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A simple pharmacopoeia for out-station skin clinics

Pettit JHS

Trop Doct, 1977 Jul;7(3):107-10.
PMID: 142324
Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy
Fulltext Do adolescents attending Bandar Mas primary care clinic consult health professionals for their common health problems?

Khairani O, Zaiton S, Faridah MN

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jun;60(2):134-9.
PMID: 16114152

The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of the common health problems namely acne, overweight, smoking and depressive symptoms among adolescents attending a primary healthcare clinic, whether they seek treatment for these problems and the reasons for not consulting health professionals. It was a clinic-based, crosssectional study. All adolescents aged 13 to 20 years who attended the clinic during the study period were included in the study. The respondents were given self-administered questionnaires and their weights were measured to assess if they had the above disorders. A total of 215 adolescents were included in the study. The proportion of adolescents who had acne were 70.7%, overweight 8.9%, smoking 41.9% and depressive symptoms 9.8%. Only 25% of those who had acne, 47% of those who were overweight, 9.5% who had depressive symptoms and none of those who smoked had ever sought treatment for these problems. The common reasons given for not consulting the health professionals were 'did not consider it as a problem', 'shy' and 'thought there was no treatment available'. The majority of the adolescents who attended the clinic did not consult health professionals the above common health problems. It is important to educate them on these disorders and encourage health-seeking behaviour in adolescents.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris
Fulltext Acne fulminans with dapsone induced haemolysis: a case report

Ismail R

Med J Malaysia, 1987 Jun;42(2):124-6.
PMID: 2971861

Acne is one of the most common disorders affecting mankind. Although acne does not cause death, it however produces a lot of discomfort, disfigurement and psychological trauma, particularly in teenagers. Acne vulgaris is a chronic condition involving the pilosebaceous unit of the skin. It is characterised by the presence of comedones, inflammatory papules, pustules or cysts, and eventually by scarring. The end result of acne varies from hyperpigmentation, slight pitting, to extremely disfiguring scars that may develop into keloids. Acne fulminans is a rare disorder and is characterised by sudden explosive appearance of highly inflammatory, tender, crusted, ulcerated lesions involving the back, chest and face. It is one of the most scarring acute dermatologic disorders of young people. A case of acne fulminans in a young female who developed haemolysis due to dapsone is reported here.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy*
Fulltext Acne vulgaris in a family practitioner's clinic

Goh CS

Med J Malaysia, 1981 Jun;36(2):87-8.
PMID: 6211594
Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy*
Perceptions and psychosocial judgement of patients with acne vulgaris

Loh KC, Chan LC, Phang LF

Med J Malaysia, 2020 01;75(1):18-23.
PMID: 32008014

INTRODUCTION: People often judge others and make decisions based on the physical appearance of an individual. This study assesses the perception and psychosocial judgment on patients with acne vulgaris compared to those with clear skin.
METHODS: This survey was conducted in Penang from October 2016 to June 2017. Respondents were those who were ≥18 years. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire which consists of three randomly selected facial pictures, with at least one acne skin and one clear skin picture.
RESULTS: A total of 435 respondents were recruited. Two third of the respondents (76%) suffered or had suffered from acne. The skin was the first thing noticed by 76.1% respondents when viewing pictures with acne compared with 24.8% with clear skin (p <0.05). People with acne were perceived as being unattractive, sad, lonely, distant, unhealthy, disheveled and shy as compared to people with clear skin (p<0.05). People with clear skin were perceived to be healthier, confident, happy, attractive, successful and intelligent (p<0.05). Respondents were more willing to engage socially with people with clear skin rather than those with acne skin. A significantly higher proportion of respondents were likely to hire or vote for those with clear skin as compared to acne skin. People with acne were also perceived to have a lower educational level and poorer leadership quality.
CONCLUSION: The results of this survey showed that there were significantly negative perception and psychological judgement toward individuals with acne vulgaris. These negative impacts may affect social life of the acne sufferers, their prospect of employment and career opportunities.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris/psychology*
Treatment of skin diseases: recent trends

Adam BA

Med J Malaysia, 1973 Mar;27(3):192-4.
PMID: 4268922
Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy
Risk factors for sebaceous gland diseases and their relationship to gastrointestinal dysfunction in Han adolescents

Zhang H, Liao W, Chao W, Chen Q, Zeng H, Wu C, et al.

