis in Public Primary Schools in Kuantan, Pahang?

Muhammad Aqlan Mohd Zak, Nor Faiza Mohd Tohit, Razman Mohd Rus

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2019;18(102):46-0.
MyJurnal

Pediculosis capitis among primary school children is a global problem which poses significant consequences among school children and caregivers alike. Previous studies showed an association between pediculosis capitis and sociodemographic factors such as school location, age, gender, ethnicity, parental education, monthly household income, number of siblings and number of family members. Primary schools in Malaysia consist of National School and National-type school (Chinese) and (Tamil), all of which have different sociodemographic backgrounds. Thus, this study aims to investigate and compare the prevalence of pediculosis capitis among children of different types of primary school in Kuantan to properly plan for future intervention. Materials and method: An analytical crosssectional study using stratified random sampling was carried out. The schools were stratified according to their types. Number of respondents from each school was determined by proportionate-to-size. Respondents from standard one to six were given self-administered validated questionnaire. Then, their hair and scalp were examined for the evidence of pediculosis capitis. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: There were 1,365 respondents involved in this study; consisting of students from National Schools (n=791), Chinese Schools (n=424) and Tamil Schools (n=150). The overall median age was 8.0 years. Majority of them were males (53.41%), of Malays ethnicity (60.29%), with household income between RM1000-RM2999 (31.87%) and from urban school location (98.68%). The overall prevalence of pediculosis capitis was 9.6% (n=131). The prevalence of pediculosis capitis among the selected schools was found to be the highest in National-type school (Tamil) at 33.33% (n=50), followed by National School at 7.33% (n=58) and National-type school (Chinese) at 5.42% (n=23). Conclusion: Pediculosis capitis showed an endemicity in all types of primary schools. Hence, preventive measures are necessary to reduce the transmission of head lice among school children.
Fulltext Colon Cancer in Patients Younger Than Age 50 in Kuantan: Case Series

Nurul Syazwani Abd Khalid, Muhammad Afiq Kodiron, Mohd Yusof Sainal, Faisel Elagili, Azmi Md Nor

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2019;18(102):55-0.
MyJurnal

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in Malaysia. In general, patients aged > 65 years comprise the majority of the population with CRC. However, recent reports indicate its increasing incidence in younger populations. We describe 4 cases of early onset colorectal cancer in Kuantan. Materials and method: This is a descriptive study of a small series of patients. Data between 2018 and 2019 were obtained from medical charts. Results: We diagnosed four patients under the age of 50 with colon cancer (75% male), the median age was 36 (23-47), with no comorbidities. None of the patient had family history of colorectal cancer. The majority of our patients presented with complication of tumour (2 perforation, 1 obstruction) required emergency surgeries. Only one patient presented with with rectal bleeding and was found to have tumor of the rectosigmoid junction. Two patients had tumor at descending colon and one at the splenic flexure. From this case series, we found there were one patient for every stage of colorectal cancer. Carcinoembryonic (CEA) levels were elevated at baseline in only two patients. Conclusion: Incidence of colon cancer rises among young patients in Kuantan. Further studies are needed to clarify the clinical and biological characteristics of colon cancer, improve its treatment strategies, and promote better outcomes in young patients.
Fulltext Periodontal Health Awareness among IIUM Medical Students

Suhaila Muhammad Al, Nurdayana Khairul Anuar, Nurul Najah Abu Bakar, Munirah Yaacob, Juzaily Husain

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2019;18(102):63-0.
MyJurnal

Proper knowledge of oral diseases is crucial in medical practice because periodontal disease is associated with multiple systemic conditions. A large number of systemic diseases and drugs have oral manifestations as well as adverse reactions. The aim of this study is to assess periodontal awareness, knowledge and attitude among medical students of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Materials and method: This cross-sectional study utilized questionnaires which were distributed to fourth and final year medical students of IIUM Kuantan. Each participant’s consent was obtained before being recruited into the survey. Questions pertaining to oral health, periodontal disease and its relation with systemic conditions were given. Based on the answers, respondents’ awareness, knowledge and attitude were assessed.The data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Results: A total of 93 students completed the survey questionnaires. 3% of them have awareness that periodontal disease is related to gingiva. 10% respondents agreed that the dental plaque is the primary cause of periodontal disease.80% respondents have knowledge of associations between periodontal disease and systemic conditions. 4% of them were able to identify drugs causing gingival enlargement. 97% of respondents showed positive attitude for referral to dentist in the future. Conclusions: The participants have superficial awareness and knowledge about periodontal disease and its relation to systemic conditions. However, they have positive attitude for future practice towards their patients. Hopefully, this research may provide direct suggestion to incorporate basic periodontal knowledge in their medical syllabus.
Fulltext Kemiskinan adalah satu fenomena multidimensi: suatu pemerhatian awal

Parthiban S.Gopal, Muhammad AlNaufal Abdul Rahman, Nor Malina Malek, Paramjit Singh Jamir Singh, Law, Chee Hong

