MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study looking into patients diagnosed with acute leukemia or lymphoma in pregnancy from 1st January 2014 to 1st January 2020 in Ampang General Hospital including newly or previously diagnosed and relapsed disease RESULTS: 37 cases of acute leukemia or lymphoma in pregnancy occurred in 34 patients. Majority of acute leukemia or lymphoma in pregnancy diagnosed in 1st trimester or in the setting of previously established or relapsed disease was therapeutically terminated. Thirteen pregnancies treated with antenatal chemotherapy resulted in livebirths except one stillbirth. More adverse obstetric outcomes are observed in pregnancies that did not receive antenatal chemotherapy, but association did not reach statistical significance. There was no significant difference in fetal outcome between cohort with and without antenatal chemotherapy. No treatment related mortality was observed in pregnancies with antenatal chemotherapy. Overall survival for newly diagnosed acute leukemia in pregnancy is significantly better with antenatal chemotherapy versus no antenatal chemotherapy.
CONCLUSION: Treatment with chemotherapy in 2nd trimester of pregnancy onwards appears to have tolerable risks with favorable obstetric and fetal outcome. Deferment of treatment for acute leukemia in pregnancy to after delivery may cause increased risk of maternal and fetal adverse outcome.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and degree of topical corticosteroid phobia and its impact on treatment adherence in various dermatological conditions. Additionally, we explored the sources of information regarding topical corticosteroids.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 participants with topical corticosteroid usage experience. Topical corticosteroid phobia was assessed with the topical corticosteroid phobia (TOPICOP) scale, and treatment adherence was measured with the Elaboration d'un outil d'evaluation de l'observance des traitements medicamenteux (ECOB) score. Information sources regarding topical corticosteroids were identified, and their level of trust was assessed. The data were collected via questionnaires in three languages, namely English, Malay and Mandarin.
RESULTS: The study found that topical corticosteroid phobia was prevalent, with 98% of participants expressing a certain degree of phobia. The mean global TOPICOP score was 32.7 ± 6.7%. The mean score of each domain was 27.1 ± 17.2% for knowledge and belief, 35.7 ± 23.8% for fears and 40.8 ± 25.8% for behaviour. Patients/caregivers who have eczema, highly educated, severe disease, low tolerability to symptoms, previous adverse effects with topical corticosteroids and tend to traditional/non-steroidal alternative therapy usage had a significant association with topical corticosteroid phobia (p<0.05). Dermatologists were the most common and trusted source of information on topical corticosteroids.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the widespread topical corticosteroid phobia in dermatological practice. Dermatologists should take the lead in combating steroid phobia and provide patients with public awareness regarding topical corticosteroids to improve treatment adherence and therapeutic outcomes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 621 patients with AF using the Morisky-Green scale (MMAS-4) criteria to assess adherence to antithrombotic therapy. They received inpatient treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.
RESULTS: A total of 118 patients out of 621 underwent CVI. Most patients had mild (33.9%) and moderate (49.15%) CVI. We managed to confirm the data of studies by foreign authors, according to which treatment with anticoagulants for at least 1 month reduces the severity of coronavirus infection, as well as protects against thrombotic complications.
CONCLUSION: It is necessary to improve the management of AF, especially if someone was infected with COVID-19. The susceptibility to AF is increased in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection. Personal electrocardiogram devices as well as remote monitoring (teleconsultations) could optimise the care of such patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted using videoconferencing. Fourteen medical officers working in public primary healthcare clinics from various regions of Malaysia were chosen using purposive sampling process, and participants underwent a total of seven paired in-depth interview (IDI) sessions. IDIs were video recorded, transcribed and subjected to interpretive thematic analysis.
RESULTS: The two main themes which emerged were the benefits and challenges of NCD teleconsultation service. Various categories relating to benefits of teleconsultation for NCD care are as follows: (1) Improved efficiency for patient care delivery (improved effectiveness, convenient, improved safety, better disease monitoring, patient empowerment) and (2) Benefits for Health Care Providers (improved healthcare and service delivery). Main challenges identified were as follows: (1) Challenges for Delivery of Care (Patients' adaptation in using teleconsultation service, Patients abusing the system, Poor digital literacy, No proper disease monitoring record), (2) Challenges for Health Care Providers (Lack of dedicated team and training, Higher workload and time-consuming) and (3) Challenges for Health Care System (Institutional policy, legal and regulatory weakness, Medical record documentation and prescription updates).