J Dermatol, 2008 Sep;35(9):555-61.
PMID: 18837699 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2008.00523.x

Sebaceous gland diseases are a group of common dermatological diseases with multiple causes. To date, a systematic report of the risk factors for sebaceous gland diseases in adolescents has not been published. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors for certain sebaceous gland diseases (seborrhea, seborrheic dermatitis, acne, androgenetic alopecia and rosacea) and their relationship to gastrointestinal dysfunction in adolescents. From August-October, 2002-2005, a questionnaire survey was carried out to obtain epidemiological data about sebaceous gland diseases. Using random cluster sampling, 13 215 Han adolescents aged 12-20 years were recruited from four countries or districts (Macau; Guangzhou, China; Malaysia; and Indonesia). The statistical software SPSS ver. 13.0 was used to analyze the data. The prevalence of seborrhea, seborrheic dermatitis, acne, androgenetic alopecia and rosacea was 28.27%, 10.17%, 51.03%, 1.65% and 0.97%, respectively. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk factors for sebaceous gland diseases included: age; duration of local residency; halitosis; gastric reflux; abdominal bloating; constipation; sweet food; spicy food; family history of acne; late night sleeping on a daily basis; excessive axillary, body and facial hair; excessive periareolar hair; and anxiety. There was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms (halitosis; gastric reflux; abdominal bloating; constipation) between patients with and without sebaceous gland diseases (chi(2) = 150.743; P = 0.000). Gastrointestinal dysfunction is an important risk factor for diseases of the sebaceous glands and is correlated with their occurrence and development.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris*
Frequency and characteristics of acne-related post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation

Abad-Casintahan F, Chow SK, Goh CL, Kubba R, Hayashi N, Noppakun N, et al.

J Dermatol, 2016 Jul;43(7):826-8.
PMID: 26813513 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13263

In patients with darker skin types (Fitzpatrick phototypes III-VI), acne is often accompanied by post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Further, acne-related pigmentation can pose a greater concern for the patient than the acne lesions. There has been little formal study of this acne-related PIH. Recently, the Asian Acne Board - an international group of dermatologists with interest in acne research - made a preliminary evaluation of the frequency and characteristics of PIH in seven Asian countries. A total of 324 sequential acne subjects were evaluated for the presence of PIH. The majority (80.2%) of subjects had mild to moderate acne and there were more females than males (63.0% vs 37.0%). In this population of patients consulting a dermatologist for acne, 58.2% (188/324) had PIH. The results also showed that pigmentation problems are often long lasting: at least 1 year for more than half of subjects and 5 years or longer in 22.3%. In accordance with our clinical experience, patients reported that PIH is quite bothersome, often as bothersome or more so than the acne itself and sometimes more problematic. Excoriation was commonly reported by patients, and may represent a modifiable risk factor that could potentially be improved by patient education.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris/complications*; Acne Vulgaris/epidemiology
Fulltext South-East Asia study alliance guidelines on the management of acne vulgaris in South-East Asian patients

Goh CL, Abad-Casintahan F, Aw DC, Baba R, Chan LC, Hung NT, et al.

J Dermatol, 2015 Oct;42(10):945-53.
PMID: 26211507 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12993

