Browse publications by year: 2011

  1. Fragment-based molecular design of new competitive dengue Den2 Ns2b/Ns3 inhibitors from the components of fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda)
    Frimayanti N, Zain SM, Lee VS, Wahab HA, Yusof R, Abd Rahman N
    In Silico Biol. (Gedrukt), 2011;11(1-2):29-37.
    PMID: 22475750 DOI: 10.3233/ISB-2012-0442
    Publication year=2011-2012
    MeSH terms: Dengue/drug therapy*; Dengue Virus/genetics*; Hydrogen Bonding; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Serine Endopeptidases/drug effects*; Drug Design; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors/chemistry*; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors*; Catalytic Domain; Zingiberaceae/chemistry*; Chalcones/chemistry; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
  2. From the ideal to the real world: a phenomenological inquiry into student sojourners' reentry adaptation
    Hsiao F
    J Music Ther, 2011;48(4):420-39.
    PMID: 22506298
    This phenomenological study examines the thematic structure of reentry transition for international music therapy graduates who have returned home after studying in the United States. Emphasis is placed upon career development. Standardized open-ended interviews were used to obtain rich and in-depth descriptions of the participants' experiences. Ten music therapists from six countries participated in the study. The themes that emerged from the data include moving from the ideal to the real world, shifting from the role of student to professional, confronting reality and working through challenges, and achieving personal growth and self-transformation. The dynamics of cross-cultural comparison, confronting the home culture, and redefining music therapy and professional identities within the local cultural context are illustrated via quotations from the participants. Implications and recommendations for music therapy education and career preparation for international graduates are discussed.
    MeSH terms: Acculturation; Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Attitude of Health Personnel; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Education, Professional/methods*; Female; Hong Kong; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*; Korea; Malaysia; Male; Music Therapy/education*; Music Therapy/methods; Professional Competence*; Singapore; Students/psychology*; Taiwan; United States; Self Efficacy*; Young Adult
  3. Fulltext Correlation of serum insulin like growth factor-I with retinopathy in Malaysian pregnant diabetics
    Adzura S, Muhaya M, Normalina M, Zaleha AM, Sharifa Ezat WP, Tajunisah I
    Int J Ophthalmol, 2011;4(1):69-72.
    PMID: 22553613 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2011.01.16
    AIM: To study the association of serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) with diabetic retinopathy.

    METHODS: Serum IGF-1 levels were measured in 25 pregnant diabetic patients and 25 pregnant non-diabetic patients who were matched for age, ethnicity, parity and period of gestation. Fundus examination was performed in both groups at 28, 32 and 36 weeks of gestation.

    RESULTS: The serum IGF-I level was significantly elevated in pregnant diabetics compared to pregnant non-diabetics (366±199μg/L vs 184±89μg/L, (P=0.0001) at 24 weeks, 535±251μg/L vs 356±89μg/L, (P=0.007) at 32 weeks and 404±166μg/L vs 264±113μg/L, (P=0.003) at 36 weeks of gestation). The pregnant diabetics with established diabetes had significantly higher IGF-1 level than gestational diabetes at 28, 32 and 36 weeks of gestation. The serum IGF-I level in pregnant diabetics with retinopathy was significantly higher than that in those without retinopathy at all periods of gestation.

    CONCLUSION: Increased serum IGF-1 in pregnancy may increase the risks for retinopathy.

  4. Fulltext Orbital apex syndrome after tooth extraction in an immunocompromised patient
    Subramaniam S, Min Tet C, Hazabbah Wan Hitam W, Hussein A, Ahmed Khan S, Kanti Pal H, et al.
    Int J Ophthalmol, 2011;4(1):112-4.
