Browse publications by year: 2017

  1. Ahmad Najib Abd Razak, Ahmad Hashim
    MyJurnal
    The main purpose of this study was to identify the physical fitness component relationship to the 100 meter sprint in 13-year-old male students. This study was a quantitative study using experimental case study (one shot case study) to analyze the relationship between sports-based physical fitness component and anthropometric component to 100 meter sprint. A total of 180 pupils were selected as sample samples using stratified random sampling method. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The findings show that five out of ten talent divider variables in the 100 meter sprint variant, power, speed, reaction time, standing height and weight are the predictor of the 100 meter sprint performance among 13-year-old male students. The combination of three variants of sports-based physical fitness components contributes 50.2% (R Square = .502) variants of sports-based physical fitness components can be explained by a combination of linear measurements in a 100 meter sprint score [F (6,173) = 29.046, p
  2. Syed Ahmad Ezahar Syed Ambon, Mohd. Foazi Md Nor, Syed Idrus Syed Mudayah, Junaidy Mohamad Hashim
    MyJurnal
    The study was conducted to determine the level of cardiovascular performance for Kedah team rugby players who will participate in the national Agong Cup's rugby championship. The test instrument used was the 20-meter multistage shuttle run pacer test. The total sample of the study was 40 (n = 40) consisted of players between the ages of 19 and 39. Assessment of cardiovascular endurance levels can be performed with measurements of VO2max (ml • kg-1 • min-1) as the most accurate score can be obtained to measure the fitness level of individual cardiovascular endurance. Therefore min VO2max (ml • kg-1 • min-1) obtained from the 20- meter multistage shuttle run pacer test shows that the VO2max (ml • kg-1 • min-1) level of the study sample is good and is at high level.
    MeSH terms: Humans; Malaysia; Athletes*; Cardiorespiratory Fitness*
  3. Nurul Diyana Sanuddin, Ahmad Hashim
    MyJurnal
    This study was conducted to determine the content validity of the interest assessment instruments and students' interest in physical fitness activities. Researchers will determine the validity and reliability of the Children's Attractive to Physical Activity (CAPA) questionnaire to assess the child's interest in physical fitness activities to ensure the validity of the items (instruments) to be defensible, accurate, appropriate and relevant to the study, and usability and can provide meaningful information. The results of this study show that children's Attraction to Physical Activity questionnaire (CAPA) has a high literacy content value of .78. and the value of the true expertise of the field expert is .77. Therefore, the correlation value of questionnaire reliability was obtained through the Cronbh Alpha method of r = 0.76. This can be explained that the contents of the Children's Attraction to Physical Activity (CAPA) questionnaire are very relevant to use.
  4. Ali Md Nadzalan, Chaowalak Rittisorakrai, Nur Ikhwan Mohamad, Ebby Waqqash Mohamad Chan
    MyJurnal
    Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education 6(2): 36-44, 2017 – This study was conducted to determine and compare the fascicle behaviour during step forward lunge (SFL) and jump forward lunge (JFL) in badminton. Fifteen university badminton players (mean age = 22.07 ± 1.39 years old) were recruited and were assigned to perform SFL and JFL while holding a badminton racquet using their dominant hand. Fascicle length, pennation angle, lengthening and shortening velocity of their vastus lateralis muscle were analysed using ultrasonography method. In both dominant and non-dominant lower limb, FLmax, FLmin, PAmax and PAmin were all greater during JFL compared to SFL, p < 0.001. During both SFL and JFL, all the fascicle behaviour variables were greater in the dominant limb compared to non-dominant limb. To conclude, as the fascicle behaviour response would indicate more muscle adaptation, the stimuli were found to be greater during JFL compared to SFL.
  5. ChongYong, Chua, HongChoon, Ong
    MyJurnal
    Score-based structure learning algorithm is commonly used in learning the Bayesian Network. Other than searching strategy, scoring functions play a vital role in these algorithms. Many studies proposed various types of scoring functions with different characteristics. In this study, we compare the performances of five scoring functions: Bayesian Dirichlet equivalent-likelihood (BDe) score (equivalent sample size, ESS of 4 and 10), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) score, Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) score and K2 score. Instead of just comparing networks with different scores, we included different learning algorithms to study the relationship between score functions and greedy search learning algorithms. Structural hamming distance is used to measure the difference between networks obtained and the true network. The results are divided into two sections where the first section studies the differences between data with different number of variables and the second section studies the differences between data with different sample sizes. In general, the BIC score performs well and consistently for most data while the BDe score with an equivalent sample size of 4 performs better for data with bigger sample sizes.
