Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 138 in total

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  1. Evaluation of dextrostix in blood sugar estimation
    Buttery JE, de Witt GF, Ahmad UO
    Med J Malaya, 1967 Jun;21(4):362-5.
    PMID: 4230505
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  2. An evaluation of the Beckman glucose analyser 2
    Lim HH, Zaini-Rahman M
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Jun;33(4):317-20.
    PMID: 522742
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  3. The o-toluidine method for blood glucose determination
    Buttery JE, de Witt GF, Omar Ahmad U
    Med J Malaya, 1968 Sep;23(1):54-7.
    PMID: 4237558
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  4. Diluted glucose oxidase reagents adapted for use with Analox GM 7 Analyser for measuring plasma glucose
    Loh SH
    Ann. Clin. Biochem., 1989 Sep;26 ( Pt 5):453-4.
    PMID: 2817758
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  5. In vitro glycation of dried serum
    Ch'ng SL, Marinah TA
    Clin Chim Acta, 1988 Apr 15;173(2):165-71.
    PMID: 3378356 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(88)90254-9
    In vitro glycation of sera dried on water-resistant medium (Parafilm) and on paper were studied by measuring the change of glucose level, fructosamine:total protein ratio, glycated protein concentration and alteration of electrophoretic mobility of sera before and after drying. The results suggested the instability of glucose in dried sera was due to in vitro glycation which was influenced by surface properties of media on which the sera were deposited. A new method for rapid effective in vitro glycation of sera was also proposed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  6. Fulltext Glucose: a reevaluation of its intraoperative use in paediatric surgery
    Lim SK, Loh SP
    Med J Malaysia, 1997 Mar;52(1):64-9.
    PMID: 10968055
    Blood glucose concentration was measured in 100 children immediately before and during surgery. These children were randomly assigned to receive either lactated Ringer's (LR) solution or 5% dextrose in lactated Ringer's (5%D/LR) intraoperatively as maintenance and replacement fluids. Blood samples were taken immediately after induction of anaesthesia and at 1/2, 1, 1.5, 2 and subsequent hours. Blood glucose concentration was assayed by a reflectance meter. None of the patients was noted to be hypoglycaemic pre- and intraoperatively. Intraoperative blood glucose concentration increased significantly (p < 0.05) from preoperative levels for both groups of children but the increase in those that received 5%D/LR was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than those who received LR. The number of children who were hyperglycaemic during surgery was also greater in those who received 5% dextrose in lactated Ringer's as their intraoperative fluid. These data suggest that lactated Ringer's alone is a safe and appropriate fluid for intraoperative fluid therapy in children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  7. Fulltext The effect of Ramadan fasting on fasting serum glucose in healthy adults
    Larijani B, Zahedi F, Sanjari M, Amini MR, Jalili RB, Adibi H, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Dec;58(5):678-80.
    PMID: 15190653
    The effect of Ramadan fasting on fasting serum glucose (FPG) is still a matter of controversy. One hundred and fifteen healthy volunteers fasted for > or = 25 days during Ramadan. Blood samples were taken 1 week before Ramadan and on the 14th and 28th day of Ramadan. Serum glucose was determined by the glucose oxidase method. FPG decreased from 88.4 + 9.0 mg/dl to 62.9 +/- 7.7 mg/dl (p < 0.001). Men and women both experienced a significant drop in FPG. Calorie intake decreased in all groups (p < 0.001) and was positively correlated with decreasing FPG. FPG decreases with Ramadan fasting and has no serious adverse effect on fasting adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  8. Influence of dietary cholesterol on the total cholesterol and free to ester cholesterol ration of blood and tissues of normal and alloxan diabetic rats
    Bhattathiry EP
    Med J Malaya, 1966 Dec;21(2):128-30.
    PMID: 4227382
