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Fulltext The mediating role of leisure satisfaction between work and family domain and work-life balance

Edwina Kong, Yan Ying, Zaiton, Hassan, Nur Fatihah, Abdullah Bandar

Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2020;6(1):44-66.
MyJurnal

This study aimed to determine the mediating role of leisure satisfaction between work domain (work overload and job involvement), family domain (family workload and family support) and work-life balance among teachers in Kuching. Fifty employees responded to the self-administered questionnaire in one of a primary school in Kuching area. Data was analyzed Pearson Correlation, Regression and Sobel Test. Results indicated that work overload and family workload are negative and significantly influence employee work-life balance while job involvement and family support are positive and significantly effect work-life balance. This research revealed work overload, job involvement, family workload, family support, and work-life balance are partially mediated by leisure satisfaction. Thus, it is recommended for organizations to organize variety of leisure activities as a strategy to assist employees to improve work-life balance.
Fulltext The influence of adult attachment on relationship quality among multi-ethnic group of parents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder children

Fatahyah Yahya, Rizal Abu Bakar, Nur Fatihah Mat Yusoff

Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2016;1(2):84-98.
MyJurnal

This study aimed to explore the influence of adult attachment on relationship quality among parents having children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A correlational research design was used to achieve the research objectives. Sixty eight parents of children with ADHD participated in this study. Two measures were used in this study: the Experience in Close Relationship (ECR) and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). The findings indicated that when the anxiety attachment level of the participants was high, the marital satisfaction was low.The findings of this study can make a contribution to those focusing on conflict resolution and marital quality with a deeper understanding on the interpersonal problems in the relationship from attachment theory perspectives. It is suggested that a longitudinal research be conducted in the future with both groups of clinical and community in order to explore how attachment variables can predict relationship adjustment and child adjustment overtime.
Fulltext Cytotoxicity of clinacanthus nutans and mechanism of action of its active fraction towards human cervical cancer cell line, HeLA

Siti Nur Fatihah Mohd Roslan, Yusmazura Zakaria, Hasmah Abdullah

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2018;16(2):39-50.
MyJurnal

Traditionally, Clinacanthus nutans (CN) or locally named as ‘Belalai Gajah’ is one of the herbal plant claimed to be
able to treat cancer. The aimd of this study are to extract, isolate and characterize the active anticancer compound
from CN and to determine the mode of cell death induced by the compound. Bioassay guided fractionation was done on
the CN extract by using column chromatography. The cytotoxicity activities of these fractions toward HeLA cells were
examined by MTT assay. The nuclear morphology was examined by Hoechst 33258 staining and the cell cycle arrest
was evaluated by propium iodide staining using flow cytometry. The presence of active compound in the chosen fraction
was determined by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). Out of 16 fractions collected, Fraction 11(F11)
showed the lowest IC50 value with 27 ± 2.6 µg/mL. The value of IC50 for F11 towards normal cell, NIH 3T3 cell and L929
cell, were 70 ± 4.0 µg/mL and 45 ± 1.5 µg/mL respectively. These values were higher than tamoxifen, therefore indicating
that tamoxifen is more toxic towards normal cells compared to F11. Nuclear morphology of HeLA cell displayed DNA
fragmentation, nuclear condensation and formation of apoptotic bodies upon treatment with F11 for 24 hours. The cell
cycle distribution of HeLA cell treated with F11 was arrested at G1 phase. The active compound identified to potentially
possess the anticancer property is 19-Oxo-all-trans-retinoic acid. In conclusion, 19-Oxo-all-trans-retinoic acids from
F11 of the CN extract, is a potential anticancer agent for cervical cancer.
Fulltext Application of performance appraisal system (pas) attributes among first rater officers (fro’s): issues and implication

Limasan, Jakheus, Rusli, Ahmad, Nur Fatihah, Abdullah Bandar

Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2019;5(2):66-77.
MyJurnal

This study aims to explore the first rater officers’ perspectives on the application of
performance appraisal attributes in performance appraisal system in a higher education
institution in Sarawak. Six attributes were focused on the study namely clarification of the
system, justification of the system, control criteria, employee participation, system
management, and credibility of the assessor. The study uses a qualitative methodology using
semi-structured interview techniques and data analysis in thematic approach. Three
common issues are the limitation of the system’s availability, insufficient scoring
distribution towards lecturers who are involved in administrative work and limited
capability of the server. Along with that, two critical issues are the subjective judgment of
personality traits and limited utilization of the system. The implication raised based on the
issues is work processes are interrupted, employee dissatisfaction and organizational image
are affected. In conclusion, the issues within the performance appraisal system need to be
taken seriously to avoid conflicts.
Comparing interfertility data with random amplified microsatellites DNA (RAMS) studies in Ganoderma Karst. Taxonomy

