MyMedR

Fulltext 405 cases of bronchial brushing cytology: an evaluation

Ngen RMY, Cheong I, Yahaya O

Med J Malaysia, 1985 Jun;40(2):98-100.

405 cases of bronchial brushing cytology were evaluated for its effectiveness in detecting pulmonary carcinoma. Cytohistologic findings were correlated whenever endoscopic biopsies were performed. Sputum cytological investigations were also included in this paper to examine the total diagnostic sensitivity of all the three methods combined.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Fulltext Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer

Liam CK, Lim KH, Wong MM

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Dec;56(4):514-31; quiz 532.

PMID: 12014776

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Fulltext Lung cancer staging now and in the future

Liam CK, Andarini S, Lee P, Ho JC, Chau NQ, Tscheikuna J

Respirology, 2015 May;20(4):526-34.

PMID: 25682805 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12489

For a long time lung cancer was associated with a fatalistic approach by healthcare professionals. In recent years, advances in imaging, improved diagnostic techniques and more effective treatment modalities are reasons for optimism. Accurate lung cancer staging is vitally important because treatment options and prognosis differ significantly by stage. The staging algorithm should include a contrast computed tomography (CT) of the chest and the upper abdomen including adrenals, positron emission tomography/CT for staging the mediastinum and to rule out extrathoracic metastasis in patients considered for surgical resection, endosonography-guided needle sampling procedure replacing mediastinoscopy for near complete mediastinal staging, and brain imaging as clinically indicated. Applicability of evidence-based guidelines for staging of lung cancer depends on the available expertise and level of resources and is directly impacted by financial issues. Considering the diversity of healthcare infrastructure and economic performance of Asian countries, optimal and cost-effective use of staging methods appropriate to the available resources is prudent. The pulmonologist plays a central role in the multidisciplinary approach to lung cancer diagnosis, staging and management. Regional respiratory societies such as the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology should work with national respiratory societies to strive for uniform standards of care. For developing countries, a minimum set of care standards should be formulated. Cost-effective delivery of optimal care for lung cancer patients, including staging within the various healthcare systems, should be encouraged and most importantly, tobacco control implementation should receive an absolute priority status in all countries in Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) guided transbronchial cryobiopsy in the diagnosis of peripheral solitary pulmonary nodule

Kho SS, Tie ST

Med J Malaysia, 2019 08;74(4):349-351.

PMID: 31424050

Solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) always raises suspicion for early lung cancer, in which accurate and less invasive biopsy is needed. We report a case of transbronchial cryobiopsy of right upper lobe SPN under radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) guidance after an inconclusive computed tomography guided transthoracic needle aspiration. A diagnosis of Stage 1B adenocarcinoma of the lung was made. Patient subsequently underwent curative right upper lobectomy after ruling out mediastinal lymph node involvement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of R-EBUS guided transbronchial cryobiopsy case reported from Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Mediastinal melioidosis masquerading as malignancy of the lung

Kho SS, Ho YF, Chan SK, Tie ST

Lancet, 2021 03 13;397(10278):e8.

PMID: 33714391 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00200-2

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

The great masquerade: Empyema thoracis as an unusual presentation of primary lung malignancy

Nyanti LE, Kho SS, Tie ST

Med J Malaysia, 2019 02;74(1):79-81.

PMID: 30846667

Primary lung malignancy presenting as empyema is rare, with a reported incidence of 0.3%. We report a case of a 60- year-old man presenting with unilateral pleural effusion; diagnostic thoracocentesis confirmed Salmonella empyema. Post-drainage, chest radiograph showed persisting right hemithorax opacity; subsequent computed tomography revealed a right lung mass with right upper lobe bronchus obliteration. Percutaneous biopsy confirmed advanced stage lung adenocarcinoma. We discuss the mechanism of post-obstructive pneumonia in lung cancerassociated empyema and the utility of bedside ultrasound in diagnosis of lung masses. Clinicians are alerted to the possibility of lung malignancy in elderly patients presenting with empyema.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

A lung full of Cheerios

Kho SS, Yong MC, Chan SK, Tie ST

Thorax, 2018 10;73(10):994-995.

