Browse publications by year: 2005

Proceedings of the 6th Liver Update, 21-24 July 2005

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:1-186.
PMID: 16231444
MeSH terms: Animals; Humans; Liver*; Liver Diseases*
Review of PBL 'problems' and examination questions

Majumder AA

Med Teach, 2005 Aug;27(5):474.
PMID: 16231863
MeSH terms: Aged; Chronic Disease; Curriculum; Educational Measurement*; Female; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Teaching/methods; Problem-Based Learning*
Prospective randomized clinical trial on suction elastic band ligator versus forceps ligator in the treatment of haemorrhoids

Ramzisham AR, Sagap I, Nadeson S, Ali IM, Hasni MJ

Asian J Surg, 2005 Oct;28(4):241-5.
PMID: 16234072

This prospective randomized clinical trial was undertaken to compare the use of a single-operator vacuum suction ligator and the traditional forceps ligator in terms of pain perception following the procedure, intra-procedure bleeding and other complications.

MeSH terms: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Hemorrhoids/surgery*; Humans; Ligation/instrumentation; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative/etiology; Postoperative Complications*; Prospective Studies; Suction; Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods*; Blood Loss, Surgical; Treatment Outcome
Diagnostic value of plain abdominal radiographs in patients with acute abdominal pain

Prasannan S, Zhueng TJ, Gul YA

Asian J Surg, 2005 Oct;28(4):246-51.
PMID: 16234073

A prospective study was performed over a 3-month period in a tertiary referral centre to evaluate the appropriateness and contribution of plain abdominal radiographs (PAR) in the diagnosis and management of adult patients presenting with acute abdominal pain.

MeSH terms: Abdomen, Acute/etiology; Abdomen, Acute/radiography*; Abdomen, Acute/surgery; Adult; Humans; Intestinal Obstruction/complications; Intestinal Obstruction/radiography*
Melioidosis and the vascular surgeon: Hospital Kuala Lumpur experience

Azizi ZA, Yahya M, Lee SK

Asian J Surg, 2005 Oct;28(4):309-11.
PMID: 16234087

Bacterial arteritis is relatively uncommon and management of this condition, which carries high morbidity and mortality, is difficult and time-consuming. Common organisms implicated include Salmonella and Staphylococcus. Arteritis as a result of infection by Burkholderia pseudomallei (formerly Pseudomonas pseudomallei) has been rarely reported in the English literature. This organism, which is endemic in our part of the world, is well known to cause a wide spectrum of septic conditions. A review of cases managed at Hospital Kuala Lumpur revealed that bacterial arteritis due to melioidosis is not such a rare entity. We share our experience in the management of this condition using three cases as examples.

MeSH terms: Aged; Aneurysm, Infected/etiology*; Aneurysm, Infected/surgery; Aortic Aneurysm/etiology*; Aortic Aneurysm/surgery; Arteritis/drug therapy; Arteritis/etiology*; Arteritis/surgery; Femoral Artery; Humans; Male; Melioidosis/complications*; Melioidosis/drug therapy; Treatment Outcome; Treatment Failure; Aneurysm, False/etiology*; Aneurysm, False/surgery
Bone health in urban midlife Malaysian women: risk factors and prevention

Lim PS, Ong FB, Adeeb N, Seri SS, Noor-Aini MY, Shamsuddin K, et al.

Osteoporos Int, 2005 Dec;16(12):2069-79.
PMID: 16234999 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-005-2003-4

