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Fulltext Squaring the Curve of Cardiovascular Health From the Beginning of Life

Perak AM, Marino BS, de Ferranti SD

Pediatrics, 2018 Apr;141(4).
PMID: 29588338 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2075
Matched MeSH terms: Longevity/physiology*
Fulltext The Importance of the Expendable: Toxin-Antitoxin Genes in Plasmids and Chromosomes

Díaz-Orejas R, Espinosa M, Yeo CC

Front Microbiol, 2017;8:1479.
PMID: 28824602 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01479

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) genes were first reported in plasmids and were considered expendable genetic cassettes involved in the stable maintenance of the plasmid replicon by interfering with growth and/or viability of bacteria in which the plasmid was lost. TAs were later found in bacterial chromosomes and also in integrated mobile genetic elements; they were proposed to be involved in the bacterial response to stressful situations. At present, 100s of TAs have been identified and classified in up to six families (I to VI), with those belonging to the type II (constituted by two protein components) being the most studied. Based on well-characterized examples of several type II TAs, we discuss in this review that irrespective of their locations in plasmids or chromosomes, TAs functionally overlap as indicated by: (i) in both locations they can mediate the maintenance of genetic elements to which they are physical linked, and (ii) they can induce persistence or virulence in response to stress situations. Examples of functional confluences in homologous TA systems with different locations are also given. We also consider whether the physiological role of TAs is due to their genetic organization as operons or to their inherent properties, like the short lifespan of the antitoxin component.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
The slow ape: High infant survival and long interbirth intervals in wild orangutans

van Noordwijk MA, Utami Atmoko SS, Knott CD, Kuze N, Morrogh-Bernard HC, Oram F, et al.

J Hum Evol, 2018 12;125:38-49.
PMID: 30502896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.09.004

Orangutans (Pongo spp.) are reported to have extremely slow life histories, including the longest average interbirth intervals of all mammals. Such slow life history can be viable only when unavoidable mortality is kept low. Thus, orangutans' survivorship under natural conditions is expected to be extremely high. Previous estimates of orangutan life history were based on captive individuals living under very different circumstances or on small samples from wild populations. Here, we combine birth data from seven field sites, each with demographic data collection for at least 10 years (range 12-43 years) on wild orangutans to better document their life history. Using strict criteria for data inclusion, we calculated infant survival, interbirth intervals and female age at first reproduction, across species, subspecies and islands. We found an average closed interbirth interval of 7.6 years, as well as consistently very high pre-weaning survival for males and females. Female survival of 94% until age at first birth (at around age 15 years) was higher than reported for any other mammal species under natural conditions. Similarly, annual survival among parous females is very high, but longevity remains to be estimated. Current data suggest no major life history differences between Sumatran and Bornean orangutans. The high offspring survival is remarkable, noting that modern human populations seem to have reached the same level of survival only in the 20th century. The orangutans' slow life history illustrates what can be achieved if a hominoid bauplan is exposed to low unavoidable mortality. Their high survival is likely due to their arboreal and non-gregarious lifestyle, and has allowed them to maintain viable populations, despite living in low-productivity habitats. However, their slow life history also implies that orangutans are highly vulnerable to a catastrophic population crash in the face of drastic habitat change.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity*
Fulltext Root canal treatment in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia Dental Clinic - a 5-year retrospective study

Ismail, N.M., Ismail, A.R., Wan Nor Syuhada, W.A.R.

