Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Sustainable Energy Management, Stella Maris College, Chennai, 600086, Tamilnadu, India. Electronic address: rekha.ap@gmail.com
  • 2 Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ambientales Zonas Áridas, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad deIngeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez 1775, Arica, Chile. Electronic address: saravanan3.raj@gmail.com
  • 3 Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Electronic address: pauloke.show@nottingham.edu.my
  • 4 Department of Nuclear Physics, University of Madras, Gunidy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, Tamilnadu, India
  • 5 Advanced Materials Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Yonsei Frontier Lab, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
Chemosphere, 2021 Jun;272:128607.
PMID: 33097236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128607

Abstract

Many microbial species causing infectious disease all over the world became a social burden and creating threat among community. These microbes possess long lifetime, enhancing mortality and morbidity rate in affected organisms. In this condition, the treatment was ineffective and more chances of spreading of infection into other organisms. Hence, it is necessary to initiate infection control efforts and prevention activities against multidrug resistant microbes, to reduce the death rate of people. Seriously concerning towards this problem progress was shown in developing significant drugs with least side effects. Emergence of nanoparticles and its novelty showed effective role in targeting and destructing microbes well. Further, many research works have shown nanocomposites developed from nanoparticles coupled with other nanoparticles, polymers, carbon material acted as an exotic substance against microbes causing severe loss. However, metal and metal oxide nanocomposites have gained interest due to its small size and enhancing the surface contact with bacteria, producing damage to it. The bactericidal mechanism of metal and metal oxide nanocomposites involve in the production of reactive oxygen species which includes superoxide radical anions, hydrogen peroxide anions and hydrogen peroxide which interact with the cell wall of bacteria causing damage to the cell membrane in turn inhibiting the further growth of cell with leakage of internal cellular components, leading to death of bacteria. This review provides the detailed view on antibacterial activity of metal and metal oxide nanocomposite which possessed novelty due to its physiochemical changes.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.