MyMedR

Fungal disease of Malayan toads (Bufo melanostictus)

Dhaliwal SS, Griffiths DA

Sabouraudia, 1964 Oct;3(4):279-87.

The red cell 'X'-protein system in goats: evidence for a third allele in a Malaysian breed

Hasima N, Dhaliwal SS, Mukherjee TK

Anim. Genet., 1988;19(1):37-41.

Genetic polymorphism of the 'X'-protein in red cells from Malaysian Katjang goats was demonstrated by starch gel electrophoresis at pH 7.3. Two new phenotypes were observed, suggesting that one new allele is involved. A new nomenclature for the 'X'-protein system in goats is proposed.

A female Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus, with X0 sex chromosome constitution

Yong HS, Dhaliwal SS, Teh KL

Naturwissenschaften, 1989 Aug;76(8):387-8.

PMID: 2779669

Karyotypes of Hapalomys and Pithecheir (rodentia: Muridae) from peninsular Malaysia

Yong HS, Dhaliwal SS, Lim BL

Cytologia (Tokyo), 1982 Dec;47(3-4):535-8.

PMID: 7166052

Some enzyme polymorphisms in Malaysian mothers and their newborn

Yip MY, Dhaliwal SS, Yong HS

Hum. Hered., 1979;29(1):5-9.

PMID: 761922

Four red cell enzyme systems were studied in Malaysian mothers and their newborn belonging to three racial groups, the Malays, Indians and Chinese. No significant heterogeneity was observed in the distribution of phosphoglucomutase (PGM1), adenosine deaminase (ADA), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and acid phosphatase (AP) phenotypes between mothers and their newborn of the three groups. Pooled mother and child acid phosphatase data show a significant heterogeneity between the Malays and Chinese, and between the Malays and Indians. This is comparable to previous studies conducted. For the placental phosphoglucomutase (PGM3) system, a significant heterogeneity was observed between the Chinese and Malays only. No significant heterogeneity was detected in the distribution of PGM1, ADA and 6PGD phenotypes among Malays, Chinese and Indians.

Protein variation and systematics of three subgenera of Malayan rats (Rodentia: Muridae, genus Rattus Fischer)

Chan KL, Dhaliwal SS, Yong HS

Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B, 1979;64(4):329-37.

PMID: 318313

1. Nine erythrocyte proteins coded by a separate locus each were analysed in and among seven Malayan species of Rattus belonging to three subgenera. 2. Electrophoretic data obtained confirm the specific status of the seven taxa and divide the seven species into three groups which correspond with Ellerman's (1949) subgenera Stenomys, Maxomys and Leopoldamys. 3. A comparative study together with 11 other species of Malayan Rattus previously analysed show that, with few exceptions, the overall relationships among the 18 species based on electrophoretic data correspond well with conclusions based on morphological evidence. 4. Malayan species of Rattus are relatively very diverse genetically (S = 0.27, range 0.01-0.94).

Protein variation and systematics in Malayan rats of the subgenus Lenothrix (Rodentia: Muridae, genus Rattus Fischer)

Chan KL, Dhaliwal SS, Yong HS

Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B, 1978;59(4):345-51.

PMID: 318285

1. Electrophoretic variations of 9 erythrocyte proteins, coded by a separate gene locus each, were analysed in and among the 5 Malayan species of Rattus belonging to the subgenus Lenothrix. 2. The average proportion of loci heterozygous per individual for the taxa analysed is 0.037. 3. The results obtained confirm the specific status of the 5 taxa studied. With respect to the relative affinities among the species studied, the present results could resolve the discrepancies between conclusions based on morphological evidence and those based on cytological evidence. 4. The 5 species of Rattus studied may be assigned to 4 groups and comparative data suggest that these groups are relatively distantly related to one another.

Human chromosomal studies in Kuala Lumpur

Yip MY, Yong HS, Dhaliwal SS

Med J Malaysia, 1978 Jun;32(4):316-20.

PMID: 732631

Serum immunoglobulin levels in the Malaysian Orang Asli

Yadav M, Shah FH, Dhaliwal SS

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1978 Dec;9(4):501-9.

