OBJECTIVES: To create a translation of the Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire (CPQ), test its validity and reliability, and determine the general chrononutrition behaviors among Malaysian young adults.
METHODS: The Malay-CPQ was distributed to respondents through online platforms (n = 110), and data analyses were performed. The data were analyzed for their validity using content validity index (CVI) and face validity index (FVI), whereas intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine test-retest reliability.
RESULTS: Our results showed both CVI and FVI of Malay-CPQ were 1, indicating excellent content translation, while the ICC values ranged from moderate to good (0.50-0.90). The Cronbach α values for all items ranged from moderate to good (0.50-0.90), and the Bland-Altman analysis showed a P value >0.05, indicating agreement of the item between repeated measurements. The chrononutrition behaviors among Malaysian young adults presented fair to good scores for all behavior patterns: eating window, breakfast skipping, evening eating, night eating, and largest meal, except evening latency, being mostly at the poor score (>80% responses).
CONCLUSIONS: The Malay-CPQ is a valid and reliable tool to assess the Malaysian chrononutrition profile. However, further testing on Malay-CPQ should be conducted in a different setting in Malaysia for cross-validation studies.
METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: The scoping review was performed using Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework. The systematic search was conducted using Scopus, Pubmed, EBSCOHost and Google Scholar in April 2020, updated in March 2021. Only literature published between January 2010 until February 2021 was searched.
RESULTS: A total of 25 articles were included, of which 23 were randomised controlled trials , and 2 were quasi-experimental studies. Some of studies found improvements in depression (76% out of all studies). On this basis, nutrition or physical activity intervention probably improves postpartum depression. Moreover, the integration of nutrition and physical activity appears to improve depression in the more thorough follow-up of participants . Active involvement of the participant in the interventions was contributory to effectiveness.
CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition and physical activity interventions with appropriate strategy and delivery are promising options for the management of postpartum maternal mental health. More definitive investigation of non-pharmacological interventions to ameliorate depression among postpartum women is warranted.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 409 college students aged above 18 in Malaysia. The chrononutrition behavior was assessed using the validated Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire (CP-Q). The questionnaire was distributed using an online platform. Participants self-reported their body weight and height, and the Body Mass Index (BMI) was computed. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software.
RESULTS: A total of 409 participants were recruited, with a mean age of 21.5 ± 2.2 years. The prevalence of underweight, normal, and overweight was 24.7, 49.4, and 25.9%, respectively. The chrononutrition behavior revealed that participants ate breakfast about four times/week (mean 4.27 ± 2.43 days), and only 135 (33.0%) consumed breakfast daily. The largest meal consumed was during lunch (75.8%), and the mean of snacking after the last meal was 3.23 ± 2.01 days. The prevalence of night eating was low, and most participants (70.9) did not wake up at night to eat. The frequency, however, was significantly higher in the underweight group compared to the normal weight group (p < 0.05). We observed a significant association between BMI and eating window, evening latency, evening eating, and night eating. It was found that the underweight had a poor eating window (p < 0.01), poor evening latency (p < 0.01), poor evening eating (p < 0.01), and poor night eating (p < 0.05) compared to those with normal and overweight BMI groups. In contrast to predictions, poor chrononutrition behavior was more likely to predict being underweight compared to normal (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Underweight young adults are more likely to have poor chrononutrition behavior. The results of the present study suggest that future nutrition education should also focus on the chrononutrition behavior of college students.
AIM: To analyze the existing literature on the effects of TRE with different eating durations on anthropometrics and cardiometabolic health markers in adults with excessive weight and obesity-related metabolic diseases.
METHODS: We reviewed a series of prominent scientific databases, including Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, and Cochrane Library articles to identify published clinical trials on daily TRE in adults with excessive weight and obesity-related metabolic diseases. Randomized controlled trials were assessed for methodological rigor and risk of bias using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB-2). Outcomes of interest include body weight, waist circumference, fat mass, lean body mass, fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profiles, C-reactive protein, blood pressure, and heart rate.
