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Fulltext Tetanus after induced abortion--a case report

bin Misiran K

Med J Malaysia, 1990 Dec;45(4):349-52.
PMID: 2152060

A case of tetanus occurring after induced abortion is reported. The patient gave a history of low grade fever with chill and rigors, headache, neck pain and Trismus. She subsequently developed respiratory distress. However, incorrect information from the patient resulted in the delay to locate and eradicate the source of infection. Early referral to an intensive care unit for ventilatory assistance was the most appropriate step to save the patient. Complications which occurred during the course of the disease were sometimes difficult to overcome. These complications were probably related to the duration of stay in the intensive care unit. Their incidence could be reduced by more meticulous patient care.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced/adverse effects*
Demographic and fertility characteristics of 4 squatter settlements

Yusof K, Zulkifli SN

Malays J Reprod Health, 1985;3(1):31-45.
PMID: 12268887
Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced
Fulltext Toxoplasma gondii recombinant surface antigen (SAG 1; P 30) and its applications in serodiagnosis and vaccine development for toxoplasmosis

Wan Omar Abdullah

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2010;6(1):1-18.
MyJurnal

Toxoplasmosis, caused by an intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, is widespread throughout the world. The disease is of major medical and veterinary importance, being a cause of congenital disease and abortion in humans and in domestic animals.[1] In addition, it has gained importance recently due to toxoplasma encephalitis in AIDS patients.[2] T. gondii was discovered 100 years ago. Its identification was rapidly followed by the recognition that it was a human pathogen. During the past 100 years, the spectrum of diseases caused by this ubiquitous pathogen has expanded to include both congenital and acute infections as well as the recognition of diseases caused by this pathogen in the immune-compromised host. Recent data on behavioural changes in animals due to chronic toxoplasmosis is leading to research on the effect of this pathogen on the behaviour of humans.[3] Experimental studies on T. gondii have resulted in it becoming a model organism for studies on host pathogen interactions. Integration of clinical and experimental data on T. gondii should continue to lead to important insights into improvements in diagnosis for clinical management and vaccine development for control of toxoplasmosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced
Fulltext Termination of pregnancy for a Muslim rape victim and dilemma in Malaysian setting: a case report

Umi Adzlin, S., Azizul, A., Uma, V., Nor’Izam, A.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2012;21(2):0-0.
MyJurnal

This case report highlights on the dilemma in making a decision for termination of pregnancy (TOP) for a muslim rape victim in Malaysian setting. We report a case of 17 year-old student at 7 weeks of pregnancy after being gang-raped, who, together with her parents, had requested for a TOP. Psychiatric assessment showed that the patient suffered from a major depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder which justified termination of pregnancy on a psychological and clinical basis. However the available Malaysian Islamic fatwa had caused some uncertainties on the final decision making. This case demonstrated on the needs to understand the relevant issues beyond clinical judgment in relation to TOP in our setting which encompasses the legal provision, ethical obligation as well as the needs for a clear religious understanding and stand to support the medical decision.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced
Feasibility, efficacy, safety, and acceptability of mifepristone-misoprostol for medical abortion in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Tran NT, Jang MC, Choe YS, Ko WS, Pyo HS, Kim OS

Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2010 Jun;109(3):209-12.
PMID: 20206354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.01.012

To examine the feasibility, efficacy, safety, and acceptability of medical abortion among rural and urban women up to 56 days of pregnancy in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced/methods*
A qualitative exploration of contraceptive practice and decision making of Malaysian women who had induced abortion: a case study

Tong WT, Low WY, Wong YL, Choong SP, Jegasothy R

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2014 Sep;26(5):536-45.
PMID: 24368749 DOI: 10.1177/1010539513514434