    MeSH terms: Algorithms; Bayes Theorem; Probability; Transcription Factors; Sample Size
  6. Sethu Thakachy Subha, Fathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad, Abdul Jalil Nordin, Saraiza Abu Bakar
    MyJurnal
    This study sought to prospectively evaluate the influence of contrasted fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDGPET/CT) in the staging of and impact on the management plan for treatment in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A total of 14 histologically proven NPC patients (mean age: 44.64±4.01years) were included in the study. These patients underwent contrasted Computed Tomography (CT) as well as 18F-FDGPET/CT imaging. Staging was based on the 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor Node Metastases (AJCCTNM) recommendations.The oncologist was asked to prospectively assign a treatment plan for all patients being evaluated by CT and 18F-FDGPET/CT. The treatment plans were compared with the incremental information supplied by the FDG-PET/CT. The maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) and the widest dimension of the primary tumour, cervical lymph nodes size and the distant metastatic lesions were quantified on the co-registered PET/CT images by two experienced nuclear radiologists. The contrasted 18F-FDGPET/CT changed the management intent in nine patients (64.7%). A univariate analysis showed that there were significant correlations between SUVmax and the size of the metastatic
    lymph nodes (R2 =0.0761, p
    MeSH terms: Adult; Carcinoma; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Middle Aged; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; United States; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron-Emission Tomography; Multimodal Imaging; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Oncologists; Radiologists
  7. Azli Baharudin, Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad, Balkish Mahadir Naidu, Nurul Rufaidah Hamzah, Nor Azian Mohd Zaki, Ahmad Ali Zainuddin, et al.
    MyJurnal
    This study sought to examine the reliability and validity of height measurements using a portable
    stadiometer as compared to a mechanical scale. Samples from 142 adults aged 22 to 57 were taken during data collection in November 2014. There was a high degree of reliability for the inter-examiner, intraexaminer and inter-instrument aspects with regards to mean difference, the inter correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman Plot. For the inter-examiner aspect, the height measurement taken by the first examiner was 0.01 cm higher than that by the second examiner with an ICC of 0.999. For the intraexaminer aspect, the difference was 0.1 cm; this was higher in the first measurement compared to the second. The ICC was also 0.999. For the inter-instrument aspect, measurement taken by stadiometer was 0.61 cm higher than the measurement taken by mechanical scale and the ICC was 0.997. The Bland-Altman plot showed a distribution of differences between measurements in the inter-examiner, intraexaminer and inter-instrument aspects that were close to zero within the narrow range of ±1.96SD. The technical error of measurement (TEM), coefficient of reliability (R) and coefficient of variation (CV) for the inter-examiner, intra-examiner and inter-instrument aspects were within the acceptable limits. This study suggests that the portable stadiometer is reliable and valid for use in community surveys.
    MeSH terms: Adult; Humans; Surveys and Questionnaires; Reproducibility of Results
  8. Nuzul Azam Haron, Raja Putri Zarifh Ana Raja Soh, Aizul Nahar Harun
    MyJurnal
    This paper seeks to clarify Building Information Modelling (BIM) and its implementation in Malaysia.
    Most developed countries that have implemented BIM in the construction industry have found it effective. This paper reviews existing literature on the implementation of BIM and examines the implementation strategies that have been developed. The review highlights numerous advantages of BIM in construction, which include, among others, reducing cost, time, carbon burden and capital cost. BIM can also help increase broader efficiencies and improve coordination and communication between each party. However, implementing BIM is complicated and requires efforts from both the government and the private sector. While the implementation of BIM may reduce costs in developed countries, it may not do so in developing countries; in Malaysia, for instance, costs act as an initial barrier. Other obstacles to implementing BIM in Malaysia include application system requirements and lack of knowledge and readiness to change. To facilitate its implementation in the construction industry, the Malaysian government needs to hold seminars to promote a better understanding of BIM. They may also introduce a properly structured BIM course by preparing a standard code of practices and guidelines for BIM in the education sector.
