Introduction: Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) is an injury that affects the movement of human body systems such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, blood vessels, and others. The prevalence of MSDs in Indonesia is 11.9% based on diagnosis and 24.7% based on symptoms. MSDs prevalence is 31.2% based on employment among farm- ers, fishermen, and workers. Methods: The design of this study has been included in observational research using a quantitative approach with Cross-Sectional study. Results: MSDs can appear based on gender, age, educational status, and non-medical supporting professions. Older workers tend to be at risk of developing MSDs complaints. Conclusion: To reduce the risk of complaints, work facilities such as ergonomic chairs and tables can be provided along with extension of work intervals. Workers must take advantage of good rest periods. There is no relationship between work tenure and MSDs complaints. If the working period is long, then it can cause boredom and the endur- ance of muscles as well as bones physically.
Introduction: The third ranked country with the highest hepatitis cases in the world is Indonesia. The incidence of Hepatitis A in Indonesia has increased since 2007 amounted to 19.3% and infected many people aged over 15 years old. In 2010 there were 6 outbreaks with 279 sufferers, in 2011 there were 9 outbreaks with 550 patients, in 2012
there were 8 outbreaks with 369 sufferers, in 2013 there were 13 outbreaks with 504 cases. In 2019, 262 cases of hepatitis were found at Depok City. Methods: This research uses Case Control design and analytic survey method. The respondents of this study were elementary school students who were affected and not affected by Hepatitis A, amounted to 60 respondents. Results: The results showed the respondents hand washing behaviour is not good, amounted to 34 respondents (56.7%), junk food consumption is high, amounted to 30 respondents (50%). and re- spondents who are not knowledgeable amounted to 46 respondents (76.7%). The analysis of Bivariate shows that the relationship between hand washing behaviour (P-value = 0.037), junk food consumption (P-value = 0.039), knowl- edge (P-value = 0.015) with the incidence of hepatitis A is significant. Conclusion: There is significant relationship between all independent variable (hand washing behaviour, and junk food consumption and knowledge) with the incidence of hepatitis A.
Introduction: The first five years of life constitute the foundations of the child's physical, mental growth and devel- opment. Mortality and morbidity are high during this age group. Early detection of danger signs is very crucial to prevent this. The objectives were to assess the knowledge of mothers regarding under-five danger signs and explore the association between the effects of knowledge with selected factors. Method: A descriptivestudy was conducted in a rural community of West Bengal from Jan’2018 to Sept’2018. Total study sample was 110 mothers having under five children. Door to door data collection was done through interview and data was analyzed both manually and by computer feeding. Results: Out of total study sample, majority (60%) belongs to age group 18-25 years followed by 31% among 26-33 age group, then 16% were more than 33 years. Out of total mothers, majority (40%) belongs to higher educated group, (37%) secondary group, followed by 10% with primary education and 13%were illiterate. Knowledge score was more than 50% among higher educated group (64%). Out of total respondents 61 (55.5%) mothers were not able to identify any danger signs whereas, 35.5 % mothers identified 1-2 danger signs and 9% mothers were able to identify 3-4 danger signs. Knowledge score about danger signs was more who visited antenatal clinic more than 4 times (61%). Conclusion: Awareness regarding under five danger signs are more among higher educated mothers. Number of antenatal visits also influences knowledge score.
Introduction: Computer usage has become an indispensable tool in the official set up of all the workplaces in the current era. Predominance of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in relation to habitual posture during work is the utmost problem of modern society. Teaching staff stand out amongst a group of workers exposed to occupational MSDs. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders in relation to posture and computer ergonomics at workplace among the college and university staff in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. Methods: This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted from August 2019-October 2019, among 419 volunteers by using a self-administered survey questionnaire. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were used for the analyses of multiple variables. The association between demographic characteristics, computer ergonomics and prevalence of musculoskeletal pains were analyzed through Chi-square test. Results: 55.8 % respondents (n=234) reported neck pain (NP), (n=196) 46.8% shoulder pain (SP) and (n=308) 73.5% low back pain (LBP) respectively. A significant relationship between desktop computer usage and musculoskeletal pains in LBP (P=0.036) and SP (P=0.023) was observed. Significant association of head posture was found with NP (P=0.002), SP (P=0.042) and LBP (P=0.001), correspondingly. Discussion: Habitual postures were significantly associated with musculoskeletal pains while using computer. Conclusion: This study proved with precession that higher prevalence rate of musculo- skeletal disorders was undoubtedly influenced by prolonged sitting, awkward postures at workstation, and repetitive movements of shoulders and hands. Further synchronous studies are vital to limit the modern era of musculoskeletal disorders.