PMID: 29599199 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-211729

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Electro-navigational bronchoscopy for bilateral peripheral lung lesions: A case report

Faisal AH, Sopian AW, Tidi H

Med J Malaysia, 2017 08;72(4):241-243.

PMID: 28889136 MyJurnal

Electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB), one of the methods of navigational bronchoscopy is an advanced diagnostic tool allowing tissue sampling at the lung peripheries which were previously accessible only by computed tomography (CT) guidance or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). We report a 53-year-old man who presented with a cough and dyspnea with constitutional symptoms for one month. CT thorax revealed multiple bilateral peripheral lung nodules and there were no endobronchial lesions on flexible bronchoscopy. ENB was performed using a loan machine from Veran navigational technology. Biopsy successfully revealed small cell carcinoma of the lung thus preventing him from undergoing a more invasive diagnostic procedure. This case highlights the utility of ENB in the evaluation of peripheral lung nodules that were inaccessible by conventional bronchoscopy. This is one of the first few successful applications of Veran ENB in Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Fulltext Molecular testing for advanced non-small cell lung cancer in Malaysia: Consensus statement from the College of Pathologists, Academy of Medicine Malaysia, the Malaysian Thoracic Society, and the Malaysian Oncological Society

Rajadurai P, Cheah PL, How SH, Liam CK, Annuar MAA, Omar N, et al.

Lung Cancer, 2019 10;136:65-73.

PMID: 31446227 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.08.005

In the recent years, increased understanding of the molecular profiles of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has allowed for targeted treatment of actionable genetic mutations. The management of NSCLC now requires multiple molecular tests to guide the treatment strategy. In the light of this, there is a need to establish a molecular testing consensus statement for advanced NSCLC patients in Malaysia. This Malaysian consensus statement was developed by a panel of experts, chaired by a pathologist and composed of three other pathologists, four respiratory physicians and three oncologists. It reflects currently available scientific data and adaptations of recommendations from international guidelines to the local landscape. Expert recommendations on different aspects of molecular testing agreed upon by the panel are provided as structured discussions. These recommendations address the appropriate patients and samples to be tested, as well as when and how these tests should be performed. The algorithms for molecular testing in metastatic NSCLC, in the first line setting and upon disease progression beyond first line therapy, were developed.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Effect of time delay on survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer--a Malaysian study

Loh LC, Chan LY, Tan RY, Govindaraju S, Ratnavelu K, Kumar S, et al.

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2006;18(1):69-71.

PMID: 16629441

The prognosis of lung cancer remains poor with overall five year survival figures varying between five and 10% worldwide, However, it has been shown that surgery in patients with early stage disease in non-small cell lung cancer can achieve five year survival rates up to 80%, suggesting that early or delay diagnosis can influence prognosis. Nevertheless, studies addressing this have been inconclusive and mostly derived from Western countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Inter-observer Variability Analysis of Automatic Lung Delineation in Normal and Disease Patients

Saba L, Than JC, Noor NM, Rijal OM, Kassim RM, Yunus A, et al.

J Med Syst, 2016 Jun;40(6):142.