This study explores contraceptive practice and decision making of women who have experienced abortion in Malaysia. In-depth interviews were carried out with 31 women who had abortions. Women in this study did adopt some method of modern contraception prior their abortion episodes. However, challenges to use a method consistently were experiences and fear of side effects, contraceptive failure, partner's influence, lack of confidence, and cost. The decision to adopt contraception was theirs but the types of contraceptive methods to adopt were influenced by their spouses/partners. The women wanted to use modern contraception but were faced with challenges that hampered its use. More proactive contraceptive promotion is needed to educate people on the array of contraceptive methods available and made accessible to them, to correct misconceptions on safety of modern contraception, to increase men's involvement in contraceptive choices, and to encourage consistent contraceptive use to prevent unintended pregnancies.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced/statistics & numerical data*
Fulltext Exploring pregnancy termination experiences and needs among Malaysian women: a qualitative study

Tong WT, Low WY, Wong YL, Choong SP, Jegasothy R

BMC Public Health, 2012;12:743.
PMID: 22950371 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-743

Malaysia has relatively liberal abortion laws in that they permit abortions for both physical and mental health cases. However, abortion remains a taboo subject. The stagnating contraceptive prevalence rate combined with the plunging fertility rate suggests that abortion might be occurring clandestinely. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of women and their needs with regard to abortion.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced/psychology*
Fulltext Medical students' attitudes toward abortion education: Malaysian perspective

Tey NP, Yew SY, Low WY, Su'ut L, Renjhen P, Huang MS, et al.

PLoS One, 2012;7(12):e52116.
PMID: 23300600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052116

Abortion is a serious public health issue, and it poses high risks to the health and life of women. Yet safe abortion services are not readily available because few doctors are trained to provide such services. Many doctors are unaware of laws pertaining to abortion. This article reports survey findings on Malaysian medical students' attitudes toward abortion education and presents a case for including abortion education in medical schools.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced/education*
Fulltext Septic induced abortion -- a report of 100 cases in Sarawak

Teo MYK, Tiong TH, Teo B

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Dec;37(4):322-5.
PMID: 7167083

Over a 28 month period in the Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, there were 100 'confirmed' septic induced abortions and 75 'suspect' cases. Socio-demographic characteristics are studied. Seventy-five percent of induced abortions used some kind of foreign body per vaginam. Forty-one percent are in the age group of 20-25 years and the housewife together with the unemployed form 57 percent of the whole group. There were 2 maternal mortalities.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced/adverse effects*; Abortion, Induced/mortality
Low perinatal autopsy rate in Malaysia: time for a change

Tan GC, Hayati AR, Khong TY

Pediatr Dev Pathol, 2010 Sep-Oct;13(5):362-8.
PMID: 20367214 DOI: 10.2350/09-03-0623-OA.1

Our objectives were to determine the perinatal autopsy rate in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia and to quantify the value of the perinatal autopsy. All stillbirths, miscarriages, therapeutic abortions, and neonatal deaths between January 1, 2004, and August 31, 2009, were identified from the archives. The autopsy findings were compared with the clinical diagnoses. The autopsy reports were also reviewed to determine if it would be possible to improve the quality of the autopsies. There were 807 perinatal deaths, of which 36 (4.5%) included an autopsy. There were ethnic differences in the rate of autopsy, with the lowest rate among the Malays. The autopsy provided the diagnosis, changed the clinical diagnosis, or revealed additional findings in 58.3% of cases. Ancillary testing, such as microbiology, chromosomal analysis, and biochemistry, could improve the quality of the autopsy. This study provides further data on the perinatal autopsy rate from an emerging and developing country. It reaffirms the value of the perinatal autopsy. Attempts must be made to improve on the low autopsy rate while recognizing that the performance of autopsies can be enhanced through the use of ancillary testing.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced
Attitudes towards induced abortion in Peninsular Malaysia--a Guttman scale analysis

Takeshita YJ, Tan Boon Ann, Arshat H

Malays J Reprod Health, 1986 Dec;4(2):73-90.
PMID: 12314887
Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced*
Fulltext Islamic perspective on elective abortion of Zika virus infected pregnant women