Introduction: Fever or febrile is an increase in temperature/body temperature above 37.5ºC. The World Health Organization (WHO) put forward the number of cases of fever worldwide reaching 18-34 million. Handling fever in children is very dependent on the role of parents, especially mothers. The level of knowledge is one of the im- portant roles in managing fever in children. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between ma- ternal knowledge about fever and the management of fever in preschool children. Methods: This research method uses cross-sectional analysis. The respondents of this study were 109 mothers who had preschool children. Data is collected by filling out the questionnaire sheet. Results: Results showed that 68 respondents (62.4%) having poor knowledge and obtained 80 respondents (73.4%) had pretty good fever management. Based on the Chi-Square test results obtained P-value=0.003, Which Means the P-Value of p
Introduction: In several studies it was described that ineffective communication during patient handover between the hospital departments or during shift-to-shift transfer result in discontinuity of care, inappropriate treatment, and potential risks of injury for patients. The patient handover is a professional responsibility and accountability related to nursing care. SBAR (Situation - Background - Assessment – Recommendation) method as part of the international pa- tient safety goals(IPSGs) was developed to improve communication breakdown. Knowledge and attitude are essential factors associated with the implementation of patient handover, yet limited research was done on this. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between nurse knowledge and attitude toward a patient handover. Meth- ods: A cross-sectional approach was applied in this study. A total of 61 nurses consisting of the head nurse, and team leaders participated in sampling technique done by simple random sampling method from the hospital database. Data collection used a structured questionnaire with a good result of validity and reliability. Univariate and bivariate test were used for data analyzing with Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) Version 18. Results: There is a relationship between nurses' knowledge and attitude toward patient handover with OR 5.280 (1.063-26.227); OR 5.333 (1.351-21.062), respectively and statistically significant (p
Introduction: Worldwide fractures among individuals are a major public health problem. As a result, fracture are the most common cause of severe enduring pain and physical disability, and they affect innumerable globally. It has been studied that nutrients that contain high protein helps in the fracture healing process. Eels contains many nutrients, such as phosphate, calcium, protein, collagen and amino acids that can help bone growth. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of eel flour (Monopterus albus) at multilevel dose content to accelerate the healing process of fracture in male Rattus novergicus Wistar Albino rat. Methods: This study design include experimental study with post-test only on controls group. The wok was conducted from May-June 2019 in the Laboratory of Anat- omy of Stikes Piala Sakti Pariaman. The sampling was purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 24 rats. Results: The results of the ANOVA test have proved that administration of eel flour accelerates the healing process of the fracture showing 0.000, followed by Post Hoc LSD to determine the test of significant differences between groups. Conclusion: It was observed that with the increase in the dose of flour given to Wistar Albino rat fracture healing process became faster. From the present study it was evident that consumption of eel flour can accelerate the process of fracture healing. But there is need for further testing on humans as an effort to test the safety of the dose.