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  9. Fulltext Implications for Drug Characterization in Glucose Tolerance Tests Without Insulin: Simulation Study of Power and Predictions Using Model-Based Analysis
    Sheikh Ghadzi SM, Karlsson MO, Kjellsson MC
    CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol, 2017 10;6(10):686-694.
    PMID: 28575547 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12214
    In antihyperglycemic drug development, drug effects are usually characterized using glucose provocations. Analyzing provocation data using pharmacometrics has shown powerful, enabling small studies. In preclinical drug development, high power is attractive due to the experiment sizes; however, insulin is not always available, which potentially impacts power and predictive performance. This simulation study was performed to investigate the implications of performing model-based drug characterization without insulin. The integrated glucose-insulin model was used to simulate and re-estimated oral glucose tolerance tests using a crossover design of placebo and study compound. Drug effects were implemented on seven different mechanisms of action (MOA); one by one or in two-drug combinations. This study showed that exclusion of insulin may severely reduce the power to distinguish the correct from competing drug effect, and to detect a primary or secondary drug effect, however, it did not affect the predictive performance of the model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  10. Fulltext Virtual Screening, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Some Carbohydrazide Derivatives as Potential DPP-IV Inhibitors
    Jadhav PB, Jadhav SB, Zehravi M, Mubarak MS, Islam F, Jeandet P, et al.
    Molecules, 2022 Dec 24;28(1).
    PMID: 36615348 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010149
    Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitors are known as safe and well-tolerated antidiabetic medicine. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to synthesize some carbohydrazide derivatives (1a-5d) as DPP-IV inhibitors. In addition, this work involves simulations using molecular docking, ADMET analysis, and Lipinski and Veber's guidelines. Wet-lab synthesis was used to make derivatives that met all requirements, and then FTIR, NMR, and mass spectrometry were used to confirm the structures and perform biological assays. In this context, in vitro enzymatic and in vivo antidiabetic activity evaluations were carried out. None of the molecules had broken the majority of the drug-likeness rules. Furthermore, these molecules were put through additional screening using molecular docking. In molecular docking experiments (PDB ID: 2P8S), many molecules displayed more potent interactions than native ligands, exhibiting more hydrogen bonds, especially those with chloro- or fluoro substitutions. Our findings indicated that compounds 5b and 4c have IC50 values of 28.13 and 34.94 µM, respectively, under in vitro enzymatic assays. On the 21st day of administration to animals, compound 5b exhibited a significant reduction in serum blood glucose level (157.33 ± 5.75 mg/dL) compared with the diabetic control (Sitagliptin), which showed 280.00 ± 13.29 mg/dL. The antihyperglycemic activity showed that the synthesized compounds have good hypoglycemic potential in fasting blood glucose in the type 2 diabetes animal model (T2DM). Taken all together, our findings indicate that the synthesized compounds exhibit excellent hypoglycemic potential and could be used as leads in developing novel antidiabetic agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis
  11. Associations of the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with risk of type 2 diabetes in 127 594 people from 20 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study
    Miller V, Jenkins DA, Dehghan M, Srichaikul K, Rangarajan S, Mente A, et al.
    Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2024 May;12(5):330-338.
    PMID: 38588684 DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00069-X
    BACKGROUND: The association between the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with type 2 diabetes incidence is controversial. We aimed to evaluate this association in an international cohort with diverse glycaemic index and glycaemic load diets.

