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NURSES' KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HEPATITIS C VIRUS IN BAGHDAD TEACHING HOSPITALS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Alzubaidi Z, Al-Attar W

Georgian Med News, 2023 Feb.
PMID: 37042584

Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) considered one of the main reasons in Iraq to cause chronic liver disease, which may progress to life-threatening outcomes. Nurses' knowledge about the HCV will impact their practice of standard precaution when managing HCV patients. The present study aimed to assess the nurses' knowledge about HCV in Baghdad teaching hospitals. A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed via distribution of HCV info questionnaires to 150 nurses in three Baghdad teaching hospitals (Al-Kindi, Al-Elwyia pediatric and Sheikh Zayed hospitals). The questionnaire format consists of nurses' demographic data (age, gender, educational level, marital status, years of experience in hospital, workplace in hospital, attending training courses and information sources) and nurses' knowledge of hepatitis C virus (nature of the disease, transmission, prevention, and treatment). The mean score of the knowledge showed fair grade with 66.66±12.9%. As the highest correct percentage displayed in nature of the disease (73%) and treatment (72%). Whereas the lowest correct percentage presented in transmission (69%) and prevention (48.3%). The results exhibited significant difference between the nurses' knowledge about treatment with the information sources (P<0.05), about transmission and prevention with the hospital workplace (P<0.05), and about prevention with the educational level (P<0.005). Continuing educational programs are essential to increase awareness of HCV among the nurses.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Teaching
Fulltext The use of feedback in teaching undergraduate dental students: feedback sandwich or Ask-Tell-Ask model?

Lin GSS, Tan WW, Hashim H, Foong CC

BMC Oral Health, 2023 Jun 23;23(1):417.
PMID: 37353763 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03141-5

BACKGROUND: Feedback is regarded as a key component of formative assessment and one of the elements with the greatest impact on students' academic learning. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare students' perceptions of the use of two feedback models, namely feedback sandwich and Ask-Tell-Ask (ATA), in teaching dental materials science courses.
METHODS: All undergraduate second-year dental students were invited to participate in the dental materials science practical session and were randomly allocated into two groups: Group 1 (feedback) sandwich and Group 2 (ATA). The session began with the teacher giving a short briefing on the commonly used dental materials, followed by a short demonstration of the manipulation of those materials. Students were then allowed to mix and manipulate the materials, and teachers provided feedback accordingly. At the end of the session, 16 close-ended (five-point Likert scales) and an open-ended questionnaire were distributed to students to evaluate their perceptions of the feedback given. Internal reliability of the questionnaire items was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Mean feedback scores were analysed using an independent t-test with ANCOVA for controlling gender and ethnicity. Thematic analysis was used to code the qualitative data.
RESULTS: Sixty-nine students participated in the present study with the majority being females (72.5%) and Chinese (79.7%). Cronbach's alpha analysis suggested removing three Likert-scale items, with the remaining 13 items being accepted. Generally, no significant difference was noted between the two groups (p = 0.197), but three items were found to be significant (p

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching
Appropriate Antibiotic Administration in Critically Ill Patients with Pneumonia

Khan RA, Bakry MM, Islahudin F

Indian J Pharm Sci, 2015 7 17;77(3):299-305.
PMID: 26180275

Inappropriate initial antibiotics for pneumonia infection are usually linked to extended intensive care unit stay and are associated with an increased risk of mortality. This study evaluates the impact of inappropriate initial antibiotics on the length of intensive care unit stay, risk of mortality and the co-predictors that influences these outcomes. This retrospective study was conducted in an intensive care unit of a teaching hospital. The types of pneumonia investigated were hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Three different time points were defined as the initiation of appropriate antibiotics at 24 h, between 24 to 48 h and at more than 48 h after obtaining a culture. Patients had either hospital-acquired pneumonia (59.1%) or ventilator-associated pneumonia (40.9%). The length of intensive care unit stay ranged from 1 to 52 days (mean; 9.78±10.02 days). Patients who received appropriate antibiotic agent at 24 h had a significantly shorter length of intensive care unit stay (5.62 d, P<0.001). The co-predictors that contributed to an extended intensive care unit stay were the time of availability of susceptibility results and concomitant diseases, namely cancer and sepsis. The only predictor of intensive care unit death was cancer. The results support the need for early appropriate initial antibiotic therapy in hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia infections.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Teaching
Fulltext Beyond digital interfaces: The human element in online teaching and its influence on student experiences

Chai SS, Ting SH, Goh KL, Chang YHR, Wee BL, Novita D, et al.

