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The Forest Observation System, building a global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass

Schepaschenko D 1 , Chave J 2 , Phillips OL 3 , Lewis SL 3 , Davies SJ 4 , Réjou-Méchain M 5 Show all authors , Sist P 6 , Scipal K 7 , Perger C 8 , Herault B 6 , Labrière N 2 , Hofhansl F 8 , Affum-Baffoe K 9 , Aleinikov A 10 , Alonso A 11 , Amani C 12 , Araujo-Murakami A 13 , Armston J 14 , Arroyo L 15 , Ascarrunz N 16 , Azevedo C 17 , Baker T 3 , Bałazy R 18 , Bedeau C 19 , Berry N 20 , Bilous AM 21 , Bilous SY 21 , Bissiengou P 22 , Blanc L 6 , Bobkova KS 23 , Braslavskaya T 10 , Brienen R 3 , Burslem DFRP 24 , Condit R 25 , Cuni-Sanchez A 26 , Danilina D 27 , Del Castillo Torres D 28 , Derroire G 29 , Descroix L 19 , Sotta ED 30 , d'Oliveira MVN 31 , Dresel C 8 , Erwin T 32 , Evdokimenko MD 27 , Falck J 33 , Feldpausch TR 34 , Foli EG 35 , Foster R 36 , Fritz S 8 , Garcia-Abril AD 37 , Gornov A 10 , Gornova M 10 , Gothard-Bassébé E 38 , Gourlet-Fleury S 6 , Guedes M 30 , Hamer KC 39 , Susanty FH 40 , Higuchi N 41 , Coronado ENH 28 , Hubau W 3 , Hubbell S 42 , Ilstedt U 33 , Ivanov VV 27 , Kanashiro M 43 , Karlsson A 33 , Karminov VN 10 , Killeen T 44 , Koffi JK 45 , Konovalova M 27 , Kraxner F 8 , Krejza J 46 , Krisnawati H 40 , Krivobokov LV 27 , Kuznetsov MA 23 , Lakyda I 21 , Lakyda PI 21 , Licona JC 16 , Lucas RM 47 , Lukina N 10 , Lussetti D 33 , Malhi Y 48 , Manzanera JA 37 , Marimon B 49 , Junior BHM 49 , Martinez RV 50 , Martynenko OV 51 , Matsala M 21 , Matyashuk RK 52 , Mazzei L 43 , Memiaghe H 53 , Mendoza C 54 , Mendoza AM 50 , Moroziuk OV 21 , Mukhortova L 27 , Musa S 55 , Nazimova DI 27 , Okuda T 56 , Oliveira LC 31 , Ontikov PV 57 , Osipov AF 23 , Pietsch S 8 , Playfair M 58 , Poulsen J 59 , Radchenko VG 52 , Rodney K 60 , Rozak AH 61 , Ruschel A 43 , Rutishauser E 62 , See L 8 , Shchepashchenko M 51 , Shevchenko N 10 , Shvidenko A 8 , Silveira M 63 , Singh J 64 , Sonké B 65 , Souza C 17 , Stereńczak K 18 , Stonozhenko L 51 , Sullivan MJP 3 , Szatniewska J 46 , Taedoumg H 65 , Ter Steege H 66 , Tikhonova E 10 , Toledo M 15 , Trefilova OV 27 , Valbuena R 67 , Gamarra LV 50 , Vasiliev S 57 , Vedrova EF 27 , Verhovets SV 68 , Vidal E 69 , Vladimirova NA 70 , Vleminckx J 71 , Vos VA 72 , Vozmitel FK 57 , Wanek W 73 , West TAP 74 , Woell H 75 , Woods JT 76 , Wortel V 58 , Yamada T 56 , Nur Hajar ZS 77 , Zo-Bi IC 78