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021;6(1):40-51.
MyJurnal

Kemiskinan merupakan satu fenomena yang dialami oleh seseorang individu tanpa kerelaan dan kehendak mereka. Kemiskinan boleh dikategorikan kepada dua jenis iaitu material dan bukan material. Miskin material terdiri daripada miskin pendapatan dan bukan pendapatan iaitu pendidikan, akses kepada kesihatan, pekerjaan dan kemudahan awam. Manakala miskin bukan material ialah berkait berkenaan ciri-ciri sahsiah seperti emosi, psikologi dan rohani. Kesemua keadaan yang berlaku ini menyebabkan seseorang yang miskin mengalami kesukaran untuk keluar dari situasi kemiskinan sekiranya tiada tindakan yang dilakukan oleh pihak bertanggungjawab. Pengukuran kemiskinan adalah langkah awal dalam mengenal pasti golongan miskin. Terdapat dua jenis iaitu pengukuran kemiskinan undimensi yang melihat kemiskinan dari sudut pendapatan sahaja dan pengukuran kemiskinan multidimensi yang melihat pada aspek holistik serta kemanusiaan. Terdapat banyak kelemahan pada pengukuran unidimensi kerana ia hanya mengukur kemiskinan dari perspektif pendapatan sahaja. Hal ini sudah tentulah tidak komprehensif dalam pengenalpastian golongan yang miskin. Oleh itu pengukuran kemiskinan multidimensi akan diterokai bagi memahami dengan lebih lanjut seperti perbezaannya dengan pengukuran unidimensi dan mengapakah Indeks Kemiskinan Multidimensi (IKM) adalah pengukur kemiskinan yang paling sesuai lagi berkesan. Kajian ini menggunakan data sekunder sebagai metodologi kajian. Hasil kajian ini dijangka bukan sahaja boleh mengetahui berapa ramai yang miskin dan peratusannya, malahan kita juga boleh mengetahui dimensi penyumbang utama kepada masalah kemiskinan. Melalui pengukuran ini, sesuatu program atau pemberian insentif dapat disalurkan dengan tepat kepada kumpulan sasaran.
Fulltext Case series – Giant epidermal inclusion cyst of gluteal region and chest

Muhammad Fairuz Shah Abd Karim, Kong, Chee-Kwan, AR Yusoff, Alizan A. Khalil

JUMMEC, 2020;23(2):99-102.
MyJurnal

Epidermal cyst is the most common type of cyst to occur in subcutaneous tissue. It is usually small, asymptomatic, and solitary in lesion. When the size is greater than 5 cm, it is classified as a giant epidermal cyst. If the size is big, it may sometimes mimic a soft tissue sarcoma, hence requiring further evaluation with imaging or histopathological studies. We report a case series of two patients whom presented with a huge swelling at different body regions, involving gluteal and chest. Both patients underwent different modes of imaging to delineate the anatomical extent of the lesion. Excision biopsy was done and the histopathological report confirmed epidermal cyst with no malignancy. The purpose of this case series is to describe the rare occurrence of giant epidermal cyst and to elaborate the methods of approach to arrive at the diagnosis.
Fulltext A rare case of an acute on chronic thoracoabdominal aortic dissection

Aaina Iryani Mubarak, Wan Nur Aida Wan Muhammad Shukri, Ahmad Khaldun Ismail

JUMMEC, 2020;23(2):103-106.
MyJurnal

Aortic dissection (AD) is a rare cardiovascular emergency with a high rate of mortality. Most patients present with typical signs and symptoms of AD. However, atypical presentation increases risk of delay in diagnosis and treatment. Patients may present with syncope, seizures or other neurological symptoms which may deceive the diagnosis of AD. Dissection can be in the acute or chronic phase, but there has been no documentation of an acute dissection which occurs in a chronic dissection. We hereby to report a case of an acute on chronic thoraco-abdominal dissection.
Fulltext Numerical investigation on the effect of building overhang on the flow within idealised two-dimensional street canyon

Muhammad Fatih bin Ibrahim, Mohd Faizal bin Mohamad, Naoki Ikegaya, Azli Abd Razak

ESTEEM Academic Journal, 2021;17(2):67-77.
MyJurnal

Building overhang is an essential element in the construction of terrace
houses in Malaysia to protect occupants from the sunlight, car parking, and
social event purposes. However, there is still a lack of study investigating the
effect of overhang in a windy area of terrace houses despite its effect on the
flow modification around the building. Therefore, in this paper, a series of
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed using
Reynolds Average Navier Stokes(RANS) equations and renormalization
group (RNG) k – ε as the turbulence closure model. Simulations were
conducted on a unity aspect ratio of two-dimensional street canyon
representing the low-rise terrace house area in a flat roof shape and three
different overhang conditions. The protruding overhangs were significantly
modified the in-canyon flow structure as it limited the penetration of the
above flow into the canyon as compared to the without overhang case. In
addition, spatially-averaged ? of the turbulent kinetic energy depicted that
the value decreased within the canyon, demonstrating the independence of
the overhang location. It is recommended to perform a further study on the
ventilation performance of the street canyon through evaluation of
ventilation indices such as ventilation rate, air exchange rate (ACH), and
pollutant exchange rate (PCH).
Fulltext A comparative analysis on question classification task based on deep learning approaches