CONCLUSION: Optimisation of NCD patient healthcare delivery via teleconsultation is beneficial during and after pandemic. Targeted improvements to address current challenges are crucial to optimise its use beyond the pandemic period in the Malaysian public healthcare system.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-centre, prospective, casecontrol study involving 32 subjects of preterm neonates was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Malang, East Java, Indonesia between January to June 2022. A total of 15 preterm neonates with NEC and 17 preterm neonates without NEC were enrolled in this study. Data on demographic, clinical and laboratory findings were collected. Multiple logistic regression test was performed to analyse the risk factors for NEC development. Further profiling within 15 subjects with NEC, i.e., NEC grade ≥ II, were conducted to collect systemic, abdominal, laboratory, abdominal x-ray (AXR) and blood culture findings.
RESULTS: The risk factors related to NEC development in preterm infants were multi-morbidity (adjusted OR = 11.96; 95% CI 1.85 168.38; p = 0.046), antibiotic exposure (OR = 15.95; 95% CI 1.54 165.08; p = 0.020) and requiring advanced neonatal resuscitation at birth (OR = 10.04; 95% CI 1.09 92.11; p = 0.041). Further profiling within NEC cohorts highlighted respiratory distress (86.7%), (oro)gastric retention (80.0%), thrombocytopenia (53.3%), gastrointestinal dilatation in AXR (53.3%), and positive blood culture Klebsiella pneumoniae (40.0%) were most common findings.
CONCLUSION: Preterm neonates with multimorbidity, prolonged antibiotic exposure, and requiring advanced resuscitation at birth were more likely to develop NEC. Early detection of the risk factors and determinant factors for survival may help to improve the clinical outcome.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The type of research was a retrospective study with a total sample of 174 CRS patients who had undergone culture and sensitivity tests. The study population was all CRS patients who were treated at the ENT-HNS outward department at RSUP DR. M. Djamil Padang from 2016 to 2021, underwent surgery and received antibiotic treatment at secondary health services. Antibiotic sensitivity cultures are required for surgery and to determine antibiotics use after surgery. This research was conducted from February to May at the Tertiary Hospital of Dr. M. Djamil Padang. The data collection technique used a total sampling technique. The sample in this study was taken from the medical records of patients at the ENT-HNS outward department of RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang.
RESULTS: The results showed that the prevalence of CRS with polyps before COVID-19 was 63.8% of cases. After COVID- 19, the prevalence of CRS with polyps was found to be 60% of cases. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, CRS was most common among those aged ≥ 41 to 50 years (27%) and the most common bacteria causing CRS with or without polyps was Staphylococcus aureus (39%; 44%). The bacteria causing CRS with or without polyps after COVID-19 were mostly Staphylococcus epidermidis (50% of cases). Before the COVID-19 pandemic, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid had a high resistance of 75 to 100%, however, after COVID-19 there was a change in antibiotic resistance patterns and an increase in ciprofloxacin resistance of 56 to 100% was obtained.
CONCLUSION: This change in antibiotic resistance pattern needs attention to prevent drug resistance, especially after COVID-19.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving patients who are under follow-up at the Chronic Pain Clinic, Hospital Pulau Pinang for more than a year and received telemedicine during this pandemic. Participants had to fill out a self-administered questionnaire. Once respondents completed the questionnaires, the answered questionnaires were collected for analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 154 patients between 22 and 88 years old were included in this study. Most of the participants had a history of pain for more than 3 years (44.2%). The majority of our patients are still working (55.8%). From the patients who were working, 7.8% of them lost their jobs during the pandemic. 31.2% of patients reported that the pain condition had worsened while the rest did not experience any difference in their pain condition. More than half (59%) of the patients' reported telemedicine was beneficial for their pain management, while only 41% felt that their telemedicine was helpless for their pain management during the pandemic.