    METHODS: The PURE study is a prospective cohort study of 127 594 adults aged 35-70 years from 20 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries. Diet was assessed at baseline using country-specific validated food frequency questionnaires. The glycaemic index and the glycaemic load were estimated on the basis of the intake of seven categories of carbohydrate-containing foods. Participants were categorised into quintiles of glycaemic index and glycaemic load. The primary outcome was incident type 2 diabetes. Multivariable Cox Frailty models with random intercepts for study centre were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs).

    FINDINGS: During a median follow-up of 11·8 years (IQR 9·0-13·0), 7326 (5·7%) incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurred. In multivariable adjusted analyses, a diet with a higher glycaemic index was significantly associated with a higher risk of diabetes (quintile 5 vs quintile 1; HR 1·15 [95% CI 1·03-1·29]). Participants in the highest quintile of the glycaemic load had a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes compared with those in the lowest quintile (HR 1·21, 95% CI 1·06-1·37). The glycaemic index was more strongly associated with diabetes among individuals with a higher BMI (quintile 5 vs quintile 1; HR 1·23 [95% CI 1·08-1·41]) than those with a lower BMI (quintile 5 vs quintile 1; 1·10 [0·87-1·39]; p interaction=0·030).

    INTERPRETATION: Diets with a high glycaemic index and a high glycaemic load were associated with a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes in a multinational cohort spanning five continents. Our findings suggest that consuming low glycaemic index and low glycaemic load diets might prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.

    FUNDING: Full funding sources are listed at the end of the Article.

    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis
  12. Beneficial effects of mangiferin isolated from Salacia chinensis on biochemical and hematological parameters in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes
    Sellamuthu PS, Arulselvan P, Fakurazi S, Kandasamy M
    Pak J Pharm Sci, 2014 Jan;27(1):161-7.
    PMID: 24374436
    Salacia chinensis L. is a traditional Southeast Asian herbal medicine and used in the treatment of diabetes. To investigate the antidiabetic properties of mangiferin from Salacia chinensis and its beneficial effect on toxicological and hematological parameters in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Mangiferin was orally treated with the dose of 40 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days to diabetic rats. Biochemical (blood glucose, uric acid, urea and creatinine), toxicological (AST, ALT and ALP) and hematological parameters (red and white blood cells) and their functional indices were evaluated in diabetic treated groups with mangiferin and glibenclamide. Mangiferin treated diabetic rats significantly (p<0.05) lowered the level of blood glucose, in addition, altered the levels of biochemical parameters including urea, uric acid, and creatinine. Toxicological parameters including AST, ALT and ALP were also significantly reduced after treatment with mangiferin in diabetic rats. Similarly, the levels of red blood, white blood cells and their functional indices were significantly improved through the administration of mangiferin. Thus, our results indicate that mangiferin present in S. chinensis possesses antidiabetic properties and nontoxic nature against chemically induced diabetic rats. Further experimental investigations are warrant to make use of its relevant therapeutic effect to substantiate its ethno-medicinal usage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis
  13. Maternal hemoglobin level and red cell indices as predictors of gestational diabetes in a multi-ethnic Asian population
    Tan PC, Chai JN, Ling LP, Omar SZ
    Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol, 2011;38(2):150-4.
    PMID: 21793277
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate maternal hemoglobin levels and red cell indices as predictive factors for gestational diabetes (GDM).

    METHOD: Data from 1,538 women were analyzed. At the first visit for prenatal care, the 50-gram glucose challenge test was followed by the 75-gram glucose tolerance test in those who screened positive. GDM was diagnosed based on the WHO (1999) criteria. Maternal complete blood count was obtained at the first visit, hospitalization for birth, and after birth. Receiver operator characteristic curves were generated to establish thresholds. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to establish independent predictors of GDM.

    RESULTS: GDM was diagnosed in 182/1,538 (11.8%). GDM was associated with hemoglobin level, hematocrit and erythrocyte count at the first visit for prenatal care only. Hemoglobin threshold at the first visit was established at 11.5 g/dl. After adjustment, high hemoglobin [AOR 1.5 (95% CI 1.0-2.1); p = 0.027] remained predictive of GDM.

    CONCLUSIONS: High maternal hemoglobin level at the first prenatal visit is independently predictive of GDM.

