MyMedR

Fulltext The bacteriology of perforated appendix

Lim VKE, Hussin Z, Abdul Wahab Y

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Dec;38(4):275-8.

Perforated appendix is a serious surgical condition that carries a high morbidity. Antibiotic treatment is often started before the availability of bacteriological reports. The choice of antibiotics would depend on the bacteriology associated with perforated appendix. In a retrospective survey of the bacteriology of peritoneal pus obtained from cases of perforated appendix at the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, E. coli was found to be the most commonly encountered organism. This was followed in order of decreasing frequency by streptococci, Bacteroides species, Klebsiella-Enterobacter group and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. From the results of the antibiotic sensitivities an antibiotic regimen comprising of a combination of gentamicin, metronidazole and penicillin is recommended as appropriate chemotherapy in perforated appendix.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/microbiology*

Isolation of Aggregatibacter aphrophilus from a patient with acute appendicitis

Aye AM, Law CW, Sabet NS, Karunakaran R, Hanifah YA, Jafar FL, et al.

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2011 Jul;15(7):845-7.

PMID: 21780555

Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency. The etiology and pathophysiology of appendicitis have been well investigated. Aggregatibacter aphrophilus is a fastidious gram-negative coccobacilli. Detection of this organism in clinical samples and its differentiation from Haemophilus aphrophilus or from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in routine microbiology settings could be difficult.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/microbiology*; Appendicitis/surgery

Urinary tract infection and non-ruptured acute appendicitis association: Uro-pathogens findings

Al Fraijat B, Al-Tawarah NM, Khlaifat AM, Qaralleh H, Khleifat KM, M A, et al.

Trop Biomed, 2019 Sep 01;36(3):620-629.

PMID: 33597484

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) consider as the most common infections worldwide, with higher risk in patients experienced Acute Appendicitis (AA). The purpose of this study was, to investigate the bacterial profile of UTIs in patients with non-ruptured AA postsurgically, and to assess age- and gender-related links of all AA cases in Karak region, Jordan. Urine samples obtained from 46 cases (32 male and 14 female) aged between 16-70 years were diagnosed as non-ruptured AA, following with isolation and characterization of isolated bacteria. Out of 46 AA cases, uropathogens isolated from 25 (54.3%) UTI cases. Out of these isolates; 42 (73.7%) were gram-negative isolates and 15 (26.3%) were gram-positive bacteria. The percentage of isolates were E. coli (26.3%), Enterobacter species (21%), Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella pneumoniea (10.5%) for each, Streptococcus saprophytics and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7%) for each, Yersinia spp. and S. milleri (8.8%). Out of UTI cases, 20 cases (80%) possessed mixed culture, each of them had at least one of Enterobacterial species. i.e. Enterobacter spp. or E. coli or both. More precisely, out of all these positivecases, 2 cases had pure gram positive-bacterial infection (8%), while pure gram negative bacterial infection comprised 48% of them and the rest (44%) were mixed (gram-negative and gram-positive) bacterial infection. Moreover, study revealed a high prevalence rate of AA cases 24 (52.2%) in the ages of 16-22 years, then declining the rate with increasing the age, reaching the lowest rate (4.3%) in ages of 60-70. In addition to age factor, the males significantly more susceptible to AA cases than females by 2.2-fold. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed high resistance capability of E. coli to the most used antibiotics except for nitrofurantoin. Bacterial isolates showing sensitivity against ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid and nitrofurantoin, with a superiority for the first two. Results demonstrate high prevalence rate of UTIs in patients with AA. For avoiding, the needless use of antibiotics through sticking to our accountability as healthcare provisioner to pursuit the antimicrobial management.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/microbiology; Appendicitis/epidemiology*

Fulltext Laparoscopic appendicectomy for complicated appendicitis in children

Thambidorai CR, Aman Fuad Y

Singapore Med J, 2008 Dec;49(12):994-7.

PMID: 19122949

The place of laparoscopic appendicectomy in the management of complicated appendicitis remains unsettled with reports of a higher incidence of postoperative intraperitoneal abscess. Most studies on laparoscopic appendicectomy in children have been done in the Western population. This retrospective review was done to compare laparoscopic appendicectomy with open appendicectomy in children with complicated appendicitis in a hospital in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/complications; Appendicitis/surgery*

Fulltext A Cross-Sectional Study of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Diagnosing Acute Appendicitis in Hospital Melaka

Ahmad KA, Ideris N, Aziz SHSA

Malays J Med Sci, 2019 Nov;26(6):55-66.