The management of acne in South-East Asia is unique, as Asian skin and local variables require a clinical approach unlike that utilized in other parts of the world. There are different treatment guidelines per country in the region, and a group of leading dermatologists from these countries convened to review these guidelines, discuss current practices and recent advances, and formulate consensus guidelines to harmonize the management of acne vulgaris in the region. Emphasis has been placed on formulating recommendations to impede the development of antibiotic resistance in Propionibacterium acnes. The group adopted the Acne Consensus Conference system for grading acne severity. The group recommends that patients may be treated with topical medications including retinoids, benzoyl peroxide (BPO), salicylic acid, a combination of retinoid and BPO, or a combination of retinoids and BPO with or without antibiotics for mild acne; topical retinoid with topical BPO and a oral antibiotic for moderate acne; and oral isotretinoin if the patient fails first-line treatment (a 6- or 8-week trial of combined oral antibiotics and topical retinoids with BPO) for severe acne. Maintenance acne treatment using topical retinoids with or without BPO is recommended. To prevent the development of antibiotic resistance, topical antibiotics should not be used as monotherapy or used simultaneously with oral antibiotics. Skin care, comprised of cleansing, moisturizing and sun protection, is likewise recommended. Patient education and good communication is recommended to improve adherence, and advice should be given about the characteristics of the skin care products patients should use.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris*
A systematic review of benzoyl peroxide for acne vulgaris

Mohd Nor NH, Aziz Z

J Dermatolog Treat, 2013 Oct;24(5):377-86.
PMID: 22658322 DOI: 10.3109/09546634.2012.699179

OBJECTIVE: Comparative trials of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) have yielded contradictory results on its effectiveness for acne vulgaris. The aim of the study was to synthesise the evidence for the effectiveness of BPO-containing topical products for facial acne vulgaris.
DESIGN: Systematic review.
METHODS: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and other relevant databases were searched without publication date or language restriction.
RESULTS: We identified 22 trials involving 2212 participants; 12 trials compared BPO as single agent while the other 10 trials compared BPO in combination products. All trials reported lesion count as the outcome measure but only five trials provided numerical data. However, pooling of data from these trials was inappropriate due to variations between trials in terms of acne severity, comparator used and trial duration. Overall the study quality was fair but most studies had some bias particularly in method of random generation and allocation concealment. Although the results provide some evidence that BPO reduces acne-lesion count, the available evidence is not robust enough for firm conclusions.
CONCLUSIONS: There is no high quality evidence that topical BPO improves facial acne vulgaris, and further research is needed.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy*
A case of facial burn due to the misuse of garlic face mask for acne

Hisham A, Mohamed Sukur S, Basiron N

Australas J Dermatol, 2018 Nov;59(4):336-337.
PMID: 29377074 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12789
Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy*
Novel techniques for enhancement and segmentation of acne vulgaris lesions

Malik AS, Humayun J, Kamel N, Yap FB

Skin Res Technol, 2014 Aug;20(3):322-31.
PMID: 24329769 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12122

BACKGROUND: More than 99% acne patients suffer from acne vulgaris. While diagnosing the severity of acne vulgaris lesions, dermatologists have observed inter-rater and intra-rater variability in diagnosis results. This is because during assessment, identifying lesion types and their counting is a tedious job for dermatologists. To make the assessment job objective and easier for dermatologists, an automated system based on image processing methods is proposed in this study.
OBJECTIVES: There are two main objectives: (i) to develop an algorithm for the enhancement of various acne vulgaris lesions; and (ii) to develop a method for the segmentation of enhanced acne vulgaris lesions.
METHODS: For the first objective, an algorithm is developed based on the theory of high dynamic range (HDR) images. The proposed algorithm uses local rank transform to generate the HDR images from a single acne image followed by the log transformation. Then, segmentation is performed by clustering the pixels based on Mahalanobis distance of each pixel from spectral models of acne vulgaris lesions.
RESULTS: Two metrics are used to evaluate the enhancement of acne vulgaris lesions, i.e., contrast improvement factor (CIF) and image contrast normalization (ICN). The proposed algorithm is compared with two other methods. The proposed enhancement algorithm shows better result than both the other methods based on CIF and ICN. In addition, sensitivity and specificity are calculated for the segmentation results. The proposed segmentation method shows higher sensitivity and specificity than other methods.
CONCLUSION: This article specifically discusses the contrast enhancement and segmentation for automated diagnosis system of acne vulgaris lesions. The results are promising that can be used for further classification of acne vulgaris lesions for final grading of the lesions.
KEYWORDS: acne grading; acne lesions; acne vulgaris; enhancement; segmentation