    MeSH terms: Carbon; Communication; Developing Countries; Government; Malaysia; Publications; Private Sector; Developed Countries; Knowledge; Construction Industry
  9. Md. Suffian, I., Nurhafiza, R., Noor Hazwani, M.A.
    MyJurnal
    This study presents an empirical approach for estimating sea surface salinity (SSS) from remote sensing
    of ocean colour. The analysis is based on two important empirical relationships of in-water optical
    properties. The first involves the behaviour of the optical properties of coloured dissolved organic matter
    (CDOM) under conservative mixing along the salinity gradient. The second is the tight relationship
    between CDOM and water-leaving radiance. Our results showed that CDOM absorption coefficients
    in ultra-violet wavelengths (350 and 380 nm) can be best estimated using the blue-green band ratio
    Rrs(412/547) with a R2
    value of 0.87. It was also found that the absorption coefficient of CDOM in
    the study area was tightly correlated with the salinity (R2
    ≈0.83); however, the data indicate that this
    relationship may be dependent on freshwater flow and the intensity of vertical mixing. During the wet
    and well-mixed season (Northeast monsoon), CDOM was almost conservative with salinity but tended
    to behave non-conservatively during the dry and stratified season (Southwest monsoon). These resulting
    empirical relationships allow CDOM and salinity in the study area to be estimated from satellite ocean
    colour data. Validation using independent datasets showed that the algorithms for CDOM and salinity
    perform relatively well with the RMS error of 0.04 m-1 and 0.30`, respectively, over a range of salinity
    from 30` to 33`. The ability of the algorithm to predict salinity as those presented in this study can be
    further improved using more independent tests with in-situ and satellite bio-optical measurements.
  10. Chua, S.K., Singh, Devinder K.A., Rajaratnam, B.S., Mokhtar, Sabarul A., Sridharan, R., Gan, K.B., et al.
    MyJurnal
    Older adults are at risk of osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are associated with a reduced cross-sectional area and muscle strength of the back extensor muscles, increased intramuscular fat infiltration and thoracic and lumbar curvature alterations. This study proposed a protocol to examine in more detail the contributions of altered spinal morphological, physical performance and biochemical markers to the risk of developing osteoporotic vertebral fractures. In this cross-sectional study, we plan to recruit 100 adults aged 50 years and above from an orthopaedic clinic, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The fracture prediction tool (FRAX) will be used to categorise high and low risk groups. Back muscle strength will be quantified using a load cell system. Thoracolumbar curvatures will be examined using an electromagnetic tracking system and intramuscular fat infiltration in the lumbar muscles will be measured using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The Short Physical Performance Battery and JAMA dynamometer will quantify physical performance and the European Quality of Life Questionnaire will be used to assess self-perceived quality of life. Biochemical markers of serum C terminal telopeptide and N terminal propeptide of type I procollagen will be assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays kit. A spine-specific model using regression analysis will be developed to predict osteoporotic vertebral fractures using the measured parameters in the present study.
    MeSH terms: Back; Cross-Sectional Studies; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Malaysia; Orthopedics; Quality of Life; Surveys and Questionnaires; Regression Analysis; Biomarkers; Collagen Type I; Muscle Strength; Electromagnetic Phenomena; Osteoporotic Fractures; Back Muscles
  11. Uma E, Ismail Rashid AH, Abas AL, Nettem S, Nagraj SK, Mastura N
    Int J Appl Basic Med Res, 2017 Dec;7(Suppl 1):S8-S14.
    PMID: 29344450 DOI: 10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_133_17
    Context: Of the several methods available for assessment of professionalism, there is still no consensus on an ideal tool for dental undergraduate (UG) students.

    Aims: The study aims to use a hybrid tool for assessment of professionalism among dental undergraduate students.

    Settings and Design: Cross-sectional design with purposive sampling.

    Subjects and Methods: All final year UG dental students participated in this study. Evaluation of knowledge about professionalism was through written test. Professional behavior of each final year student in a clinical setting was assessed with a prevalidated questionnaire of multisource feedback (MSF). The scores of written test and the MSF were calculated for each student. Data were analyzed to evaluate scores of knowledge and MSF scores as per assessor category. Correlation between knowledge scores and MSF was evaluated. Student perceptions were taken toward assessment of professionalism.

    Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics. Pearson's coefficient was used to determine the correlation between average knowledge scores and the MSF scores.

    Results: Knowledge scores were significantly more for female students (P < 0.05, t-test). Patients rated the students highest. Correlation between knowledge and MSF scores was found to be statistically significant (Pearson's correlation, P < 0.01). Students gave feedback that assessment of professionalism should be done from the beginning of the clinical years.

    Conclusions: Evaluation revealed that knowledge toward professionalism correlated with the professional behavior implying association between knowledge and reasons for a particular action.

