Browse publications by year: 2000

  1. Kwa SK
    Family Physician, 2000;11(1):12-3.
    MeSH terms: Emergency Medicine; Physicians, Family; Contraception, Postcoital
  2. Doshi HH
    Family Physician, 2000;11:26-26.
    MeSH terms: Humans
  3. Ch'ng KS
    Family Physician, 2000;11:16-7.
    MeSH terms: Malaysia; Mentors; Physicians, Family; Primary Health Care
  4. Singh R, Cheah SC
    Plant Cell Rep, 2000 Jul;19(8):804-809.
    PMID: 30754873 DOI: 10.1007/s002999900179
    The technique of mRNA fingerprinting was used to isolate flower-specific cDNAs in the oil palm. Differences in the RNA populations between vegetative tissue (leaf) and inflorescences at various stages of flower development were examined using 18 primer combinations. A total of 16 flower-specific cDNAs were identified, of which 15 were successfully re-amplified. Reverse Northern analysis confirmed that 8 of the 15 cDNAs appeared to truly represent differentially expressed mRNAs in flowering tissues. Northern blot analysis subsequently showed that 5 of the clones are preferentially or exclusively expressed in the flowering tissues of oil palm.
    MeSH terms: Clone Cells; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Blotting, Northern; DNA, Complementary; Plant Leaves; Flowers; Inflorescence
  5. Rajakumar MK
    The Star, 2000.
    Republished in: Teng CL, Khoo EM, Ng CJ (editors). Family Medicine, Healthcare and Society: Essays by Dr M K Rajakumar. Kuala Lumpur: Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia, 2008: 147-152.
    Omitted in Second Edition (2019).
    MeSH terms: Malaysia
  6. Ravindran J
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Aug;55 Suppl B:43-50.
    PMID: 11125521
    MeSH terms: Advertising as Topic; Drug Industry*; Ethics, Medical*; International Cooperation; Malaysia; Conflict of Interest; Health Care Sector*
  7. Malays J Nutr, 2000;6(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    This study aims to determine the relationship between calcium intake and lifestyle factors with bone health status among 56 postmenopausal women in the Evergreen Senior Citizens Club, Petaling Jaya. Purposive sampling technique was used for sample selection. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur proximal and lumbar L2-L4 was measured based on the Dual Energy X-ray Absorptionmetry (DEXA) technique at KVOTC Clinic, Subang Jaya. The interview sessions were conducted using a questionnaire followed by anthropometric measurements. The results revealed that the average age of the respondents was 64.0 years old. The average weight and height of the respondents were 53.68 kg and 1.55 meters, respectively. Overall, the average body mass index (BMI) of the respondents was quite satisfactory (22.4 kg/m²) with only 17.9% of them categorized as overweight (>25 kg/m²). The average total calcium intake was 807.31 mg and about 76.2% was contributed by food intake. About 83.9% of the respondents met the recommended calcium intake according to the Malaysian RDA. The average BMD of the lumbar, neck, wards and trochanter was 9.983 ± 0.178 g/cm², 0.745 ± 0.126 g/cm², 0.604 ± 0.150 g/cm² and 0.674 ± 0.127 g/cm², respectively. About 32.1% of the respondents were categorized as osteoporotic at the femoral wards, while 10.7% respectively was at the lumbar L2-L4 and femoral neck. Half of the respondents had osteopenia at the femoral neck (53.6%) and wards (50.0%) and at the lumbar L2-L4 (53.6%). Pearson correlation test showed significant negative correlations between age and BMD in the neck (r = -0.419, p
    MeSH terms: Body Weight; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Calcium, Dietary; Female; Femur; Femur Neck; Health Status; Humans; Life Style; Surveys and Questionnaires; X-Rays; Bone Density; Body Mass Index; Postmenopause; Overweight
  8. Abd. Hamid, D., Abdullah, J., Ariff, A.R., Muhamad, M., Madhavan, M.
    MyJurnal
    A 23 year-old Chinese woman presented with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure due to obstructive hydrocephalus as a sequel to a mass effect from cerebellar haemangioblastoma. She underwent removal of the right cerebella rhaemangioblastoma and ventriculo-peritoneal shunting. She also had bilateral retinal haemangioblastoma, left renal carcinoma, renal and pancreatic cysts without phaeochromocytoma. A left partial nephrectomy was performed for renal cell carcinoma followed by radiotherapy. She survived the initial episode only to
    succumb to another cerebellar haemorrhage 18 months later.
    MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Female; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Intracranial Pressure; Kidney Neoplasms; Nephrectomy; Pancreatic Cyst; Pheochromocytoma; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt; Hemangioblastoma; Intracranial Hypertension
  9. Hassan, J.A., Saadiah, S., Roslina, A.M, Atan, M., Noraidah Masir, Ganesapillai, T., et al.
    MyJurnal
    We describe a patient with liver cirrhosis who presented with erosive oral and cutaneous lichen planus (LP) and incidentally was found simultaneously to have thymoma and hepatoma. We support the notion forwarded earlier that LP and chronic liver disease is more than a mere coincidence and that there is a noncoincidental association between LP and thymoma. We believe this is also the first reported case in the English Literature of coexistence of the three condition LP, thymoma and hepatoma complicating liver disease.
    MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Humans; Lichen Planus; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Thymoma
  10. Siti-Aishah, M.A., Isahak, I., Sabil, D., Sahlan, F., Md. Tahir, H., Yahya, A.A.
    MyJurnal
    Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the commonest sexually transmitted viral infection and one of its manifestations is genital warts or condyloma acuminata. Eight cases of vulvo-vaginal warts were diagnosed between January 1992 and December 1993. There were 4 Malays, 2 Chinese and 2 Indians. The patients’ age ranged from 22 to 43 years (mean 27.9 years). Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were studied by histology and in situ hybridization using biotinylated probes to detect the HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33. All vulvar and vaginal lesions showed typical histopathological features of condylomatous changes. HPV 6 and HPV 11 were detected in 100% (8/8) and 87.5% (7/8) of all cases, respectively. HPVs 16, 18, 31 and 33 were not found. The positive cells were mainly in the upper layers of the squamous epithelium. The hybridization data indicated that the HPV found in this study one of the same types as found in other studies.
    MeSH terms: Condylomata Acuminata; DNA; Female; Formaldehyde; Humans; Paraffin; In Situ Hybridization; Papillomaviridae; Human papillomavirus 11; Human papillomavirus 16; Human papillomavirus 6
  11. Ariff, A.R., Muda, A.S., Abdullah, J.M., Gurjeet, K., Biswal, B.M.
    MyJurnal
    A case of biventricular neurocytoma is reported. A 36 year old Malay lady presented with headache of 8 months duration. Physical examination revealed signs of increase intracranial pressure. CT-scan and MRI showed tumour in both lateral ventricles. Patient underwent tumour debulking followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. The radiological appearances of central neurocytoma are discussed.
    MeSH terms: Headache; Humans; Intracranial Pressure; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Physical Examination; Radiology; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Neurocytoma; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Lateral Ventricles; Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures
  12. Ahmad Fuad Abdul Rahim, Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam, Mohd. Najib Mohd. Alwi, Ghazaime Ghazali, Siti Zaleha Abdul Rahim
    MyJurnal
    To aid future curriculum revision and planning, a batch of newly graduated medical students were surveyed using a questionnaire containing items representing possible areas of concern during house-officership. Students rated items representing communication issues as areas of concern. They did not agree that areas concerning responsibilities as a doctor, continuing medical education, theoretical and practical skills and potentially stressful working conditions were problem areas. Communication skills should remain among the priority areas for undergraduate. training. Students should also be given more information about the houseofficership period prior to graduation. Further study is needed to confirm perceived strengths of the USM curriculum suggested by the study, which are skills in finding
    resources for further learning and skills in leadership. A task-analysis of the houseofficership
    period is also needed.