PLoS One, 2024;19(7):e0307262.
PMID: 39083489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307262

Amidst the digital transformation of education, the essence of the human touch in online teaching remains pivotal. Despite growing literature, there remains a significant gap in understanding how the human element in online teaching directly influences student engagement and learning outcomes, especially in diverse educational contexts. This study develops a quantifiable index capturing the essence of humanized online teaching and investigates the determinants influencing this humanization. Additionally, an index encapsulating students' online learning experiences, as perceived by their instructors, has been constructed. Bridging these indices, the research unravels the intricate relationship between the humanization of online teaching and the resulting student experiences in the virtual realm. Sourced from a self-constructed questionnaire and encompassing responses from 152 instructors across 22 Malaysian institutions, the data revealed an average incorporation of 81.38% humanized online teaching elements. Key determinants, such as subject matter, teaching experience, Internet quality, and platform choices, emerged as significant influences. A regression model showed approximately 31.7% (R-squared = 0.317, p<0.001) of the variation in the dependent variable. A significant moderate positive correlation (r = 0.423, p<0.001) between the Humanized Online Teaching Index and the Students' Online Learning Experiences Index highlights the intertwined nature of humanized instructional methodologies and enhanced student engagement in online settings. Though contextualised during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, the study's implications transcend the immediate circumstances, offering transformative insights for future online teaching methodologies and enhancing student experiences in the evolving digital age.

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching
Fulltext A retrospective study on molecular epidemiology trends of carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a teaching hospital in Malaysia

Kong ZX, N Karunakaran R, Abdul Jabar K, Ponnampalavanar S, Chong CW, Teh CSJ

PeerJ, 2022;10:e12830.
PMID: 35223201 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12830

BACKGROUND: Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has rapidly disseminated worldwide and has become a global threat to the healthcare system due to its resistance towards "last line" antibiotics. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of CRE and the resistance mechanism as well as the risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality.
METHODS: A total of 168 CRE strains isolated from a tertiary teaching hospital from 2014-2015 were included in this study. The presence of carbapenemase genes and minimum inhibitory concentration of imipenem, meropenem and colistin were investigated. All carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) strains were characterised by PFGE. The risk factors of patients infected by CRE associated with in-hospital mortality were determined statistically.
RESULTS: The predominant CRE species isolated was K. pneumoniae. The carbapenemases detected were blaOXA-48, blaOXA-232, blaVIM and blaNDM of which blaOXA-48 was the predominant carbapenemase detected among 168 CRE strains. A total of 40 CRE strains harboured two different carbapenemase genes. A total of seven clusters and 48 pulsotypes were identified among 140 CRKp strains. A predominant pulsotype responsible for the transmission from 2014 to 2015 was identified. Univariate statistical analysis identified that the period between CRE isolation and start of appropriate therapy of more than 3 days was statistically associated with in-hospital mortality.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Teaching
Influencing secondary school STUDENTS' conservation behavior intention through an interpretive education program on the malayan tapir

Lim EA, Manohar M, Aziz A, Zakaria M

Eval Program Plann, 2016 10;58:60-69.
PMID: 27315301 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.05.008
Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/organization & administration*
The role of student surgical interest groups and surgical Olympiads in anatomical and surgical undergraduate training in Russia

Dydykin S, Kapitonova M

Anat Sci Educ, 2015 Sep-Oct;8(5):471-7.
PMID: 25688979 DOI: 10.1002/ase.1523

Traditional department-based surgical interest groups in Russian medical schools are useful tools for student-based selection of specialty training. They also form a nucleus for initiating research activities among undergraduate students. In Russia, the Departments of Topographical Anatomy and Operative Surgery play an important role in initiating student-led research and providing learners with advanced, practical surgical skills. In tandem with department-led activities, student surgical interest groups prepare learners through surgical competitions, known as "Surgical Olympiads," which have been conducted in many Russian centers on a regular basis since 1988. Surgical Olympiads stimulate student interest in the development of surgical skills before graduation and encourage students to choose surgery as their postgraduate specialty. Many of the participants in these surgical Olympiads have become highly qualified specialists in general surgery, orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, urology, gynecology, and emergency medicine. The present article emphasizes the role of student interest groups and surgical Olympiads in clinical anatomical and surgical undergraduate training in Russia.

