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Large range sizes link fast life histories with high species richness across wet tropical tree floras

Baker TR 1 , Adu-Bredu S 2 , Affum-Baffoe K 3 , Aiba SI 4 , Akite P 5 , Alexiades M 6 Show all authors , Almeida E 7 , de Oliveira EA 8 , Davila EA 9 , Amani C 10 , Andrade A 11 , Aragao L 12 , Araujo-Murakami A 13 , Arets E 14 , Arroyo L 13 , Ashton P 15 , Ifo SAA 16 , Aymard GAC 17 , Baisie M 18 , Balee W 19 , Balinga M 20 , Banin LF 21 , Banki O 22 , Baraloto C 23 , Barroso J 24 , Bastin JF 25 , Beeckman H 26 , Begne S 27 , Bengone NN 28 , Berry N 29 , Betian W 30 , Bezard V 31 , Blanc L 18 , Boeckx P 32 , Bonal D 33 , Bongers F 34 , Brearley FQ 35 , Brienen R 36 , Brown F 37 , Nasaradin MB 38 , Burban B 39 , Burslem DFRP 40 , Camargo P 41 , Camargo JL 11 , Castro W 42 , Ceron C 43 , Moscoso VC 44 , Chapman C 45 , Chave J 46 , Chezeaux E 47 , Collins M 48 , Comiskey J 49 , Coomes D 50 , Valverde FC 51 , Costa FRC 52 , Cuni-Sanchez A 53 , da Costa L 54 , Daly DC 6 , Dančák M 55 , Daniels A 56 , Dargie G 36 , Davies S 57 , De Canniere C 58 , de Haulleville T 26 , Del Aguila Pasquel J 59 , Derroire G 60 , Dexter KG 48 , Di Fiore A 61 , Djuikouo MK 62 , Doucet JL 63 , Droissart V 64 , Eilu G 65 , Emillio T 66 , Engel J 64 , Enock BY 16 , Ondo FE 67 , Ewango C 68 , Fauset S 69 , Feldpausch TR 12 , Fitriadi M 70 , Llampazo GF 59 , Foli EG 2 , Fredriksson G 71 , Galbraith DR 36 , Gilpin M 36 , Gloor E 36 , Gonmadje C 72 , Villaroel RG 13 , Hall J 73 , Hamer KC 74 , Hamilton A 75 , Hardy O 76 , Hart T 77 , Hédl R 78 , Herrera R 79 , Higuchi N 80 , Hladik CM 81 , Coronado EH 82 , Huamantupa-Chuquimaco I 83 , Huasco WH 44 , Hubau W 26 , Idhamsyah M 84 , Ismail SA 85 , Jeffery K 86 , Jimenez E 87 , Jucker T 88 , Kearsley E 89 , Kho LK 90 , Killeen T 91 , Kitayama K 92 , Laurance W 93 , Laurance S 93 , Leal M 94 , Lewis SL 36 , Lhota S 95 , Lindsell J 96 , Lopez-Gonzalez G 36 , Lovett J 36 , Lowe R 36 , Magnusson WE 52 , Makana JR 68 , Malhi Y 97 , Marimon B 8 , Junior BHM 8 , Marshall A 98 , Maycock C 99 , Mbayu F 100 , Mendoza C 101 , Polo IM 102 , Metali F 103 , Mihindou V 28 , Monteagudo-Mendoza A 44 , Moore S 97 , Mucunguzi P 5 , Mukinzi J 91 , Munishi P 104 , Nagy L 105 , Naisso P 18 , Neill D 106 , Lima AN 52 , Vargas PN 44 , Ojo L 107 , Palacios W 108 , Camacho NP 44 , Gutierrez AP 13 , Peacock J 36 , Peh KS 109 , Cruz AP 110 , Pendry C 111 , Pennington T 12 , Penuela-Mora MC 112 , Petronelli P 113 , Phillips OL 36 , Pickavance G 36 , Pipoly GJ 114 , Pitman N 115 , Poulsen AD 111 , Prance GT 36 , Prieto A 116 , Primack RB 117 , Qie L 118 , Queenborough SA 119 , Sunderland T 120 , Quesada C 52 , Arevalo FR 121 , Ramirez-Angulo H 122 , Reitsma J 123 , Réjou-Méchain M 64 , Roopsind A 124 , Rovero F 125 , Rutishauser E 126 , Salim KA 103 , Salomao R 127 , Samsoedin I 128 , Saparudin MS 103 , Schietti J 52 , Segovia RA 129 , Serrano J 122 , Serudia R 103 , Sheil D 34 , Silva N 130 , Espejo JS 131 , Silveira M 132 , Simo-Droissart M 133 , Singh J 134 , Sonké B 133 , De Sousa TEL 66 , Stropp J 135 , Sukri R 103 , Sunderland T 120 , Svátek M 136 , Swaine M 40 , Taedoumg H 137 , Talbot J 36 , Tan S 138 , Taplin J 139 , Taylor D 140 , Ter Steege H 22 , Terborgh J 141 , Torres-Lezama A 122 , Mukendi JT 100 , Tuagben D 142 , van de Meer P 143 , van der Heijden G 144 , van der Hout P 145 , van Nieuwstadt M 146 , van Ulft B 147 , Martinez RV 110 , Vernimmen R 148 , Vinceti B 149 , Vieira S 150 , Vieira ICG 127 , Torre EV 151 , Vleminckx J 152 , White L 28 , Willcock S 153 , Williams M 48 , Woods JT 154 , Yao TL 38 , Yassir I 84 , Zagt R 155 , Zemagho L 133