Nudin NF, S S

Mol Biol Rep, 2012 Mar;39(3):2861-6.
PMID: 21938434 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1045-2

The taxonomy of the causal pathogen of basal stem rot of oil palms, Ganoderma is somewhat problematic at present. In order to determine the genetic distance relationship between G. boninense isolates and non-boninense isolates, a random amplified microsatellites DNA (RAMS) technique was carried out. The result was then compared with interfertility data of G. boninense that had been determined in previous mating studies to confirm the species of G. boninense. Dendrogram from cluster analysis based on UPGMA of RAMS data showed that two major clusters, I and II which separated at a genetic distance of 0.7935 were generated. Cluster I consisted of all the biological species G. boninense isolates namely CNLB, GSDK 3, PER 71, WD 814, GBL 3, GBL 6, OC, GH 02, 170 SL and 348781 while all non-boninense isolates namely G. ASAM, WRR, TFRI 129, G. RES, GJ, and CNLM were grouped together in cluster II. Although the RAMS markers showed polymorphisms in all the isolates tested, the results obtained were in agreement with the interfertility data. Therefore, the RAMS data could support the interfertility data for the identification of Ganoderma isolates.
Fulltext The antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of aqueous oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) leaf extracts against Staphylococcus aureus

Nur Fatihah Nordin, Hasnah Begum Said Gulam Khan, Kazi Ahsan Jamil, Nurul ‘Izzah Mohd Sarmin

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(108):34-34.
MyJurnal

Introduction:Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive staphylococci that form biofilms. Bacteria that dwell in bio-films tend to be highly resistant towards the action of antibiotics. S. aureus is a main cause of infections in the oral cavity such as angular cheilitis, endodontic infections, osteomyelitis of the jaw, parotitis and oral mucositis. Previous studies reported that S. aureus also spread to the other parts of the body through the circulatory system, which may lead to chronic infections. Hence the search for new antibacterial agents remains high and needs urgent attention to treat this problem. Plants offer a rich source of antimicrobial agents and bioactive compounds. In this study, aque-ous oil palm leaf extracts (OPLE) has been used as an alternative antibacterial agent against oral infections mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Many studies report the potential use of oil palm leaf extracts in treating bacterial infections such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus (isolated from other part of the body), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus sp. Although previous studies have documented the antimicrobial properties of oil palm leaf extracts, to date no study has been reported on the effect of oil palm leaf extract on oral microbes. Methods: The agar diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concen-tration (MBC) assay were conducted in order to observe the antibacterial activity of aqueous oil palm leaf extract. The crystal violet assay was used to determine the anti-biofilm activity of the extracts. Chlorhexidine and deionised distilled water were used as the positive and negative control respectively. For agar diffusion method, the diameter of inhibition zone was measured. Results: The inhibition zone of the tested bacteria was observed between 0-20mm. The MIC and MBC assay were used to know the lowest concentrations of the extract that inhibit the growth and killed the tested bacteria respectively. The MIC and MBC values for the tested bacteria were observed between 0-7.813mg/mL. While for anti-biofilm assays, OPLE aqueous extract acts as a potent anti-biofilm agent with dual actions, pre-venting and eradicating the biofilm of the tested bacteria. Conclusion: In conclusion, the tested plant extracts could serve as alternative natural antibacterial and anti-biofilm agent against oral infections.
Fulltext Perceived fairness in performance appraisal system and its relationship with work performance

Xervaser, Arene Ursolo, Rusli Ahmad, Nur Fatihah Abdullah Bandar, Siti Mariam Abdullah

Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2016;1(2):71-83.
MyJurnal

This study aims to identify employee perceptions of perceived fairness in performance appraisal system and work performance as the performance appraisal system is crucial to evaluate employees’ performance in every organization; public or private. A private Oil & Gas company in Miri, Sarawak was chosen for this study. Quantitative research method was employed in this study, and closed-ended questionnaires were used to collect data from respondents. Statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and Independent sample t-test were used to test the hypotheses. The findings showed that there were no significance differences between the selected demographic factors (age, gender, duration of service, highest educational level, and rank) in performance appraisal system and the work performance. Also, there was a significant relationship between the rating accuracy in the performance appraisal system and work performance. Besides that, there was a significant relationship between employee perceptions of leadership styles in decision making in the performance appraisal system and work performance. The findings also showed that employees are concerned with the evaluation and rating given by their supervisor because the outcomes of the performance appraisal will influence their career development in the organization. Thus, performance appraisal system is crucial in increasing the work performance of employees and organization. Organizations should emphasize the role of the performance appraisal system practiced in their organizations and recognize that it is important in improving employees’ performance. Future researchers are encouraged to explore further on the performance appraisal elements that have not been investigated in this study, and conduct the research with a bigger population and sample size.
Fulltext The relationship between flexible working arrangements and quality of work life among academicians in a selected public institution of higher learning in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia

Diyanna Nurqistyna Ariffin, Nur Fatihah Abdullah Bandar, Surena Sabil, Samsiah Jayos, Mazdan Ali Amaran, Rozita Hamdan

Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2016;1(2):46-55.
MyJurnal

This study aims to determine the relationship between working arrangements and quality of work life (QWL) among academicians in a selected public institution of higher learning in Kuching, Sarawak. A survey methodology was used in this study. This research involves the utilization of questionnaire which was administered among one-hundred and fifty (151) academicians currently working in a selected public institution in Kuching, Sarawak. The relationship between flexible working arrangements and quality of work life was analyzed using the Pearson’s Correlation analysis test. The results of this study revealed that there is a significant relationship between long working arrangement and flexible working arrangements with QWL. Hence, if organizations are concerned about developing their human resources and gaining a competitive advantage in the marketplace, it is necessary that they attend to one of their most precious assets, namely, their human resources by practicing flexible working arrangements.
Fulltext Fatigue among traffic police officers in metropolitan city: exploring factors of noise exposure and work stressors

Irniza Rasdi, Nur Fatihah Din, Nurulizyati Roni, Ahmad Shahrul Nizam Isha@Isa

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(111):109-117.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Police work has been recognised worldwide as a very stressful job. Those especially in road traffic control department encounter an additional possible cause of fatigue which is noise exposure that rarely being explored. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among traffic police officers in Kuala Lumpur to assess their level of fatigue and its risk factors including noise exposure, work stressors and individual factors. A total of 171 traffic police officers in Kuala Lumpur participated in this study. A set of questionnaires on socio-demographics, work characteristics, perception regarding noise pollution, PSQ and CIS were distributed to 200 traffic police officers in Kuala Lumpur. Five locations with heavy traffic volume in Kuala Lumpur were selected for ambient noise measure- ment, three times a day during peak hour by SLM. Results: The mean age, job tenure and BMI of respondents was 30.49±7.12yo, 4.73±4.62 years and 24.83 respectively. Most of them were Malay (81.9%), married (60.8%), and secondary school graduated (84.8%). The traffic noise exposure levels ranged between 69.50 dB(A) to 82.80 dB(A) (mean = 76.77±4.39 dB(A). Almost 20% of respondents reported to have fatigue level that puts them at risk for sub- sequent work disability. After considering several potential factors, lower educational levels (β=-3.67, p
Fulltext Experiencing health care and culture in Niigata, Japan

Halimatus Sakdiah Minhat, Ahmad Fareed A Rahman, Nur Fatihah Oh Abdullah, Natrah Mohd Saad

Int J Public Health Res, 2012;2(1):122-128.
MyJurnal

In July 2010 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) and Niigata University (NU) signed a memorandum of agreement to continue collaboration in joint planning and implementation of education, research and practice services in the field of medicine.This collaboration is also a good opportunity for Doctor of Public Health (DRPH) postgraduate candidates to gain experience on the practice of public health in handling public health issues, planning the healthcare facilities, delivering a quality public health services, enforcing public health policies/regulations and finally learn about the health systems in general at other countries especially from developed country like Japan. Experiencing Health Care and Culture in Niigata, Japan.
Fulltext Risk of transmission of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in foods

New, C.Y., Ubong, A., Nur Hasria, K., Nur Fatihah, A., Son, R.

