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Fulltext Massive subdural empyema

Md Noh MSF, Bahari N

Oxf Med Case Reports, 2018 Sep;2018(9):omy065.
PMID: 30159156 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omy065
Fulltext Tuberculous Myelopathy Associated with Longitudinally Extensive Lesion: A Clinicoradiological Review of Reported Cases

Md Noh MSF, Bahari N, Abdul Rashid AM

J Clin Neurol, 2020 Jul;16(3):369-375.
PMID: 32657056 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2020.16.3.369

Acute transverse myelitis is an inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord in which there is no evidence of spinal cord compression. Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is a specific subtype of acute transverse myelitis that usually affects three or more vertebral levels and produces marked neurological deficits. While the most-common cause of LETM is neuromyelitis optica or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, there are rare cases of other causes mimicking this condition, including tuberculosis (TB). We sought to review the clinicoradiological features of TB myelopathy associated with longitudinally extensive lesion, which may mimic LETM, in the English literature. We searched the PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for relevant articles using search terms including "longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis," "tuberculosis," "TB spinal cord," and various combinations of these expressions. Full-text papers were selected without limiting the publication year. We also examined the reference lists of key papers to identify further articles that are potentially relevant. We found 10 cases in 7 papers describing TB myelopathy associated with longitudinally extensive lesion. The demographics, clinical features, relevant cerebrospinal fluid findings, and radiological findings were compiled and summarized. TB myelopathy associated with longitudinally extensive lesion is very rare, with no documented prevalence. Early and accurate diagnosis is important since the condition is potentially treatable.
Tuberculous (TB) myelopathy associated with longitudinally extensive lesion: A case report

Noh MSF, Bahari N, Abdul Rashid AM

J Neuroradiol, 2021 Nov;48(6):453-455.
PMID: 31837378 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2019.12.002
Fulltext Pediatric critical illness associated cerebral microhemorrhages

Abdul Rashid AM, Bahari N, Md Noh MSF

eNeurologicalSci, 2020 Mar;18:100221.
PMID: 31909229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100221
Fulltext S gene mutants occurrence among hepatitis B carriers in malaysia

Suppiah J, Mohd Zain R, Bahari N, Haji Nawi S, Saat Z

Hepat Mon, 2014 Dec;14(12):e22565.
PMID: 25737728 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.22565

The S gene region of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) codes for surface antigen (HBs Ag) and is responsible for classification of HBV strains.
Fulltext Drug-resistance associated mutations in polymerase (p) gene of hepatitis B virus isolated from malaysian HBV carriers

Suppiah J, Mohd Zain R, Haji Nawi S, Bahari N, Saat Z

Hepat Mon, 2014 Jan;14(1):e13173.
PMID: 24497877 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.13173

Mutations in the polymerase (P) gene of hepatitis B virus are often associated with drug resistance. The pattern of mutations varies geographically, thus giving rise to genotypes diversity.
Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Malaysian tertiary centre

Rashid ZZ, Bahari N, Othman A, Jaafar R, Mohamed NA, Jabbari I, et al.

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2013 Jan;44(1):104-8.
PMID: 23682444

Abstract. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is a pathogen recognized to be distinct in both phenotype and genotype from hospital-acquired MRSA. We have identified CA-MRSA cases in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, including their antibiotic susceptibility patterns and genotypic characteristics. Cases were identified during January to December 2009 from routine clinical specimens, where culture and antibiotic susceptibility results yielded pauci-resistant MRSA isolates suspected as being CA-MRSA. The patients' clinical data were collected and their specimens were sent for molecular confirmation and analysis. Five cases of CA-MRSA were identified, which had a multi-sensitive pattern on antibiotic susceptibility tests and were resistant to only penicillin and oxacillin. All cases were skin and soft-tissue infections, including diabetic foot with gangrene, infected scalp hematoma, philtrum abscess in a healthcare worker, thrombophlebitis complicated with abscess and infected bedsore. All five cases were confirmed MRSA by detection of mecA. SCCmec typing (ccr and mec complex) revealed SCCmec type IV for all cases except the infected bedsore case. Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene was positive in all isolates. As clinical features among methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, CA-MRSA and "nosocomial CA-MRSA" are indistinct, early recognition is necessary in order to initiate appropriate antibiotics and infection control measures. Continual surveillance of pauci-resistant MRSA and molecular analysis are necessary in order to identify emerging strains as well as their epidemiology and transmission, both in the community and in healthcare setting.
Fulltext G1896A Precore Mutation and Association With HBeAg Status, Genotype and Clinical Status in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B

Suppiah J, Mohd Zain R, Bahari N, Haji Nawi S, Saat Z

Hepat Mon, 2015 Oct;15(10):e31490.
PMID: 26587040 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.31490

