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Fulltext Deep learning for cardiac computer-aided diagnosis: benefits, issues & solutions

Loh BCS, Then PHH

Mhealth, 2017;3:45.
PMID: 29184897 DOI: 10.21037/mhealth.2017.09.01

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the top causes of deaths worldwide. In developing nations and rural areas, difficulties with diagnosis and treatment are made worse due to the deficiency of healthcare facilities. A viable solution to this issue is telemedicine, which involves delivering health care and sharing medical knowledge at a distance. Additionally, mHealth, the utilization of mobile devices for medical care, has also proven to be a feasible choice. The integration of telemedicine, mHealth and computer-aided diagnosis systems with the fields of machine and deep learning has enabled the creation of effective services that are adaptable to a multitude of scenarios. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of heart disease diagnosis and management, especially within the context of rural healthcare, as well as discuss the benefits, issues and solutions of implementing deep learning algorithms to improve the efficacy of relevant medical applications.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among staffs in specialized healthcare centre

Ibrahim NI, Mohanadas D

Work, 2012;41 Suppl 1:2452-60.
PMID: 22317086 DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0480-2452

This study was conducted to investigate pervasiveness of the musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) among staffs in a specialized healthcare centre. Sixty-eight staffs from three departments namely Cardiovascular Lab (CVL), Nuclear Radiology, and General Radiography were recruited in this study. A modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was distributed among study population. The result shows that the prevalence of MSD was highest in lower back (88.2%), neck (76.5%) and shoulder (60.3%) for the past 12 months followed by lower back and elbow (44.1%), and wrist (39.1%) correspondingly, for the past 7 days. Present results suggest that healthcare professionals - radiographers, patient assistants and nurses incurs MSD risks through work tasks as well as psychosocial factors. These include awkward posture during patient handling, workload, work stress and time pressure. Therefore, an ergonomics improvement on the job design and workspace are needed in order to reduce the MSD risks.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities*
Availability, Utilization, and Health Providers' Attitudes Towards Safe Abortion Services in Public Health Facilities of a District in West Bengal, India

Pyne S, Ravindran TKS

Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle), 2020;1(1):80-88.
PMID: 33786477 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2019.0007

Background:
The provision of safe abortion services upholds the realization of justice in sexual and reproductive health. Many state-level studies in India have identified poor availability of abortion services in the public sector and negative attitudes toward abortion among health providers, as potential barriers to access.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done to document the availability and utilization of medical termination of pregnancy (MTP or abortion) services and to assess public sector health providers' attitudes towards safe abortion. It was carried out in a representative district of West Bengal, using a facility checklist and a validated attitude scale.
Results:
Only 11 of 42 public health facilities had both trained doctors and equipment to provide MTP services. Twelve facilities provided MTP services, of which only three urban-based secondary-level facilities provided second trimester MTPs. There were female providers in just 2 of the 12 MTP-providing facilities. Among the 64 health providers interviewed, 40% were trained to provide MTP. According to the attitude scale, 38% had a negative attitude toward the provision of safe abortion services. There was no statistically significant association between attitudes of health providers and provision of MTP. However, there appeared to be a subtle process of gatekeeping in operation, such as making MTP conditional on acceptance of contraception, requiring the husband's consent, and so on.
Conclusions:
The study shows the poor availability of abortion services in public sector facilities in a district of West Bengal, although all public health facilities from the primary health center level upwards are authorized to provide abortion services.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Fulltext Health facility use by dengue patients in the Klang Valley, Malaysia: a secondary analysis of dengue surveillance data

Woon YL, Ng CW, Mudin RN, Suli Z

Western Pac Surveill Response J, 2019 05 21;10(2):39-45.
PMID: 31720053 DOI: 10.5365/wpsar.2019.10.1.001

