MyMedR

Radiological parameters of bleeding renal angiomyolipoma

Koh KB, George J

Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol., 1996 Aug;30(4):265-8.

Angiomyolipomas are rare tumours of the kidney which have a tendency to bleed. We studied the clinical and radiological features of 11 patients from our institution to identify features which may be predictive of a massive haemorrhage. Tumours more than 6 cm in diameter were found to bleed and the demonstration of pseudoaneurysms on contrast CT scanning was associated with massive haemorrhage. We conclude that large angiomyolipomas should be treated to avoid haemorrhage and the detection of pseudoaneurysms should prompt urgent treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications

Fulltext Tuberous sclerosis and angiomyolipomas of the kidneys: a case report

Segasothy M, Yi AA, Mohamed S

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Jun;38(2):94-7.

PMID: 6621453

Tuberous sclerosis is a disease with a well known association with renal masses, both cysts and angiomyolipomas. Reported here is a case of a 26 year old woman who had, in addition to angiomyolipomas of the kidneys, adenoma sebaceum, paraungual fibromas, shagreen patches and cerebral tubers.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications*

Fulltext Severe metabolic changes following oral sodium phosphate in a patient of renal cell carcinoma - On dialysis

Lim CT

Indian J Pharmacol, 2016 May-Jun;48(3):327-8.

PMID: 27298508 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.182875

Oral sodium phosphate (OSP), an effective bowel purgative, is available over the counter (OTC) and requires a substantially lower volume than polyethylene glycol-based preparative agents. Rarely, OSP consumption has been associated with acute hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. We describe a case of chronic kidney disease patient developing symptomatic hypocalcemia following OTC OSP.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications*

Unrecognised IgG4 association in progressively transformed germinal centers of lymph nodes with subsequent full-blown IgG4-related chronic fibrosing pancreatitis: A case report

Son HJ, Lee H, Kim JH, Yu IK, Han HY

Malays J Pathol, 2018 Apr;40(1):73-78.

PMID: 29704388

Progressively transformed germinal centers (PTGC) is a benign process characterised by a morphological variant of reactive follicular hyperplasia in lymph nodes. It was recently shown that some cases of PTGC are associated with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) or increased IgG4 plasma cells. Five years ago, a 57-year-old woman presented with enlargement of multiple lymph nodes in the left parotid, submandibular, and neck areas, pathologically diagnosed as PTGC after excisional biopsy. Since then, she has experienced numbness in her extremities, especially the left shoulder and arm, pruritus on the left side of the face and intermittent facial palsy, for which she has been receiving regular symptomatic treatment. Recently the patient developed diabetes mellitus (approximately seven months ago). In routine follow-up scans, a mass was detected in left kidney and magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen prior to surgery revealed a slightly enhanced bulky mass replacing the pancreatic tail and uncinate process. The mass in left kidney was diagnosed as clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and the pathological features of the pancreatic lesion were those of IgG4-related chronic fibrosing pancreatitis. Retrograde examination of the neck lymph node diagnosed as PTGC showed increased deposition of IgG4-positive plasma cells.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications

Fulltext Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and Leser-Trélat syndrome as uncommon paraneoplastic manifestations of renal malignancy - a geriatric experience: a case report

Nyanti L, Samsudin A, Tiong IK

J Med Case Rep, 2019 Jun 21;13(1):188.

PMID: 31221202 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-019-2122-8

BACKGROUND: Leser-Trélat syndrome, which manifests as eruptive multiple seborrheic keratoses, is a rare paraneoplastic sign. Hyponatremia in the elderly population is an often overlooked but potentially sinister biochemical abnormality. Cancer-related causes of hyponatremia include syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, cerebral or renal salt wasting, and adrenal dysfunction. We report a case of an elderly man who presented with both syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and Leser-Trélat syndrome, and was eventually found to have renal malignancy.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 74-year-old indigenous Malaysian man with underlying chronic kidney disease presented with recurrent admissions for hyponatremia with parameters indicative of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, constitutional symptoms, and diffuse skin lesions suggestive of multiple seborrheic keratoses. A radiological workup revealed metastatic renal cell carcinoma with evidence of metastasis to the brain, adrenal glands, bone, and lungs.

CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, renal malignancy presenting as syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and Leser-Trélat concurrently is rare. The causes of hyponatremia in the elderly, approach to investigation, and value as a poor prognostic marker in malignancy are highlighted. We also discuss Leser-Trélat syndrome, its pathophysiology, and its possible implications on clinical practice.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications*

Fulltext Renal cell carcinoma in a von Hippel-Lindau syndrome: when should phaeochromocytoma be anticipated?

Azarisman SM, Nor Azmi K

Singapore Med J, 2007 Aug;48(8):779-82.

PMID: 17657389

A 39-year-old man was diagnosed with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, which was associated with retinal haemangioblastoma, cervical cord haemangioblastoma and bilateral renal cell carcinoma. He subsequently underwent an arterial embolisation and cervical laminectomy, following a spinal angiogram of the cervical lesion. He also had a right radical nephrectomy, with no perioperative complications. However, on admission for the left radical nephrectomy, he was noted to have preoperative hypertension. Further investigation revealed an enlarged left adrenal gland on abdominal computed tomography scan and raised urinary catecholamines. We discuss the risk of renal cell carcinoma and phaeochromocytoma arising concomitantly in von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, and how best to investigate and manage them.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications*

Fulltext Renal cell carcinoma with proliferative lupus nephritis

Wong KW

BMJ Case Rep, 2015 Jan 16;2015.