PMID: 751216

Serum immunoglobulin G, A, M, D and E levels were determined in the forest-dwelling Orang Asli of age group 8 to 64 years. The levels are higher than observed for urban Malaysians and comparable to levels reported for populations residing in the tropics. There was no significant difference in serum levels of all the immunoglobulins studied in both sexes. The elevated serum immunoglobulins levels are discussed in terms of the nature of the immune defence developed in the Orang Asli to contend with the many parasites prevalent in their environment.

Multiple alleles and low variability of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Peninsular Malaysia

Yong HS, Yao L, Dhaliwal SS, Cheong WH, Chiang GL

Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B, 1983;75(1):43-5.

PMID: 6406135

1. A total of 8 samples from three natural populations and a laboratory strain of Aedes albopictus were analysed for glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase phenotypes by means of horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis. 2. The electrophoretic phenotypes were governed by three codominant Gpd alleles. 3. There was low variability, with the heterozygosity in the variable samples ranging from 0.02 to 0.12. 4. The commonest allele in all the population samples was GpdB which encoded an electrophoretic band with intermediate mobility. 5. There was no temporal or spatial variation.

Multiple glucose phosphate isomerase alleles in Aedes albopictus (Diptera:Culicidae) from Peninsular Malaysia

Yong HS, Dhaliwal SS, Cheong WH, Chiagng GL

Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B, 1982;73(2):265-7.

PMID: 7172625

1. Three natural populations and a laboratory strain of Aedes albopictus were analysed for glucose phosphate isomerase by means of horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis. 2. The electrophoretic phenotypes were governed by five codominant Gpi alleles. 3. The commonest allele in all the four population samples was GpiC which encoded an electrophoretic band with intermediate mobility. 4. The distributions of GPI phenotypes were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg expectations. 5. The four population samples could be differentiated by the presence of a unique Gpi allele or the absence of a particular Gpi allele.

Fulltext The Validation and Improvement of a Food Literacy Behavior Checklist for Food Literacy Programs

Paynter E, Begley A, Butcher LM, Dhaliwal SS

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 12 16;18(24).

PMID: 34948890 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413282

Food literacy is a multidimensional construct required to achieve diet quality. The Food Sensations® for Adults (FSA) program aims to improve the food literacy of low to middle-income adults living in Western Australia and is funded by the Western Australian Department of Health. The original published behavior checklist used to measure change in food literacy has been revised based on experience of the facilitators and the iterative development of the program. This research sought to assess the validity and reliability of the improved food literacy behavior checklist. A total of 1,359 participants completed the checklist over an 18-month period. Content, face, and construct validity were considered in the re-development of the checklist. An exploratory factor analysis of the checklist identified three factors: (1) Plan and Manage, (2) Selection, and (3) Preparation. Cronbach's alpha coefficients of 0.883, 0.760, and 0.868 were found for each of the three factors respectively. These coefficients indicated good internal consistency and were higher than those found in the original checklist analysis. An external validation was undertaken with the original food literacy behavior checklist, and a strong positive relationship between the two tools was found. In addition to being used to evaluate FSA, this revised and extensively validated tool could provide guidance to others evaluating similar food literacy programs and contribute to international measurement research.

Effectiveness of a food literacy and positive feeding practices program for parents of 0 to 5 years olds in Western Australia

Tartaglia J, Jancey J, Scott JA, Dhaliwal SS, Begley A

Health Promot J Austr, 2024 Apr;35(2):263-275.

PMID: 37160723 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.742

ISSUE ADDRESSED: Lifelong eating behaviours are established in childhood. Improving parents' food literacy skills is essential, as parents play a fundamental role in establishing their children's healthy eating behaviours and preferences for nutritious food. This paper describes the development and evaluation of an innovative program that combines food literacy with positive parent feeding practices, targeting parents in disadvantaged areas of Western Australia.

METHODS: The Food Sensations® for Parents five-week program was delivered to participants from community-based parenting organisations during 2020 and 2021. Formative research and a pre-post evaluation design were adopted.