Affiliations 

  • 1 School of Geography, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. t.r.baker@leeds.ac.uk
  • 2 Forestry Research Institute of Ghana (FORIG), Kumasi, Ghana
  • 3 Mensuration Unit, Forestry Commission of Ghana, Kumasi, Ghana
  • 4 Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
  • 5 College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
  • 6 New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, 10458, USA
  • 7 Instituto de Biodiversidade e Florestas, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Belem, Brazil
  • 8 Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
  • 9 Fundación Con Vida, Medellín, Colombia
  • 10 Center for International Forestry Research, Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo
  • 11 Projeto Dinamica Biologica de Fragmentos Florestais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Brazil
  • 12 Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK
  • 13 Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
  • 14 Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
  • 15 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
  • 16 Université Marien N'Gouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
  • 17 UNELLEZ-Guanare, Programa de Ciencias del Agro y El Mar, Herbario Universitario (PORT), Guanare, Venezuela
  • 18 CIRAD, Forêts et Sociétés, 34398, Montpellier, France
  • 19 Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
  • 20 Tetra Tech ARD, Accra, Ghana
  • 21 UK Centre of Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh, UK
  • 22 Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
  • 23 International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB), The Kampong of the National Tropical Botanical Garden, Miami, FL, 33133, USA
  • 24 Universidade Federal do Acre, Centro Multidiciplinar, Cruzeiro do Sul, Brazil
  • 25 TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
  • 26 Laboratory for Wood Biology and Xylarium, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Brussels, Belgium
  • 27 Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Higher Teachers Training College, University of Yaounde I, Soa, Cameroon
  • 28 Ministry of Forests, Seas, Environment and Climate, Libreville, Gabon
  • 29 The Landscapes and Livelihoods Group, Edinburgh, UK
  • 30 CNRS, Forêts et Sociétés, 34398, Montpellier, France
  • 31 ONF, Forêts et Sociétés, 34398, Montpellier, France
  • 32 Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Isotope Bioscience Laboratory-ISOFYS, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
  • 33 INRAE, UMR SILVA, Champenoux, France
  • 34 Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
  • 35 Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
  • 36 School of Geography, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
  • 37 Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, USA
  • 38 Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 39 INRAE, UMR Ecofog, Kourou, French Guiana
  • 40 School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3FX, UK
  • 41 Centro de Energia Nuclear Na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 42 Botany and Plant Ecology Laboratory, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil
  • 43 Herbario Alfredo Paredes (QAP), Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
  • 44 Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
  • 45 Biology Department, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, V9R 5S5, Canada
  • 46 Laboratoire EDB, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062, Toulouse, France
  • 47 Rougier-Gabon, Libreville, Gabon
  • 48 School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, UK
  • 49 National Park Service, Washington, DC, USA
  • 50 Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
  • 51 Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, Lima, Peru
  • 52 INPA-Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
  • 53 Department of International Environmental and Development Studies (NORAGRIC), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
  • 54 Universidade Federal do Para, Belém, Brazil
  • 55 Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
  • 56 Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia (FDA), Monrovia, Liberia
  • 57 ForestGEO, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA
  • 58 Agroecology Lab, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussells, Belgium
  • 59 Instituto de Investigaciones de La Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
  • 60 Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParistech, CNRS, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de La Guyane), Kourou, French Guiana
  • 61 Department of Anthropology and Primate Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
  • 62 Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
  • 63 TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
  • 64 AMAP, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
  • 65 College of Agricture and Environmental Studies, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
  • 66 São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Campus Rio Claro, Center for Research On Biodiversity Dynamics and Climate Change (CBioClima), São Paulo, Brazil
  • 67 Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux Gabon, Libreville, Gabon
  • 68 Wildlife Conservation Society-DR Congo, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
  • 69 School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK
  • 70 Sungai Wain Protection Forest, Balikpapan City, Indonesia
  • 71 Sunbear Conservation Centre, Samboja, Indonesia
  • 72 National Herbarium, Yaounde, Cameroon
  • 73 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Smithsonian Institution Forest Global Earth Observatory (ForestGEO), Panama City, Panama
  • 74 School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
  • 75 Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
  • 76 Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Universite Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
  • 77 Lukuru Wildlife Research Foundation, Circleville, USA
  • 78 Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
  • 79 Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
  • 80 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazónia-Coordenaçao de Pesquisas em Silvicultura Tropical, Manaus, Brazil
  • 81 Departement Hommes Natures Societes, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005, Paris, France
  • 82 Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, London, UK