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods*
The relationship between job satisfaction and intention to leave current employment among registered nurses in a teaching hospital

Ramoo V, Abdullah KL, Piaw CY

J Clin Nurs, 2013 Nov;22(21-22):3141-52.
PMID: 24118518 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12260

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To assess Malaysian nurses' perceived job satisfaction and to determine whether any association exists between job satisfaction and intention to leave current employment.
BACKGROUND: There is currently a shortage of qualified nurses, and healthcare organisations often face challenges in retaining trained nurses. Job satisfaction has been identified as a factor that influences nurse turnover. However, this has not been widely explored in Malaysia.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey.
METHODS: Registered nurses in a teaching hospital in Malaysia completed a self-administered questionnaire. Of the 150 questionnaires distributed, 141 were returned (response rate = 94%).
RESULTS: Overall, nurses had a moderate level of job satisfaction, with higher satisfaction for motivational factors. Significant effects were observed between job satisfaction and demographic variables. About 40% of the nurses intended to leave their current employment. Furthermore, age, work experience and nursing education had significant associations with intention to leave. Logistic regression analysis revealed that job satisfaction was a significant and independent predictor of nurses' intention to leave after controlling for demographic variables.
CONCLUSION: The results suggest that there is a significant association between job satisfaction and nurses' intention to leave their current employment. It adds to the existing literature on the relationship between nurses' job satisfaction and intention to leave.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Methods for enhancing nurses' job satisfaction are vital to promote the long-term retention of nurses within organisations. Attention must be paid to the needs of younger nurses, as they represent the majority of the nursing workforce and often have lower satisfaction and greater intention to leave than older nurses do. Strategies to nurture younger nurses, such as providing opportunities for further education, greater management decision-making capabilities and flexible working environment, are essential.
KEYWORDS: Malaysian nurses; intention to leave; job satisfaction; nursing; teaching hospital; turnover

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Teaching/manpower*
Fulltext Teaching medical students neonatal resuscitation: knowledge gained and retained from a brief simulation-based training workshop

Lai NM, Ngim CF, Fullerton PD

Educ Health (Abingdon), 2012 Nov;25(2):105-10.
PMID: 23823593 DOI: 10.4103/1357-6283.103457

Despite being an essential clinical skill, many junior doctors feel unprepared to perform neonatal resuscitation. We introduced a neonatal resuscitation training workshop in 2009 for our final-year medical students.

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods*
Indian dental students' preferences regarding lecture courses

Parolia A, Mohan M, Kundabala M, Shenoy R

J Dent Educ, 2012 Mar;76(3):366-71.
PMID: 22383607

Teaching and learning activities in the dental clinic or hospital are a challenging area for students as well as teachers. With various teaching methodologies being used in dental schools around the world, gaining greater understanding of students' attitudes toward these methodologies would be useful for dental educators. The objective of this study was to explore the preferences of dental students in India about various aspects of lecture courses. A structured survey consisting of ten closed-ended questions was developed, and 2,680 undergraduate students from forty-three dental schools in India were approached via e-mail with a follow-up postal mailing. Of these, 1,980 students responded, for a response rate of 73.8 percent. Most of the students reported preferring lectures with the aid of PowerPoint and chalkboard. They preferred morning lectures from 8 am to 10 am for a maximum of thirty to forty minutes for each lecture, and they preferred to receive information about the lecture topic in advance. The students said that delivery of clinical demonstrations was beneficial after the lectures, and they preferred learning-based rather than exam-oriented education. The respondents also said that attendance should be made compulsory and that numerical marking of examinations should not be replaced by a grading system.

