Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduced DAS28 index among patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Case study from KRRD

Alawadhi B 1 , Alsaber A 2 , Shatawan I 3 , Al-Herz A 4 , Setiya P 5 , Saleh K 6 Show all authors , Al-Awadhi A 4 , Hasan E 4 , Al-Kandari W 6 , Mokaddem K 4 , Ghanem A 7 , Attia Y 4 , Hussain M 4 , Alhadhood N 6 , Ali Y 7 , Tarakmeh H 7 , Aldabie G 6 , AlKadi A 8 , Alhajeri H 7 , Aldei A 4

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The Public Authority For Applied Education & Training - Head Office, Shuwaikh Industrial, Kuwait
  • 2 American University of Kuwait, Management, Salmiya, Kuwait
  • 3 Food and Nutrition Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • 4 Department of Rheumatology, Al-Amiri Hospital, Al Kuwayt, Kuwait
  • 5 Department of Agrometerology, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, India
  • 6 Department of Rheumatology, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
  • 7 Department of Rheumatology, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Jabriya, Kuwait
  • 8 Al-Sabah Hospital, Al Kuwait, Kuwait
Int J Rheum Dis, 2023 Dec;26(12):2430-2440.
PMID: 37784239 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.14928

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune disease that mostly affects the synovial joints. It has been hypothesized that dietary and other environmental and lifestyle factors contribute to the development of RA and its severity.

OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to measure the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on the disease activity scores (DAS28) among patients with RA.

METHODS: Adult patients who satisfied the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria for RA from major hospitals in Kuwait were evaluated. A cross-sectional study conducted on 754 RA patients visits aged (21-79) years. Patients were evaluated using the DAS28. Patients' levels of adherence to the MedDiet are assessed using a validated 14-item Questionnaire (paper or web-based). The data was analyzed using both multivariate and univariate statistics. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the statistical relationship between MedDiet and RA disease activity.

RESULTS: The finding suggests that a MedDiet can have a positive impact on DAS28 among patients with RA. In the DAS28 cohort (DAS28 

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