RESULTS: Fifteen studies were included in our systematic review. TRE significantly reduces body weight, waist circumference, fat mass, lean body mass, blood glucose, insulin, and triglyceride. However, no significant changes were observed in HbA1c, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Furthermore, subgroup analyses based on the duration of the eating window revealed significant variation in the effects of TRE intervention depending on the length of the eating window.
CONCLUSION: TRE is a promising chrononutrition-based dietary approach for improving anthropometric and cardiometabolic health. However, further clinical trials are needed to determine the optimal eating duration in TRE intervention for cardiovascular disease prevention.
METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: A randomized controlled study was conducted on obese women with high breast adiposity (<0.1 Sm-1), aged 40-60 years in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Subjects were assigned to intervention (n=16) and control group (n=15). Intervention group received a home based health education package with close monitoring weekly, personal diet consultation and physical training in group. Assessment was ascertained at three time points; baseline, weeks 8 and 16. Outcome measures were the energy intake, physical activity, body composition, blood tests, blood biomarkers and electrical impedance tomography (EIT) quantitative values. Analyses were done using 2-way repeated measures ANOVA.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: All subjects completed the program without any drop-out. The HSI group had 100% compliance towards the intervention program; their energy intake was reduced for approximately 35% and their activity score was increased for approximately 11%. A significant interaction effect was found in body weight, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol/HDL, vitamin C intake and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) (p<0.05). Interestingly, their EIT extremum values were also significantly increased indicating a reduction of breast adiposity. The intervention program was successful in improving body composition, physical activities, MMP9 and breast adipose tissue composition.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: 19,440 patients with T2D underwent structured evaluation utilizing the JADE platform with clinical outcomes data retrieved from territory-wide electronic medical records including inpatient, outpatient and emergency care. Two-part model was adopted to account for skewed healthcare costs distribution. Incremental healthcare costs associated with nine non-fatal diabetes complications and all-cause death were estimated, adjusted for demographic, clinical, lifestyle factors and comorbidities.
RESULTS: In this prospective cohort [mean ± SD age:59.9 ± 11.9 years, 56.6 % men, duration of diabetes:7.3 ± 7.5 years, HbA1C:7.5 ± 1.6 %] observed for 7 (interquartile range:4-9) years (142,132 patient-years), the mean annual healthcare costs, mainly due to inpatient cost, were USD$2,990 ± 9,960. Lower extremity amputation (LEA) (USD$31,302; 95 %CI: 25,706-37,004), hemorrhagic stroke (USD$21,164; 17,680-24,626), ischemic stroke (USD$17,976; $15,937-20,352) and end-stage disease (ESRD) (USD$14,774; 13,405-16,250) in the year of event incurred the highest cost. Residual healthcare costs in the post-event years were highest for ESRD, LEA, haemorrhagic stroke and incident cancer.
CONCLUSION: These comprehensive temporal healthcare cost estimates for diabetes-related complications allows the performance of long-term, patient-level, cost-effectiveness analyses on T2D prevention and treatment strategies relevant to an Asian and possibly global contexts. These may inform decision-makers on resource allocation aimed at reducing the burden of T2D and chronic diseases.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The CDOM was developed using the prospective Hong Kong Diabetes Register (HKDR) cohort (n = 21,453; median follow-up duration, 7.9 years; 166,433 patient-years). It was externally validated with a retrospective territory-wide cohort of Chinese patients with T2D attending Hong Kong publicly funded diabetes centers and community clinics (n = 176,120; follow-up duration, 7.2 years; 953,523 patient-years).
RESULTS: The CDOM predicted first and recurrent events with satisfactory performance during internal (C-statistic = 0.740-0.941) and external (C-statistic = 0.758-0.932) validation after calibration. The respective C-statistic values for cancer were 0.664 and 0.661. Subgroup analysis showed consistent performance during internal (C-statistic = 0.632-0.953) and external (C-statistic = 0.598-0.953) validation after calibration.
CONCLUSIONS: The CDOM, developed using comprehensive register data with long-term follow-up, is a robust tool for predicting long-term outcomes in Chinese patients with T2D. The model enables the identification of patient subgroups to augment study design and develop tailored novel treatment strategies, inform policy, and guide practice to improve cost-effectiveness of diabetes care.