Introduction: Pandeglang regency in Banten provinceis one of the top 100 counties noted for stunting issue. In 2018 stunting prevalence was recorded to be 8,303 children (38.5%). Indonesia was in the fifth rank in the world with stunting prevalence of 37.2%. This study aimed to determine the correlation between maternal factors and stunting in children aged 0-24 months in Koroncong Village. Methods: This study used cross sectional method and total sampling technique. Total samples in this study were mother with children aged 0-24 monthsin Koroncong Village, Koroncong Sub-County, Pandeglang County which passed inclusion and exclusion requirements as 63 respondents. Results: Data analyses showed stuntingamong 19 respondents (30%) in the population. The percentage of stunting was significant among mothers with >2 children and 5.8 times higher than mothers with
Introduction: Diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia can cause long term damages and malfunction of different organ and systems, especially the eye, kidney, nerve and cardiovascular systems. The main problem in Diabetes Mellitus patients is a difficulty in regulating blood glucose levels. Various attempts were made to reduce blood sugar levels so that patients can be free from insulin. Exercise and diet are the primary therapies in DM patients, but apart from that, relaxation techniques can help patients reduce stress and anxiety levels, which will ultimately have a good effect on lowering glucose levels in the blood. Benson relaxation techniques modified with aromatherapy are expected to provide a relaxing effect so that this condition can have a better impact on reducing blood glucose. The present study aims to look at the effect of Benson relaxation exercises and aromatherapy on blood glucose levels. Methods: The researchers intervened in two groups of respondents. The intervention group conducted Benson relax- ation exercises and aromatherapy while the control group only conducted Benson relaxation. Results: Differences in the average blood glucose levels before and after exercise in the intervention group and in the control group has been observed. Relaxation conditions will provide a good impact for DM patients because at the time of relaxation stress hormones that trigger an increase in blood glucose levels, will not be released by the body. Conclusion: Present study shows that Benson relaxation exercise and aromatherapy is effective for lowering glucose levels.
Introduction: Accidents including traffic accidents can occur anywhere, anytime. Around the world, 1.2 million die each year from accidents, and 50 million are injured. Indonesia has the fifth highest rate of accidents. The conse- quences of unexpected accidents can be life threatening, on an average one traffic accident occurs every 0.5 minutes. Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is an individual's skill to save a person's life. This is very important in the first five minutes in a victim's life in many emergency situations. In an emergency, bystander including children in the high school is expected to perform a core role in carrying out CPR. The aim of this study is to determine CPR knowl- edge in High School. Methods: The type of research is a pre-experimental research by approaching the One Group Pre and Post Test Design. Intervention study using pre and post-test validated questionnaire was conducted among 40 students of Tunas Husada high school that were randomly selected. Data analysis was performed with the Macnemar test. Results: The results of the study obtained p= 0.000 which is less than 0.05, so result of the study reveal significant difference in knowledge before and after health education. Thus, there is an effect of health education in increasing knowledge of first aid in traffic accidents among students at Tunas Husada high school, Kendari. Conclusion: This study identify that majority students has poor knowledge on CPR. Therefore, implementation of basic life-support training for all school children is recommenced.
Introduction: Low Back Pain (LBP) is an occupational disease that is often the main cause of disability, thus affect- ing the work and general welfare of LBP sufferers. The objective of the present study is to determine the correlation between length of work and work posture with complaints of LBP among back-office employees at X Hospital. Method: The design of this study was a descriptive analysis, with cross-sectional study design, by total sampling technique for 44 back-office employees. Work posture risk assessment uses the Ovako Working posture Assessment System (OWAS) method and LBP complaints are measured using the Modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire. Results: Most respondents experienced LBP complaints in the moderate disability category, and 40 people (90,9%) needed to improve their work posture. Spearman correlation statistical test results showed there was a relationship between age (p-value =0,000), the length of work (p-value = 0,000), work posture (p-value = 0,009) with LBP complaints on back-office employees. Conclusion: Providing work facilities with ergonomic chairs and tables position and doing stretching in between work hours can reduce LBP complaints.
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a public health problem in the world which is increasing every year. Hemo- dialysis is one of the methods commonly used for patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease. However, hemo- dialysis does not cure the disease and requires long term therapy. So, the patient's decision whether to undergo he- modialysis, is crucial. Methods: This study is aimed to identify the factors associated with decision making in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis in the Bahteramas General Hospital of Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. This study is a descriptive-analytic study using a cross-sectional design to observe the relationship between patients' decision making for hemodialysis. Results: A total of 34 patients with end-stage chron- ic kidney disease were chosen by accidental sampling technique. Analysis of the data was done by the Chi-Square test. The results of this study showed that age, level of knowledge, and family support have a significant relationship with the patient's decision for hemodialysis. The distance of home and economic status showed no relationship with the patient's decision to undergo hemodialysis. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that age, level of knowledge and family support is related to the patient's decision to hemodialysis in the Bahteramas General Hospital of Southeast Sulawesi Province.