Zulqarnain M, Khalaf Zager Alsaedi A, Ghazali R, Ghouse MG, Sharif W, Aida Husaini N

PeerJ Comput Sci, 2021;7:e570.
PMID: 34435091 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.570

Question classification is one of the essential tasks for automatic question answering implementation in natural language processing (NLP). Recently, there have been several text-mining issues such as text classification, document categorization, web mining, sentiment analysis, and spam filtering that have been successfully achieved by deep learning approaches. In this study, we illustrated and investigated our work on certain deep learning approaches for question classification tasks in an extremely inflected Turkish language. In this study, we trained and tested the deep learning architectures on the questions dataset in Turkish. In addition to this, we used three main deep learning approaches (Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)) and we also applied two different deep learning combinations of CNN-GRU and CNN-LSTM architectures. Furthermore, we applied the Word2vec technique with both skip-gram and CBOW methods for word embedding with various vector sizes on a large corpus composed of user questions. By comparing analysis, we conducted an experiment on deep learning architectures based on test and 10-cross fold validation accuracy. Experiment results were obtained to illustrate the effectiveness of various Word2vec techniques that have a considerable impact on the accuracy rate using different deep learning approaches. We attained an accuracy of 93.7% by using these techniques on the question dataset.
Fulltext Amorphous phase of SnO2 doped Al2O3 thin film: optical and structural properties

Puteri Sarah Mohamad Saad, Muhammad Nizar Aiman Mohd Zani, Anees Aziz, Hashimah Hashim

ESTEEM Academic Journal, 2021;17(2):23-31.
MyJurnal

Tin Oxide (SnO2) is an n-type semiconductor with a direct bandgap of 3.6eV.
It is highly conductive, transparent, and gas sensitive. The SnO2 can be
unstable depending on certain parameters and methods to prepare it. In this
work, the thin film of SnO2 doped with Al2O3 was deposited by
electrospinning on glass substrates. The thin films were then annealed at
100°C, 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, and then the optical and physical films
were examined. Measurements of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Microscope
were performed for structural and morphological analysis. The optical
characteristics were analyzed using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. As the
annealing temperature increases, the optical transmittance also increases
due to the increase in film homogeneity and the degree of crystallinity of the
film. The rise in temperature leads to a decrease in absorption values.
Fulltext Principles and strategies for aisles communities empowerment in creating Makassar Healthy City, Indonesia

Palutturi S, Saleh LM, Rachmat M, Malek JA, Nam EW

Gac Sanit, 2021 4 10;35 Suppl 1:S46-S48.
PMID: 33832625 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.12.013

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the characteristics of the aisles communities and to identify the principles and strategies for empowering alley communities in realizing the Makassar Healthy City.
METHOD: The method used in this research was a qualitative method. Data collection was carried out through an extensive literature review, FGD, and in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
RESULTS: This research identified the characteristics of the aisles community. This research also found that empowerment of aisles communities can be built with holistic principles, commitment to alley health, leadership, participation, synergy, independence, equality, and sustainability. The development strategies for the aisle communities can be carried out through regulation, the principles of brains and muscles (thinkers and workers), organizations/work groups, community education, funding, and advocacy.
CONCLUSION: Synergy and convergence action of the aisles program that has the leverage/effect in realizing a clean, comfortable, safe, healthy, and productive aisles is needed.
Fulltext Spatial-temporal pattern of mosquito-borne disease occurrence based on epidemiological data: a case study from Terengganu

Nik Muhammad Hanif Nik Abdull Halim, Nazri Che Dom, Rahmat Dapari

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(4):153-161.
MyJurnal

Introduction: The trend of several mosquito-borne diseases in Malaysia has shown an increasing pattern over the past few years despite close monitoring and continuous control initiatives by public health authority. The objective of this study is to determine the spatial and temporal epidemiology of mosquito-borne disease in Terengganu from the year 2009 to 2018. Terengganu has been selected because it is geographically unique and experiences two monsoon seasons per year. Methods: Weekly surveillance data of mosquito-borne diseases which include dengue fever, malaria, filariasis, Japanese Encephalitis (JE) and chikungunya from 2009 to 2018 were collected from the Terengganu State Health Department. The variables included in the dataset mainly comprises of disease onset, di- agnosis, case category, area (district) and site of onset. The data has been monitored spatial and temporal in which to explore the distribution pattern of the disease. The annual average for each type of mosquito-borne disease was determined using time-series and is further analysed by using geographical information system (GIS) tools to form spatial statistical analysis. Results: Results indicate that the temporal distribution of the mosquito-borne disease in Terengganu increases slightly despite a fluctuating pattern from the year 2009 to 2018 and there are between each type of mosquito-borne disease. Spatial analysis showed different stratification between seasons as well as the areas that are more susceptible to each disease. Conclusion: The results obtained in this present study through spatial and temporal analysis revealed that mosquito-borne diseases show a dynamic pattern in distribution. It can be concluded that the occurrence of the diseases depends on the geographical area and the weather within the region. This study provides public health authorities with a comprehensive assessment that will be useful for surveillance and monitor- ing, as well as for predicting and managing mosquito-borne disease outbreaks effectively.

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