PMID: 27114353 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-016-0504-7

Human interaction has become almost mandatory for an automated medical system wishing to be accepted by clinical regulatory agencies such as Food and Drug Administration. Since this interaction causes variability in the gathered data, the inter-observer and intra-observer variability must be analyzed in order to validate the accuracy of the system. This study focuses on the variability from different observers that interact with an automated lung delineation system that relies on human interaction in the form of delineation of the lung borders. The database consists of High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT): 15 normal and 81 diseased patients' images taken retrospectively at five levels per patient. Three observers manually delineated the lungs borders independently and using software called ImgTracer™ (AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, USA) to delineate the lung boundaries in all five levels of 3-D lung volume. The three observers consisted of Observer-1: lesser experienced novice tracer who is a resident in radiology under the guidance of radiologist, whereas Observer-2 and Observer-3 are lung image scientists trained by lung radiologist and biomedical imaging scientist and experts. The inter-observer variability can be shown by comparing each observer's tracings to the automated delineation and also by comparing each manual tracing of the observers with one another. The normality of the tracings was tested using D'Agostino-Pearson test and all observers tracings showed a normal P-value higher than 0.05. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test between three observers and automated showed a P-value higher than 0.89 and 0.81 for the right lung (RL) and left lung (LL), respectively. The performance of the automated system was evaluated using Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), Jaccard Index (JI) and Hausdorff (HD) Distance measures. Although, Observer-1 has lesser experience compared to Obsever-2 and Obsever-3, the Observer Deterioration Factor (ODF) shows that Observer-1 has less than 10% difference compared to the other two, which is under acceptable range as per our analysis. To compare between observers, this study used regression plots, Bland-Altman plots, two tailed T-test, Mann-Whiney, Chi-Squared tests which showed the following P-values for RL and LL: (i) Observer-1 and Observer-3 were: 0.55, 0.48, 0.29 for RL and 0.55, 0.59, 0.29 for LL; (ii) Observer-1 and Observer-2 were: 0.57, 0.50, 0.29 for RL and 0.54, 0.59, 0.29 for LL; (iii) Observer-2 and Observer-3 were: 0.98, 0.99, 0.29 for RL and 0.99, 0.99, 0.29 for LL. Further, CC and R-squared coefficients were computed between observers which came out to be 0.9 for RL and LL. All three observers however manage to show the feature that diseased lungs are smaller than normal lungs in terms of area.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Fulltext A rare case of middle mediastinal thymoma mimicking left lower lobe lung tumor

Venayaga K, Ooi JSM, Shabir B

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Oct;60(4):508-10.

PMID: 16570719

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Lung cancer: I. Presenting clinical features

Ashoka Menon M, Saw Huat Seong

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Mar;33(3):230-4.

PMID: 522728

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Fulltext Bilateral spontaneous persistent open pneumothorax with chylothorax

Khajotia R, Raman S

Can Fam Physician, 2012 Jul;58(7):757-60.

PMID: 22859639

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Fulltext Tissue and Plasma EGFR Mutation Analysis in the FLAURA Trial: Osimertinib versus Comparator EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor as First-Line Treatment in Patients with EGFR-Mutated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Gray JE, Okamoto I, Sriuranpong V, Vansteenkiste J, Imamura F, Lee JS, et al.

Clin Cancer Res, 2019 Nov 15;25(22):6644-6652.

PMID: 31439584 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-1126

PURPOSE: To assess the utility of the cobas EGFR Mutation Test, with tissue and plasma, for first-line osimertinib therapy for patients with EGFR-mutated (EGFRm; Ex19del and/or L858R) advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the FLAURA study (NCT02296125).

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Tumor tissue EGFRm status was determined at screening using the central cobas tissue test or a local tissue test. Baseline circulating tumor (ct)DNA EGFRm status was retrospectively determined with the central cobas plasma test.

RESULTS: Of 994 patients screened, 556 were randomized (289 and 267 with central and local EGFR test results, respectively) and 438 failed screening. Of those randomized from local EGFR test results, 217 patients had available central test results; 211/217 (97%) were retrospectively confirmed EGFRm positive by central cobas tissue test. Using reference central cobas tissue test results, positive percent agreements with cobas plasma test results for Ex19del and L858R detection were 79% [95% confidence interval (CI), 74-84] and 68% (95% CI, 61-75), respectively. Progression-free survival (PFS) superiority with osimertinib over comparator EGFR-TKI remained consistent irrespective of randomization route (central/local EGFRm-positive tissue test). In both treatment arms, PFS was prolonged in plasma ctDNA EGFRm-negative (23.5 and 15.0 months) versus -positive patients (15.2 and 9.7 months).

CONCLUSIONS: Our results support utility of cobas tissue and plasma testing to aid selection of patients with EGFRm advanced NSCLC for first-line osimertinib treatment. Lack of EGFRm detection in plasma was associated with prolonged PFS versus patients plasma EGFRm positive, potentially due to patients having lower tumor burden.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis

A case of pulmonary tuberculosis masquerading as lung carcinoma

Tan KT, Kannan SK, Rajahram GS

Med J Malaysia, 2019 12;74(6):547-548.