Introduction: Malaria is devastating infectious disease not only India but also throughout the globe due to its high morbidity and mortality factor for last few centuries. From 19th and early 20th centuries, almost a quarter of the In- dian populations were severely suffering from malaria. The economic loss due to increased mortality in malaria was estimated 10 million rupees per year in 1935. According to the World Malaria Report of 2017, malaria incidence accounted for 58% of cases in India. The objective of this study is to prediction of “annual” malaria incidences in India, depending on the basis of last 22 years national malaria epidemiology data. Methods: This study uses data from the official website of the National Program for the Control of Vector borne Diseases (NVBDCP) (http://nvbdcp. gov.in/) from 1995 to 2016. For creating a forecasting tool on Malaria surveillance in India, Econometric forecasting model (ARIMA Model ((0,1,1) (1,0,0) 12)) was used. Results: ARIMA statistical model ((0,1,1) (1,0,0) 12) found to be highly effective and significant (P < 0.05) in prediction of future epidemiological surveillance of malaria in India. ARIMA statistical model could be successfully use in prediction of annual malaria incidences in India after adjusting different highly contributing environmental and geographical factors, such as climate change, temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity. Conclusion: The historical forecast of the occurrence of malaria in India will allow the gov- ernment to improve planning, control and prevention through public health interventions. In addition, the pharma- ceutical industry will assist medical members in pre-treatment and drug interventions to respond to the increased or decreased occurrence of malaria.
Introduction: Worldwide, breast cancer is the most life-threatening disease among women. There is always high search to find a cure for cancer. Plant compounds have been identified that they have anti-cancer properties. There- fore, phyto-compounds can be potential for the development of new drugs. In this research, three-dimensional (3- D) structure of breast cancer cell line proteins, tumor suppressor gene (p53), caspase-3 and retinoblastoma-1 were generated and docking with plant compounds (garcinone E, triterpenoid and gallic acid respectively) was studied. Methods: The three-dimensional models of proteins were built using SWISS model. Then, the physical and chemical characters of the protein models were determined using ExPASy - ProtParam tool. Next, the proteins were assessed using validation tools such as PROCHECK, ProQ, ERRAT and Verify 3D programs. Results: The results show that the proteins were stable. Lastly, the protein models were docked successfully with garcinone E, triterpenoid and gallic acid respectively using BSP-slim server. The docking scores of the protein-phyto-compound complexes (p53-garci- none E, caspase-3- triterpenoid and Rb1-gallic acid) were 3.873, 4.321 and 3.051 respectively. The proteins had a stable bond with phyto-compounds. Conclusion: The study of the protein-phyto-compound complex interaction will aid in designing new clinical drugs.
Introduction: The ability of nurses to conduct triage greatly influences the success rate of help when patients expe- rience emergency. The aim of the study was to determine the factors associated with the accuracy of the implemen- tation of triage in the X Hospital's Emergency Departments. Methods: The research method that the researcher used was cross sectional approach. The number of samples were 32 respondents. Questionnaire and observation were used to collect the data. Results: Respondents characteristics (age, sex, education, and tenure) with the accuracy of the triage were obtained by age with p value = 0.386, p value = 1,000 for gender, p value = 0.242 for education, and years of work with p value = 0.000162. Knowledge of respondents with the implementation of the determination of triage p value = 0.045 and motivation of respondents with the accuracy of the implementation of triage p value
= 0.0017. Conclusion: The accuracy of the implementation of triage has no relationship with characteristics (age, sex, education), there is a relationship between knowledge, motivation and years of work with the implementation's accuracy of triage in the Emergency Room X Hospital. Suggestions are expected by the Hospital to make guidelines, triage algorithms, training, regeneration to improve nurse triage knowledge.
Introduction: The need for ARV (Anti Retro Viral) for the population aged 15-49 years increased from 145,706 in 2011 to 248,903 in 2016. People with HIV/AIDS who received ARVs were estimated at 16.60% in 2011 increased to 18% in 2016. In Indonesia up to September 2014, there were 108,060 people with HIV/AIDS who received ARV therapy from 33 provinces and 300 districts / cities. There were 19,670 people with HIV/AIDS who stopped ARV, 15,046 were not followed up due to various causes and as many as 14,547 died. Methods: This research used a quasi-experimental methods with non equivalent control group design and used a pretest, posttest 1 and posttest 2. There was two groups, the first group was treated using SMS (Short Message Service) reminder and leaflets and the second group was treated with the usual method (counselling). Results: Research with the Mann-Whitney statistical test shows that after 1 month of treatment, there was differences in the average score of knowledge (p value = 0.001), attitude (p value = 0.008), and adherence of Antiretroviral Consumption (p value = 0.010) between the intervention group and the control group. After 2 months of treatment, there was differences in the average knowledge score (p value = 0.001), attitude (p value = 0.001), and adherence of Antiretroviral Consume (p value = 0.001) between the intervention group and the control group. Conclusion: There is the interventions that able to improve the knowledge, attitudes and adherence of taking antiretroviral at PLWHA.