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2008;3(1):23-28.
MyJurnal

Root canal treatment (RCT) requires high level of technical skills of the dentist. Its outcome is an important part of evidence-based practice and become the basis of treatment planning and prognostic considerations. Adequate removal of micro-organisms and prevention of recolonization of residual micro-organisms through the placement of root filling with satisfactory coronal seal ensures success. This retrospective record review study aimed to investigate the practices of RCT in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) Dental Clinic, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. It involved 333 randomly selected patient records at the HUSM Record Unit. Data was obtained by careful analyses of daily treatment progress sheets and analyzed using SPSS version 12.0. A total of 2996 RCT cases were seen and 59.8% of patients were females. The age range of patients varied from 14 to 64 years. The maxillary anterior teeth were most commonly treated (52.6%). Most operators (99.1%) used step-back technique and 97.6% used files to prepare root canals. The most commonly used material for obturation and sealing was gutta-percha and epoxy resin-based sealer (AH26). About 82.9% used calcium hydroxide as intra-canal medication. About 25.5% of cases had no periapical pathology, 65.8% with pre-existing periapical radiolucencies healed in 1-3 months whereas 2.1% of cases with periapical pathology eventually healed after a year. About 6.9% cases failed after retreatment. The number of radiographs taken was two to four pieces. RCT is a useful intervention to maintain longevity of teeth. Decision making and current updates of methods and materials are essential among practitioners as well as administrators to ensure success.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
Fulltext Caries preventive interventions in community-dwelling elders: a systematic review

Eleena Mohd Yusof, Mei, May Lei, Walls, Angus

Compendium of Oral Science, 2018;5(1):1-17.
MyJurnal

Objective: To conduct a systematic review of identifying the clinical efficacy of caries preventive interventions in community-dwelling elders. Background: As the human lifespan increases, the elders are known to retain their teeth for longer. Therefore, the need to uncover effective ways of preventing caries among this age group is relevant. Methods: A search was conducted using four databases: Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science using the keywords (caries OR demineralization) AND prevention AND (adult OR aged). The titles and abstracts were initially screened for the use of caries prevention interventions. Studies were excluded based on the predetermined criteria. The full texts of the remaining studies were then evaluated. Results: Of 6952 articles identified from the search, fifty full texts were evaluated. Finally, ten studies were analyzed. One study found rinsing with 0.05% of NaF twice daily resulted in lower coronal caries increment. Another study reported the use of 1,100 ppm of NaF dentifrice twice daily showed lower percentage of coronal and root caries. A reduction of root caries was observed from using 5,000 ppm fluoridated toothpaste twice daily, annual professional 38% SDF solution application, six-monthly professional cleaning and APF gel application. The use of 0.12% CHX rinse and xylitol chewing gum did not show reduction of caries incidence. Conclusion: Toothbrushing with 5,000 ppm of NaF dentifrice, rinsing with 0.05% NaF, professional application of 38% SDF solution and APF gel may be effective at preventing caries among the elders.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
Fulltext Clinical nutrition in East Asia and the Pacific

Darnton-Hill I, Cavalli-Sforza LT, Volmanen PV

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 1992 Mar;1(1):27-36.
PMID: 24323002

Identifying the nutrition problems of Asia and the Pacific is made difficult by the enormous geographic, socioeconomic and cultural diversity that exists in these areas. With increasing longevity and reduced infant mortality, the more chronic diseases are becoming increasingly important. For almost 90% of the countries that keep such data in the Western Pacific Region of WHO, at least three of the five leading causes of death are noncommunicable diseases. Nevertheless undernutrition is still the most important nutritional problem in the Region. Even though there have been some encouraging declines in the proportion of malnourished under 5-year-olds, increasing populations have meant the actual numbers have not declined. Vitamin A deficiency, iodine deficiency disorders and iron deficiency anaemia remain major public health problems in many countries. There is evidence that vitamin A deficiency is appearing in countries in which it has not previously been a problem. New challenges are occurring, such as childhood obesity, the susceptibility of undernourished populations to the human immunodeficiency virus and the increase in noncommunicable diseases. The three arms of clinical nutrition: therapeutic, research and public health will need to work closely to meet the considerable and continuing threat posed by the nutrition-related diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
Fulltext Semi-direct composite restorations- a clinical report