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris/pathology*
Fulltext Acne analysis, grading and computational assessment methods: an overview

Ramli R, Malik AS, Hani AF, Jamil A

Skin Res Technol, 2012 Feb;18(1):1-14.
PMID: 21605170 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2011.00542.x

INTRODUCTION: This paper presents a comprehensive review of acne grading and measurement. Acne is a chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous units, with excess sebum production, follicular epidermal hyperproliferation, inflammation and Propionibacterium acnes activity. Most patients are affected with acne vulgaris, which is the prevalent type of acne. Acne vulgaris consists of comedones (whitehead and blackhead), papules, pustules, nodules and cysts.
OBJECTIVES: To review and identify the issues for acne vulgaris grading and computational assessment methods. To determine the future direction for addressing the identified issues.
METHODS: There are two main methods of assessment for acne severity grading, namely, lesion counting and comparison of patient with a photographic standard. For the computational assessment method, the emphasis is on computational imaging techniques.
RESULTS: Current acne grading methods are very time consuming and tedious. Generally, they rely on approximation for counting lesions and hence the assessment is quite subjective, with both inter and intra-observer variability. It is important to accurately assess acne grade to evaluate its severity as this influences treatment selection and assessment of response to therapy. This will further help in better disease management and more efficacious treatment.
CONCLUSION: Semi-automated or automated methods based on computational imaging techniques should be devised for acne grade assessment.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris/classification*; Acne Vulgaris/diagnosis*
Fulltext Homemade remedies causing contact dermatitis: case report on two patients with acne

Leelavathi, M., Mazlin, M.B., Adawiyah, J.

Medicine & Health, 2013;8(1):0-0.
MyJurnal

Natural products are often perceived as safe due to the absence of artificial or chemical materials in its content. However, many are unaware that some of these compounds, albeit natural in existence, can cause harm. Cinnamon and lemon are two commonly used home remedies for acne. Both these naturally existing ingredients are capable of producing dermatitis upon contact with the human skin. The aim of this article is to create awareness among physicians that natural remedies are not free from harm hence, should look out for any possible untoward reactions that these products may cause. Physicians need to explore the possible use of homemade remedies to treat common or minor ailments during history taking as this information may not be given voluntarily. Early identification of the offending agent, adequate management and future avoidance could help prevent further episodes of contact dermatitis and its complications.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris
Fulltext Acne disability, self management and help-seeking behaviour among medical students

Leelavathi M, Tan HC, Puah JWD, Apipi M, Sohami AE, Mahat NF

Medicine & Health, 2015;10(1):1-9.
MyJurnal

Acne can affect personal appearance and impair quality of life. A cross sectional study, over a period of 12 months was conducted among medical students at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia to evaluate the disability, self management and help-seeking behaviour of medical students for acne. A total of 361 students were selected using stratified cluster random sampling. Acne was graded using the Comprehensive Acne Severity Score (CASS) while acne disability was assessed using the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI). Acne self management and helpseeking behaviour was assessed using the acne management questionnaire. Mean CADI score was 3.35 + 2.39, with mostly mild (83.8%, n=206) and moderate (14.6%, n=36) levels of impairment. Female students and those from the nonMalay ethnic group demonstrated higher disability (3.76 + 2.24, p=0.006 and 3.79 + 2.59, p=0.018, respectively). Although the majority of students (87.4%, n=215) knew that acne can be treated, they preferred to discuss their acne problems with friends (54.1%, n=133) rather than consulting a physician (9.3%, n=23). Most of them also practiced non-evidence based measures for their acne. The results of the present study shows that young adults tend to have mild grades of acne severity and disability. However, efforts are needed to enhance their knowledge on evidence based management of acne and modify their help seeking behavior. This would help reduce complications such as permanent scars and improve quality of life, as acne is a treatable dermatological disorder.
Keywords: acne vulgaris, medical, disability, quality of life, students, severity, self care

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris
A prospective study of a monophasic oral contraceptive containing 30 mcg ethinyl oestradiol and 150 mcg desogestrel (Marvelon)