    PMID: 22553623 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2011.01.26
    A 60 year-old man presented with acute on set of left eye proptosis and ptosis. It was associated with poor vision, eye pain and restriction of eye movement of the same eye after 5 hours post left upper molar tooth extraction. The visual acuity in the left eye was hand movement. There was severe ptosis and proptosis of the left eye. The conjunctiva was chemotic with quite anterior chamber. The pupil was mid dilated and sluggished to light. The ocular movement was restricted in all directions. Fundoscopy of the left eye revealed features of central retinal artery occlusion with hyperaemic disc and subretinal exudates at posterior pole. The right eye appeared normal. Urgent MRI brain and orbit revealed severe left paranasal sinusitis with anterior displacement of the left globe and presence orbital abscess. Patient was managed with Otorhinolaryngology and Neurosurgery teams. He underwent emergency transnasal drainage of abscess. Histopathological examination of unhealthy sinus mucosa showed evidence of fungal infection. However, the culture and sensitivity result was inconclusive. Patient was treated with amphotericin B, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin clavulanate and metronidazole. Patient was detected to have high blood sugar level and was managed accordingly. The proptosis improved with treatment. However, his vision, ptosis and ophthalmoplegia remained static. Assessing the immunocompromised status is important for the management of patient presented as acute orbital apex syndrome to avoid fatal outcome.
  5. Fulltext Osteo-odonto keratoprosthesis in Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a case report
    Sc R, I T, T TD
    Int J Ophthalmol, 2011;4(2):212-5.
    PMID: 22553646 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2011.02.23
    To report a successful osteo-odonto keratoprosthesis (OOKP) procedure in a case of end stage of corneal blindness due to Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS).
  6. Fulltext Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy in Malaysia: a 5 years review
    Bawazir A, Gharebaghi R, Hussein A, Hazabbah Wan Hitam W
    Int J Ophthalmol, 2011;4(3):272-4.
    PMID: 22553660 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2011.03.12
    To evaluate the clinical presentations and visual outcomes of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION).
  7. Fulltext Intralenticular metallic foreign body: a case report
    Reddy SC
    Int J Ophthalmol, 2011;4(3):326-8.
    PMID: 22553673 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2011.03.25
    A case of retained intralenticular iron piece with signs of mild anterior uveitis at the time of presentation is reported in a 45 year-old man. His vision improved with topical cycloplegics and corticosteroids. After six months, his vision deteriorated grossly due to cataract formation. He regained good vision following removal of foreign body, extracapsular extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. This case highlights the conservative management of the condition till the patient develops cataract resulting in visual disability; and good visual recovery following cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation.
  8. Fulltext Bilateral scleromalacia perforans and peripheral corneal thinning in Wegener's granulomatosis
    Reddy SC, Tajunisah I, Rohana T
    Int J Ophthalmol, 2011;4(4):439-42.
    PMID: 22553696 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2011.04.22
    A rare case of bilateral scleromalacia perforans, bilateral peripheral corneal thinning (contact lens cornea) and unilateral orbital inflammatory disease in a 50 year old female patient with an indolent form Wegener's granulomatosis(WG) involving lungs and sinuses is reported. The patient survived for 12 years after the initial diagnosis of systemic disease. There was perforation of left globe following trauma and no perforation of the right globe till the last follow up of the patient.
  9. Fulltext Adverse outcomes in Type I diabetic pregnant women with proliferative diabetic retinopathy
    Helen CCT, Tajunisah I, Reddy SC
    Int J Ophthalmol, 2011;4(4):443-6.
    PMID: 22553697 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2011.04.23
    AIM: To report maternal and fetal adverse outcomes, in spite of appropriate treatment and regular follow up, in diabetic pregnant women with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
    METHODS: Case series of four young pregnant diabetics aged between 20 and 25 years with type I diabetes mellitus and proliferative diabetic retrinopathy.
    RESULTS: The maternal adverse outcomes were abortion in one patient, pre-eclampsia and preterm delivery in one patient, and renal failure requiring dialysis in one patient. The fetal adverse outcomes were neonatal death in one case and premature baby in another case.
    CONCLUSION: These cases highlight the fact that diabetic pregnant women should be closely followed up by the obstetricians and physicians when they have proliferative retinopathy. The proliferative diabetic retinopathy should be considered as a part of the assessment when counseling a diabetic woman in antenatal check up and also in the follow up visits during pregnancy.