CONCLUSION: Telemedicine is beneficial for patients with chronic pain. Telemedicine can be used poste-pandemic and may produce a good outcome with patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 24 male rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, DM 1.5 month (DM1.5), DM 2 months (DM2) and the group with three different doses of CGA 12.5 (CGA1), 25 (CGA2), and 50 (CGA3) mg/KgBW. Frontal lobe tissue is taken for analysis of mRNA expression for NF-κB, MCP-1, IL-6, and GFAP using Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Samples were also taken for histopathology preparation and stained by immunohistochemistry method using anti-GFAP antibodies to observe glial cell activation in frontal lobe tissue.
RESULTS: The group that was given CGA at all doses have statistically significant better memory function, i.e. DM2 versus CGA1 (p = 0.036), CGA2 (p = 0.040), and CGA3 (p = 0.021). The result of mRNA expression in NF-κB was lower in the group given CGA, i.e. DM2 compared to CGA2 (p = 0.007). mRNA expression of MCP-1 was significantly lower in all CGA treatment groups compared to the non-CGA group (p = 0.000). IL-6 mRNA expression was lower than the group not given CGA, DM compared to CGA2 (p = 0.028). GFAP mRNA expression was lower than the group given CGA in DM, DM2 group compared to CGA1 (p = 0.04) and CGA3 (p = 0.004).
CONCLUSION: Administration of CGA can improve memory function at all doses given, and can reduce brain inflammatory activity, especially in the CGA2 group.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups: normal saline, octenidine dihydrochloride and povidone-iodine. Wounds were made on the rats' backs, and A. baumannii germs were inoculated into the wounds. After 3 hours, the wound was irrigated with wound cleansing solution according to the group for 30 seconds. Each wound was taken swab culture before and after wound irrigation and tissue culture 5 hours after wound irrigation.
RESULTS: All specimens showed bacterial colony growth with a median value of 1.22 × 105 CFU before irrigation. Wound irrigation with normal saline did not reduce colony counts, while there was a 3-log reduction to 5-log reduction in the octenidine and povidone-iodine groups. Statistically, there was no significant difference in the mean number of colonies between the octenidine and povidone-iodine groups after irrigation (p = 0.535). However, 3 hours after irrigation, all specimens that experienced 3-log reduction showed regrowth to more than 1 × 105 CFU. In contrast, specimens subjected to 5-log reduction did not exhibit any regrowth.
CONCLUSION: The antiseptic effectiveness of octenidine dihydrochloride is equivalent to povidone-iodine in eradicating A. baumannii colonies in wounds in vivo.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Kepok banana peel was macerated using 70% ethanol. The extract is made in the form of a gel formulation because it has a high water content so it can moisturise the skin and spread easily when applied. This research was conducted with 25 male rats in 5 treatment groups. The gel was given 30 minutes after the rats were induced with 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan. The rat antiinflammatory test was observed through oedema volume data and the percentage of anti-inflammatory activity. Data analysis used the ANOVA test (p<0.05).
RESULTS: The treatment group had an anti-inflammatory effect which was marked by a significant difference from the negative control group.
CONCLUSION: The effective dose of ethanol extract gel of kepok banana peel as an anti-inflammatory is 8%.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative study used accidental sampling, conducted in the agricultural land of Ngadisari Village, Sukapura District, Probolinggo Regency, East Java for 3 weeks in November 2020. This study involved all farmers who were working on the land at the time of the study (n=30). The questionnaires consist of demographic, wound characteristics and wound treatment processes.
RESULTS: The practice of wound treatment for the Tengger Tribe farmers is divided into two stages, namely the initial wound stage (stopping bleeding) using gums of medical plants and the wound healing stage, which is divided into treatment for the outer body using mashed leaf herbs and for the inner body using herbs that function to increase body stamina.
CONCLUSION: The local wisdom Tengger ethnic-based wound treatment uses whatever is in nature to stop the bleeding and increase the wound healing process.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research used observational analytic methods with cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was young women (9th class students), totaling 39 people. This study used the IPAQ Questionnaire Sheet and pain scale rate to confirm dysmenorrhoea. Analysis of this study used chi square.