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods*
Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in a teaching hospital in northeastern Malaysia

Haslina MN, Khairiah Y, Zainy DZ, Shafini MY, Rosnah B, Marini R

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2012 May;43(3):668-73.
PMID: 23077846

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HCV infection and the signal/cutoff (S/CO) value for false reactive, false positive, indeterminate and true positive HCV infection among apparently healthy blood donors in our area. This retrospective study was conducted at the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from June 2008 to June 2009. Blood samples were screened for anti-HCV using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Reactive cases were confirmed by recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA). Sixty-one blood donors were found to be reactive after the first screening test. Twenty-nine blood donors had reactive repeat screening, with only 9 samples being true positives. The S/ CO for false reactive, false positive, indeterminate and true positive anti-HCV samples were 1.02 to 1.45, 1.01 to 2.09, 1.07 to 2.43 and 35.95 to 119.89, respectively. The analysis showed the low incidence of HCV infections among blood donors in our area, however, thorough donor screening and stringent selection criteria are still recommended to eliminate high risk donors to improve our blood transfusion service.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Teaching/statistics & numerical data*
Fulltext Integrating an open-source course management system (Moodle) into the teaching of a first-year medical physiology course: a case study

Seluakumaran K, Jusof FF, Ismail R, Husain R

Adv Physiol Educ, 2011 Dec;35(4):369-77.
PMID: 22139773 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00008.2011

Educators in medical schools around the world are presently experimenting with innovative ways of using web-based learning to supplement the existing teaching and learning process. We have recently used a popular open-source course management system (CMS) called the modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment (Moodle) to construct an online site (DPhysiol) to facilitate our face-to-face teaching of physiology to a group of first-year students in the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery program. The integration of the Moodle site into our teaching was assessed using online log activity, student examination marks, and feedback from students. The freely available Moodle platform was simple to use, helped to effectively deliver course materials, and has features that allowed cooperative learning. Students who used the CMS throughout their academic year and commented favorably regarding its use as a complement to the face-to-face classroom sessions. The group of students used the CMS obtained significantly higher scores in the final examination compared with the previous class that did not use the CMS. In addition, there was a significant correlation between student participation and performance in online quizzes and their final examination marks. However, students' overall online usage of the CMS did not correlate with their examination marks. We recommend Moodle as a useful tool for physiology educators who are interested in integrating web-based learning into their existing teaching curriculum.

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods*
Reflections on a decade of research by ASEAN dental faculties: analysis of publications from ISI-WOS databases from 2000 to 2009

Sirisinha S, Koontongkaew S, Phantumvanit P, Wittayawuttikul R

J Investig Clin Dent, 2011 May;2(2):72-80.
PMID: 25426599 DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1626.2011.00048.x

This communication analyzed research publications in dentistry in the Institute of Scientific Information Web of Science databases of 10 dental faculties in the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) from 2000 to 2009. The term used for the "all-document types" search was "Faculty of Dentistry/College of Dentistry." Abstracts presented at regional meetings were also included in the analysis. The Times Higher Education System QS World University Rankings showed that universities in the region fare poorly in world university rankings. Only the National University of Singapore and Nanyang Technological University appeared in the top 100 in 2009; 19 universities in the region, including Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, appeared in the top 500. Data from the databases showed that research publications by dental institutes in the region fall short of their Asian counterparts. Singapore and Thailand are the most active in dental research of the ASEAN countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/standards
Student-involved demonstration approach to teach the physiology of vestibular apparatus for undergraduate medical students

Narayanan SN, Kumar RS, Nayak S

Teach Learn Med, 2011 Jul-Sep;23(3):269-77.
PMID: 21745063 DOI: 10.1080/10401334.2011.586930

It is quite difficult to teach complex topics like the physiology of vestibular apparatus to undergraduate students. Understanding the orientation and mode of stimulation of receptors in vestibular apparatus is also quite challenging for the students. As faculty we attempt to use innovative methods to teach physiology and enhance student learning.

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods*
Model construction by students within an integrated medical curriculum

Barling PM, Ramasamy P

Clin Teach, 2011 Mar;8(1):37-42.
PMID: 21324071 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-498X.2010.00419.x

This paper presents our experience of running a special study module (SSM) in the second semester of the first year of our 5-year medical programme, worth 10 per cent of that semester's assessment, in which each student constructs an individually selected model illustrating a specific aspect of the teaching course.