Precore stop codon (G1896A) mutation is one of the commonest mutations found in patients with chronic hepatitis B. However, over the years, this mutation was not reported much in Malaysia.
Fulltext Cryptococcus gattii meningitis complicated by immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in an apparent immunocompetent host in Malaysia

Chang CY, Mohd Shah SH, Lio JY, Bahari N, Radhakrishnan AP

Med Mycol Case Rep, 2022 Mar;35:1-4.
PMID: 34984166 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2021.12.004

Cryptococcosis is a systemic fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans or Cryptococcus gattii. Cryptococcus causes a wide range of diseases, ranging from asymptomatic pulmonary lesions to disseminated disease involving the central nervous system, particularly meningoencephalitis. C. gattii infection has rarely been reported in Malaysia. We present a case of C. gattii meningitis with pulmonary cryptococcosis complicated by immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in an apparently immunocompetent person with no prior travel history.
Role of Honey as a Bifunctional Reducing and Capping/Stabilizing Agent: Application for Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

Bahari N, Hashim N, Abdan K, Md Akim A, Maringgal B, Al-Shdifat L

Nanomaterials (Basel), 2023 Mar 31;13(7).
PMID: 37049336 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071244

The use of natural reducing and capping agents has gained importance as a way to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs) in an environmentally sustainable manner. Increasing numbers of studies have been published on the green synthesis of NPs using natural sources such as bacteria, fungi, and plants. In recent years, the use of honey in the synthesis of metal and metal oxide NPs has become a new and promising area of research. Honey acts as both a stabilizing and reducing agent in the NP synthesis process and serves as a precursor. This review focuses on the use of honey in the synthesis of silver NPs (Ag-NPs) and zinc oxide NPs (ZnO-NPs), emphasizing its role as a reducing and capping agent. Additionally, a comprehensive examination of the bio-based reducing and capping/stabilizing agents used in the honey-mediated biosynthesis mechanism is provided. Finally, the review looks forward to environmentally friendly methods for NP synthesis.
Fulltext Recurrent glomangiomas of the ankle: a case report

Saini SM, Hamid SA, Abdul Rashid SN, Bahari N, Fakhrizzaki AA, Abu Hassan H, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2013 Aug;68(4):356-7.
PMID: 24145267 MyJurnal
Awareness, perception and experience on child restraint system (CRS) and its legislation among Malaysian parents with newborns

Ang JY, Lai JM, Hss AS, Ramalingam P, Ramasamy M, Zainuddin NS, et al.

Traffic Inj Prev, 2020;21(4):278-282.
PMID: 32297815 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2020.1746773

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore parents' awareness and usage of CRS, incentives and challenges in CRS use, as well as their perception about potential CRS legislation in Malaysia.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a public tertiary care center in Northern Malaysia. A self-developed researcher-assisted questionnaire was developed in English and translated into Malay language, to explore parents' awareness ad CRS usage, as well as the incentives and barriers in CRS use. Parents of a newborn were conveniently sampled, excluding parents with pre-term newborn or those without a car. Upon obtaining written informed consent, the parents were allowed to answer the questionnaire within 20 minutes, assisted by the researchers. Parents who were found not using CRS for their newborn were given a digital pamphlet with CRS-related information via mobile devices.Results: A total of 200 parents were approached and 193 of them consented to participate in this study. The majority of the parents (87.6%) were aware of CRS, but only half of them (57.0%) provided a CRS for their current newborn. From 100 CRS users, most of them used a CRS for "child's safety" purposes (84.5%). Among 83 CRS nonuser, nearly half of them (45.8%) perceived that it is adequate to carry their child during traveling without using a CRS. When exploring previous experience in using CRS among all parents (n = 193), more than half of them (63.9%) faced difficulty as their child refused to use the CRS. More than half (54.9%) of all parents were not aware about the possible CRS legislation in Malaysia. However, the majority of them (90.7%) agreed with the implementation of CRS law.Conclusions: Although majority of the parents were aware about CRS, but only half had a CRS for their current newborn. Most of the parents supported CRS legislation in Malaysia, but assistance will be required to help them through challenges related to CRS use.
Fulltext Development of a passive liquid valve (PLV) utilizing a pressure equilibrium phenomenon on the centrifugal microfluidic platform

Al-Faqheri W, Ibrahim F, Thio TH, Bahari N, Arof H, Rothan HA, et al.