RESULTS: Pre- and post-evaluation data were collected from 224 participants (96% female). There was a statistically significant improvement in the mean score for 13 food literacy behaviours, 10 positive parenting feeding practices and a mean increase in parents' daily vegetable intake of 1/3 serve. Participants reported significantly greater net improvements in food literacy behaviours than feeding practices, the largest being the Use a nutrition information panel to make food choices (33.1%). Multivariate logistic regression analyses found English as a first language, being older than 35, and from a higher Socio-Economic Index for Areas resulted in a higher likelihood of positive changes in behaviours and practices.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that the program is effective in improving the frequency of use of food literacy behaviours, positive parenting feeding practices and increasing vegetable consumption. SO WHAT?: Analysing improvements in food literacy behaviours and feeding practices provides clarity on what change can be expected with a five-week parent program.

Biochemical genetic relationship in three taxa of the malaria mosquito Anopheles balabacensis complex

Yong HS, Cheong WH, Chiang GL, Dhaliwal SS, Loong KP, Sarjan R

Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B, 1983;76(3):611-3.

PMID: 6641178

Three taxa of the malaria mosquito Anopheles balabacensis complex representing three geographical regions (Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah) in Southeast Asia, were analysed for genetic variation at 15 gene-enzyme systems. The Sabah taxon was monomorphic for all the 15 gene-enzyme systems. Only two gene-enzyme systems (esterase and glucose phosphate isomerase) were variable in the Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia taxa. The average heterozygosity or gene diversity was 0.007 for the Thailand taxon and 0.028 for the Peninsular Malaysia (Perlis) taxon. There were no unique gene-enzyme markers in the three taxa studied. The average values of genetic identities (0.933-0.997) and genetic distances (0.003-0.069) indicate that these three taxa are of subspecific status.

Phosphoglucomutase polymorphism in two species of Armigeres mosquitoes

Yong HS, Chan KL, Dhaliwal SS, Cheong WH, Mak JW, Chiang GL

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1980 Sep;11(3):424-5.

PMID: 6108615

Neither male age nor semen parameters influence clinical pregnancy or live birth outcomes from IVF

Mariappen U, Keane KN, Hinchliffe PM, Dhaliwal SS, Yovich JL

Reprod Biol, 2018 Dec;18(4):324-329.

PMID: 30503182 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2018.11.003

Advanced age is an increasing trend for both males and females seeking in vitro fertilization (IVF). This retrospective cohort study investigated the outcomes of 1280 IVF-related treatment cycles, selecting the first treatment for couples utilizing autologous gametes and who underwent single fresh embryo transfer. Males aged 40-49 years had a 52% reduction in normal sperm motility, while it was markedly reduced by 79% at 50 years or older. However, neither semen parameters nor male age were predictive of clinical pregnancy or live birth chance. In a combination of age groups, cases with Younger Females had the greatest chance of successful outcomes and this was independent of having a younger or older male partner. Specifically, Young Female-Young Male combinations (≤ 35 years) were the most likely to succeed in achieving a clinical pregnancy or live birth (OR 2.84, p 35 years, respectively) had a similar increased chance (OR 2.07, p

Genetics of glucose phosphate isomerase and phosphoglucomutase in Aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae)

Yong HS, Chan KL, Dhaliwal SS, Cheong WH, Chiang GL, Mak JW

Theor Appl Genet, 1981 Nov;59(6):345-8.

PMID: 24276567 DOI: 10.1007/BF00276447

Glucose phosphate isomerase (E.C. 5.3.1.9) and phosphoglucomutase (E.C. 2.7.5.1) were found to be polymorphic in a laboratory colony of Aedes albopictus. The glucose phosphate isomerase locus is represented by two alleles resulting in three genotypes, while the phosphoglucomutase locus is represented by at least five alleles giving rise to a total of 15 genotypes. The inheritance of these two enzymes is of the Mendelian type with codominant alleles. Present data indicate that these genes are not linked.Of 105 mosquitoes analysed for these two gene-enzyme systems, the frequencies for glucose phosphate isomerase alleles are Gpi (S)=0.68 and Gpi (F)=0.32, while the frequencies for phosphoglucomutase alleles are Pgm (A)=0.16, Pgm (B)=0.11, Pgm (C)=0.19, Pgm (D)=0.30 and Pgm (F)= 0.24. The frequencies of the three glucose phosphate isomerase genotypes are in accord with Hardy-Weinberg expectations (X 1 (2) =2.74). Similarly, the frequencies of the 15 phosphoglucomutase genotypes probably do not differ significantly from Hardy-Weinberg expectations (X 10 (2) = 18.45).