PMID: 25596289 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-208060

We report a case of renal cell carcinoma diagnosed after a patient was treated successfully with intravenous cyclophosphamide for her active proliferative lupus nephritis (classes III and V). After the intravenous cyclophosphamide regimen, the patient was asymptomatic with persistent microscopic haematuria, and no proteinuria. The renal cell carcinoma was located on the left kidney; incidentally, this was where the initial renal biopsy was done to diagnose lupus nephritis.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications*

18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT for Initial Staging of Renal Cell Carcinoma in an End-Stage Renal Disease Patient

Marafi F, Sasikumar A, Aldaas M, Esmail A

Clin Nucl Med, 2021 Jan;46(1):e65-e67.

PMID: 33181733 DOI: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000003354

A 46-year-old man with end-stage renal disease and renal cell carcinoma underwent F-FDG PET/CT for initial staging followed by F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT. Unlike F-FDG, which undergoes renal clearance, F-PSMA-1007 undergoes hepatobiliary clearance and thus generates superior quality images. F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT showed intense tracer-avid left renal mass lesion (FDG nonavid); lytic bone lesions (FDG avid) and single liver lesion (FDG nonavid). This case highlights the superiority of F-PSMA-1007 over F-FDG PET/CT in identifying primary lesion as well as metastatic sites in case of renal cell carcinoma even in the presence of end-stage renal disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications

Fulltext Diffuse neonatal haemangiomatosis: a rare cause of haemorrhagic shock and refractory coagulopathy in the newborn

Rohana J, Boo NY, Hayati AR, Baizura J

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Sep;57(3):364-7.

PMID: 12440278

A term newborn infant developed hypovolaemic shock shortly after birth. She was pale with gross hepatomegaly. She required multiple boluses of intravenous fluids, blood products as well as inotropic support. Blood investigations showed persistent thrombocytopenia, anaemia and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). She also developed heart failure. She finally succumbed on the eleventh day of life. Autopsy revealed haemangiomatosis involving the liver, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and adrenals.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications*

Clinical prognostic factors and survival outcome in renal cell carcinoma patients--a malaysian single centre perspective

Yap NY, Ng KL, Ong TA, Pailoor J, Gobe GC, Ooi CC, et al.

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2013;14(12):7497-500.

PMID: 24460324

BACKGROUND: This study concerns clinical characteristics and survival of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients in University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), as well as the prognostic significance of presenting symptoms.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical characteristics, presenting symptoms and survival of RCC patients (n=151) treated at UMMC from 2003-2012 were analysed. Symptoms evaluated were macrohaematuria, flank pain, palpable abdominal mass, fever, lethargy, loss of weight, anaemia, elevated ALP, hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytosis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the prognostic significance of these presenting symptoms. Kaplan Meier and log rank tests were employed for survival analysis.

RESULTS: The 2002 TNM staging was a prognostic factor (p<0.001) but Fuhrman grading was not significantly correlated with survival (p=0.088). At presentation, 76.8% of the patients were symptomatic. Generally, symptomatic tumours had a worse survival prognosis compared to asymptomatic cases (p=0.009; HR 4.74). All symptoms significantly affect disease specific survival except frank haematuria and loin pain on univariate Cox regression analysis. On multivariate analysis adjusted for stage, only clinically palpable abdominal mass remained statistically significant (p=0.027). The mean tumour size of palpable abdominal masses, 9.5±4.3cm, was larger than non palpable masses, 5.3±2.7cm (p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report which includes survival information of RCC patients from Malaysia. Here the TNM stage and a palpable abdominal mass were independent predictors for survival. Further investigations using a multicentre cohort to analyse mortality and survival rates may aid in improving management of these patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications

Secondary B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia following Wilms' tumor: clinical and in vitro chemosensitivity studies

Ariffin H, Muthukkumaran T, Stanslas J, Sabariah AR, Veerasekaran N, Lin HP

Leuk Lymphoma, 2005 Aug;46(8):1233-7.

PMID: 16085568

We report the clinical features and in vitro chemosensitivity assay findings of a 13-year-old girl who developed secondary B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 7 years after a diagnosis of Wilms' tumor. The patient was treated using the Berlin - Frankfurt - Muenster (BFM) ALL chemotherapy protocol with poor response to initial therapy before succumbing to sepsis. An in vitro chemosensitivity assay on her peripheral blood lymphoblasts was performed while she was undergoing induction therapy and showed a high level of resistance to drugs commonly used for ALL therapy, e.g. steroids, anthracyclines, vincristine and L-asparaginase. The mechanism of chemoresistance was not elicited, but was probably not related to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) over-expression. We believe that the in vitro chemosensitivity assay is a good indicator of cellular response to chemotherapy and may provide reliable information for the basis of the selection of drugs to be used for the treatment of similarly rare patients rather than relying on "standard" protocols.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/complications*

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