Ismail MT

Malays J Reprod Health, 1994 Jun;12(1):43-8.
PMID: 12320338

PIP: Marvelon, a monophasic oral contraceptive (OC) containing 30 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and 150 mcg of desogestrel, has been available to Malaysian women through the national family planning program since 1982. To assess the safety, effectiveness, and side effects associated with this OC, 247 women who requested the pill were enrolled in a multicenter prospective study that included follow-up after the first, third, and sixth cycles of use. 81% of participants had never used any form of contraception before Marvelon. 194 women (79%) completed the 6-month study. There were no pregnancies recorded. Although women reported a slightly increased incidence of nausea, breast tenderness, and headache in the first treatment cycle, these side effects had abated by the end of the third cycle. After six cycles, mean body weight had decreased by an average of 0.4 kg. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were unaffected. An unexpected finding was a decrease in the severity of acne with continuous use of Marvelon. Although both spotting and breakthrough bleeding increased slightly in the first two cycles, irregular bleeding returned to pretreatment levels by the third cycle. The length of the withdrawal bleed in the pill-free week was reduced. The incidence of irregular bleeding and other side effects was substantially lower in this sample of Malaysian women than in Asian and Caucasian Marvelon users surveyed in other studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris*
Fulltext Oral antibiotics in acne vulgaris: therapeutic response over 5 years

Adawiyah J, Gill P, Roshidah B

Malays Fam Physician, 2010;5(3):130-133.
PMID: 25606204 MyJurnal

Antibiotic resistant P. acnes have influenced acne therapy worldwide resulting in increased use of topical and systemic retinoids. Judicious use of oral antibiotic is important for effective therapeutic outcome. To determine the response and side effects of oral antibiotic treatment in acne vulgaris. To determine the type of antibiotic used, therapy duration and the types of concomitant topical therapy. Retrospective analysis of the therapeutic response to oral antibiotics therapy in acne vulgaris in the Dermatology Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur. New cases of acne vulgaris from 2005 to 2009 were randomly selected. The clinical notes of 250 patients treated with oral antibiotics were reviewed. About 60% of patients achieved good to excellent response to therapy while satisfactory response was seen in 26%. Only 8% patients experienced minor side effects. Doxycycline was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic, followed by tetracycline and erythromycin ethylsuccinate. The prescribing pattern was consistent over the years. The mean duration of treatment is four to five months. Oral antibiotic was augmented with topical therapy in 98.8% of patients. Good to excellent therapeutic response was achieved in the majority of patients and results observed have remained stable over the last five years.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris
Fulltext Efficacy and safety of azithromycin in moderate acne vulgaris

Navedur Rehman, Chin Chwen Ch’ng, Thavin Kumar Mathana Sundram, Eugenie Sin Sing Tan, Chew Kek Lee, Chung Keat Tan3

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(2):69-74.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis caused by Propionibacterium acnes. Clinicians are constantly attempting to discover the best antibiotic regimes in treating acne vulgaris. This study compares two regimens in terms of efficacy, tolerability, compliance and recurrence rate to make recommendation on which is the best regime. Methods: An open-labelled prospective randomized investigator-blinded interventional study was carried on moderate acne vulgaris patients. Patients were assigned to treatment arm at enrolment followed by fol- low-up and maintenance visits. Demographic data were collected at enrolment and questionnaire enquiring acne condition, general health and quality of life impairment were filled at every visit followed by blinded dermatologist assessment. Antibiotic tablets were provided based on assigned arm until follow-up 3. Results: 26 mild acne vulgaris patients aged 17 to 29 years were recruited. Physician assessment based on GAGS and photo assessment analysis showed an overall significant change (p0.05) were found between regimens. Similarly, patient self-perceived assessment and CADI assessment also showed overall significant changes (p

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris
Fulltext The usage of cosmetic product containing skin-lightening ingredients among female nursing students in Sabah, Malaysia: a pre-liminary study