Syazwani Hamdan, Mohd Rahman Omar, Mohammad Naqib Hamdan, Ummu Aiman Faisal

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):60-60.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Zika virus infection is caused by flavivirus virus and spread by Aedes mosquitoes. Since first report-ed in 1947, it spread to various countries especially in the equatorial region including Malaysia. The infection is non-fatal to an adult. However, the major risk of its infection is towards unborn baby when the mother is infected. The vertical transmission to the foetus possess various risks include the teratogenic effect that may lead to elective abortion. Thus, the objectives of this review are to discover about Zika virus and its effect on pregnant women and to evaluate Islamic perspective about elective abortion of Zika virus-infected women. Methods: This review was done through reviewing evidence from the journals, books and reports. The data were reviewed thematically according to the objectives. Results: Studies shown that Zika virus may cause miscarriage, preterm birth, microcephaly and other malformation known as Congenital Zika syndrome. This leads to a demand for elective abortion which raised Islamic ethical issue if it is permissible. In Islam, abortion is extremely prohibited once the foetus reached 120-day of con-ception unless it causes harm to the mother’s life. But, if the foetus age is less than 120-day, abortion is permissible when the pregnancy affects the mother’s health. Abortion due to foetal microcephaly and congenital malformation is prohibited. Conclusion: Effort must be taken to prevent the spread of Zika virus to reduce the need for an elective abortion through an education Muslim community regarding elective abortion.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced
Fulltext A follow-up profile of women seeking pregnancy terminations in a clinic in urban Malaysia: 1998-2005

Siti Fathilah Kamaluddin

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2010;8(1):5-11.
MyJurnal

This is a follow-up study to assess the socio demographic profile of a sample of 28,605 women seeking pregnancy terminations at a private clinic in Penang over a seven year period as compared to an earlier study in 1995 of a sample of 23,986 women over a six and a half year period at the same clinic. This study was conducted using computerized patient medical records and paper reports generated from the computer data. The earlier 1995 study showed that the profile of a typical abortion client was a Chinese (60%), housewife (45%) in her late twenties (47%) with a monthly household income of less than RM1,200 (58%), having her first abortion (51%) and who had used contraception before (78%). For the seven year period from 1998-2005, the follow-up profile of a woman seeking an abortion in the same clinic in urban Malaysia was one with a monthly household income of less than RM2,000 (100%) in her late twenties (54%) who had used contraception in the past (85%). It is noted that the percentage of Malay respondents has increased (34%). The percentage of women who had a prior abortion at this clinic or elsewhere has also increased (68%), as compared to the preliminary study. Non-use of contraception remained an issue and traditional methods still outweighed the use of more effective contraceptive methods. In conclusion, fewer housewives and more Malay and Indonesian factory workers contributed to the clinic client profile over these seven years compared to that of the earlier study in 1995.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced
Pattern of acute pelvic inflammatory disease in abortion-related admissions

Sinnathuray TA, Yusof K, Palan VT, Fong CK, Adeep N, Chong CH, et al.

Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1980 Dec 01;138(7 Pt 2):868-71.
PMID: 7468674

We evaluated 3,066 consecutive women admitted during 1 year to two major hospitals of Kuala Lumpur and the adjacent urban area of Malaysia. Indicators of acute pelvic inflammatory disease were more common among patients with induced abortions. PID was thought to be a major contributor to the higher costs associated with management of patients with induced abortions.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced/adverse effects*
Inter-observer variability in the histologic criteria of diagnosis of hydatidiform moles