    MeSH terms: Curriculum; Education, Medical, Continuing; Leadership; Physicians; Surveys and Questionnaires; Students, Medical
  13. Dolah, M.T., Samat, S.B., Kadni, T.
    MyJurnal
    Absorbed dose to water was measured with ionisation chambers NE 2561 (#267), NE 2581 (#334), NE 2571 (#1028), using the IAEA standard water phantom. The ionisation chamber was inserted in the water phantom at a reference depth dependent on the type of the radiation quality used. Three radiation qualities were used namely 1.25 MeV gamma ray, 6 MV x-rays and 10 MV x-rays. The values of the absorbed dose to water were determined by the NK- and NX- based methods, i.e with the use of IAEA, HPA, NACP, AAPM, NCRP and ICRU protocols. The aim of this study was to make an intercomparison of the results, by taking the IAEA protocol as a standard. The largest deviation contributed by any of these protocols was recorded for each quality. It was found that AAPM, NCRP and ICRU protocols contributed 0.94% for 1.25 MeV gamma ray, NACP contributed 2.12% for the 6 MV x-rays, and NACP contributed 2.35% for 10 MV x-rays. Since the acceptable limit of deviation set by the IAEA for this absorbed dose work is ± 3%, it is clear that the overall deviations obtained were all satisfactory.
    MeSH terms: Gamma Rays; Water; X-Rays; Phantoms, Imaging
  14. Tg. Ahbrizal, Radu, Son, Abdul Reezal Abdul Latif, Abdul Rahim Mutalib, Ghulam Rasul, Elhadi, Nasreldin, et al.
    MyJurnal
    A random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting method has been developed to differentiate Vibrio vulnificus strains isolated. Twenty-nine strains isolated from cockles and twenty-one strains isolated from shrimps were analyzed. A total of 10 primers were screened with Vibrio vulnificus strains to identify those capable of generating DNA polymorphisms and two primers were selected. Primer GEN 1-50-01 and GEN 1-50-08 produced polymorphisms in most strains tested, with the band sizes ranging from 10.0 to 0.25 kb pair. Dendrogram analysis showed that primer GEN 1-50-01 produced 10 clusters and 24 single strains at a 40% similarity, whereas primer GEN 1-50-08 produced 11 clusters and 20 single strains at a 40% similarity. This study revealed the potential use of PCR fingerprinting in epidemiological studies.
    MeSH terms: Animals; DNA; Polymorphism, Genetic; Shellfish; Epidemiologic Studies; DNA Primers; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; Vibrio vulnificus; Cardiidae
  15. MyJurnal
    Nosocomial infection is a common problem in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and a knowledge of the pattern of nosocomial infection will contribute greatly to the intensification of infection control measures and the development of antibiotic policies in the NICU. This study aims to compare the incidence and clinical characteristics of neonates with nosocomial infection in NICU of both Kuala Terengganu Hospital (HKT) and Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital (HUSM). Neonates who had both clinical signs of sepsis and positive blood cultures, 48 hours after admission to NICU, from 1st January to 31st December 1998, in both hospitals were retrospectively studied. Among neonates admitted to NICU, 30 (5.4%) in HKT and 65 (3.6%) in HUSM had nosocomial infection (p = 0.07). The mean duration of hospitalisation was shorter (HUSM 37 days, HKT 49 days; p = 0.02), and the number of neonates with predisposing factors for infection is higher (HUSM 100%, HKT 73.3%; p < 0.001) in HUSM compared with HKT. There were no differences in gestation, mean age of onset of infection and mortality between both hospitals. The most common organism isolated from the blood in HKT was Klebsiella pneumoniae (33.3%), and in HUSM Klebsiella aerogenes (24.6%). Half of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were resistant to cephalosporins and aminoglycosides in HKT and a similar number of Klebsiella aerogenes isolates were resistant to piperacillin and aminoglycosides in USM. In conclusion nosocomial infection is a common problem in both hospitals. Except for more frequent predisposing factors for infection in HUSM, and a longer duration of hospital stay among neonates in HKT, the clinical characteristics of neonates with nosocomial infection in both hospitals were similar.