  12. Tan, C.X., Azrina, A.
    MyJurnal
    Beans are distinctive among a diverse and broad class of legumes. Certain health products claimed their products are high in dietary fibers and total phenolic content (TPC) because they applied bean combinations. This study aimed to determine the dietary fibers and TPC of raw and cooked beans and its combinations. Individual beans studied were kidney bean, mung bean and chickpea. Bean combinations were done by mixing each of the homogenized beans flour in the ratio of 1:1 (w/w) and 1:1:1 (w/w/w). Dietary fibers were determined using enzymaticgravimetrical method whereas TPC was determined spectrophotometrically. Results showed the insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), soluble dietary fiber (SDF), total dietary fiber (TDF) and TPC for individual raw beans varied from 20.52 to 26.61 g/100 g, 1.20 to 2.45 g/100 g, 22.08 to 27.81 g/100 g and 0.48 to 1.04 mg GAE/g, respectively. For raw bean combinations, the IDF, SDF, TDF and TPC varied from 20.74 to 23.96 g/100 g, 2.3 to 2.50 g/100 g, 23.05 to 26.46 g/100 g and 0.80 to 0.85 mg GAE/g, respectively. No significant different (p > 0.05) in IDF and SDF for raw bean combinations and individual raw beans. Meanwhile, certain raw bean combinations contained significant higher (p < 0.05) TDF and TPC than individual raw beans. The IDF, SDF, TDF and TPC for individual cooked beans varied from 14.49 to 26.30 g/100 g, 1.40 to 2.02 g/100 g, 15.88 to 28.31 g/100 g and 0.57 to 1.20 mg GAE/g, respectively. For cooked bean combinations, the IDF, SDF, TDF and TPC varied from 15.73 to 23.03 g/100 g, 1.73 to 2.36 g/100 g, 17.46 to 24.95 g/100 g and 0.61 to 1.08 mg GAE/g, respectively. After cooking, the IDF, SDF, TDF and TPC of certain beans combinations were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than individual beans. This study supports the proposal that bean combinations can possibly be used as a method to increase the amount of dietary fibers and TPC.
    MeSH terms: Cooking; Dietary Fiber; Flour; Phenols; Spectrophotometry; Vegetables; Phaseolus; Cicer; Vigna
  13. Zzaman, W., Yusoff, M.M., Yang, T.A.
    MyJurnal
    Fish crackers made from freshwater fishes is a new dimension in fish cracker industry. In this study, three species were chosen based on their general preference and acceptability by Malaysian. Together with other ingredients, these crackers were prepared using standard formulation and tested in laboratory for their proximate analysis and physical characteristic analysis includes linear expansion, oil absorption, color measurement and texture. Sensory analysis for overall acceptability was carried out among trained panelist in the school. The results for proximate composition and physical analysis showed that there were significant differences (p
    MeSH terms: Animals; Color; Fishes; Fresh Water; Laboratories
  14. Zahra Dashtizadeh, Abdan, K., Jawaid, M., Mohd Asim Khan, Mohammad Behmanesh, Masoud Dashtizadeh, et al.
    MyJurnal
    Environmental issues have motivated researchers to replace synthetic fibres with natural fibres in the
    fabrication of polymer composites. However, natural fibres demonstrate weak mechanical or thermal
    properties which limit their different applications. Researchers have suggested fabrication of hybrid
    composites in order to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of natural fibre-based composites.
    Hybrid composites are made up by two or more fibres in one matrix or two polymer blends and with
    one natural fibre reinforcement. By hybridising one
    natural fibre with another natural fibre/synthetic
    fibre in one matrix, the resulting composite is a
    unique product (hybrid composites) that displays
    better mechanical and thermal properties in
    comparison with individual fibre-reinforced
    polymer composites. The advantages of developing
    hybrid composites are that they are more reliable
    for different applications and more environmental
    friendly. In this review paper, we present some
    recently published works related to mechanical
    and thermal properties of natural/natural fibres, and
    natural/synthetic fibre-based hybrid composites. Hybrid composites are one of the emerging fields in material science which has attracted attention for
    their different engineering applications.
  15. Mohd Nurazzi, N., Khalina, A., Sapuan, S.M., Dayang Laila, A.H.A.M., Hanafee, Z., Rahmah, M.
    MyJurnal
    The growing interest, environmental consciousness and high performance demands on engineering have
    led to extensive research and development of new and improved materials. Among the most commonly
    used natural fibres are kenaf, oil palm, sugar palm, pineapple leaf fibre, flax, hemp, sisal, coir and jute.
    These fibres are used to reinforce thermoplastic polymer matrices such as polystyrene (PS), polypropylene
    (PP), polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Meanwhile, phenolic, unsaturated polyester vinyl
    ester and epoxy resin are for thermosetting polymer matrices. The objective of this paper is to solicit
    works that cover major class of natural fibres, thermosetting polymers matrices, which detail about
    unsaturated polyester resin and hybrid biocomposites industry.
