A comprehensive review on pollution status and associated health risk assessment of human exposure to selected heavy metals in road dust across different cities of the world

Shahab A 1 , Hui Z 1 , Rad S 2 , Xiao H 3 , Siddique J 4 , Huang LL 1 Show all authors , Ullah H 5 , Rashid A 6 , Taha MR 7 , Zada N 8

Affiliations 

  • 1 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
  • 2 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China. saeedrad1979@gmail.com
  • 3 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China. xiaohe@glut.edu.cn
  • 4 Department of the Earth Sciences Quaid I, Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
  • 5 Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
  • 6 Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
  • 7 Department of Civil Engineering, University Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 8 Department of Chemistry, Government Postgraduate College Timergara, 18300, Timergara, Lower Dir, Pakistan
Environ Geochem Health, 2023 Mar;45(3):585-606.
PMID: 35347514 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01255-3

Abstract

In order to expound on the present situation and potential risk of road dust heavy metals in major cities, a total of 114 literatures mainly over the past two decades, involving more than 5000 sampling sites in 61 cities of 21 countries, were screened through the collection and analysis of research papers. The concentration, sources, distribution, health risk, sample collection, and analytical methods of heavy metal research on road dust in cities around the world are summarized. The results show that Cd, Zn, and Cu in many urban road dusts in the world are higher than the grade II of the Chinese maximum allowable concentration of potentially toxic elements in the soil. Geo-accumulation index values show that Pb > Cd > Zn > Cu had the highest contamination levels. Hazard index assessment indicates Pb and Cr had the highest potential health risk, especially for children in which ingestion was found as the main exposure pathway. Moreover, through comparative analysis, it is found that some pollutants are higher in developed and industrialized cities and transport (53%) followed by industrial emissions (35%) provide the major contributions to the sources of heavy metals.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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