    MeSH terms: Aminoglycosides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephalosporins; Child; Cross Infection; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Length of Stay; Malaysia; Piperacillin; Retrospective Studies; Causality; Incidence; Infection Control; Sepsis; Enterobacter aerogenes
  16. Win, Mar Kyi, Mohd. Nizam Isa, Faridah Abdul Rashid, Jama'ayah Meor Osman, Mazidah Ahmad Mansur
    MyJurnal
    Familial defective apolipoprotein B-100 (FDB) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder associated with hypercholesterolaemia and premature coronary heart disease. FDB is caused by mutations in and around the codon 3500 of the apolipoprotein B (apo B) gene. Apo B R3500Q mutation is the first apo B mutation known to be associated with FDB and it is the most frequently reported apo B mutation in several different populations. The objective of the present study was to determine the association of apo B R3500Q mutation with elevated plasma cholesterol concentration in Kelantanese population in which both hypercholesterolaemia and coronary heart disease are common. Sixty-two Malay subjects with hyperlipidaemia, attending the lipid clinic at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, were selected for this study. The DNA samples were analysed for the presence of apo B R3500Q mutation by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment analysis method using mutagenic primers. This mutation was not detected in the subjects selected for this study. Apo B R3500Q mutation does not appear to be a common cause of hypercholesterolaemia in Kelantanese Malays.
    MeSH terms: Apolipoproteins B; Cholesterol; Codon; Coronary Artery Disease; DNA; Hypercholesterolemia; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II; Hyperlipidemias; Malaysia; Mutation; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Apolipoprotein B-100
  17. Nyi, Nyi Naing
    MyJurnal
    In direct age-adjustment, a common age-structured population is used as standard. This population may actually exist (e.g., United States population, 1999) or may be fictitious (e.g., two populations may be combined to create a standard). In indirect age-adjustment, a common set of age-specific rates is applied to the populations whose rates are to be standardized. The simplest and most useful form of indirect adjustment is the standardized mortality ratio (SMR).
    MeSH terms: Emotional Adjustment; Reference Standards; United States
  18. MyJurnal
    The Telegu community was brought into Sarawak in 1900 by Rajah Charles Brooke as labourers. Today, there are 92 members belonging to three generations of Telegus in Sarawak. Due to the need to communicate with people around them, the first generation who spoke Telegu at home started speaking Bazaar Malay with Malay, Dayak and Chinese neighbours in Batu Satu, which was an early Telegu settlement. The Telegu children first stayed in Pendam, a typical Malay village, and later in Batu Satu, a typical Hokkien Chinese area. Due to these linguistic environments, they eventually developed Telegu pidgin Malay with words borrowed from Sarawak Malay, Hokkien and English to become their new home language. Today, Bazaar Malay is still spoken by the first generation of Telegus with neighbours in Batu Satu and their own pidgin Malay is spoken among the second generation of Telegus. However, the third generation speaks fluent English and Standard Malay in addition to the Sarawak Malay dialect. Data was obtained through audio recording of home conversations, so as to ascertain the varieties of Malay used by the three generations of Telegus today, i.e. Bazaar Malay (G1), Telegu pidgin Malay (G2), Standard Malay (G2 &G3) and Sarawak Malay dialect (G3).
    MeSH terms: Animals; Child; Environment; Ethnic Groups; Humans; Language; Linguistics; Malaysia; Residence Characteristics; Skates (Fish)
  19. Wahab, J.A., Fadzil, A.A., Zainab, K., Affendi, A.M., Naznin, M.
    MyJurnal
    During a 24-month period, 21 children with acute bacterial meningitis were identified and studied. The majority of the children was from low socio-economic group and the male:female sex ratio was equal. Seventeen children (81%) were aged twelve months or below. In 15 (71.5%) of the children. Haemophilus influenzae type b was recovered, while Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from 4 children. Neisseria spp and Salmonella spp were identified respectively in each of the other two cases. The case fatality was four (19.0%) with nine others (42%) exhibiting neurological sequelae. Except for the Salmonella spp strain that was resistant to the cephalosporin, the rest of the bacterial species were sensitive to the commonly used antibiotics. As Haemophilus influenzae type b is still the most prevalent cause of acute bacterial meningitis, it is therefore strongly recommended that the national immunisation programme in this country should include the vaccine for it in our effort to minimise the mortality and morbidity caused by this organism.
    MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephalosporins; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Neisseria; Salmonella; Sex Ratio; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Vaccines; Prevalence; Meningitis, Bacterial; Immunization Programs; Haemophilus influenzae type b
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