    KEYWORDS: pregnancy; proliferative diabetic retinopathy; type I diabetes mellitus; vitreous haemorrhage
    Study site: Eye clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    MeSH terms: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetic Retinopathy*; Female; Hospitals, University; Humans; Malaysia; Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; Pregnancy
  10. Fulltext Awareness of eye complications and prevalence of retinopathy in the first visit to eye clinic among type 2 diabetic patients
    Tajunisah I, Wong P, Tan L, Rokiah P, Reddy S
    Int J Ophthalmol, 2011;4(5):519-24.
    PMID: 22553714 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2011.05.12
    AIM: To assess the awareness of eye complications and the prevalence of retinopathy, in the first visit to eye clinic, among type 2 diabetic patients attending a tertiary medical centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
    METHODS: An investigator-administered questionnaire was given to 137 patients with diabetes undergoing first time eye screening in the eye clinic. This was followed by a detailed fundus examination by a senior ophthalmologist to assess for presence of retinopathy.
    RESULTS: Almost 86% of respondents were aware of diabetic eye complications, especially in patients who had achieved tertiary educational level (96.3%). The majority of the patients (78.8%) were referred by their physicians and only 20.4% came on their own initiative. Many of the patients (43.8%) did not know how frequent they should go for an eye check-up and 72.3% did not know what treatments were available. Lack of understanding on diabetic eye diseases (68.6%) was the main barrier for most patients for not coming for eye screening earlier. Despite a high level of awareness, only 21.9% had recorded HbA1c level of <6.5% while 31.4% were under the erroneous assumption of having a good blood sugar control. A total of 29.2% had diabetic retinopathy in their first visit eye testing.
    CONCLUSION: In the present study, 29.2% of type 2 diabetic patients had retinopathy in their first time eye testing. Although the awareness of diabetic eye complications was high among first time eye screening patients, the appropriate eye care-seeking behavior was comparatively less and should be rectified to prevent the rise of this sight threatening eye disease.
    KEYWORDS: awa-reness; diabetic retinopathy; eye complications; eye screening
    Study site: Eye clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    MeSH terms: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*; Diabetic Retinopathy*; Hospitals, University; Humans; Malaysia; Mass Screening*; Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; Prevalence*
  11. Fulltext Retinal manifestations of patients with human immunodeficiency virus, a multiethnics study in Malaysia
    Loo AV, Sujaya S, Peyman M, Florence S, Subrayan V
    Int J Ophthalmol, 2011;4(6):641-3.
    PMID: 22553736 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2011.06.13
    To investigate the fundus findings of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in correlation to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) and CD4 count.
  12. Fulltext Severe psoriatic acroosteolysis in the absence of psoriatic arthropathy
    Sakthiswary R, Naicker AS, Htwe O, Shahrir MS, Sazliyana SS
    BMJ Case Rep, 2011;2011.
    PMID: 22669957 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.09.2011.4794
    MeSH terms: Aged; Humans; Male; Psoriasis/complications*; Psoriasis/pathology; Severity of Illness Index; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Acro-Osteolysis/etiology*; Acro-Osteolysis/pathology
  13. Fulltext Total pleurectomy as the surgical treatment for recurrent secondary spontaneous pneumothorax in a child with severe pulmonary Langerhans cells histiocytosis
    Abdul Aziz DA, Abdul Rahman NA, Tang SF, Abdul Latif H, Zaki FM, Annuar ZM, et al.
    BMJ Case Rep, 2011;2011.
    PMID: 22674944 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.09.2011.4734
    Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in children is more extensive and is a rare cause of spontaneous secondary pneumothorax (SSP) which tends to be recurrent and refractory to conventional treatment. Its occurrence in paediatric patients posed great challenge to the choice of surgical management. Surgery in the form of pleurodesis is only considered if SSP does not improve after chemotherapy and after considering all relevant risk and benefits of surgery to patients. Chemical pleurodesis will not give the expected effect to eradicate SSP in this patient. Therefore mechanical pleurodesis is the treatment of choice. There are various techniques to perform mechanical pleurodesis; from pleural abrasion to pleurectomy. In the authors' experience, bilateral total pleurectomy provided the best outcome for this 9-year-old patient with persistent respiratory distress from SSP due to extensive pulmonary LCH.