  16. Nurul Reffa Azyan, N., Norkhairunnisa, M., Tay, C.H., Azmah Hanim, M.A.
    MyJurnal
    Dispersibility of nanoparticles is the key problem in nanotechnology industries, and thus warrants
    attention on the techniques of dispersion. This review paper presents dispersibility of treated nanoparticles
    in polymer resin. Dispersibility of nanoparticles in polymer media is crucial in order to enhance the
    mechanical and thermal properties of nanocomposite. This paper concentrates on several preparations
    on how to incorporate nanoparticles in polymer to overcome the problem described in this review. A
    few techniques are discussed in this paper such as by using ultra sonication or even directly mixing
    nanoparticles into polymer matrix.
  17. Saba, N., Paridah, M.T., Abdan, K., Ibrahim, N.A.
    MyJurnal
    The enormous attention and interest by both academics and industrial field for greener, biodegradable
    and renewable materials implicate a persuasive trends towards the encroachment of nano-materials
    science and technology in the polymer composite field. Nanocomposites creates high impacts on the
    development of nano materials with advanced features to solve potential risks with their wider industrial
    applications. Nano fibres are highly engineered fibres with diameters less than 100 nm that offer several
    advantages over conventional fibres. One dimensional (1D) nanostructure fillers such as carbon nano
    fibre and cellulose nano fibre are the most common, promising and unique for developing multifunctional
    nanocomposites with better properties and extensive applications compared to micro size fibres. Nano
    fibre technology brings revolution by providing products that are completely safe, truly greener, reliable
    and environmentally friendly for industries, researchers and users. This review article is intended to
    present valuable literature data on research and trend in the fields of carbon and cellulose nano fiber,
    nanocomposites with specific focus on various applications for a sustainable and greener environment.
  18. Hamidreza Mohafez, Siti Anom Ahmad, Mohammad Hamiruce Marhaban, Maryam Hadizadeh, Mohammad Iqbal Saripan
    MyJurnal
    Non-invasive imaging modalities for wound assessment have become increasingly popular over the past
    two decades. The wounds can be developed superficially or from within deep tissues, depending on the
    nature of the dominant risk factors. Developing a reproducible quantitative method to assess woundhealing
    status has demonstrated to be a convoluted task. Advances in High-Frequency Ultrasound (HFU)
    skin scanners have expanded their application as they are cost-effective and reproducible diagnostic tools
    in dermatology, including for the measurement of skin thickness, the assessment of skin tumours, the
    estimation of the volume of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, the visualisation of skin structure
    and the monitoring of the healing of acute and chronic wounds. Previous studies have revealed that HFU
    images carry dominant parameters and depict the phenomena occurring within deep tissue layers during
    the wound-healing process. However, the investigations have mostly focussed on the validation of HFU
    images, and few studies have utilised HFU imaging in quantitative assessment of wound generation and
    healing. This paper is an introductory review of the
    important studies proposed by the researchers in
    the context of wound assessment. The principles
    of dermasonography are briefly explained,
    followed by a review of the relevant literature that
    investigated the wound-healing process and tissue
    structures within the wound using HFU imaging.
  19. Shuib, A., Alwadood, Z.
    MyJurnal
    This paper presents a mathematical approach to solve railway rescheduling problems. The approach assumes that the trains are able to resume their journey after a given time frame of disruption whereby The train that experiences disruption and trains affected by the incident are rescheduled. The approach employed mathematical model to prioritise certain types of train according the railway operator’s requirement. A pre-emptive goal programming model was adapted to find an optimal solution that satisfies the operational constraints and the company’s stated goals. Initially, the model minimises the total service delay of all trains while adhering to the minimum headway requirement and track capacity. Subsequently, it maximises the train service reliability by only considering the trains with delay time window of five minutes or less. The model uses MATLAB R2014a software which automatically generates the optimal solution of the problem based on the input matrix of constraints. An experiment with three incident scenarios on a double-track railway of local network was conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. The new provisional timetable was produced in short computing time and the model was able to prioritise desired train schedule.
    MeSH terms: Employment; Goals; Models, Theoretical; Personal Satisfaction; Software; Reproducibility of Results
  20. Shakila, S., Noryati, A., Maheran, M.J.
    MyJurnal
    The study of stock market volatility has been the focus of market participants primarily because most
    of the applications in financial economics are concerned with volatility. The economic structure in
    Malaysia is divided into three sectors: primary, secondary and tertiary. As the stability of the stock
    market is important for businesses, this paper carefully reviews the concept of volatility and analyses
    how different business sectors in Malaysia are affected by stock market volatility.
    MeSH terms: Commerce; Investments; Malaysia; Organizations; Volatilization
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