Berhanuddin Muhamad Asyraf, Tong, Wah Lim

Malaysian Dental Journal, 2016;2016(2):0-0.
MyJurnal

In nowadays world, aesthetic dentistry has becoming a trend with the improvement of dental technology and materials. Composite resin becomes the material of choice as it offers good aesthetics, longevity and allow for minimally intervention approach. There are various ways of composite restorative techniques recommended to make out the best restorative outcome. Direct restorative technique promise acceptable cost, appointment time and color matching but it is a challenge for the clinician especially for extensive cavities. Indirect technique is good for extended cavity and providing less operator error, however, it requires multiple appointments, higher cost and laboratory involvement. Computer-aided design/ computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology might reduce the number of appointments, however, it will cause more financial burden to the patient and the clinician. Therefore, semi-direct technique was introduced, it combines the benefits of direct and indirect technique and this technique can be done without the use of any advanced technology and give out a good treatment outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
The debilitating effects of chronic diseases among the oldest old in China

Tey NP, Lai SL, Teh JK

Maturitas, 2016 Dec;94:39-45.
PMID: 27823743 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.08.016

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to assess the current sharp rise in chronic diseases and disabilities with advancing age, and to examine the debilitating effects of chronic diseases among the oldest old in China.
STUDY DESIGN AND OUTCOME VARIABLES: This study used data from four waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey (CLHLS) conducted in 2002, 2005, 2008 and 2011. The sample comprised 2137 older adults who were interviewed in 2002 and re-interviewed in the following waves. Cross-tabulations were run to show the rise in chronic disease and disability with age. Ordinal logistic regression was run to examine the debilitating effects of these diseases in terms of the ability of the oldest old to perform activities of daily living.
RESULTS: The prevalence of chronic diseases rose sharply with age. The prevalence rate of six major diseases increased between 38% (respiratory diseases) and 533% (neurological disorder) among respondents who were re-interviewed nine years later. Cardiovascular diseases were the most common. Neurological disorder and cancer were less common, but had the most debilitating effects on patients. Overall, 10.0%, 3.1% and 3.1% of the respondents were disabled by cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and sensorial diseases, respectively. Ordinal logistic regression showed that neurological disorder had the strongest debilitating effects, followed by musculoskeletal and cardiovascular diseases among 2137 older persons who had survived and were followed up from the base year (2002) through 2011.
CONCLUSION: The rapid rise in chronic diseases has resulted in an increased burden of disability among the oldest old in China. There is a need to improve health care systems for the prevention and management of chronic diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity*
Evidence of sibling species between two host-associated populations of brown planthopper, N. lugens (stål) (Homoptera: Delphacidea) complex based on morphology and host-plant relationship studies

Latif MA, Omar MY, Rafii MY, Malek MA, Tan SG

C. R. Biol., 2013 Jul;336(7):354-63.
PMID: 23932255 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2013.06.006

Morphological and host-plant relationship studies were conducted to differentiate two sympatric populations of brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, one from rice (Oryza sativa) and the other from Leersia hexandra, a weed grass. In morphometric studies based on esterase activities, an UPGMA dendrogram using 17 quantitative morphological characters, including stridulatory organs (courtship signal-producing organs) between two sympatric populations of N. lugens, one from rice and the other from L. hexandra, a weed grass revealed that both populations were separated from each other. An out-group, N. bakeri, was found to be completely different from the two sympatric populations of N. lugens. Rice plants were best suited for the establishment of the rice-infesting population, and L. hexandra was a favourable host for the Leersia-infesting population. The individuals derived from one host did not thrive on the other host, as shown by a significant reduction in survival and nymphal development, ovipositional preferences, ovipositional response, and egg hatchability. Therefore, morphological and host-plant relationship studies indicate that rice-associated population with high esterase activities and L. heaxandra-associated population with low esterase activities are two closely related sibling species.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
Fulltext Risk factors of urinary incontinence among community dwelling older adults

Resshaya Roobini Murukesu, Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh, Suzana Shahar

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2018;16(101):227-227.
MyJurnal