Affiliations 

  • 1 Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria. schepd@iiasa.ac.at
  • 2 Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
  • 3 School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
  • 4 Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 37012, Washington 20013, USA
  • 5 AMAP, IRD, CNRS, CIRAD, INRA, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
  • 6 CIRAD, Forêts et Sociétés, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, F-34398, France
  • 7 European Space Agency, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
  • 8 Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
  • 9 Mensuration Unit, Forestry Commission of Ghana, 4 Third Avenue Ridge, Kumasi, POB M434, Ghana
  • 10 Center of Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32/14, Moscow, 117997, Russia
  • 11 Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 1100 Jefferson Dr SW, Suite 3123, Washington, DC, 20560-0705, USA
  • 12 Centre for International Forestry Research, CIFOR, Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Bogor, 16115, Indonesia
  • 13 Universidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
  • 14 Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, 2181 Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
  • 15 Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno Av. Irala 565 - casilla, 2489, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
  • 16 IBIF, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Av. 6 de agosto # 28, Km 14 doble via La Guardia, Santa Cruz, Casilla, 6204, Bolivia
  • 17 Embrapa, Rodovia AM 10, km 29, Manaus, AM, 69010-970, Brazil
  • 18 Forest Research Institute, Department of Geomatics, Braci Leśnej 3, Sękocin Stary, Raszyn, 05-090, Poland
  • 19 ONF, ONF-Réserve de Montabo Cayenne Cedex, Cayenne, BP 7002; 97307, French Guiana
  • 20 The Landscapes and Livelihoods Group, 20 Chambers St, Edinburgh, EH1 1JZ, UK
  • 21 National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, General Rodimtsev 19, Kyiv, 3041, Ukraine
  • 22 Herbier National du Gabon (IPHAMETRA), B.P 1165, Libreville, Gabon
  • 23 Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kommunisticheskaya 28, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
  • 24 School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
  • 25 Morton Arboretum, 4100 Illinois Rte. 53, Lisle, 60532, IL, USA
  • 26 Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NG, UK
  • 27 V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
  • 28 Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Av. Abelardo Quiñones km 2.5, Iquitos, Apartado Postal 784, Peru
  • 29 CIRAD, UMR EcoFoG, Campus Agronomique - BP 701, Kourou, 97387, France, French Guiana
  • 30 Embrapa, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitscheck, Km 5, no 2.600, Macapa, Caixa Postal 10, CEP: 68903-419, Brazil
  • 31 Embrapa, BR 364, Caixa postal 321, Rio Branco, CEP 69.900-970, Brazil
  • 32 SI Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC 187, Washington, DC, DC 20013-7012, USA
  • 33 Department Forest Ecology and Management, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Umeå, SE-901 83, Sweden
  • 34 Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter,Laver Building, North Park Road, Exeter, EX4 4QE, UK
  • 35 Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, UP Box 63, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana
  • 36 The Field Musium, 1400S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA
  • 37 Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Calle Ramiro de Maeztu, 7, Madrid, 28040, Spain
  • 38 Institut Centrafricain de Recherche Agronomique, ICRA, BP 122, Bangui, Central African Republic
  • 39 School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
  • 40 FOERDIA, Forestry and Environment Research Development and Innovation Agency, Jalan Gunung Batu No 5, Bogor, 16610, Indonesia
  • 41 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Coordenação de Pesquisas em Silvicultura Tropical, Manaus, 69060-001, Brazil
  • 42 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 621 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1606, USA
  • 43 Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Travessa Doutor Enéas Pinheiro, Belém, PA, 66095-903, Brazil
  • 44 World Wildlife Fund, Calle Diego de Mendoza 299, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
  • 45 Sodefor, boulevard François Mitterrand, Cocody, Abidjan, 01BP 3770, Côte d'Ivoire
  • 46 Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno, 603 00, Czech Republic
  • 47 Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB, UK
  • 48 School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK
  • 49 Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, UNEMAT, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, 78.690-000, Brazil
  • 50 Jardín Botánico de Missouri; Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Oxapampa, Peru
  • 51 Russian Institute of Continuous Education in Forestry, Institutskaya 17, Pushkino, 141200, Russia
  • 52 Institute for Evolutionary Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lebedev 37, Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
  • 53 University of Oregon, 1585 E 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
  • 54 Forest Management in Bolivia, Sacta, Bolivia
  • 55 FRIM Forest Reserach Institute of Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 56 Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan
  • 57 Forestry faculty, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Mytischi, 141005, Russia
  • 58 Center for Agricultural research in Suriname, CELOS, 1914, Paramaribo, Suriname
  • 59 Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
  • 60 IIC, The Iwokrama International Centre for Rain Forest Conservation and Development, 77 High Street, Georgetown, Guyana
  • 61 Cibodas Botanic Gardens - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jl. Kebun Raya Cibodas, Cipanas, Cianjur, 43253, Indonesia
  • 62 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Panama 3092, Panama
  • 63 Museu Universitário, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364, Km 04 - Distrito Industrial, Rio Branco, 69915-559, Brazil
  • 64 Guyana Forestry Commission, 1 Water Street, Kingston Georgetown, Guyana
  • 65 Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 047, Yaounde, Cameroon
  • 66 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
  • 67 School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Thoday Building. Deiniol Rd, Bangor, LL57 2UW, United Kingdom
  • 68 Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyy Ave, 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
  • 69 Department of Forest Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paolo, PO Box 9, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
  • 70 State Nature Reserve Denezhkin Kamen, Lenina, 6, Sverdlovsk reg, Severouralsk, 624480, Russia
  • 71 International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, 33199, FL, USA
  • 72 Universidad Autónoma del Beni, Riberalta, Bolivia
  • 73 Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
  • 74 New Zealand Forest Research Institute (Scion) Te Papa Tipu Innovation Park, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand
  • 75 Unaffiliated (retired), Sommersbergseestrasse 291, Bad Aussee, 8990, Austria
  • 76 W.R.T College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Liberia, Capitol Hill, Monrovia, 9020, Liberia
  • 77 FRIM Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 78 Department Foresterie et Environnement (DFR FOREN), Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, INP-HB, Yamoussoukro, BP 2661, Côte d'Ivoire
Sci Data, 2019 10 10;6(1):198.
PMID: 31601817 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0196-1

Abstract

Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth's ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to greenhouse gas accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (AGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. AGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25 ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world's forests. All plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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