The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with osteoporosis in urban midlife Malaysian women and to assess the effectiveness of lifestyle intervention in bone loss prevention with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) as a positive control. A total of 514 disease-free, uterus-intact, non-HRT-using women aged 45 years and older were recruited into the study. After initial bone mineral density (BMD) assessments, they were randomized into three groups: GI (control), G2 (lifestyle intervention), and G3 (lifestyle intervention with HRT). The study group was composed of 67.5% Chinese, 27.8% Malay, and 4.2% Indians with a mean age of 51.07+/-5.28 years. Two-fifths were postmenopausal, and the prevalence of osteoporosis was 24.1%, seen predominantly at the hip. Postmenopausal women had significantly lower mean BMD and a higher incidence of osteoporosis compared with the premenopausal women, 42.1% vs. 11.1% (p<0.0005). A lower incidence of osteoporosis was found in women who took calcium supplementation regularly as opposed to those who do not, 18.7% vs. 29.3% (p=0.036). Age and a greater postmenopausal duration showed a significant negative association with BMD, whereas higher family income, weight, body mass index, and waist and hip circumference were positively correlated. After 18-20 months, the effect of intervention was assessed based on BMD values of 279 women at baseline and after intervention. Lifestyle intervention alone was effective in premenopausal women, preventing over 90% of spinal bone loss compared with the controls, who lost 11.6% (0.046 g/cm2) bone mass with similar losses of hip bone, 2.0% (0.026 g/cm2) vs. 1.5% (0.020 g/cm2). Premenopausal women on HRT also showed a substantial decrease in spine and hip BMD, 18.6% (0.081 g/cm2) and 9.0% (0.122 g/cm2), respectively. The lifestyle intervention program retarded postmenopausal bone loss by 21% and 37% compared with controls, who lost 9.6% (0.141 g/cm2) and 6.0% (0.138 g/cm2) bone mass at the spine and hip. In comparison, lifestyle intervention with HRT increased postmenopausal BMD by 12.7% (0.216 g/cm2) at the spine and 1.9% (0.042 g/cm2) at the hip. The changes in hip BMD were influenced by current age, ethnicity, and income, while intervention had the strongest effect on spine BMD changes. In conclusion, lifestyle intervention prevented spinal bone loss in premenopausal women and retarded postmenopausal spine and hip bone loss compared with controls. The benefits of physical activity on spine and hip BMD highlight its potential as a safe and cost-effective alternative to HRT, which is not advocated because of its potential adverse effects.

MeSH terms: Adult; Calcium, Dietary/administration & dosage; China/ethnology; Female; Hip; Humans; India/ethnology; Life Style; Malaysia; Malaysia/ethnology; Malaysia/epidemiology; Middle Aged; Osteoporosis/ethnology; Osteoporosis/epidemiology; Osteoporosis/prevention & control*; Risk Factors; Spine; Urban Health; Bone Density/physiology; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/ethnology; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/epidemiology; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/prevention & control; Incidence; Treatment Outcome; Age Distribution; Dietary Supplements; Hormone Replacement Therapy/methods; Perimenopause/physiology; Body Size
Artificial neural network based epileptic detection using time-domain and frequency-domain features

Srinivasan V, Eswaran C, Sriraam N

J Med Syst, 2005 Dec;29(6):647-60.
PMID: 16235818

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal plays an important role in the diagnosis of epilepsy. The long-term EEG recordings of an epileptic patient obtained from the ambulatory recording systems contain a large volume of EEG data. Detection of the epileptic activity requires a time consuming analysis of the entire length of the EEG data by an expert. The traditional methods of analysis being tedious, many automated diagnostic systems for epilepsy have emerged in recent years. This paper discusses an automated diagnostic method for epileptic detection using a special type of recurrent neural network known as Elman network. The experiments are carried out by using time-domain as well as frequency-domain features of the EEG signal. Experimental results show that Elman network yields epileptic detection accuracy rates as high as 99.6% with a single input feature which is better than the results obtained by using other types of neural networks with two and more input features.

MeSH terms: Electroencephalography/methods*; Epilepsy/diagnosis*; Humans; Seizures/physiopathology; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted*; Neural Networks (Computer)*
Effects of short-term exercise in the heat on thermoregulation, blood parameters, sweat secretion and sweat composition of tropic-dwelling subjects

Saat M, Sirisinghe RG, Singh R, Tochihara Y

J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci, 2005 Sep;24(5):541-9.
PMID: 16237263