Genetics of glucosephosphate isomerase in Aedes togoi (Diptera: Culicidae)

Yong HS, Cheong WH, Mak JW, Chiang GL, Chan KL, Dhaliwal SS

Biochem Genet, 1980 Oct;18(9-10):939-45.

PMID: 7225086

The genetics of glucosephosphate isomerase (E.C. 5.3.1.9) in two strains (Malaysian and Taiwan) of Aedes togoi is reported. Three electrophoretic phenotypes were presented in both sexes. The zymogram patterns were identical in both strains of A. togoi. The phenotypes were governed by a pair of codominant alleles. The allele frequency of the slow-moving band was 0.63 in the Malaysian strain adn was 0,86 and 0.82 in F161 and F169 generations, respectively, of the Taiwan strain. The sample studied was in good accord with Hardy-Weinberg expectation.

MPA given orally during the first trimester for threatened miscarriage carries no specific risk for foetal abnormalities albeit the rate is higher than non-threatened pregnancies

Yovich JL, Mariappen U, Hinchliffe PM, Dhaliwal SS, Keane KN

Reprod Biol, 2020 Sep;20(3):424-432.

PMID: 32389607 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.03.008

This observational study examines the outcomes of pregnancies arising in women referred for infertility, where those who experienced threatened miscarriage were treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) tablets. The 14-year study period covers comprehensive real-time data entries into the validated electronic database including details of the infertility management, pregnancy outcomes and any foetal anomalies among the infants, each being tracked and recorded. Of 4057 clinical pregnancies, 1343 received MPA for threatened miscarriage; 934 (69.6 %) of which continued to livebirths. These were compared with the remaining 2714 clinical pregnancies without threatened miscarriage or MPA and which resulted in 2075 (76.5 %) livebirths. There were 134 developmental abnormalities recorded among the 3009 livebirths of which 78 (2.6 %) were categorised appropriate for the Western Australian Developmental Abnormalities Register; WARDA. These comprised 55 in the MPA group, 36 of which were categorised as serious (being 2.7 % of clinical pregnancies and 3.9 % of births). In the group without MPA, there were 79 abnormalities, of which 42 were categorised as serious (being 1.7 % of clinical pregnancies and 2.2 % of births). Specifically, there were no cases of androgenisation noted among the female infants. The abnormality rates were low overall and well within the annual WARDA ranges. We cautiously suggest that oral MPA can be considered for studies throughout pregnancy including the early first trimester to assess a potential role in reducing miscarriage, as well as advanced pregnancies to evaluate a potential role in reducing stillbirths and preterm delivery.

Fulltext Healthy and Sustainable Diet Index: Development, Application and Evaluation Using Image-Based Food Records

Harray AJ, Boushey CJ, Pollard CM, Dhaliwal SS, Mukhtar SA, Delp EJ, et al.

Nutrients, 2022 Sep 16;14(18).

PMID: 36145211 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183838

There are limited methods to assess how dietary patterns adhere to a healthy and sustainable diet. The aim of this study was to develop a theoretically derived Healthy and Sustainable Diet Index (HSDI). The HSDI uses 12 components within five categories related to environmental sustainability: animal-based foods, seasonal fruits and vegetables, ultra-processed energy-dense nutrient-poor foods, packaged foods and food waste. A maximum of 90 points indicates the highest adherence. The HSDI was applied to 4-day mobile food records (mFRTM) from 247 adults (18−30 years). The mean HSDI score was 42.7 (SD 9.3). Participants who ate meat were less likely to eat vegetables (p < 0.001) and those who ate non-animal protein foods were more likely to eat more fruit (p < 0.001), vegetables (p < 0.05), and milk, yoghurt and cheese (p < 0.05). After adjusting for age, sex and body mass index, multivariable regression found the strongest predictor of the likelihood of being in the lowest total HSDI score tertile were people who only took a bit of notice [OR (95%CI) 5.276 (1.775, 15.681) p < 0.005] or did not pay much/any attention to the health aspects of their diet [OR (95%CI) 8.308 (2.572, 26.836) p < 0.0001]. HSDI provides a new reference standard to assess adherence to a healthy and sustainable diet.

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 36 in total