Background: Dengue patients in Malaysia have the choice to seek care from either public or private sector providers. This study aims to analyse the pattern of health facility use among dengue patients to provide input for the ongoing policy discussion regarding public-private integration. The focus of this study is in the Klang Valley, which has a high dengue burden as well as a high number of private facilities.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using an available secondary data source - the Malaysian national dengue passive surveillance system, e-Dengue registry. A total of 61 455 serologically confirmed dengue cases from the Klang Valley, registered in year 2014, were included. We retrospectively examined the relationship between demographic factors and the choice of health-care sector by logistic regression.
Results: The median age of the cohort was 26 (interquartile range: 17 to 37) years. More private facilities (54.4%) were used for inpatient care; more public facilities (68.2%) were used for outpatient care. The Chinese and urban populations showed significantly higher use of the private health-care sector with an adjusted odds ratio of 4.8 [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.6-5.1] and 2.3 (95% CI: 2.2-2.4), respectively.
Conclusion: Both public and private health facilities bear significant responsibilities in delivering health-care services to dengue patients. The workload of both sectors should be included in future health policy planning by public agencies.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities/classification; Health Facilities/statistics & numerical data*
Clinical solid waste management practices and its impact on human health and environment--A review

Hossain MS, Santhanam A, Nik Norulaini NA, Omar AK

Waste Manag, 2011 Apr;31(4):754-66.
PMID: 21186116 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.11.008

The management of clinical solid waste (CSW) continues to be a major challenge, particularly, in most healthcare facilities of the developing world. Poor conduct and inappropriate disposal methods exercised during handling and disposal of CSW is increasing significant health hazards and environmental pollution due to the infectious nature of the waste. This article summarises a literature review into existing CSW management practices in the healthcare centers. The information gathered in this paper has been derived from the desk study of open literature survey. Numerous researches have been conducted on the management of CSW. Although, significant steps have been taken on matters related to safe handling and disposal of the clinical waste, but improper management practice is evident from the point of initial collection to the final disposal. In most cases, the main reasons of the mismanagement of CSW are the lack of appropriate legislation, lack of specialized clinical staffs, lack of awareness and effective control. Furthermore, most of the healthcare centers of the developing world have faced financial difficulties and therefore looking for cost effective disposal methods of clinical waste. This paper emphasizes to continue the recycle-reuse program of CSW materials after sterilization by using supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SF-CO2) sterilization technology at the point of initial collection. Emphasis is on the priority to inactivate the infectious micro-organisms in CSW. In that case, waste would not pose any threat to healthcare workers. The recycling-reuse program would be carried out successfully with the non-specialized clinical staffs. Therefore, the adoption of SF-CO2 sterilization technology in management of clinical solid waste can reduce exposure to infectious waste, decrease labor, lower costs, and yield better compliance with regulatory. Thus healthcare facilities can both save money and provide a safe environment for patients, healthcare staffs and clinical staffs.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities*
Concentrated specimen smear microscopy utilising a polymer membrane sandwich filtration vessel for the detection of acid-fast bacilli in health facilities in Sabah, East Malaysia

Paul DC, Ngeow YF, Yap SF, Dony JF, Avoi R, Mohammad R, et al.

Tuberculosis (Edinb), 2022 Mar;133:102183.
PMID: 35180496 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2022.102183

A simple, ready-to-use concentrated specimen smear microscopy method employing a nanometer silicon polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer membrane sandwich filtration vessel to concentrate acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in samples (SFV-CSSM, Hunan-Tech New Medical System Co. Ltd. China) was compared with direct sputum smear microscopy (DSSM) to determine its performance using culture on modified Ogawa agar as reference. The results for 4114 clinical samples collected from health facilities in Sabah were interpreted with reference to culture results, sample collection-transportation conditions and clinical data including responses to anti-TB drug treatment. The SFV-CSSM showed higher sensitivity than DSSM (79.4% versus 60.5%) and less background interference. Its ability to detect low levels of AFB at an affordable cost makes it an excellent tool for the screening of pauci-bacillary samples as well as for active case finding in TB control programs.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Some beliefs and practices affecting the health of the aborigines (Orang Asli) of Bukit Lanjan, West Malaysia

Foong-San S

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1972 Jun;3(2):267-76.
PMID: 4343262
Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Fulltext Perception of integrating complementary and alternative medicine practice in patient's treatment among the healthcare practitioners: a systematic review

Aizuddin AN, Zamzuri M'IA, Mansor J, Nurumal SR, Yunus SZSA, Razak MAA, et al.