This study investigates the effects of a short-term aerobic training program in a hot environment on thermoregulation, blood parameters, sweat secretion and composition in tropic-dwellers who have been exposed to passive heat. Sixteen healthy Malaysian-Malay male volunteers underwent heat acclimation (HA) by exercising on a bicycle ergometer at 60% of VO2max for 60 min each day in a hot environment (Ta: 31.1+/-0.1 degrees C, rh: 70.0+/-4.4%) for 14 days. All parameters mentioned above were recorded on Day 1 and at the end of HA (Day 16). On these two days, subjects rested for 10 min, then cycled at 60% of VO2max for 60 min and rested again for 20 min (recovery) in an improvised heat chamber. Rectal temperature (Tre), mean skin temperature (Tsk) heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), thermal sensation (TS), local sweat rate and percent dehydration were recorded during the test. Sweat concentration was analysed for sodium [Na+]sweat and potassium. Blood samples were analysed for biochemical changes, electrolytes and hematologic indices. Urine samples were collected before and after each test and analysed for electrolytes.After the period of acclimation the percent dehydration during exercise significantly increased from 1.77+/-0.09% (Day 1) to 2.14+/-0.07% (Day 16). Resting levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit and red blood cells decreased significantly while [Na+]sweat increased significantly. For Tre and Tsk there were no differences at rest. Tre, HR, RPE, TS, plasma lactate concentration, hemoglobin and hematocrit at the 40th min of exercise were significantly lower after the period of acclimation but mean corpuscular hemoglobin and serum osmolality were significantly higher while no difference was seen in [Na+]sweat and Tsk. It can be concluded that tropic-dwelling subjects, although exposed to prolonged passive heat exposure, were not fully heat acclimatized. To achieve further HA, they should gradually expose themselves to exercise-heat stress in a hot environment.

MeSH terms: Acclimatization/physiology*; Adolescent; Blood Chemical Analysis; Body Temperature; Body Temperature Regulation/physiology*; Heart Rate; Humans; Malaysia; Potassium/metabolism; Sodium/metabolism; Sweat/chemistry*; Sweating/physiology*; Temperature*; Tropical Climate; Exercise*; Statistics, Nonparametric
Factors associated with control of type I diabetes in Malaysian adolescents and young adults

Tan SM, Shafiee Z, Wu LL, Rizal AM, Rey JM

Int J Psychiatry Med, 2005;35(2):123-36.
PMID: 16240970 DOI: 10.2190/EQ71-RMWV-6CEJ-1DGM

Objectives: To examine the association between ethnicity, depression, quality of life, and diabetic control in Malaysian adolescents and young adults with type I diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Fifty-two outpatients with type I diabetes (mean age 15.5 years) who attended a Diabetes Clinic were included. The level of HbA1c was the measure of diabetes control used (better control defined as HbA1c < 10%). Other variables were measured through questionnaires (e.g., depressive symptoms, quality of life), computerized diagnostic interviews (major depression), and medical records (e.g., demographic, family circumstances, compliance with treatment).

Results: Ethnic Chinese youth showed better diabetic control than Malays and Indians (mean HbA1c 9.1%, 10.3%, and 11.0% respectively). Young people with better diabetic control (HbA1c < 10%) were more likely to have better quality of life and less likely to live in problematic families. When the cut-off for diabetic control was stricter (HbA1c < or = 8%), the young person's compliance was the main predictor of poor control. Family problems were also associated with poor control but to a lesser extent. The initial association between poorer diabetes control and depression became non-significant when quality of life was taken into account.

Conclusions: There are ethnic differences in juvenile diabetic control in this Malaysian sample which need to be understood further. Previous findings of an association between quality of life and glycemic control were verified but different definitions of good control showed different associations with individual and environmental variables. Clinicians' awareness and early intervention for psychosocial problems (for example, inadequate family support) could improve diabetes control.

MeSH terms: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/ethnology*; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/psychology*; Female; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated/metabolism; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Quality of Life/psychology*; Surveys and Questionnaires; Cost of Illness
Effect of Bcl-2 overexpression on cell cycle and antibody productivity in chemostat cultures of myeloma NS0 cells