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common disorder among older adults, with a global prevalence between 2% to 58%. UI has been associated with social isolation, increased morbidity and reduced quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to investigate the sociodemographic, clinical, cognitive and physical function risk factors of UI among Malaysian community dwelling older adults. This study is part of a larger scale population based longitudinal study on neuroprotective model for healthy longevity among older adults (LRGS TUA). A total of 1560 Malaysian community dwelling older adults aged 60 years and above were screened in this phase III LRGS study. Participants sociodemographic and clinical history were obtained. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and Digit Span tested cognitive function. Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Hand Grip Strength Test, Chair Stand Test and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living tested physical function. The overall prevalence of UI was 15.7% (n = 245) in this study, with 11.8% (n = 88) in men and 19.3% (n = 157) in women. Logistic regression analysis showed that TUG (Adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.071; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.13), MMSE (OR, 0.93; CI, 0.90-0.97), weight (OR, 1.02; CI, 1.00-1.03), and constipation (OR 0.60; CI, 0.46-0.78) (p < 0.005) were significant risk factors of UI. The results indicate, decreased physical and cognitive function; increase in weight and having constipation increased the risk of UI. Maintaining optimum mobility, cognitive function, body weight and constipation prevention are vital in the prevention and management of UI among older adults.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
Anti-ageing effects of FDA-approved medicines: a focused review

Thanapairoje K, Junsiritrakhoon S, Wichaiyo S, Osman MA, Supharattanasitthi W

J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol, 2023 May 01;34(3):277-289.
PMID: 36631934 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2022-0242

Ageing is the process generated by senescent cells, free radicals, inflammation and other relevant factors. Ageing contributes to age-related diseases that affect the quality of life. People are interested in anti-ageing intervention and many scientists attempt to search for anti-ageing medicines. This review focused on describing in vivo anti-ageing activity of US-FDA-approved drugs and found that alogliptin, canagliflozin and metformin might produce anti-ageing activity via AMPK activation. Rapamycin and canagliflozin are capable to inhibit mTOR to promote lifespan. Atracurium, carnitine and statins act as DAF-16 activators, which potentially contribute to anti-ageing activity. Hydralazine, lisinopril, rosiglitazone and zidovudine may help stabilize genomic integrity to prolong life expectancy. Other indirect mechanisms, including insulin-lowering effect by acarbose and calcium channel blocking activity by verapamil may also promote longevity. Interestingly, some drugs (i.e., canagliflozin, metformin, rapamycin and acarbose) are likely to demonstrate a lifespan-promoting effect predominantly in male animals. These pre-clinical data might provide mechanistic and phenotypic perspectives to better understand the targets of anti-ageing interventions.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity/genetics
Fulltext The relationship between telomere length and beekeeping among Malaysians

Nasir NF, Kannan TP, Sulaiman SA, Shamsuddin S, Azlina A, Stangaciu S

Age (Dordr), 2015 Jun;37(3):9797.
PMID: 26028466 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9797-6

The belief that beekeepers live longer than anyone else is present since ages. However, no research has been done to explore the longevity of life in beekeepers. Here, we investigated the telomere length in 30 male beekeepers and 30 male non-beekeepers and associated them with the longevity of life using Southern analysis of terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) generated by Hinf I/Rsa I digestion of human genomic DNA using TeloTAGGG Telomere Length Assay. Interestingly, we found that the telomere length of male beekeepers was significantly longer than those of male non-beekeepers with a p value of less than 0.05, suggesting that beekeepers may have longer life compared to non-beekeepers. We further found that the consumption of bee products for a long period and frequent consumption of bee products per day are associated with telomere length. An increase of year in consuming bee products is associated with a mean increase in telomere length of 0.258 kbp. In addition, an increase in frequency of eating bee products per day was also associated with a mean increase of 2.66 kbp in telomere length. These results suggested that bee products might play some roles in telomere length maintenance.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
Life history of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on various host plants

