OBJECTIVE: Explore the relationship between domestic violence on the decision-making power of married women in Myanmar.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional.
SETTING: National, both urban and rural areas of Myanmar.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey 2015-16 were used in this analysis. In that survey, married women aged between 15 to 49 years were selected for interview using a multistage cluster sampling technique. The dependent variables were domestic violence and the decision-making power of women. Independent variables were age of the respondents, educational level, place of residence, employment status, number of children younger than 5 years of age and wealth index.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Domestic violence and decision-making power of women.
SAMPLE SIZE: 7870 currently married women.
RESULTS: About 50% respondents were 35 to 49 years of age and the mean (SD) age was 35 (8.4) years. Women's place of residence and employment status had a significant impact on decision-making power whereas age group and decision-making power of women had a relationship with domestic violence.
CONCLUSION: Giving women decision making power will be indispensable for the achievement of sustainable development goals. Government and other stakeholders should emphasize this to eliminate violence against women.
LIMITATIONS: Use of secondary data analysis of cross-sectional study design and cross-sectional studies are not suitable design to assess this causality. Secondly the self-reported data on violence may be subject to recall bias.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.
METHODS: A cross-sectional randomized intervention study over 12 months' duration was conducted in university hospital simulation lab. ACLS-certified medical doctors were assigned to run 2 standardized simulated resuscitation code as RTL from a head-end position (HEP) and leg-end position (LEP). They were evaluated on leadership qualities including situational attentiveness (SA), errors detection (ED), and decision making (DM) using a standardized validated resuscitation-code-checklist (RCC). Performance was assessed live by 2 independent raters and was simultaneously recorded. RTL self-perceived performance was compared to measured performance.
RESULTS: Thirty-four participants completed the study. Mean marks for SA were 3.74 (SD ± 0.96) at HEP and 3.54 (SD ± 0.92) at LEP, P = .48. Mean marks for ED were 2.43 (SD ± 1.24) at HEP and 2.21 (SD ± 1.14) at LEP, P = .40. Mean marks for DM were 4.53 (SD ± 0.98) at HEP and 4.47 (SD ± 0.73) at LEP, P = .70. The mean total marks were 10.69 (SD ± 1.82) versus 10.22 (SD ± 1.93) at HEP and LEP respectively, P = .29 which shows no significance difference in all parameters. Twenty-four participants (71%) preferred LEP for the following reasons, better visualization (75% of participants); more room for movement (12.5% of participants); and better communication (12.5% of participants). RTL's perceived performance did not correlate with actual performance CONCLUSION:: The physical position either HEP or LEP appears to have no influence on performance of RTL in simulated cardiac resuscitation. RTL should be aware of the advantages and limitations of each position.
Aim: The isoniazid acetylation phenotypes in the expatriate Sudanese population were determined to provide future guidance since TB is prevalent in Sudan.
Methods: A community-based trial among Sudanese expatriates in Saudi Arabia was undertaken to identify INH-acetylation phenotypes. After overnight fasting, a single dose of 200 mg of INH was given to the volunteers. Three hours later, 5 ml of blood were drawn from each volunteer and prepared for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The main outcomes were INH and Acetyl-INH concentrations in plasma and the subsequent Acetyl-INH/INH metabolic ratio (MR).
Results: The findings suggest that slow acetylation is highly prevalent among the study participants (n = 43; 84.31%). Moreover, there was no statistically significant correlation between age and the MR (r = -0.18, P = 0.20). Further, there was no significant association between gender and the MR (P = 0.124). Similarly, no significant association was found between smoking habits and MR (P = 0.24).
Conclusion: Isoniazid phenotyping suggests predominantly slow acetylation among the Sudanese in this sample. The study found no statistically significant associations between the MR and age or gender or smoking.