METHODS: Fifty-two patients with colorectal cancer were randomized at four weeks after surgery to receive either a placebo (n = 25) or 30 billion colony-forming unit (CFU) of a mixture of six viable strains including 107 mg of Lactobacillus acidophilus BCMC® 12,130, Lactobacillus lactis BCMC® 12,451, Lactobacillus casei subsp BCMC® 12,313, Bifidobacterium longum BCMC® 02120, Bifidobacterium bifidum BCMC® 02290 and Bifidobacterium infantis BCMC® 02129 (n = 27). Patients were instructed to take the product orally twice daily for six months. Infection status, diarrhea or hospital admission were recorded throughout the study. Blood was taken pre- and post-intervention to measure TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-17C and IL-22 using ELISA multiplex kit.
RESULTS: The majority of cases (~ 70%) were in Duke's C colorectal cancer for both groups. No surgical infection occurred and no antibiotics were required. Chemotherapy induced diarrhea was observed in both groups. Significant reduction in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-17C and IL-22 were observed in CRC patients who received probiotics as compared to pre-treatment level (P
METHODS: The probiotic characteristics of Ld45E were evaluated by examining its morphology, pH tolerance, adhesive ability onto HeLa cells, hemolytic activity, antibiotic susceptibility, and autoaggregation ability. Then, the antimicrobial activity of Ld45E was determined using Ld45E culture, cell-free supernatant, and crude bacteriocin solution. Co-aggregation and competition ability assays against various pathogens were conducted. The immunoregulatory effects of Ld45E were analyzed by measuring the proinflammatory cytokine IL-17. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistical significance.
RESULTS: Ld45E is 3-5 mm in diameter and round with a flat-shaped colony. pH 4 and 4.5 were the most favorable range for Ld45E growth within 12 h of incubation. Ld45E showed a strong adhesion ability onto HeLa cells (86%) and negative hemolytic activities. Ld45E was also sensitive to ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline. We found that it had a good autoaggregation ability of 80%. Regarding antagonistic properties, Ld45E culture showed strong antimicrobial activity against GBS, E. coli, and Klebsiella spp. but only a moderate effect on C. parapsilosis. Cell-free supernatant of Ld45E exerted the most potent inhibitory effects at 40 °C against all genital pathogens, whereas bacteriocin showed a robust inhibition at 37 °C and 40 °C. The highest co-aggregation affinity was observed with GBS (81%) and E. coli (40%). Competition ability against the adhesion of GBS (80%), E. coli (76%), Klebsiella (72%), and C. parapsilosis (58%) was found. Ld45E was able to reduce the induction of the proinflammatory protein IL-17.
CONCLUSIONS: Ld45E possessed antimicrobial and immunoregulatory properties, with better cell-on-cell activity than supernatant activity. Thus, Ld45E is a potential probiotic candidate for adjunct therapy to address vaginal infections.
Objective: To assess the association of IL-17AG197A and IL-17FA7488G polymorphisms with CRC risk.
Materials and Methods: We performed the genotyping by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method on blood samples from 80 healthy individuals and paraffin-embedded tumor tissues from 70 CRC patients.
Results: Our study showed that IL-17A197AA genotype was significantly associated with an increased CRC risk with odds ratios of 6.08 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.25-16.42, P < 0.001) and 2.80 (95% CI: 1.23-6.35, P = 0.014), in comparison with GG and AG genotypes, respectively. However, IL-17FA7488G polymorphism was not significantly associated with CRC risk (P = 0.102). No significant association of IL-17AG197A and IL-17FA7488G polymorphisms with patient and tumor variables was found.
Conclusion: This report from Malaysia shows the relationship of IL-17A197AA genotype with susceptibility to CRC.
DESIGN: A case-control study.
METHODS: This study received ethical approval (NMRR Research ID 23957) and informed consent was obtained from all participants. It involved 20 participants with 20 samples of pterygium and 20 samples of normal conjunctiva that were obtained from the same eye of each participant. All the participants underwent history taking, slit lamp examination, and pterygium excision surgery. Both samples underwent immunohistochemistry procedure. Pretreatment procedure was conducted using heat-induced epitope retrieval with PT link, subsequently followed by EnVision FLEX staining procedure and incubation with anti‒IL-17 antibody and anti‒IL-23 antibody. Slides were examined in high-power fields (400x) for both samples in 3 different fields. Total positive stained cell counts in all 3 fields with IL-17 and IL-23 between pterygium and normal conjunctiva were analyzed by using Wilcoxon signed rank test.
RESULTS: IL-17 positive cell counts for normal conjunctiva showed mean 196.10 ± 80.487 but for pterygium was 331.10 ± 108.416. As for IL-23, the mean for positive cell counts for normal conjunctiva was 62.10 ± 33.462 and IL-23 positive cell counts for pterygium showed mean 102.95 ± 41.378. Both IL-17 and IL-23 were significantly increased in pterygium compared with normal conjunctiva (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Both IL-17 and IL-23 were found to be significantly higher in the pterygium group than in the normal conjunctiva group with P < 0.001 by Wilcoxon signed rank test.