Tey BT, Al-Rubeai M

J Biosci Bioeng, 2005 Sep;100(3):303-10.
PMID: 16243281

Chemostat cultures of NS0 cell lines were carried out at dilution rates ranging from 0.8 d(-1) to 0.2 d(-1). Compared with the control, the viable cell density of the Bcl-2 cell line was approximately 10% higher at 0.8 d(-1) and increased to 55% when the dilution rate was reduced to 0.2 d(-1). As the dilution rate was reduced, the viability of the two cultures diverged reaching a difference of 43% at 0.2 d(-1). The specific growth rate of the control cells was the same as the dilution rate down to a value of 0.6 d(-1). By contrast, the specific growth rate of Bcl-2 cells was parallel to the dilution rate down to a value as low as 0.3 d(-1). For both NS0 cell lines, the G1 cell population decreased, while the S and G2/M cell populations increased as the dilution rate was reduced. The antibody titer of the control cells increased from 7 to 21 microg.ml(-1) as the dilution rate was reduced from 0.8 to 0.2 d(-1). With an initial increase from 2 to 15 microg.ml(-1) as the dilution rate was reduced from 0.8 to 0.4 d(-1), the antibody titer of the Bcl-2 cells remained constant as the dilution rate was further reduced to 0.2 d(-1). A good correlation between specific antibody production rate and the percentage of G2/M cells was observed.

MeSH terms: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis*; Biotechnology/methods*; Cell Cycle*; Hybridomas/metabolism; Multiple Myeloma; Transfection; Transcriptional Activation; Bioreactors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism*; Cell Line, Tumor; Mice
Anthropometric and physiological profiles of sepak takraw players

Jawis MN, Singh R, Singh HJ, Yassin MN

Br J Sports Med, 2005 Nov;39(11):825-9; discussion 825-9.
PMID: 16244191

OBJECTIVES: Anthropometric and physiological profiles of national sepak takraw players were determined.
METHODS: Thirty nine players, specialising in the three playing positions (tekong/server, feeder, and killer/spiker) were divided into three age categories of under 15 (U15), under 18 (U18), and under 23 (U23) years of age. Height, weight, percent body fat (%bf), maximum oxygen consumption (Vo(2max)), range of motion (ROM), back and leg strength, and heart rate, for the estimation of oxygen consumption during matches, were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA for independent measurements and data are presented as mean+/-standard deviation.
RESULTS: The U23 players were significantly taller and heavier with significantly better ROM of the neck, trunk, and ankle joints and back and leg strength than the U15 players. No significant difference was found in %bf between the three age categories. Mean maximum heart rate during exercise was significantly higher in the U15 group when compared to the U18 and U23 groups (p<0.05). Mean Vo2max was similar between the three groups. Estimated oxygen consumption during matches was 69.1%, 68.5%, and 56.4% of Vo2max in the killer, tekong, and the feeder groups, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: The mean height, body weight, and cardiopulmonary capacities of the players were within the Malaysian population norms, but were somewhat lower than those of players of other court games from other countries. %bf was also lower in these players. This study provides the much needed anthropometric and physiological data of sepak takraw players for further development of this sport.

MeSH terms: Adolescent; Adult; Anthropometry*; Body Height/physiology; Body Weight/physiology; Heart Rate/physiology; Humans; Malaysia; Oxygen Consumption/physiology; Sports/physiology*; Range of Motion, Articular/physiology
The efficacy of timolol in gel-forming solution after morning or evening dosing in Asian glaucomatous patients

Ong LB, Liza-Sharmini AT, Chieng LL, Cheong MT, Vengadasalam SR, Shin HC, et al.

J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 2005 Oct;21(5):388-94.
PMID: 16245965

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of timolol gel-forming solution as a monotherapy and to compare the efficacy of timolol gel-forming solution morning instillation versus at night application in Asians with newly diagnosed open-angle glaucoma.

MeSH terms: Adult; Aged; Female; Gels; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/drug therapy*; Humans; Intraocular Pressure/drug effects; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Timolol/administration & dosage*; Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Effect of induced expression of an antimicrobial peptide melittin on Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis infections in vivo

Lazarev VN, Shkarupeta MM, Titova GA, Kostrjukova ES, Akopian TA, Govorun VM

Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2005 Dec 16;338(2):946-50.
PMID: 16246304

A plasmid construct was designed in which the gene of antimicrobial peptide melittin is controlled by the tetracycline-responsive promoter of human cytomegalovirus, aided by a constitutively expressed trans-activator protein gene. Its vaginal administration and induction of melittin gene transcription with doxycycline markedly suppressed subsequent genital tract infection of mice by Mycoplasma hominis and Chlamydia trachomatis. At least half of the melittin-protected animals proved free of either pathogen within 3-4 weeks. Recombinant plasmids expressing genes of antimicrobial peptides hold much promise as agents for prevention and control of urogenital latent infections.