    MeSH terms: Child; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/complications*; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/radiography; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/surgery*; Humans; Male; Pleura/surgery*; Pneumothorax/etiology*; Pneumothorax/radiography; Pneumothorax/surgery*; Recurrence; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  14. Fulltext An increasingly notorious mimicker of testicular tumours; crossing borders
    Periyasamy P, Subramaniam SR, Rajalingham S
    BMJ Case Rep, 2011;2011.
    PMID: 22675021 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.09.2011.4816
    Data from the WHO state that up to 85% of cases of human schistosomiasis are from Africa. The common sites of this parasitic infection are the intestine and bladder. Testicular schistosomiasis is extremely rare but the number of reported cases worldwide has doubled over the past decade. The authors report a case of testicular schistosomiasis of a Myanmar immigrant in Malaysia who presented with a 6-month history of progressively enlarging left testicular swelling. His biochemical markers and cultures were not suggestive of an ongoing infection. Hence, a testicular malignancy was strongly suspected, for which, he underwent a left orchidectomy. Our clinical suspicion was proven wrong when the histopathology of the removed left testis revealed schistosomal eggs with granulamatous tissue formation. Subsequently, the patient was treated with praziquantel.
    MeSH terms: Adult; Anthelmintics/therapeutic use; Diagnosis, Differential; Emigration and Immigration; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Orchiectomy; Praziquantel/therapeutic use; Schistosomiasis/diagnosis*; Schistosomiasis/drug therapy; Schistosomiasis/surgery; Testicular Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Testis/parasitology*; Testis/surgery
  15. Fulltext Dermatomyositis masquerading musculoskeletal tuberculosis
    Rajalingham S, Said MS, Shaharir SS, AbAziz A, Periyasamy P, Anshar FM
    BMJ Case Rep, 2011;2011.
    PMID: 22675098 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.08.2011.4675
    Dermatomyositis is a rare rheumatic disease which predominantly affects the muscles and skin requiring a protracted course of immunosuppressants which may predispose the patients to opportunistic infections. A 49-year-old lady was diagnosed to have dermatomyositis in August 2010 based on history, significantly raised creatine kinase level and muscle biopsy findings. She had recurrent admissions due to fever, myalgia and muscle weakness. She had spiking temperature despite high dose steroids, broad-spectrum antibiotics and antifungal agents. This prompted extensive investigation which leads us to the additional diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis involving the lungs, muscles and bones. This case demonstrates the challenge in controlling the disease activity of dermatomyositis with immunosuppressants in the setting of disseminated tuberculosis.
    MeSH terms: Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use; Dermatomyositis/complications; Dermatomyositis/diagnosis*; Dermatomyositis/drug therapy; Female; Hospitals, University; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use; Malaysia; Middle Aged; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular/complications; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular/diagnosis*; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/complications; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis*; Muscle, Skeletal/microbiology
  16. Fulltext Bleeding small bowel cavernous haemangioma following blunt trauma to the abdomen presenting as subacute intestinal obstruction in a child
    Abdul Aziz DA, Khandasamy Y, Tamba RP, Zaki FM
    BMJ Case Rep, 2011;2011.
    PMID: 22679168 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.08.2011.4672
    The authors report a case of a 6-year-old girl who developed subacute intestinal obstruction after a trivial blunt trauma to her abdomen. Her normal vital signs masked the presence of intestinal bleeding. An incidental finding at surgery of a haematomatous polypoid vascular growth of the ileum was subsequently confirmed to be cavernous haemangioma of the small bowel. Surgical resection was curative in this patient.