    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  14. Minimizing tissue-material interaction in microsensor for subcutaneous glucose monitoring
    Ahmad F, Christenson A, Bainbridge M, Yusof AP, Ab Ghani S
    Biosens Bioelectron, 2007 Mar 15;22(8):1625-32.
    PMID: 16934449
    A new implantable electrocatalytic glucose sensor for subcutaneous glucose monitoring has been fabricated by immobilizing glucose oxidase on a chemically modified carbon fiber. The sensor was inserted subcutaneously on a male spraguely rat without any incision after dipping the microsensor in the rat's serum for 3 days. The so called "stained" microsensor, operated in the amperometric mode with an applied potential of +0.23 V versus Ag|AgCl, was able to directly measure the glucose concentration upon infusion of glucose. The results obtained were encouraging, with the response time was less than 2s and the apparent Michaelis-Menten value at 5.1+/-0.5mM. The "stained" microsensor shows good stability and reproducibility with constant response spanned over 25 days. Most common interferences in glucose analysis were minimized by the outerlayer Nafion. Hematology examinations showed minimal material-tissue interaction. Use of such mechanical devices will allow a more refined understanding towards glucose control in diabetic patients as the implanted microsensor was not effected by biocompatibility failures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis
  15. Poly(vinyl alcohol) : a potential matrix for glucose oxidase immobilization?
    Azila AA, Barbari T, Searson P
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:51-2.
    PMID: 15468814
    Considerable effort has been focused on the method of immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOD) for amperometric glucose biosensors since the technique employed may influence the available activity of the enzyme and thus affect the performance of the sensor. Narrow measuring range and low current response are still considered problems in this area. In this work, poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) was investigated as a potential matrix for GOD immobilization. GOD was entrapped in cross-linked PVA. The use of a PVA-GOD membrane as the enzymatic component of a glucose biosensor was found to be promising in both the magnitude of its signal and its relative stability over time. The optimum PVA-GOD membrane (cross-linking density of 0.06) was obtained through careful selection of the cross-linking density of the PVA matrix.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  16. Testing the agreement of medical instruments: overestimation of bias in the Bland-Altman analysis
    Zaki R, Bulgiba A, Ismail NA
    Prev Med, 2013;57 Suppl:S80-2.
    PMID: 23313586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.01.003
    The Bland-Altman method is the most popular method used to assess the agreement of medical instruments. The main concern about this method is the presence of proportional bias. The slope of the regression line fitted to the Bland-Altman plot should be tested to exclude proportional bias. The aim of this study was to determine whether the overestimation of bias in the Bland-Altman analysis is still present even when the proportional bias has been excluded.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis
  17. Fulltext Effect of added carbohydrates on glycemic and insulin responses to children’s milk products
    Brand-Miller J, Atkinson F, Rowan A
    Nutrients, 2013 Jan;5(1):23-31.
    PMID: 23306187 DOI: 10.3390/nu5010023
    Powdered milk products for children (Growing Up Milk Powders or GUMPs) containing added carbohydrates such as glucose and sucrose are now well established in parts of Asia. We surveyed GUMPs in Malaysia and Indonesia to determine the content of added carbohydrates. The ingredient lists and nutrition information panels were used to calculate the percentage of declared carbohydrates contributed by added carbohydrates and a subset of seven products was tested for their glycemic index (GI) and insulin responses in healthy adults. The glycemic load for each product was calculated. In total, 58 products (n = 24 in Malaysia and n = 34 in Indonesia) were surveyed. Added carbohydrate content (excluding fibre) ranged from 0 to 21.5 g per serve. Milk powders without added sources of carbohydrate had similar GI values to standard liquid whole milk. Products containing maltodextrins, corn or glucose syrups increased the GI by more than 2-fold, and glycemic load (GL) by 7-fold compared to milk powders with no added carbohydrates. Insulin responses were significantly but not strongly correlated with glucose responses (r = 0.32, p < 0.006). Children's milk powders containing higher levels of added carbohydrate ingredients elicit higher glucose and insulin responses than liquid or powdered whole milk.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  18. Fulltext Routine diabetes screening in blood donation campaigns