MeSH terms: Animals; Chlamydia Infections/metabolism; Chlamydia Infections/microbiology*; Chlamydia Infections/therapy*; Chlamydia trachomatis/isolation & purification*; Female; Melitten/genetics; Melitten/metabolism; Melitten/therapeutic use*; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mycoplasma Infections/metabolism; Mycoplasma Infections/microbiology*; Mycoplasma Infections/therapy*; Plasmids/administration & dosage; Vaginitis/metabolism; Vaginitis/microbiology; Vaginitis/therapy; Genetic Therapy/methods; Treatment Outcome; Gene Transfer Techniques; Mycoplasma hominis/isolation & purification*; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/genetics; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/metabolism; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/therapeutic use*; Mice
Awareness and knowledge of epilepsy among students in a Malaysian university

Ab Rahman AF

Seizure, 2005 Dec;14(8):593-6.
PMID: 16246597

University students represent a better-educated group of society and it is important that they possess the correct knowledge and attitude towards healthcare issues. The aim of this study was to determine the current level of awareness and knowledge of epilepsy among students at a public university in Malaysia.

MeSH terms: Adult; Awareness*; Demography; Epilepsy/epidemiology; Epilepsy/psychology*; Female; Humans; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*; Malaysia/epidemiology; Male; Surveys and Questionnaires; Students/psychology*; Universities
Fulltext Martial arts injuries

Pieter W

Med Sport Sci, 2005;48:59-73.
PMID: 16247253 DOI: 10.1159/000084283

OBJECTIVE: To review the current evidence for the epidemiology of pediatric injuries in martial arts.
DATA SOURCES: The relevant literature was searched using SPORT DISCUS (keywords: martial arts injuries, judo injuries, karate injuries, and taekwondo injuries and ProQuest (keywords: martial arts, taekwondo, karate, and judo), as well as hand searches of the reference lists.
MAIN RESULTS: In general, the absolute number of injuries in girls is lower than in boys. However, when expressed relative to exposure, the injury rates of girls are higher. Injuries by body region reflect the specific techniques and rules of the martial art. The upper extremities tend to get injured more often in judo, the head and face in karate and the lower extremities in taekwondo. Activities engaged in at the time of injury included performing a kick or being thrown in judo, while punching in karate, and performing a roundhouse kick in taekwondo. Injury type tends to be martial art specific with sprains reported in judo and taekwondo and epistaxis in karate. Injury risk factors in martial arts include age, body weight and exposure.
CONCLUSIONS: Preventive measures should focus on education of coaches, referees, athletes, and tournament directors. Although descriptive research should continue, analytical studies are urgently needed.

MeSH terms: Arm Injuries/epidemiology; Athletic Injuries/epidemiology; Child; Facial Injuries/epidemiology; Female; Craniocerebral Trauma/epidemiology; Humans; Male; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Martial Arts/injuries*
Fulltext Taking stock of two decades of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Malaysia

Kamarulzaman A

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Mar;60(1):1-4.
PMID: 16250272
MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks*; Humans; Malaysia/epidemiology; HIV Infections/epidemiology*; HIV Infections/prevention & control; HIV Infections/transmission
Fulltext A review of day care ureteroscopy of a teaching hospital in Malaysia

Chan KY, Zulkifli MZ, Nazri MJ, Rashid MO

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Mar;60(1):5-9.
PMID: 16250273 MyJurnal

This is a retrospective review of 200 day-care ureteroscopies performed between April 1998 and October 2002. The aim was to determine the feasibility and safety of this procedure. The mean age was 38.8 years and 75% of them were male. Eighty-three percent were ASA 1 and the remainders were ASA 2. The side of procedure were 48.5% right, 2.5% left and 6% both sides. Fentanyl and proprofol were used during induction. Calculi were found in 82.5% of cases. Rigid and flexible scope were used in 91.5% and 10.5% of cases. There were 33% upper, 23% mid and 44% distal ureteric stones. The mean stone size was 9.37 X 6.93mm. Seventy-four percent required a ureteric stent insertion. The mean operative time was 58.3 minutes. Four percent of patients experienced pain post-operatively relieved by NSAID injection. Repeat ureteroscopy performed in 30% of patients. There were zero admission rates. This study suggests day-care ureteroscopy is effective, safe and well tolerated by patients.

