Resource utilization of rice straw to prepare biochar as peroxymonosulfate activator for naphthalene removal: Performances, mechanisms, environmental impact and applicability in groundwater

Zhang JB 1 , Dai C 2 , Wang Z 1 , You X 1 , Duan Y 3 , Lai X 4 Show all authors , Fu R 5 , Zhang Y 6 , Maimaitijiang M 7 , Leong KH 8 , Tu Y 9 , Li Z 1

Affiliations 

  • 1 College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
  • 2 College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China. Electronic address: daichaomeng@tongji.edu.cn
  • 3 School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China. Electronic address: duanyanping@shnu.edu.cn
  • 4 Department of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
  • 5 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
  • 6 State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
  • 7 Xinjiang Water Conservancy Science and Technology Extension Station, Urumqi, 830000, China
  • 8 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
  • 9 School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
Water Res, 2023 Oct 01;244:120555.
PMID: 37666149 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120555

Abstract

Herein, biochar was prepared using rice straw, and it served as the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activator to degrade naphthalene (NAP). The results showed that pyrolysis temperature has played an important role in regulating biochar structure and properties. The biochar prepared at 900°C (BC900) had the best activation capacity and could remove NAP in a wide range of initial pH (5-11). In the system of BC900/PMS, multi-reactive species were produced, in which 1O2 and electron transfer mainly contributed to NAP degradation. In addition, the interference of complex groundwater components on the NAP removal rate must get attention. Cl- had a significant promotional effect but risked the formation of chlorinated disinfection by-products. HCO3-, CO32-, and humic acid (HA) had an inhibitory effect; surfactants had compatibility problems with the BC900/PMS system, which could lead to unproductive consumption of PMS. Significantly, the BC900/PMS system showed satisfactory remediation performance in spiked natural groundwater and soil, and it could solve the problem of persistent groundwater contamination caused by NAP desorption from the soil. Besides, the degradation pathway of NAP was proposed, and the BC900/PMS system could degrade NAP into low or nontoxic products. These suggest that the BC900/PMS system has promising applications in in-situ groundwater remediation.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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