PMID: 31929486

Tuberculosis is a nimble chameleon. It can manifest itself in various ways with atypical clinical and radiographic findings. In this report we discuss the importance of radiographic findings (nodular or mass-like forms) requiring a correlation with microbiological and histopathological results to differentiate lung cancer from TB.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Fulltext Diagnostic yield of flexible bronchoscopic procedures in lung cancer patients according to tumour location

Liam CK, Pang YK, Poosparajah S

Singapore Med J, 2007 Jul;48(7):625-31.

PMID: 17609823

This study aims to determine whether the diagnostic yield of flexible bronchoscopy sampling procedures in patients with lung cancer was dependent on tumour location.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Multidimensional (0D-3D) nanostructures for lung cancer biomarker analysis: Comprehensive assessment on current diagnostics

Ramanathan S, Gopinath SCB, Md Arshad MK, Poopalan P

Biosens Bioelectron, 2019 Sep 15;141:111434.

PMID: 31238281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111434

The pragmatic outcome of a lung cancer diagnosis is closely interrelated in reducing the number of fatal death caused by the world's top cancerous disease. Regardless of the advancement made in understanding lung tumor, and its multimodal treatment, in general the percentage of survival remain low. Late diagnosis of a cancerous cell in patients is the major hurdle for the above circumstances. In the new era of a lung cancer diagnosis with low cost, portable and non-invasive clinical sampling, nanotechnology is at its inflection point where current researches focus on the implementation of biosensor conjugated nanomaterials for the generation of the ideal sensing. The present review encloses the superiority of nanomaterials from zero to three-dimensional nanostructures in its discrete and nanocomposites nanotopography on sensing lung cancer biomarkers. Recent researches conducted on definitive nanomaterials and nanocomposites at multiple dimension with distinctive physiochemical property were focused to subside the cases associated with lung cancer through the development of novel biosensors. The hurdles encountered in the recent research and future preference with prognostic clinical lung cancer diagnosis using multidimensional nanomaterials and its composites are presented.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Fulltext EGFR mutation testing for squamous cell lung carcinoma

Liam CK, Leow HR, Pang YK

J Thorac Oncol, 2013 Dec;8(12):e114.

PMID: 24389448 DOI: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e3182a4e111

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Fulltext Robust radiogenomics approach to the identification of EGFR mutations among patients with NSCLC from three different countries using topologically invariant Betti numbers

Ninomiya K, Arimura H, Chan WY, Tanaka K, Mizuno S, Muhammad Gowdh NF, et al.

PLoS One, 2021;16(1):e0244354.

PMID: 33428651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244354

OBJECTIVES: To propose a novel robust radiogenomics approach to the identification of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using Betti numbers (BNs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) images of 194 multi-racial NSCLC patients (79 EGFR mutants and 115 wildtypes) were collected from three different countries using 5 manufacturers' scanners with a variety of scanning parameters. Ninety-nine cases obtained from the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) in Malaysia were used for training and validation procedures. Forty-one cases collected from the Kyushu University Hospital (KUH) in Japan and fifty-four cases obtained from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) in America were used for a test procedure. Radiomic features were obtained from BN maps, which represent topologically invariant heterogeneous characteristics of lung cancer on CT images, by applying histogram- and texture-based feature computations. A BN-based signature was determined using support vector machine (SVM) models with the best combination of features that maximized a robustness index (RI) which defined a higher total area under receiver operating characteristics curves (AUCs) and lower difference of AUCs between the training and the validation. The SVM model was built using the signature and optimized in a five-fold cross validation. The BN-based model was compared to conventional original image (OI)- and wavelet-decomposition (WD)-based models with respect to the RI between the validation and the test.

RESULTS: The BN-based model showed a higher RI of 1.51 compared with the models based on the OI (RI: 1.33) and the WD (RI: 1.29).

CONCLUSION: The proposed model showed higher robustness than the conventional models in the identification of EGFR mutations among NSCLC patients. The results suggested the robustness of the BN-based approach against variations in image scanner/scanning parameters.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 41 in total