Pan Afr Med J, 2022;43:19.
PMID: 36451723 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.19.31133

There is a growing trend in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) usage among the population with medical conditions. However, there is hesitancy for medical practitioners to integrate its application with the current treatment modality, despite governance by the authority. Hence, our objective is to systematically evaluate the healthcare perception towards integrating CAM in their practices. We systematically searched three large and renowned databases i.e., Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed, regarding "Perception on Integrating CAM Usage in Patient's Treatment among Healthcare Practitioners" from 2016 until 2020. At least two independent reviewers comprehensively screened and extracted the data from the accepted articles. A total of 15 studies were included in the final qualitative synthesis following a strict and rigorous assessment checked using MMAT 2018 checklist. The studies included providing the richness of information due to the qualitative nature of the study design. There were three main domains extracted i.e. knowledge, attitude, and perspective of the healthcare practitioner towards CAM integration. Limited knowledge of CAM among healthcare providers may be the possible main reason for non-supportive attitude and negative perspective on CAM. However, those who showed an inclination towards CAM were found to be more open and ready to learn about CAM if it provides benefits to the patients. There is a heterogeneity of perception towards CAM integration from healthcare providers' point of view. A proactive and systematic CAM literacy awareness program may help to improve their understanding and possibly gain more trust in its application.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities*
Fulltext Transnasal oesophagoscopy: the feasibility and potential impact on service provision of an office based procedure for upper gastrointestinal disorders in Malaysia

Philip R, Junainah S, Maharita AR

Med J Malaysia, 2014 Aug;69(4):162-5.
PMID: 25500843 MyJurnal

A Health Technology Assessment (HTA) was conducted in 2011 to evaluate whether transnasal oesophagoscopy (TNE) should be made available at otorhinolaryngology (ORL) clinics in the Ministry of Health facilities. The safety, efficacy or effectiveness and economic implication of using transnasal oesophagoscopy (TNE) were reviewed. This review provides a summary of the HTA and an updated literature review as well as how this technology might potentially affect services in the Ministry of Health.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Fulltext Dialysis provision in Malaysia

Lim TO, Lee DG, Zaki M

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Jun;55(2):188-95.
PMID: 19839147

We determined the provision for dialysis treatment in Malaysia. There were 181 dialysis centres as at 1st June 1999 (161 Haemodialysis (HD) and 20 Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) centres), providing treatment for 5614 patients. This is equivalent to an estimated prevalence rate of 253 patients per million population (pmp) and new dialysis acceptance rate of 49 patients pmp. Dialysis facilities were widely distributed throughout the country though rather unevenly among states. Penang, Selangor/KL, Malacca led with number of dialysis patients pmp ranging from 417 to 480. Kelantan and Sabah had the lowest provision with 51 and 64 patients pmp respectively. There were more centres and HD capacity in the private sector while the Non-Government Organisation and public sectors had about the same capacity. However the public sector had more patients on account of availability of CAPD and home HD services, as well as low HD capacity to patient ratio. The number ofcentres, HD capacity and patients have increased rapidly especially since 1991; the estimated growth rates were 16.5 centres/year, 658 capacity/year, and 392 patients/year respectively. There was also a trend toward increasing over-capacity in the private and NGO sectors. In conclusion, the level of dialysis provision is increasing, indicating increasing accessibility of dialysis treatment in Malaysia. Over-capacity is a concern in the private and NGO sectors. Thus funding agencies should be encouraged to source provision from those sectors. The public sector still has the crucial role of providing for under-served areas in the country.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities/supply & distribution*
Fulltext A comparative study on the service profiles and practice facilities among urban general practices in east and west Malaysia

Khoo EM

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Sep;55(3):341-6.
PMID: 11200714

1171 urban general practices in East and West Malaysia were compared regarding their service profiles and practice facilities. In general, practices in both parts put important emphasis on preventive health care. More practices in East Malaysia were providing hormone replacement therapy and sexually transmitted diseases services but less were providing intrapartum care, counselling services including sexual and marital counselling and problems associated with social deviance such as alcohol and drug abuse. Although most practices in East Malaysia were solo practices, they were more comprehensive in terms of the provision of practice facilities when compared to those in West Malaysia. A greater number of them had ultrasound facilities, peak flow meters, ECG machines, computers and blood biochemistry facilities.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities*
Patient reactions to a modern teaching hospital in a developing country