Azidah AA, Sofian-Azirun M

Bull. Entomol. Res., 2006 Dec;96(6):613-8.
PMID: 17201979

The incubation period of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) was not influenced by the host plant, whereas larval development time and pupal period were affected. Larval development time was longest on shallot and lady's finger, followed by cabbage and long bean. Larvae did not develop beyond the first instar when fed on chilli. The pupal period was longer on lady's finger than on cabbage, shallot and long bean. Overall, adult longevity was not influenced by the host plant but there was a difference between female and male longevity among the host plants. Survival of S. exigua was affected by the host plant at the larval stage. The number of larval instars varied between 5 and 8 within and between the studied host plants. Long bean was found to be the most suitable host plant and provide the best food quality for S. exigua compared to the other host plants, as it allowed faster development, fewer larval instars and a higher survival rate.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity/physiology*
Fulltext Changes in white matter fiber density and morphology across the adult lifespan: A cross-sectional fixel-based analysis

Choy SW, Bagarinao E, Watanabe H, Ho ETW, Maesawa S, Mori D, et al.

Hum Brain Mapp, 2020 08 15;41(12):3198-3211.
PMID: 32304267 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25008

White matter (WM) fiber bundles change dynamically with age. These changes could be driven by alterations in axonal diameter, axonal density, and myelin content. In this study, we applied a novel fixel-based analysis (FBA) framework to examine these changes throughout the adult lifespan. Using diffusion-weighted images from a cohort of 293 healthy volunteers (89 males/204 females) from ages 21 to 86 years old, we performed FBA to analyze age-related changes in microscopic fiber density (FD) and macroscopic fiber morphology (fiber cross section [FC]). Our results showed significant and widespread age-related alterations in FD and FC across the whole brain. Interestingly, some fiber bundles such as the anterior thalamic radiation, corpus callosum, and superior longitudinal fasciculus only showed significant negative relationship with age in FD values, but not in FC. On the other hand, some segments of the cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway only showed significant negative relationship with age in FC, but not in FD. Analysis at the tract-level also showed that major fiber tract groups predominantly distributed in the frontal lobe (cingulum, forceps minor) exhibited greater vulnerability to the aging process than the others. Differences in FC and the combined measure of FD and cross section values observed between sexes were mostly driven by differences in brain sizes although male participants tended to exhibit steeper negative linear relationship with age in FD as compared to female participants. Overall, these findings provide further insights into the structural changes the brain's WM undergoes due to the aging process.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
Fulltext Socio-economic development and mortality patterns and trends in Malaysia

Tan Poo Chang, Kwok Kwan Kit, Tan Boon Ann, Shyamala Nagaraj, Tey Nai Peng, Siti Norazah Zulkifli

Asia Pac Popul J, 1987 Mar;2(1):3-20.
PMID: 12341034

PIP: Morality in Peninsular Malaysia has reached a level that is quite similar to that prevailing in the low mortality countries. This article systematically documents changes in mortality levels and differentials in Malaysia over time and relates these to changes in development indicators and health-related policies. Remedial measures undertaken by the authorities including the expansion of hospital and health services into the estates, together with a comprehensive malaria-eradication program, improvements in sanitation laws, and increased provision of public utilities and education, resulted in beriberi being eliminated and the incidence of malaria, typhus, and smallpox being greatly reduced by the time of World War II. The gain in life expectancy over the period of 1957-1979 was greatest for the Malay, the most significant period being 1957-1967, which saw the introduction of rural health programs. The infant mortality rate and the neonatal and post-neonatal rates declined substantially for all ethnic groups in Peninsular Malaysia for the same time period. Although the lower infant mortality of the Chinese can be explained by their advantageous socioeconomic position the same reason cannot explain the lower decline in infant mortality levels of the Indians. Much still needs to be done to narrow, if not to eliminate, the existing mortality differentials of different groups in the country. Overall, the quality of life of the general population can be further enhanced by reducing the high mortality level of disadvantaged groups.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
Fulltext Crocodiles and alligators: physicians' answer to cancer?