Superficial angiomyxoma (SA) is an angiomyxoid cutaneous tumour. It has predilection for the head and neck, torso, limbs and genital tract. Our case is a 27-year-old female, presented with painless right medial canthal mass for two years. It was associated with tearing when the lesion grew larger. We received a nodular brownish tissue measuring 25x20x15mm with homogenous brownish cut surface. Microscopically, the tumour was partially circumscribed, exhibiting bland stellate to spindle cells of moderate cellularity with pale eosinophilic cytoplasm, indistinct border, in a loose collagenous myxoid matrix with numerous blood vessels of different calibre. The lesional cells were present at the resected margin and were nonreactive towards CD34, SMA and S100. SA of the eyelid is sometimes mistaken clinically as dermoid cyst or lipoma. Reports have shown increased risks of local recurrence following incomplete excision. Close association with Carney’s complex is an important feature. Careful clinicopathologic correlation and proper investigations are needed for optimal patient care.
Liposarcoma is one of the most common mesenchymal tumour in adults but it is rare to occur in the breast. Our case was a 50 year old single nulliparous woman who presented with a right breast mass for one year duration. The mass was progressively increasing in size in the last few months. Breast examination showed a huge mass measuring 5 x 8 x 6 cm occupying the entire right breast. Mammogram showed a large homogenous soft tissue mass occupying the entire right breast with foci of calcification. A trucut biopsy showed a cellular tumour which was thought to be an invasive carcinoma. The patient underwent right modified radical mastectomy with axillary clearance. Macroscopy showed a well circumscribed lobulated solid haemorrhagic yellowish tumour mass measuring 180 x 110 x 50 mm. Microscopically the tumour was heterogenous comprising cellular round nonlipogenic mesenchymal cells and loose myxoid areas containing small cells. The typical arborizing ‘chicken wire’ capillaries were observed. Vacuolated lipoblasts were seen. All eleven axillary lymph nodes sampled showed no metastasis. A diagnosis of a myxoid liposarcoma was made. To raise the suspicion of a possible mesenchymal tumour, it is very important for clinicians to relay the clinical and radiological findings to the pathologist to avoid misdiagnosis in a trucut biopsy.
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a chronic and the most frequent immune-mediated subepidermal blistering disorder which mainly affects elderly individuals. The autoantibodies produced following T-cell dysregulation are directed against BP180 (BPAg2) and BP230 (BPAg1), hemidesmosomal proteins located in the basement membrane zone (BMZ) of the epidermis. BP may present with polymorphic dermatological features including non-bullous manifestations and blisters. Therefore, a wide range of differential diagnoses such as eczema, urticaria, pemphigus and the differentials for subepidermal blister with eosinophils such as epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) and bullous drug eruptions should be considered in such cases. The associations of solid organ internal malignancies and BP are quite rare and vary between studies. Here, we present a case of paraneoplastic bullous pemphigoid (PNBP) in a patient with underlying renal cell carcinoma who was initially diagnosed with worsening hand-foot syndrome (HFS) which has led to withdrawal of his oral chemotherapy treatment.
Blood safety is a major global issue. Transfusion transmitted parasitic infections (TTPI) like malaria are rare and possibly under-reported, a situation which could be attributed to lack of awareness of the mosquito-borne transmission of infection. Such infections are still considered potential health hazards, as they can pose a significant threat especially in immunocompromised patients, where they have proven to be fatal. Prevention of the transmission depends solely on the donor’s questionnaire which addresses previous or current infection with aetiologic agents. Donor deferral is effective however clear guidelines are needed. This case report features the transfusion-transmitted of Plasmodium Falciparum in a 15-year-old splenectomised patient with underlying beta thalassaemia major.