Effect of carnosine supplementation on lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, HbA1C and insulin resistance: A systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term randomized controlled trials

Peng W 1 , Mao P 2 , Liu L 1 , Chen K 1 , Zhong Y 1 , Xia W 1 Show all authors , Guo Q 1 , Tan SC 3 , Rahmani J 4 , Kord Varkaneh H 4 , He P 5

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Endocrinology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, Hunan, 413000, China
  • 2 Department of Endocrinology, Air Force 986 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054,China
  • 3 UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 4 Department Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • 5 Department of Endocrinology, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, Hunan, 413000, China. Electronic address: hpx13607372305@sina.com
Complement Ther Med, 2020 Jan;48:102241.
PMID: 31987255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102241

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Glucose disorders and dyslipidemia are closely associated with obesity and metabolic disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Carnosine supplementation on lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, HbA1C and Insulin resistance.

METHOD: MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus and Web of sciences were investigated to identify relevant articles up to June 2019. The search strategy combined the Medical Subject Heading and Title and/or abstract keywords. The combined effect sizes were calculated as weight mean difference (WMD) using the random-effects model. Between study heterogeneity was evaluated by the Cochran's Q test and I2.

RESULTS: Four RCTs studies investigated Carnosine use versus any control for at least 2 weeks were identified and analyzed. Overall results from the random-effects model on included studies, with 184 participants, indicated that carnosine intervention reduced HbA1C levels in intervention vs control groups (WMD: -0.92 %, 95 % CI: -1.20, -0.63, I2:69 %). Four studies, including a total of 183 participants, reported TG changes as an outcome measure variable, but combined results did not show significant reduction in this outcome (WMD: -14.46 mg/dl, 95 % CI: -29.11, 0.19, I2:94 %). Furthermore, combined results did not show any significant change in HOMA-IR, Cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, or HDL-C.

CONCLUSION: Carnosine supplementation results in a decrease in HbA1C, but elicits no effect on HOMA-IR, Cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, TG and HDL-C. Future studies with a larger sample sizes, varied doses of carnosine, and population-specific sub-groups are warranted to confirm, and enhance, the veracity of our findings.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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