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods*
Fulltext Stimulating student interest in physiology: the intermedical school physiology quiz

Cheng HM

Adv Physiol Educ, 2010 Mar;34(1):20-1.
PMID: 20237230 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00096.2009
Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods*
Fulltext Needlestick injury among medical personnel in Accident and Emergency Department of two teaching hospitals

Ng YW, Hassim IN

Med J Malaysia, 2007 Mar;62(1):9-12.
PMID: 17682562

Needlestick injury has been recognized as one of the occupational hazards which results in transmission of bloodborne pathogens. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 136 health care workers in the Accident and Emergency Department of two teaching hospitals from August to November 2003 to determine the prevalence of cases and episodes of needlestick injury. In addition, this study also assessed the level of knowledge of blood-borne diseases and Universal Precautions, risk perception on the practice of Universal Precautions and to find out factors contributing to needlestick injury. Prevalence of needlestick injury among the health care workers in the two hospitals were found to be 31.6% (N = 43) and 52.9% (N = 87) respectively. Among different job categories, medical assistants appeared to face the highest risk of needlestick injury. Factors associated with needlestick injury included shorter tenure in one's job (p < 0.05). Findings of this study support the hypothesis that health care workers are at risk of needlestick injury while performing procedures on patients. Therefore, comprehensive infection control strategies should be applied to effectively reduce the risk of needlestick injury.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Teaching*
The ''perfect teacher'' and the story of his ''zero defects'' project

Prakash ES

Adv Physiol Educ, 2007 Dec;31(4):373.
PMID: 18057415
Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods
'Schools without walls?' Developments and challenges in dental outreach teaching - report of a recent symposium

Eaton KA, de Vries J, Widström E, Gait TC, Bedi R, Meyers I, et al.

Eur J Dent Educ, 2006 Nov;10(4):186-91.
PMID: 17038009

During the 2004 annual meeting of the International Association for Dental Research, the Education Research Group held a symposium on dental outreach teaching. After a brief introduction, which reviews relevant aspects of the relatively sparse literature, this paper summarises the proceedings, the themes and conclusions that emerged and the research issues that were identified. It aims to describe aspects of current practice around the world and to promote future discussion. Presenters gave details of outreach programmes for dental undergraduates in Australia, Finland, Malaysia (and Southeast Asia), the United Kingdom and the United States. From these presentations four themes emerged. They were: reasons for the introduction of outreach teaching, its perceived beneficial effects, organisational issues, educational issues. The reasons included a recognition of the need to educate dental undergraduates as members of 'care teams' in the environments and communities where they were ultimately like to work and the current shortage of both suitable patients and teachers (faculty) in many dental schools. A wide range of potential benefits and some disadvantages were identified. The organisational issues were, in the main, seen to relate to finance and administration. The educational issues included the need to train and monitor the performance of teachers at outreach clinics and to assess the performance of the undergraduates whilst at the outreach locations. It was concluded that new technology made it easier to teach at a distance and it was possible to create a dental 'school without walls'. It was recognised that few evaluations of dental outreach teaching have been carried out and that there were many research questions to be answered, including: whether it should be a voluntary or compulsory part of the undergraduate curriculum, how long it should last and what type of outcomes should be assessed.

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods
Fulltext Job dissatisfaction in lecturers in School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia and Faculty of Medicine Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Huda BZ, Rusli BN, Naing L, Tengku MA, Winn T, Rampal KG

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Jun;59(2):242-51.
PMID: 15559176 MyJurnal

Job dissatisfaction in doctors and teachers is known to have direct consequences on the quality of service and teaching for patients and students respectively. A cross-sectional study to assess dissatisfaction in lecturers of School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) and Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) was undertaken between August 2001 and May 2002. The original English version of the Job Content Questionnaire (CQ) version 1.7 (revised 1997) by Robert Karasek was self-administered to 73 (response rate 58.4%) and 80 (response rate 41.7%) lecturers in the medical faculties of USM and UKM, respectively. The prevalence of job dissatisfaction in USM and UKM lecturers were 42.6% and 42.9%, respectively; the difference was not significant (p>0.05). Risk factors of job dissatisfaction in USM lecturers were decision authority (p<0.001) and psychological job demand (p<0.001). Significant risk factors of job dissatisfaction in UKM lecturers were skill discretion (p<0.01) and psychological job demand (p<0.001). We conclude that psychological job demand was a risk factor of job dissatisfaction in both USM and UKM lecturers; in USM, decision authority was protective, while in UKM, skill discretion was protective against job dissatisfaction.

Matched MeSH terms: Teaching*

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