Sarmadi S, Izadi-Mood N, Sanii S, Motevalli D

Malays J Pathol, 2019 Apr;41(1):15-24.
PMID: 31025633

INTRODUCTION: In the event of encountering hydropic villi in products of conception specimens, pathologists will have to distinguish complete and partial hydatidiform mole (CHM & PHM) from hydropic abortion (HA). The histological diagnostic criteria are subjective and demonstrate considerable inter-observer variability.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study evaluated the inter-observer variability in diagnosis of CHM, PHM and HA according to defined histologic criteria. Ninety abortus conception specimens were reviewed. Representative haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were assigned independently to two pathologists who were asked to make a diagnosis of CHM, PHM or HA, and provide a report of the identified diagnostic histological criteria. Kappa value was calculated for the inter-observer agreement.
RESULTS: There was a total of 36.7% disagreement between two pathologists (K = 0.403, Strength of Agreement = moderate), of which 24.4% and 12.2%, were differentiating PHM from CHM and PHM from HA, respectively. Among defined diagnostic histological criteria, the highest rate of agreement was observed in the identification of cistern formation and hydropic changes (K = 0.746 and 0.686 respectively, Strength of Agreement = substantial).
CONCLUSION: There was moderate to substantial agreement rate between two pathologists in identification of two essential histologic criteria for diagnosis of molar pregnancies i.e. "hydropic change" and "trophoblastic proliferation".

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced
Abortion by massage--"bomoh"

Sambhi JS

IPPF Med Bull, 1977 Feb;11(1):3.
PMID: 873012
Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced/methods*
Malaysia family-planning centers strive to maintain gains won in 15-year period

Roemer R

Med Trib Med News, 1968 Sep 12;9(74):1.
PMID: 12229348

PIP: Family planning in Malaysia is discussed. Family planning began in Malaysia about 15 years ago through the efforts of voluntary family Planning Associations in the various Malay states. In 1966 the Malaysian Parliament passed the National Family Planning Act setting up the National FAmily Planning Board to formulate policies and methods for the promotion and spread of family planning knowledge and practice on the grounds of health of mothers and children and welfare of the family. In 1967, the board set a target of 40,000 new acceptors of family planning and 90% of the target was reached. This represents 3% of the child-bearing married women aged 15-49. The target for 1968 of 65,000 new acceptors is being achieved. A survey of acceptors is to be carried out from December 1968 to April 1969 to ascertain how many women who accepted family planning continue to practice it. Malaysia's crude birth rate declined from 46.2 in 1957 to 37.3 in 1966 before the government program was instituted. Abortion attempts have been frequent. The main method of contraception used is oral contraceptives. According to a 1957 survey, 31% of the married women in the metropolitan areas and 2% of rural women were using contraception. Presently, in Malaysia there is a need to: 1) train personnel to provide services, 2) inform and motivate families to accept family planning, 3) continue a broad educational program, 4) reform Malaysia's antiquated abortion law, and 5) integrate family planning services more fully into the general health services of the country.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced*
Unwanted pregnancy--medical and ethical dimensions

Ravindran J

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58 Suppl A:23-35.
PMID: 14556348

Globally, abortion mortality accounts for approximately 13% of all maternal mortality. Unsafe abortion procedures, untrained abortion providers, restrictive abortion laws and high maternal mortality and morbidity from abortion tend to occur together. Unplanned and unwanted pregnancies constitute a serious public health responsibility. While fertility has declined by half in developing countries, the motivation to control and space births has risen faster than the rate of contraceptive use. Preventing maternal mortality and morbidity from abortion in countries where these remain high is a matter of good public health policy and medical practice, and constitutes an important part of safe motherhood initiatives. A range of positive steps has been taken to reduce deaths and morbidity from abortion in a growing number of countries over the past 15 years. Making abortion legal is an essential prerequisite in making it safe. In this respect, changing the law does matter and assertions to the contrary are ill conceived and unsupported in practice. Although, in many countries, trends towards safer abortion have often occurred prior to or in the absence of changes in the law, legal changes need to take place if safety is to be sustained for all women. Religious laws may also require attention when legal change is being contemplated. There are three main ways of approaching this problem: liberalizing the existing law within the penal or criminal code; partially or fully legalizing abortion through a positive law or a court ruling; and decriminalising abortion by taking it out of the law. Women's health groups and other advocates, parliamentarians and health professionals, can work together to support the right of women not to die from unsafe abortions and to ensure they receive treatment for complications. Committed doctors can make a difference by providing treatment for abortion complications, interpreting the law in a liberal way and providing safe services where these are legal as well as training providers in the safest techniques to reduce mortality and morbidity. Although law, policy and women's rights are central to this issue, making abortions safe is above all a public health responsibility of governments. Moreover, reducing maternal mortality by making abortions safe is also an important part of the international commitment made in Cairo in 1994 at the ICPD and reaffirmed at the Cairo meeting in 1999.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced/legislation & jurisprudence*; Abortion, Induced/ethics*
Fulltext Practice and barriers of family planning: A comparison among muslim women in three main cities, viz. New York City, Tehran and Kuala Lumpur