    Samad NA, Yong PW, Mahendran K
    Malays J Pathol, 2015 Aug;37(2):137-40.
    PMID: 26277670 MyJurnal
    BACKGROUND: Data from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2011 showed that 20.8% of Malaysians above 30 years have diabetes. 10.1%of them are undiagnosed. Mobile blood drives could complement the public health department efforts in diabetes screening for early detection of the illness.
    AIMS: This study aims to determine the necessity of diabetes screening as a routine screening program during blood donation campaign.
    METHODS AND MATERIAL: Blood donation campaigns which involved the public community between January 2013 and June 2013 were included in this study. Donors above 30-years-old, not known to have diabetes, consented for diabetes screening. Diabetes screening was done by checking random capillary blood sugar (RCBS) levels while performing a Hemoglobin test and ABO grouping. Donors with RCBS of ≥ 7.8 mmol/L were given appointments for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to confirm the diagnosis of diabetes.
    RESULTS: A total of 211 diabetes screenings were performed. Mean RCBS was 6 mmol/L. 43(20.4%) donors had RCBS≥ 7.8 mmol/L. 10 donors were later diagnosed to have diabetes (5.0%) and 5 donors were prediabetes (2.5%). 9 donors (4.3%) did not turn up for further investigation.
    CONCLUSIONS: Blood donors are expected to be healthy volunteers. The diabetes prevalence among blood donors (5.0%) is considered low if compared with the prevalence in the whole population (20.8%). However, the number is largely comparable to the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes in the country (10.1%). Routine diabetes screening during blood donation campaign should be implemented to safeguard donors' health and serve as a public health initiative to improve community health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis
  19. The effects of rehydration on cycling performance after exercise-induced dehydration
    Singh R, Brouns F, Kovacs E
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2002 Jun;33(2):378-88.
    PMID: 12236441
    The effects of 7.6% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution (CES) and placebos (P) on rehydration (R) after exercise-induced dehydration and on a subsequent time-trial (TT) of cycling performance were studied. Thirteen male subjects exercised in a thermally-controlled environment (28 degrees C, 63% RH) until 3% of their body weight was lost. After exercise, the subjects moved to a neutral environment (22 degrees C) and rested for 30 minutes prior to a 2-hour R period. During R, subjects were fed CES or P to a maximum volume of 120% of previous body mass loss at 0, 30, and 60 minutes, in bolus-doses of 50%, 40% and 30% respectively. After R, subjects performed a 1-hour TT with no further fluid intake. % R with CES was significantly higher than with P (70 +/- 3% vs 60 +/- 5%; p < 0.01). During the TT, blood glucose dropped in the CES group but not in the P group. It was found that, despite a more effective R with CES, the performance results did not differ between groups (65.1 +/- 2.2 minutes and 65.2 +/- 2.3 minutes for CES and P respectively). It is suggested that an insulin-mediated rebound effect on CHO metabolism during TT, in which no further CHO was supplied, nullified the benefits of rehydration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis
  20. Effect of ambient temperature on analytical and clinical performance of a blood glucose monitoring system: Omnitest Sensor glucose meter
    Nawawi H, Sazali BS, Kamaruzaman BH, Yazid TN, Jemain AA, Ismail F, et al.
    Ann. Clin. Biochem., 2001 Nov;38(Pt 6):676-83.
    PMID: 11732650
    The effect of ambient temperature on the analytical and clinical performance of a glucose meter was examined. A total of 114 venous whole blood samples were analysed for glucose by a reference method, and by a glucose meter at 21-22 degrees C, room temperatures, 26-27 degrees C and 33-34 degrees C. Glucose meter readings at each temperature were compared with the reference values and evaluated by analysis of variance, Spearman's correlation, the percentage of glucose meter readings within +/- 10% of the reference value and error grid analysis. Analysis of covariance was used to determine the effect of temperature on glucose meter readings. There were no significant differences in the glucose meter readings and in accuracy of the meter readings between different temperatures. Temperature was not a significant independent determinant of the glucose meter readings. For each glucose concentration, the precision of the meter and clinical performance were comparable between the different temperatures. In conclusion, ambient temperature does not affect the accuracy, precision and clinical performance of the Omnitest Sensor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis
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