  • 83 Herbario Alwyn Gentry (HAG), Universidad Nacional Amazónica de Madre de Dios (UNAMAD), Puerto Maldonado, Peru
  • 84 Balitek-KSDA, Samboja, Indonesia
  • 85 Swiss Academy of Sciences (SCNAT), Bern, Switzerland
  • 86 CENAREST and ANPN and Stirling University, Stirling, UK
  • 87 Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
  • 88 School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
  • 89 CAVElab-Computational and Applied Vegetation Ecology, Ghent University, 9000, Gent, Belgium
  • 90 Ministry of Energy and Environmental Sustainability Sarawak, Kuching, Malaysia
  • 91 World Wide Fund for Nature, Gland, Switzerland
  • 92 Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • 93 Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS), College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
  • 94 Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, USA
  • 95 Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
  • 96 A Rocha International, Cambridge, UK
  • 97 Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
  • 98 Geography, University of York, York, UK
  • 99 Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
  • 100 Université de Kisangani Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques République Démocratique du Congo, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • 101 Forest Management in Bolivia, La Paz, Bolivia
  • 102 Jardin Botanico de Medellin, Grupo de Investigacion en Servicios Ecosistemicos y Cambio Climatico, Medellín, Colombia
  • 103 Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
  • 104 Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
  • 105 University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
  • 106 Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental, Pastaza, Ecuador
  • 107 University of Abeokuta, Adzho, Nigeria
  • 108 Universidad Tecnica del Norte, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
  • 109 Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
  • 110 Jardin Botanico de Missouri, Oxapampa, Peru
  • 111 Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH3 5NZ, UK
  • 112 Universidad Regional Amazonica Ikiam, Tena, Ecuador
  • 113 CIRAD, UMR Ecologie des Foréts de Guyane, Kourou, French Guiana
  • 114 Broward County Parks and Recreation, FAU, Nova SE Univ, Fort Lauderdale, USA
  • 115 Science and Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA
  • 116 Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
  • 117 Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
  • 118 School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
  • 119 Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
  • 120 University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
  • 121 Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
  • 122 Universidad de los Andes, Merida, Venezuela
  • 123 Bureau Waardenburg BV, Culemborg, The Netherlands
  • 124 Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, Georgetown, Guyana
  • 125 Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
  • 126 CarboFor, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 127 Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belen, Brazil
  • 128 Forest Research and Development Agency (FORDA), Cornwall, UK
  • 129 Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Santiago, Chile
  • 130 Servicio Florestal Brasileiro, Brasília, Brazil
  • 131 Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
  • 132 Museu Universitario, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil
  • 133 Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
  • 134 Guyana Forestry Commission, Georgetown, Guyana
  • 135 Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Brussels, Belgium
  • 136 Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
  • 137 University of Yaounde, Soa, Cameroon
  • 138 Sarawak Forestry Corporation, Kuching, Malaysia
  • 139 Forum for the Future, London, UK
  • 140 Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  • 141 Florida Museum of Natural History and Department of Biology, University of Florida - Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
  • 142 Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia (FDA), Kamkarn Town, Liberia
  • 143 Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
  • 144 University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
  • 145 Van der Hout Forestry Consulting, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
  • 146 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
  • 147 PROMAB, Richmond, USA
  • 148 Data for Sustainability, Axel, 4571 AK, The Netherlands
  • 149 Bioversity International, Rome, Italy
  • 150 Center for Environmental Studies and Research, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
  • 151 Tiputini Biodiversity Station, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
  • 152 Service Evolution Biologique et Ecologie, Brussels, Belgium
  • 153 Net Zero and Resilient Farming, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
  • 154 University of Liberia, Monrovia, Liberia
  • 155 Tropenbos International, Ede, The Netherlands
Sci Rep, 2025 Feb 08;15(1):4695.
PMID: 39922807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-84367-3

Abstract

Understanding how the traits of lineages are related to diversification is key for elucidating the origin of variation in species richness. Here, we test whether traits are related to species richness among lineages of trees from all major biogeographical settings of the lowland wet tropics. We explore whether variation in mortality rate, breeding system and maximum diameter are related to species richness, either directly or via associations with range size, among 463 genera that contain wet tropical forest trees. For Amazonian genera, we also explore whether traits are related to species richness via variation among genera in mean species-level range size. Lineages with higher mortality rates-faster life-history strategies-have larger ranges in all biogeographic settings and have higher mean species-level range sizes in Amazonia. These lineages also have smaller maximum diameters and, in the Americas, contain dioecious species. In turn, lineages with greater overall range size have higher species richness. Our results show that fast life-history strategies influence species richness in all biogeographic settings because lineages with these ecological strategies have greater range sizes. These links suggest that dispersal has been a key process in the evolution of the tropical forest flora.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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