International Food Research Journal, 2016;23(5):2249-2257.
MyJurnal

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is well known to be abundantly distributed in marine, coastal and
estuarine environments. Since 1951, V. parahaemolyticus had been the source of numerous
outbreaks related to contaminated or mishandled seafood. However, V. parahaemolyticus
had been detected on other types of food. This issue has prompted this study to investigate
on the prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus in various food samples and determine the risk
associated with it. The results of the MPN-plating technique of the study indicated that V.
parahaemolyticus was detected in seafood (33.3%, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 31.9 – 34.8 ,
94 – 290 MPN/g) and vegetables (10.0%, 95% CI 9.7 – 10.3 , 9.2 – 23 MPN/g) while negative
V. parahaemolyticus was detected in fruits (0.0%, 95% CI 0 – 1,
Fulltext System support in counselling among Muslim convert clients in Malaysia

Samsiah Jayos, Lokman Mohd Tahir, Faizah Abd Ghani, Kamarul Azmi Jasmi, Nur Fatihah Abdullah Bandar

Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2015;1(1):74-81.
MyJurnal

This study aims to identify the use of external support systems by counsellors located at the Council within the Islamic Religious Department in Malaysia. Data for this research was collected using a case study. The case study included an interview of five (5) registered counsellors in Islamic Organization in Malaysia. This study was based on a qualitative approach and data were analyzed using N’Vivo 7.0. The data were developed into appropriate themes and sub-themes. The study revealed that the external support system (community support, peer counsellor, Islamic law and Islamic organization) should be applied to Muslim counsellors and Muslim converts. This research could be used as a guide for a counsellor to be more robust in providing guidance and counselling services to specific clients, such as, new Muslim converts.
Fulltext Organization as a support system among revert clients in Malaysia

Samsiah Jayos, Faizah Abd Ghani, Lokman Mohd Tahir, Kamarul Azmi Jasmi, Nur Fatihah Abdullah Bandar

Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2017;3(1):41-46.
MyJurnal

It is significant for the reverts to have an existing helping organization. Therefore, this study aims to identify organizational issues that are directly and indirectly involved with counsellors at the Council of Islamic Religious Department in Malaysia. This study utilizes a qualitative approach by using the case study method. This study involved five (5) counsellors from Council of Islamic Religious Department in Malaysia. This study used the N'Vivo 10.0 for the data analysis to develop themes and sub-themes that related to this study. The findings showed that there are two (2) sub themes involved both government and non-government. There are six (6) sub-sub themes for the government which are Jabatan Agama Islam, Jabatan Mufti, Pusat Dakwah Islamiah, Pusat Kaunseling MAINS Negeri Sembilan, Jabatan Kehakiman and Baitulmal. While, non-government has ten (10) sub-sub themes; Lembaga Kaunselor Malaysia, Unit Saudara Baru, Unit Ukhuwah, Pusat Saudara Baru Darul Saadah, Darul Ukhuwah Yayasan Kasih Sayang, Volunteer Body, Malaysian Chinese Muslim Association (MACMA), Pertubuhan Kebajikan Islam Malaysia (PERKIM), PERKAMA and Skuad Mubaligh Seremban. In conclusion, this study could be used as a guide for counsellors to provide guidance and counselling services to revert clients.
Fulltext The relationship between boundary work tactics and work-family conflict among working women

Nur Fatihah Abdullah Bandar, Tay, Mila, Dayang Kartini Abg Ibrahim, Zaiton Hassan

Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2016;2(1):1-12.
MyJurnal

This study aims to identify the relationship between boundary work tactics (behav-ioral, temporal, physical and communicative) and work-family conflict among work-ing women. A survey methodology was used in this study. This research involves the utilisation of questionnaire which was administered among one-hundred and three (103) working women currently working in a selected organisation. This study was conducted in a selected private organisation in Kuching, Sarawak. The relationship between boundary work tactics and work-family conflicts was analyzed using the Pearson’s correlation analysis test. The results of this study revealed that there is a significant relationship between behavioral tactics, temporal tactics, and communica-tive tactics with work-family conflict. Hence, from this study, the organisation can implement more strategic tactics to reduce work-family conflicts when the working women are challenged to balance responsibilities between their work and family.
Fulltext Crystal structure of 2'-hy-droxy-aceto-phenone 4-methyl-thio-semicarbazide