Raja Ariffin RN, Abdul Mutalib M, Mohd Satar N, Hanafi H, Othman A, Tumin M, et al.

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2016;10(2):30-37.
MyJurnal

Background: There is a lack of information on the practice of family planning among Muslim women in New York City in the United States of America (USA) [hereinafter known as “Muslim women residing in the United States” (MWRIU)], Tehran in the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
The limited figures on this issue are either outdated or mere estimates. The importance of sexual and reproductive health of Muslim women is expected to have massive effects on the social and economic progress of developing countries like the IRI and Malaysia. It is also expected to have imperative impacts on the attempts to empower the MWRIU community and enhance their health status to meet the national standards.
Objective: The study objective is to explore and compare the practice of family planning, namely on contraceptive use and abortion among Muslim women in 3 major cities of different countries.
Methodology: A survey of 379, 377 and 380 respondents from New York City, Tehran and Kuala Lumpur respectively was conducted in 2013 using self-administered questionnaires.
Results: There were significant differences in contraceptive and abortion practices across these countries (P<0.01). While a significant 86.6% of Iranian and 66.2% of the MWRIU used contraception, only 22.9% of the Malaysian women did so. For abortion, 13.6% of the MWRIU and 6.3% of the Malaysian respondents had abortion at least once; while only 22% of Iranians revealed their abortion history, totaling 32.1% of them who had abortion. Financial problems and having an unsupportive husband were among the major factors hindering their practice of healthy family planning.
Conclusion: Educational campaigns should be promoted to increase the awareness on the permissibility of family planning in Islam, as well as on sexual and reproductive rights.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced
Availability, Utilization, and Health Providers' Attitudes Towards Safe Abortion Services in Public Health Facilities of a District in West Bengal, India

Pyne S, Ravindran TKS

Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle), 2020;1(1):80-88.
PMID: 33786477 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2019.0007

Background:
The provision of safe abortion services upholds the realization of justice in sexual and reproductive health. Many state-level studies in India have identified poor availability of abortion services in the public sector and negative attitudes toward abortion among health providers, as potential barriers to access.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done to document the availability and utilization of medical termination of pregnancy (MTP or abortion) services and to assess public sector health providers' attitudes towards safe abortion. It was carried out in a representative district of West Bengal, using a facility checklist and a validated attitude scale.
Results:
Only 11 of 42 public health facilities had both trained doctors and equipment to provide MTP services. Twelve facilities provided MTP services, of which only three urban-based secondary-level facilities provided second trimester MTPs. There were female providers in just 2 of the 12 MTP-providing facilities. Among the 64 health providers interviewed, 40% were trained to provide MTP. According to the attitude scale, 38% had a negative attitude toward the provision of safe abortion services. There was no statistically significant association between attitudes of health providers and provision of MTP. However, there appeared to be a subtle process of gatekeeping in operation, such as making MTP conditional on acceptance of contraception, requiring the husband's consent, and so on.
Conclusions:
The study shows the poor availability of abortion services in public sector facilities in a district of West Bengal, although all public health facilities from the primary health center level upwards are authorized to provide abortion services.

Matched MeSH terms: Abortion, Induced

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