PMID: 31908587 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.6.6

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies. However, its proper diagnosis is complicated. This study aims to evaluate the ability of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to diagnose acute appendicitis in pre-operative state.

Methods: Histopathological examination of appendicectomies conducted between 2016 and 2017 in Melaka Hospital, Malaysia were traced and categorised into three groups: i) G1 (normal appendix), ii) G2 (acute appendicitis) and iii) G3 (perforated appendicitis). The reports were randomised and a total of 338 samples were collected. NLR values were compared between the three different groups and analysed.

Results: The median values of NLR for G1, G2 and G3 were 2.37, 5.25 and 9.27, respectively. We found a statistically significant difference in NLR between G1 and G2 (P < 0.001), and G2 and G3 (P < 0.001). The diagnostic values of NLR for acute appendicitis and perforated appendicitis were 3.11 (sensitivity: 75.23%, specificity: 68.70%) and 6.17 (sensitivity: 76.32%, specificity: 58.72%), respectively. There was a substantial correlation between NLR and disease severity, and a moderate correlation between NLR and duration of admission.

Conclusion: NLR, with a sensitivity of 75.23% and specificity of 68.70%, is a useful and reliable adjunct in diagnosing acute appendicitis. Hence, it will help in reducing the rate of negative appendicectomies.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis

Counter response to Response from Dr Yagnik and Dr Yagnik to Gangrenous giant Meckel's diverticulitis masquerading acute appendicitis: a surgical conundrum

Hayati F, Yeap BT, Azizan N

ANZ J Surg, 2020 01;90(1-2):190.

PMID: 32067319 DOI: 10.1111/ans.15571

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis*

Fulltext Acute appendicitis in pregnancy: a diagnostic and management challenge

Zainur Rashid, Z., Sulaiha, S.A., Azmi, M.N.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2014;13(1):77-80.

MyJurnal

Acute appendicitis is the most common extra-uterine surgical emergency encountered during pregnancy, but an accurate diagnosis is still an enigma. Anatomical shifting of the appendix by the enlarging uterus makes the clinical and sonographic diagnosis difficult. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent perforation, which increases the risk of fetal and maternal death. Surgical intervention, either by an open laparotomy or laparoscopy is the most appropriate treatment for appendicitis. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, investigation, complications and treatment of acute appendicitis in pregnancy.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis

Acute appendicitis in West Malaysia

Hussein Bin Dato Sall, Balasegaram M

Med J Malaya, 1972 Sep;27(1):43-7.

PMID: 4264824

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/epidemiology*

Letter: Stool characteistics and western diseases

Balasegaram M, Burkitt DP

Lancet, 1976 Jan 17;1(7951):152.

PMID: 54670

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/etiology

Fulltext Appendicular mass complicating acute appendicitis in a patient with dengue fever

Low YN, Cheong BM

Med J Malaysia, 2016 04;71(2):83-4.

PMID: 27326951 MyJurnal

Abdominal pain with dengue fever can be a diagnostic challenge. Typically, pain is localised to the epigastric region or associated with hepatomegaly. Patients can also present with acute abdomen. We report a case of a girl with dengue fever and right iliac fossa pain. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made only after four days of admission. An appendicular mass and a perforated appendix was noted during appendectomy. The patient recovered subsequently. Features suggestive of acute appendicitis are persistent right iliac fossa pain, localised peritonism, persistent fever and leucocytosis. Repeated clinical assessment is important to avoid missing a concurrent diagnosis like acute appendicitis.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/complications*; Appendicitis/surgery

Gangrenous giant Meckel's diverticulitis masquerading acute appendicitis: a surgical conundrum

Teng WW, Yeap BT, Azizan N, Hayati F, Chuah JA

ANZ J Surg, 2019 09;89(9):E379-E380.

PMID: 29695030 DOI: 10.1111/ans.14503

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis

Ulcers of the caecum and appendicitis

Dane R

Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1903.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis

Some notes on appendicitis

Dick W

Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1904.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis

Incidence of Retrocaecal Acute Appendicitis at the Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI) Batu Pahat

Nur Bazlaah B, Khairuzi S, Nabiha F, Mohd Nadzri M, Nur Bazilah B, Hirdayu AB, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):223-228.