RESULTS: We found that most respondents (61.5%) had dysmenorrhoea, and more than half of respondents (61.5%) rarely did Physical Activity. Bivariate test results found that there is a relationship between Physical Activity level and dysmenorrhoea (p value = 0.044, α = 0.05, df = 3). From the analysis results, the value of OR = 4.500 was also obtained, meaning that respondents who did not exercise regularly had a 4.5 times chance of experiencing dysmenorrhea compared to respondents who did regular exercise.
CONCLUSION: Respondents who rarely do physical activity often experience dysmenorrhoea. Therefore, good education is needed for young women, which is one of the things that can be done to prevent and reduce the event of dysmenorrhoea is to exercise regularly.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional approach with a stratified random sampling technique on 110 students from one university in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria include actively registered nursing students from undergraduate and vocational programs. Religious coping was assessed using The Psychological Measure of Islamic Religiousness (PMIR) and the Academic Resilience Questionnaire was used to evaluate students' academic resilience level. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to determine the relationship between variables.
RESULTS: The study's results revealed a significant relationship (rho = 0.415; p value < 0.05) between religious coping and academic resilience. High religious coping is related to the amount of academic resilience in students.
CONCLUSION: Students are expected to be able to use a religious coping strategy to boost academic resilience and adapt to any situation. Thus, students with good religious coping skills and high resilience will be able to face and solve problems and adapt to current learning conditions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional design with purposive sampling technique (n=167). Targeted population was limited to 18 - 59 years of age. An online form was shared via WhatsApp, Facebook and Instagram of each contributor. Data collected includes sociodemographic data (age, gender, marital status, educational background, occupation, and residences), and data on information seeking behaviour. Data was analysed using SPSS V.20.
RESULTS: Almost 95.70% of Indonesians and 89.20% of Vietnamese accessed the online information. A 75.68% Vietnamese and 46.24% Indonesians shared information with others, 59.14% of Indonesians and 20.3% of Vietnamese stated that they discussed the information with health workers.
CONCLUSION: Both countries have implemented proper online-based information. However, a good mass communication strategies were needed to protect people from the misinformation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study used a randomised control trial design involving 42 post-stroke patients (mean 40 days after onset) with hemiparesis from January to October 2022, who were separated into two groups and randomly allocated to either the experimental group (n=21) or the control group (n=21). The intervention group received 24 times Swiss Ball Exercise (SBE), and the control group received 24 times conventional therapy.
RESULTS: We found for the intervention group using SBE on TUG (p<0.001), TIS (P
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of Virgin Coconut Oil and regular repositioning for preventing pressure sores. The designs used quasi experiment pretest and posttest nonequivalent control group; 86 participants were selected through a nonprobability sampling technique by consecutive sampling.
RESULTS: The fundings suggest that there is a significant difference in the Braden QD scores from before and after virgin coconut oil of the intervention group and repositioning of the control group (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: Nurses are expected to be able to detect early damage to skin integrity by using the Braden QD Scale and to implement use Virgin Coconut Oil and repositioning.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Green or roasted coffee extract was decaffeinated using activated charcoal. Decaffeinated coffee extract with the lowest caffeine and the highest chlorogenic acid based on HPLC measurement was used for antidiabetic test. The anti-diabetic test was conducted with 52 DM type 2 patient selected by purposive sample. The test were divided into two groups: intervention (26 respondents) and control group (26 respondents). The data were analysed by Paired and Independent t test.
RESULTS: Decaffeinated green coffee extract is very suitable for use as a drug to lower blood sugar in DM type 2 patients than decaffeinated roasted coffee extract because of higher in chlorogenic acid and lower in caffeine (Figure 2). Treatment by decaffeinated green coffee extract for 3 weeks showed a significant decrease in average fasting blood glucose level from 144.7 g/dl to 92.23 g/dl. All statistical tests showed a p value = 0.001 (below the significant value), this value proves the success of reducing blood glucose by decaffeinated green coffee extract.
CONCLUSION: The decaffeinated green coffee extract decreases fasting blood sugar significantly.