    MeSH terms: Bicycling/injuries*; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hemangioma, Cavernous/diagnosis; Hemangioma, Cavernous/etiology*; Hemangioma, Cavernous/surgery; Humans; Intestinal Obstruction/diagnosis; Intestinal Obstruction/etiology*; Intestinal Obstruction/surgery; Intestine, Small/injuries*; Laparoscopy; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications*
  17. Fulltext Salmonella meningitis in a paediatric patient caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Houtenae
    Nimir AR, Ibrahim R, Ibrahim IA
    BMJ Case Rep, 2011;2011.
    PMID: 22689601 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.04.2011.4096
    The authors report a case of a 6-week-old baby girl who was admitted to the paediatric ward due to a high fever for 2 days. The patient experienced three fits which took place while in the ward. A brain sonogram showed subdural heterogeneous collection consistent with focal empyema; however, no hydrocephalus or infarction was detected. An urgent Burr hole procedure was performed to remove the collected pus. Both blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture grew Salmonella species which remain sensitive to some antibiotics. This strain was sent to the institute of medical research (IMR) for serotyping. The patient was treated with intravenous combination of ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin for 3 weeks. One week later, IMR sent results that identified the strain as Salmonella enterica serotype Houtenae. Following antibiotic treatment, repeat ultrasound illustrated an improvement of the subdural empyema, and the gram stain of the CSF specimen failed to isolate bacteria.
    MeSH terms: Female; Humans; Infant; Salmonella Infections*; Serotyping; Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology*; Salmonella enterica/classification*
  18. Fulltext Surgical management of unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with ocular coloboma in a 7-year-old child with Noonan syndrome
    Bastion ML, Qader AM
    BMJ Case Rep, 2011;2011.
    PMID: 22696753 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.02.2011.3889
    The authors would like to present an unusual case of unilateral retinal detachment, phacodonesis, dense cataract and ocular coloboma in a 7-year-old Indian Muslim boy with Noonan syndrome. He underwent lensectomy, 23G pars planar vitrectomy, air fluid exchange, endolaser and silicone oil injection which successfully reattached the retina. His best corrected visual acuity was 6/24 6 months after the surgery and oil removal.
    MeSH terms: Child; Coloboma/complications*; Humans; Male; Noonan Syndrome/complications*; Retina/abnormalities*; Retina/surgery; Retinal Detachment/etiology; Retinal Detachment/surgery*; Vitrectomy*
  19. Fulltext Optic nerve involvement as a first manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia after remission
    Peyman M, Hieng TL, Subrayan V
    BMJ Case Rep, 2011;2011.
    PMID: 22698906 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.11.2010.3517
    MeSH terms: Female; Humans; Optic Nerve Diseases/etiology*; Optic Nerve Diseases/pathology; Recurrence; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications*; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology; Young Adult
  20. Fulltext Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD): a case with additional features and review of the literature
    Chew HB, Ngu LH, Keng WT
    BMJ Case Rep, 2011;2011.
    PMID: 22715259 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.02.2010.2706
    A rare syndrome of rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) has been recently described. We report the first patient with this syndrome in Southeast Asia and review reported cases to date. Our patient was good health with normal development until the age of 2. He then developed hyperphagic obesity, hypersomnolence, seizures, alveolar hypoventilation, central hypothyroidism, sodium and water dysregulation, gastrointestinal dysmotility, strabismus, disordered temperature and irregular heart rate, altered sweating, delayed puberty, mental retardation and recurrent respiratory tract infections. The cardiomyopathy with heart failure and abnormal cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) neurotransmitter analysis present in our patient have not been reported previously. Tumours of the sympathetic nervous system are known to be associated with this syndrome but had not been found in our patient at the time of reporting. We highlight the difficulty of achieving the diagnosis of ROHHAD syndrome and its overlap with other well-established disease entities. The mortality and morbidity resulting from the high incidence of cardiorespiratory arrest may be prevented by early ventilatory support.
    MeSH terms: Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis*; Child; Humans; Hypothalamic Diseases/diagnosis*; Hypoventilation/diagnosis*; Male; Obesity/diagnosis*; Syndrome
External Links