PMID: 33742632

BACKGROUND: A surgical audit study among Batu Pahat population was conducted in determining the commonest position of appendix in post appendectomy.

METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective study. A total of 204 cases of patients underwent an appendectomy admitted to the surgical ward from January 2017 until January 2018 at Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI) were audited retrospectively.

RESULTS: This findings showed different figures of ascendancy in gender among patients who underwent an appendectomy with females 58.8% and males 41.2%. The perforation rate was 40.7% and delay in diagnosis was found to be 19.1%. The perforated appendix had a significantly higher incidence in males with a correlation of p-value 0.04. Retrocaecal appendix (RA) remained the commonest position for patients who underwent an appendectomy with 26.9%. RA is associated with an increased incidence of perforation (p-value 0.01).

CONCLUSION: The position of appendix in our patients who underwent an appendectomy is parallel to the reports available globally in that it is retrocaecal followed by retroileal as the commonest position among residence of Batu Pahat.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis

Fulltext Atypical Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) with Empyema and Ascites in A Single Unmarried Lady

Roszaman Ramli, Mokhtar Awang, Ghazali Ismail

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2006;5(2):1-7.

MyJurnal

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common cause of morbidity and accounts for 1 in 60 GP consultations by women under the age of 45 in the UK. Pelvic inflammatory disease encompases a broad category of disease including endometritis, salphingitis, salphingo-oopheritis, tuboovarian abscess and pelvic peritonitis. It most commonly occurs as a result of Chlamydia trachomatis or Nesseria gonorrhea 1,2 infection of the endocervix that eventually spread into the upper genital tract. Direct spread from a nearby infection such as appendicitis and diverticulitis is not that common. Hematogenous spread is rare except in cases of tuberculous pelvic inflammatory disease. This case illustrates atypical presentation of pelvic inflammatory disease in a previously healthy single unmarried lady. The presence of ascites, bilateral ovarian mass and constitutional symptoms closely mimics that of malignant ovarian tumour. This was preceded by empyema which grew E coli.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis

Fulltext Acute appendicitis in infants: a case report

Goon HK

Med J Malaysia, 1986 Sep;41(3):236-8.

PMID: 3670141

A case of acute appendicitis occurring in a 10- month-old infant is reported. The difficulties of an early preoperative diagnosis are highlighted. Perforation has usually occurred on presentation. However, prognosis may not necessarily be poor if active measures are instituted soon after perforation. The importance of active and aggressive preoperative resuscitation with fluids and electrolyte and intravenous antibiotics is stressed.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/diagnosis*; Appendicitis/surgery

Pre-emptive intraperitoneal local anaesthesia: an effective method in immediate post-operative pain management and metabolic stress response in laparoscopic appendicectomy, a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study

Thanapal MR, Tata MD, Tan AJ, Subramaniam T, Tong JM, Palayan K, et al.

ANZ J Surg, 2014 Jan-Feb;84(1-2):47-51.

PMID: 23057502 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2012.06210.x

Although laparoscopic surgeries are associated with reduced surgical stress response and shortened post-operative recovery, intense pain and high analgesia requirements in the immediate post-operative period are often the chief complaints.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/surgery*

Fulltext Perforated ileal duplication cyst presenting with right iliac fossa pain mimicking perforated appendicitis

Islah MAR, Hafizan T

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Mar;63(1):63-4.

PMID: 18935738

Enteric duplication is an uncommon malformation of the gastrointestinal tract which is either asymptomatic or presents with vague symptoms mimicking other more common pathology. It is most commonly diagnosed when complications such as bleeding, intestinal obstruction or perforation occurs. This is a case report of a patient with this condition presenting with right iliac fossa pain and localised peritonitis mimicking acute appendicitis.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/diagnosis*

Fulltext Amyand’s Hernia: A Diagnostic Dilemma

Vairavan, N., Rohaizak, M., Hairol, O.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2006;5(1):1-4.

MyJurnal

Appendicitis within an Amyand's hernia is rare; when it occurs it is often misdiagnosed as a strangulated inguinal hernia. Management of these cases needs to be individualized according to the presentation. In uncomplicated cases, we recommend concurrent appendectomy and darning repair of the hernia. We present such a case and review the related literature.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis

Fulltext Acute appendicitis presenting as melaena

Tham KC, Kok CL, Hein T

Med J Malaysia, 1992 Jun;47(2):154.

PMID: 1494337

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/complications*; Appendicitis/diagnosis

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 51 in total