Wagner NN, Adiseshan N

Med J Aust, 1968 Mar 9;1(10):422.
PMID: 5645273
Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Fulltext Neurosciences at Universiti Sains Malaysia Represent Malaysia to Support Global Precision Brain Health

Abdullah JM

Malays J Med Sci, 2019 May;26(3):1-23.
PMID: 31303847 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.3.1

The combined effort of the neuroscience and psychology cluster at the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)-fundamental, applied and clinical-has moved the institution to the number two position in the country, behind Universiti Malaya. The strategy to join the Global Brain Consortium (GBC) and put Malaysia on the map to address the GBC mission, vision, focus areas and outcomes began recently, in May 2019.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Fulltext Formulating a Need-Based Faculty Development Model for Medical Schools in Indonesia

Ambarsarie R, Mustika R, Soemantri D

Malays J Med Sci, 2019 Nov;26(6):90-100.
PMID: 31908590 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.6.9

Background: The focus of medical schools in developing countries is on fulfilling a quantity of faculty members. A faculty development model will help formulate programmes that accommodate faculty members' needs as well as institutional demands. This study aims to formulate a faculty development model relevant for medical schools in developing countries, specifically Indonesia.
Methods: This is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. It starts with a literature review using large databases, followed by interviews with 10 representative experts from medical schools in Indonesia.
Results: Based on the 10 studies retrieved, several components of faculty development were identified as the basis for the model. Ten experts gave input for the model. Components of the model can be grouped into: (i) content, which is materials that need to be delivered; (ii) process components, which depict aspects related to the preparation, execution and evaluation of sustainable faculty development; and (iii) components in the educational system that affect faculty development implementation.
Conclusion: A comprehensive review and development process has likely made this faculty development model suitable for medical schools in Indonesia. Breaking the model into components may help medical schools to prioritise certain aspects related to faculty development programmes.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Fulltext Health and Economic Impact of COVID-19: Mapping the Consequences of a Pandemic in Malaysia

Shakeel S, Ahmed Hassali MA, Abbas Naqvi A

Malays J Med Sci, 2020 Mar;27(2):159-164.
PMID: 32788851 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.2.16

The World Health Organization (WHO) has termed the novel coronavirus infection a pandemic based on number of confirmed cases in more than 195 countries and with risk of further spread. The infection has had drastic impact on global trade and stock markets. The Malaysian authorities realised the need to ensure availability of health resources and facilities in the country so that the healthcare professionals could treat serious cases on priority basis. Steps have been taken to ensure that health facilities are not overwhelmed with cases and do not become the source of virus spread to other healthcare staff and patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Fulltext Knowledge and Practice on Injection Safety among Primary Health Care Workers in Kaski District, Western Nepal

Gyawali S, Rathore DS, Shankar PR, Kc VK, Jha N, Sharma D

Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Jan;23(1):44-55.
PMID: 27540325

BACKGROUND: Unsafe injection practice can transmit various blood borne infections. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of injection safety among injection providers, to obtain information about disposal of injectable devices, and to compare the knowledge and practices of urban and rural injection providers.

METHODS: The study was conducted with injection providers working at primary health care facilities within Kaski district, Nepal. Ninety-six health care workers from 69 primary health care facilities were studied and 132 injection events observed. A semi-structured checklist was used for observing injection practice and a questionnaire for the survey. Respondents were interviewed to complete the questionnaire and obtain possible explanations for certain observed behaviors.

RESULTS: All injection providers knew of at least one pathogen transmitted through use/re-use of unsterile syringes. Proportion of injection providers naming hepatitis/jaundice as one of the diseases transmitted by unsafe injection practice was significantly higher in urban (75.6%) than in rural (39.2%) area. However, compared to urban respondents (13.3%), a significantly higher proportion of rural respondents (37.3%) named Hepatitis B specifically as one of the diseases transmitted. Median (inter-quartile range) number of therapeutic injection and injectable vaccine administered per day by the injection providers were 2 (1) and 1 (1), respectively. Two handed recapping by injection providers was significantly higher in urban area (33.3%) than in rural areas (21.6%). Most providers were not aware of the post exposure prophylaxis guideline.