Deena Clare Thomas, Arlene C T, Emilia E, Noor Syaffa Shawani Y X H

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):40-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Rooted form the ancient times, having a white and a delicate skin has been a dream of all women as it is perceived as a perfect beauty. Due to this high desideratum, the global beauty industry had taken an advantage to this target group promising an instant white skin for as early as three days. Global industry analysts (GIA) pre- dicted that this year 2020 the global market for skin lighteners will reach $23 billion. Despite the effectiveness of using skin-lightening, some had reported of having adverse effect including dermatological as well as neurological. Methods: This is a quantitative study using descriptive analysis approach to all nursing students in Sabah. The type of sampling is using snowball sampling methods. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to all nursing colleges in Sabah. Results: A total of 161 nursing students responded. Based on this study, most of students start are using cos- metic product in the age of15years old. Using an open-ended question, the top three cosmetic products containing skin-lightening ingredients use by students are Safi(27.9%), Garnier (25.5%)and Simple(16.1.%). Majority experience acne (47.5%) and skin irritation (18.8%)after using cosmetic products containing skin-lightening ingredients while 36.6% did not experience any skin problem. It is about80% concern about safety when choosing skin care contain skin-lightening ingredients,76.9% will make an effort to read leaflet provided prior to purchasing, 69.4% aware about the list of dangerous ingredients in choosing skin care contain skin-lightening ingredients, 78.1% aware about its side effect. Conclusion: The outcome of this preliminary study lead to the conclusion that nursing students in Sa- bah are aware that using a cosmetic product contain skin-lightening ingredient is harmful for them.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris
Fulltext Retrospective descriptive study of patients with dermatological problems, at UMS Polyclinic, Kingfisher, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. [Abstract]

Khaing MS, Parash MTH, Shimmi SC, Kabir S, Chodanakar NC, Subramaniam P, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):89-89.
MyJurnal

ABSTRACTS FOR THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL BORNEO HEALTHCARE AND PUBLIC HEALTH CONFERENCE AND 4TH BORNEO TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE CONGRESS. New Frontiers in Health: Expecting the Unexpected; Held at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; On 3rd-5th September 2019
Introduction: Since January 2010, the UMS Polyclinic, situated at Riverside Plaza, Kingfisher Park, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, provided general medical consultation as well as specialist consultations comprising of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology (Diabetes and related problems), Dermatology, Rheumatology, Cardiology including ECG and ECHO services, Orthopedic, Ophthalmology, ENT (Ear, Nose and Throat), Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Psychiatry. The purpose of this study was to look into the Dermatology consultations provided by the UMS Polyclinic in order to improve health care services, by reporting on the demographic characteristics of the patients with reference to the provisional diagnosis and management offered, as well as referrals to tertiary health care centers for further managements. Methods: It was a retrospective, descriptive study which included 76 patients who visited the Dermatology Specialist Clinic at UMS Polyclinic from January to December 2018.
Results: The 76 patients comprised of 50 males and 26 female patients with the age ranged from 2 years to 86 years, with 5 children (under the age of 12 years).The catchment population of the patients were mainly from Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kingfisher, and also from wide areas of Kota Kinabalu with a few from Kudat,Tamparuli, Telipok, Keningau, Kinarut and Beaufort, etc. The consultations comprised of 19 varieties of dermatological problems to which were given appropraite management. The period of the year 2018 under study showed highest attendance in February with 21 patients (27.6%) followed by 13 patients (17.1%) in October with December showing 11 patients (14.5% ).
Conclusion: A total of 32 varieties of Dermatological problems were found among the 76 patients consulted. Acne Vulgaris was found to be the highest variant with 12 cases(15.7%) with Seborrhoeic Dermatitis seen as 5 cases (6.5%) followed by 4 cases (5.2%) each of Contact Dermatitis, Allergy/Hypersensitivity, Photosensitive Dermatitis, and Vitiligo. Certain patients had to be referred to Dermatology Department at Hospital Queen Elizabeth for further management, like for skin biopsy, and also for Electro-cautery machine, Phototherapy, and Laser, as we are still waiting for few equipments.

Matched MeSH terms: Acne Vulgaris

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