Jamsari J, Abas NF, Ravoof TB, Tiekink ER

Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2015 Apr 1;71(Pt 4):o244-5.
PMID: 26029436 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015004958

In the organic mol-ecule of the title hydrate, C11H15N3OS·H2O, {systematic name: 3-ethyl-1-{(E)-[1-(2-hy-droxy-phen-yl)ethyl-idene]amino}-thio-urea monohydrate}, a dihedral angle of 5.39 (2)° is formed between the hy-droxy-benzene ring and the non-H atoms comprising the side chain (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0625 Å), with the major deviation from planarity noted for the terminal ethyl group [the C-N-C-C torsion angle = -172.17 (13)°]. The N-H H atoms are syn and an intra-molecular hy-droxy-imine O-H⋯N hydrogen bond is noted. In the crystal, the N-bonded H atoms form hydrogen bonds to symmetry-related water mol-ecules, and the latter form donor inter-actions with the hy-droxy O atom and with a hy-droxy-benzene ring, forming a O-H⋯π inter-action. The hydrogen bonding leads to supra-molecular tubes aligned along the b axis. The tubes are connected into layers via C-H⋯O inter-actions, and these stack along the c axis with no directional inter-actions between them.
Challenges faced by parents when seeking diagnosis for children with sensorineural hearing loss

Hamzah NFA, Umat C, Harithasan D, Goh BS

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2021 Apr;143:110656.
PMID: 33662710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.110656

INTRODUCTION: The Joint Committee of Infant Hearing (JCIH) recommended hearing screening by one month of age, diagnosis of hearing loss by three months of age, and intervention initiated by six months of age. In Malaysia however, the age of diagnosis of hearing loss in children is relatively late. This study aimed to identify the challenges faced by parents in seeking a diagnosis of hearing loss for their children.
METHOD: The study utilized a semi-structured interview with open-ended questions to obtain information about parents' experiences during the diagnosis period and their challenges when going through that process. In this study, a total of 16 parents of children who were diagnosed with moderate to profound sensorineural hearing loss and received intervention within three years at the time of the study participated. Ten of the children were cochlear implant users, and six were hearing aid users.
RESULTS: Thematic analysis was used to analyse themes generated from the data according to the study objective. Four main themes and 17 subthemes were identified from this study. The four main themes were 1) Parents' emotion; 2) Parental knowledge; 3) Others; 4) Profesional services. Challenges that parents faced often include emotional behaviours such as feeling guilty and devastated during the diagnosis, lack of information-sharing from healthcare givers, lack of knowledge on childhood hearing loss among parents, support from families, seek for a second opinion, worry about others' acceptance, longer time for diagnosis to confirm, late referral to other related profesionals and no priority for the appointment.
CONCLUSION: Emotion is identified as the biggest challenge faced by parents in the process of diagnosis for their children with hearing loss. Hence, management of parental emotion needs to be emphasized by health profesionals as it influences the acceptance of parents towards their child's diagnosis.
Are Malaysian airline passengers willing to pay to offset carbon emissions?

Shaari NF, Abdul-Rahim AS, Afandi SHM

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Jul;27(19):24242-24252.
PMID: 32306253 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08662-y

Recently, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions become the hottest issue in the transportation sector. The air transport sector contributes approximately 2% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft is one of the issues taken seriously by the transportation sector. However, air transportation has implemented several ways to reduce carbon emissions, and one of them is by launching a carbon offset program. This study estimates the willingness among Malaysian airline passengers to pay for a carbon offset program to have a better environmental performance. Using a double-bounded dichotomous choice of contingent valuation method (CVM) estimates how much air passengers would be willing to pay to offset carbon emissions generated by their travel. The results obtained from this study suggest that the additional fee for airline tickets will be RM86.00 can be charged to have a better environmental performance.
Fulltext Occupational stress among primary school teachers: a study in jilin province

Wen, Xin, Talwar, P., Tan, Kock Wah, Nur Fatihah, Mat Yusoff, Oon, Yin Bee, Kartini Abdul Ghani

Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2019;5(1):11-18.
MyJurnal

The purpose of this study was to study the association between selected demographic characters
and stress among primary school teachers. The respondents constituted of 60 male
and female school teachers who were chosen using stratified sampling technique. Study was
conducted in Jilin Province. Study design was cross sectional. SPSS was used to analyze
both descriptive and inferential statistics. The main results were as follows. Female teachers
experienced more stress compared to male teachers. Teachers below the age of 40 had more
stress probably, due to teaching experience, as this study revealed that teachers who had
more teaching experience had less stress. Marriage plays and important role in stress, unmarried
teachers experienced comparatively higher levels of stress compared to those married.
Furthermore, those living alone experienced more stress. Occupational stress is known
to cause burnout. It may be a good strategy to provide training in stress management techniques
Fulltext Relationship between happiness and emotional expressiveness among nursing student in University Malaysia Sabah

Mazlinda Musa, Segaran Ramodran, Floreta Yusop, Nur Shiela Abdul Majid, Nur Fatihah, Aqilah Roslin, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):72-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Nursing is an emotionally stressful occupation where nurses themselves are at risk of internalizing negative emotions when caring for patients who are suffering, in pain, anguish, and facing death. Studies indicate an individual`s ability to emotionally express or vent these internalize negative emotions is associated with intrinsic happiness and well-being. Similarly, in the context of UMS, student nurses are at times exposed to overwhelming negative emotions during clinical postings and raise the question to what extent students use emotional expressive- ness to vent such emotions. This study is to assess perceived happiness and emotional expressiveness and determine correlates of these attributes among student nurses in UMS. Methods: This study entails a cross-sectioned design involving 90 (N) participants selected through convenient stratified sampling from 1st year (n=30), 2nd year (n=30) and 3rd year (n=30) student nurses. Ethical clearance for this study was obtained from REC UMS and the respon- dent’s consent. Two validated instruments, the Intrinsic Happiness Index (IHI, with 10 Likert scaled items, α =0.78) and Emotional Expressiveness Scale (EES, 17 Likert scaled item α =0.82) were used in this study. Results: Among 90 nursing students in this study, 81%(n=72) scored high and 19% (n=18) scored low in the happiness index. On emotional expressiveness ratings, 68% scored high with 32% scoring low. Higher happiness index scores correlated positively with high emotional expressive scores. First year students had significantly higher perceived happiness score (p=0.02) and higher emotional expressiveness score (p=0.03) compared to 2nd or 3rd-year students. Conclu- sion: Finding in this study imply that although the majority of student had good emotional disposition, but a small percentage of students have lower perceived happiness and emotional expressiveness, which may affect long term psychological well-being. This paper will discuss some remedial strategies to address the issue.
Fulltext The Effect of Probiotics on the Development of Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wan Nur Fatihah Wan Mohd Kamaluddin, Ahmad Faisal Ismail, Edre Mohamad Aidid, Noratikah Othman, Mohd Hafiz Arzmi

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2019;18(102):58-0.
MyJurnal

The prevalence of oral cancer has been reported annually along with high mortality rate. Probiotics have been suggested to possess anti-cancer properties, however the role of these microorganisms on oral cancer is remain unclear. The objective of the present study is to identify the mechanisms exerted by probiotics on oral carcinogenesis by using systematic review and meta analysis with the hypothesis that probiotics inhibit oral carcinogenesis. Materials and method: Comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science electronic database from January 2019 until April 2019. Main keywords that were used are “probiotic” AND “oral cancer”. Articles that were published in English language were included in this review. Articles were selected independently by three authors and inspected independently by another researcher. The titles and abstracts of the studies were screened to identify studies that meet the inclusion criteria. Full text articles of the remaining studies were assessed to determine the availability to be included in the review. Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5 software, and the result was graphically plotted on the forest plot. This review was done according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA-P) 2015 guidelines. Results: After thorough screening of the full text articles, seven papers were eligible to be included in the systematic review. The included articles were mainly discussed on the association of probiotics and oral cancer. Two from the seven papers were selected to be analyse for quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). The present study also showed that, Lactobacillus salivarius REN produces protective effect from developing neoplastic tongue lesions with odd ratio < 1. Conclusion: Probiotics were found to confer positive effect as an inhibitory agent against the oral carcinogenesis thus supported the hypothesis of the present study that probiotics can inhibit oral carcinogenesis.

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