CONCLUSION: The knowledge of the injection providers about safe injection practice was acceptable. The use of safe injection practice by providers in urban and rural health care facilities was almost similar. The deficiencies noted in the practice must be addressed.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Fulltext Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Malay Version of the Confusion, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS-6) among Myocardial Infarction Survivors in a Malaysian Cardiac Healthcare Facility

Ganasegeran K, Selvaraj K, Rashid A

Malays J Med Sci, 2017 Aug;24(4):39-46.
PMID: 28951688 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.4.5

BACKGROUND: The six item Confusion, Hubbub and Order Scale (CHAOS-6) has been validated as a reliable tool to measure levels of household disorder. We aimed to investigate the goodness of fit and reliability of a new Malay version of the CHAOS-6.
METHODS: The original English version of the CHAOS-6 underwent forward-backward translation into the Malay language. The finalised Malay version was administered to 105 myocardial infarction survivors in a Malaysian cardiac health facility. We performed confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) using structural equation modelling. A path diagram and fit statistics were yielded to determine the Malay version's validity. Composite reliability was tested to determine the scale's reliability.
RESULTS: All 105 myocardial infarction survivors participated in the study. The CFA yielded a six-item, one-factor model with excellent fit statistics. Composite reliability for the single factor CHAOS-6 was 0.65, confirming that the scale is reliable for Malay speakers.
CONCLUSION: The Malay version of the CHAOS-6 was reliable and showed the best fit statistics for our study sample. We thus offer a simple, brief, validated, reliable and novel instrument to measure chaos, the Skala Kecelaruan, Keriuhan & Tertib Terubahsuai (CHAOS-6), for the Malaysian population.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Fulltext Health major incident : the experiences of mobile medical team during major flood

Ahmad R, Mohamad Z, Noh AY, Mohamad N, Hamzah MS, Mohammed NA, et al.

Malays J Med Sci, 2008 Apr;15(2):47-51.
PMID: 22589626 MyJurnal

Disaster is a sudden event that associated with ecological changes, disruption of normal daily activities, destruction of infrastructures, loss of properties, and medical disabilities. In disaster, there is a mismatch between available resources and patients need for healthcare service. During flood disaster, the victims were predisposed to different type of illnesses for various reasons such as inadequate supply of clean water, poor sanitation or drainage system, unhealthy foods, and over-crowded relief centers. Mobile clinic is an option for delivering medical care for the disaster victims who often have a difficulty to access to the medical facilities. In this article we would like to share our experiences during the provision of humanitarian services for flood victims at District of Muar Johor. Common illnesses among the flood victims at visited relief centers and advantages of Mobile Medical Relief Team were also highlighted and discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Fulltext Drug utilization review of potassium chloride injection formulations available in a private hospital in kuching, sarawak, malaysia

Melissa MH, Azmi S

Malays J Med Sci, 2013 Jul;20(4):47-55.
PMID: 24043996 MyJurnal

The concentrated potassium chloride injection is a high-alert medication and replacing it with a pre-mixed formulation can reduce the risks associated with its use. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of patients receiving different potassium chloride formulations available at a private institution. The study also assessed the effectiveness and safety of pre-mixed formulations in the correction of hypokalaemia.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities
Is reduced susceptibility to disinfectants and antiseptics a risk in healthcare settings? A point/counterpoint review

Harbarth S, Tuan Soh S, Horner C, Wilcox MH

J Hosp Infect, 2014 Aug;87(4):194-202.
PMID: 24996517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2014.04.012

Given the breadth and depth of antiseptic use, it is surprising how few large-scale studies have been undertaken into the consequences of their use, particularly in clinical practice. Depending on your point of view, this may either reflect an assurance that reduced susceptibility to antiseptics, and notably whether this confers cross-resistance to systemically administered antimicrobial agents, is not an issue of concern, or relative ignorance about the potential threat.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Facilities*

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