Sensors (Basel), 2015 Feb 25;15(3):4658-76.
PMID: 25723143 DOI: 10.3390/s150304658

In this paper, we propose an easy-to-implement passive liquid valve (PLV) for the microfluidic compact-disc (CD). This valve can be implemented by introducing venting chambers to control the air flow of the source and destination chambers. The PLV mechanism is based on equalizing the main forces acting on the microfluidic CD (i.e., the centrifugal and capillary forces) to control the burst frequency of the source chamber liquid. For a better understanding of the physics behind the proposed PLV, an analytical model is described. Moreover, three parameters that control the effectiveness of the proposed valve, i.e., the liquid height, liquid density, and venting chamber position with respect to the CD center, are tested experimentally. To demonstrate the ability of the proposed PLV valve, microfluidic liquid switching and liquid metering are performed. In addition, a Bradford assay is performed to measure the protein concentration and evaluated in comparison to the benchtop procedure. The result shows that the proposed valve can be implemented in any microfluidic process that requires simplicity and accuracy. Moreover, the developed valve increases the flexibility of the centrifugal CD platform for passive control of the liquid flow without the need for an external force or trigger.
Contemporary evidence of workplace violence against the primary healthcare workforce worldwide: a systematic review

Yusoff HM, Ahmad H, Ismail H, Reffin N, Chan D, Kusnin F, et al.

Hum Resour Health, 2023 Oct 13;21(1):82.
PMID: 37833727 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-023-00868-8

Violence against healthcare workers recently became a growing public health concern and has been intensively investigated, particularly in the tertiary setting. Nevertheless, little is known of workplace violence against healthcare workers in the primary setting. Given the nature of primary healthcare, which delivers essential healthcare services to the community, many primary healthcare workers are vulnerable to violent events. Since the Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978, the number of epidemiological studies on workplace violence against primary healthcare workers has increased globally. Nevertheless, a comprehensive review summarising the significant results from previous studies has not been published. Thus, this systematic review was conducted to collect and analyse recent evidence from previous workplace violence studies in primary healthcare settings. Eligible articles published in 2013-2023 were searched from the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed literature databases. Of 23 included studies, 16 were quantitative, four were qualitative, and three were mixed method. The extracted information was analysed and grouped into four main themes: prevalence and typology, predisposing factors, implications, and coping mechanisms or preventive measures. The prevalence of violence ranged from 45.6% to 90%. The most commonly reported form of violence was verbal abuse (46.9-90.3%), while the least commonly reported was sexual assault (2-17%). Most primary healthcare workers were at higher risk of patient- and family-perpetrated violence (Type II). Three sub-themes of predisposing factors were identified: individual factors (victims' and perpetrators' characteristics), community or geographical factors, and workplace factors. There were considerable negative consequences of violence on both the victims and organisations. Under-reporting remained the key issue, which was mainly due to the negative perception of the effectiveness of existing workplace policies for managing violence. Workplace violence is a complex issue that indicates a need for more serious consideration of a resolution on par with that in other healthcare settings. Several research gaps and limitations require additional rigorous analytical and interventional research. Information pertaining to violent events must be comprehensively collected to delineate the complete scope of the issue and formulate prevention strategies based on potentially modifiable risk factors to minimise the negative implications caused by workplace violence.
Diffusion-weighted imaging in hyperacute haemorrhagic stroke patients presenting within thrombolysis window

Kamis MFAK, Ishak A, Bahari N, Yaakob MNM, Abdul Rahim E, Baharin J, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2023 Dec;78(7):890-892.
PMID: 38159923

INTRODUCTION: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proposed as the first line of neuroimaging for acute ischaemic stroke. The reliability of DWI in detecting intracranial haemorrhage, however, is still unproven, compared with susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and CT scan which being considered the gold standard. This study seeks to establish the reliability of DWI as a first-line imaging modality to detect the intracranial haemorrhage in the patients present within the thrombolysis window.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was performed on patients who presented to our institution from April 2020 until July 2021 for acute stroke and had MRI brain as first-line neuroimaging. A total of 31 subjects were included in this study. Two radiologists assessed the signal patterns in DWI sequence and compared them with SWI and CT Brain, whenever available, as the gold standard for observing the presence of intracranial haemorrhage.
RESULTS: The majority of patients with hyperacute bleed proven to be revealed on SWI or CT, thus showed characteristics of central hyperintensity and peripheral hypointense rim, on DWI. Slightly more than half (51.6%) presented with mild to moderate NIHSS scores (1-15). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of DWI in detecting intracranial intra-axial haemorrhages were exceptionally high. There is strong interobserver level of agreement in identifying central haemorrhagic signal intensity [kappa = 0.94 (0.06), p < 0.05].
CONCLUSION: This study supported the DWI sequence as a reliable sequence in MRI, to detect intracranial haemorrhage in hyperacute stroke.