MeSH terms: Adolescent; Adult; Day Care, Medical*; Female; Hospitals, Teaching*; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Ureteral Calculi/surgery*; Treatment Outcome; Ureteroscopy*
Fulltext Awareness of post-exposure prophylaxis guidelines against occupational exposure to HIV in Hospital Sungai Petani

Bairy KL, Ganaraja B, Indira B, Thiyagar N, Choo CM, See CK

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Mar;60(1):10-4.
PMID: 16250274

Occupational risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a matter of concern for health care workers. We conducted a study to gauge the level of awareness amongst HCW (doctors and nurses) working in Hospital Sungai Petani regarding the post-exposure prophylaxis in case of needle stick injuries from confirmed or suspected cases of HIV. Nineteen Doctors (56%) and 13 nurses (25%) were aware of correct risk of transmission. None identified all the four risk fluids correctly. 94% of doctors and 98% of nurses correctly stated that washing the site with soap and water is the initial procedure, but only few (1/10 of doctors and 1/3 of nurses) knew whom to contact immediately after injury. Twenty three doctors (67%) and 41(78%) nurses were aware of the use of Zidovudine but only 10 participants were aware of the use of second drug. Only 6 doctors (17%) and 8 nurses (15%) knew the correct duration of post-exposure prophylaxis. Twenty-three doctors (67%) and 35 nurses (67%) knew that the drugs were available in Hospital Pharmacy and 11 doctors and 12 nurses knew the approximate cost of therapy. On the average about 50% of doctors and nurses have fair knowledge of post exposure prophylaxis against HIV. Ongoing awareness and training are necessary to improve the same.

MeSH terms: Clinical Competence*; Health Personnel; Humans; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Malaysia; Medical Staff; Nurses; HIV Infections/prevention & control*; HIV Infections/transmission*; Occupational Exposure*; Needlestick Injuries; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Health Care Surveys; Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
Fulltext Audit on radiographs in anterior shoulder dislocations

Lee DJK, Yeap JS, Fazir M, Muhd Borhan TA, Kareem BA

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Mar;60(1):15-20.
PMID: 16250275

The radiographs of 115 anterior shoulder dislocations (100 patients; 74 males, 26 female were reviewed to assess the radiographic views used in the management of this dislocation. Eighty-eight patients (88%) had only the anteroposterior (AP) view, 10 patients had 2 radiographic views taken and only 2 patients had three radiographic views. Hill-Sachs lesions were found in 18%, and glenoid rim fractures in 3% of the patients. A greater tuberosity fracture was found in 18% of the patients. Therefore, the current practice in the management of an acute anterior shoulder dislocation appears to be to perform a single view (AP) pre-reduction radiograph to confirm the diagnosis and a single view (AP) post reduction radiograph to confirm reduction after a close manipulative reduction has been performed. This practice is likely to result in an underestimate of associated Hill Sachs lesion and glenoid rim fractures, but not greater tuberosity fractures.

MeSH terms: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Male; Medical Audit; Middle Aged; Shoulder Dislocation/epidemiology; Shoulder Dislocation/radiography*; Incidence
Fulltext Sensitivity and specificity of portable transient otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) in newborn hearing screening

Abdullah A, Long CW, Saim L, Mukari SZM

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Mar;60(1):21-7.
PMID: 16250276 MyJurnal

Early identification and management of hearing impairment is very valuable. The goal standard measurement of hearing loss is by brainstem evoked response (BSER). This prospective study was conducted in Hospital University Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM) to determine the sensitivity and specificity of transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) as a screening tool for hearing impairment from February 1999 to February 2000. One hundred and thirty-three newborns from postnatal ward and seventy-eight newborns from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were screened for possible hearing loss using portable TEOAE. This study showed that TEOAE is a very sensitive but moderately specific screening tool.

MeSH terms: Cochlear Microphonic Potentials*; Hearing Tests; Hospitals, University; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Malaysia; Sensitivity and Specificity; Neonatal Screening*; Clinical Trial; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous*; Hearing Loss/diagnosis*

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