Khan NA, Soopramanien M, Siddiqui R

Curr Oncol, 2019 06;26(3):186.
PMID: 31285664 DOI: 10.3747/co.26.4855
Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
Fulltext Diet Quality of Malaysians across Lifespan: A Scoping Review of Evidence in a Multi-Ethnic Population

Ramadas A, Tham SM, Lalani SA, Shyam S

Nutrients, 2021 Apr 20;13(4).
PMID: 33924050 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041380

Malaysia is a rapidly developing economy experiencing a nutrition transition. It suffers from a double burden of over- and undernutrition, making it essential to understand diet quality in the population. In this scoping review, we have collated the existing literature on Malaysian diet quality, including factors that influence it, and the association between diet quality and health outcomes across the lifespan of Malaysians. Overall, diet quality was poor in all age groups studied. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and its iterations were predominantly used in urban and clinical settings to evaluate diet-chronic disease relationships. These indices were significantly associated with cardio-metabolic and disease risks in adults. The Diet Diversity Score (DDS) and Food Variety Score (FVS) were used to gauge diet quality in maternal and child nutrition studies and were associated with appropriate growth and caloric intake. Deficiencies were found in fruit, vegetable, legumes, and dairy intake. Meat, salt, and sugar intake were found to be excessive in many studies. The findings can inform policies to improve diet quality in this population. The review also identified knowledge gaps that require further investigation.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity*
Fulltext Development of a Tomography Technique for Assessment of the Material Condition of Concrete Using Optimized Elastic Wave Parameters

Chai HK, Liu KF, Behnia A, Yoshikazu K, Shiotani T

Materials (Basel), 2016 Apr 16;9(4).
PMID: 28773416 DOI: 10.3390/ma9040291

Concrete is the most ubiquitous construction material. Apart from the fresh and early age properties of concrete material, its condition during the structure life span affects the overall structural performance. Therefore, development of techniques such as non-destructive testing which enable the investigation of the material condition, are in great demand. Tomography technique has become an increasingly popular non-destructive evaluation technique for civil engineers to assess the condition of concrete structures. In the present study, this technique is investigated by developing reconstruction procedures utilizing different parameters of elastic waves, namely the travel time, wave amplitude, wave frequency, and Q-value. In the development of algorithms, a ray tracing feature was adopted to take into account the actual non-linear propagation of elastic waves in concrete containing defects. Numerical simulation accompanied by experimental verifications of wave motion were conducted to obtain wave propagation profiles in concrete containing honeycomb as a defect and in assessing the tendon duct filling of pre-stressed concrete (PC) elements. The detection of defects by the developed tomography reconstruction procedures was evaluated and discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity
Comparative toxicity of nine metals to two Malaysian aquatic dipterian larvae with reference to temperature variation

Vedamanikam VJ, Shazilli NA

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 2008 Jun;80(6):516-20.
PMID: 18414763 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-008-9413-x

A study was conducted to determine the suitability of using selected aquatic dipterian larvae for biomonitoring bioassays. The organisms included a member of the biting midge family that was identified as Culicoides furens and a member of the non-biting midge family, identified as Chironomus plumosus. Median lethal toxicity tests were conducted to observe the variation between metal sensitivities between the two larval forms and how variations in temperature could affect the experimental setup. Nine heavy metals were used in the study. It was observed that the 96 h LC(50) (in mg/L) for the different metals was found to be Zn-16.21 (18.55 +/- 13.87); Cr-0.96 (1.08 +/- 0.84); Ag-4.22 (6.87 +/- 1.57); Ni-0.42 (0.59 +/- 0.25); Hg-0.42 (0.59 +/- 0.25); Pb-16.21 (18.31 +/- 14.11); Cu-42.24 (45.18 +/- 39.30); Mn-4.22 (7.19 +/- 1.25); Cd-0.42 (0.59 +/- 0.25) for the Chironomus plumosus and Zn-4.22 (6.56 +/- 1.88); Cr-0.42 (0.54 +/- 0.30); Ag-0.42 (0.54 +/- 0.30); Ni-0.42 (0.54 +/- 0.30); Hg-0.04 (0.07 +/- 0.01); Pb-0.42 (0.54 +/- 0.30); Cu-42.24 (45.18 +/- 39.30); Mn-4.22 (6.56 +/- 1.88); Cd-0.42 (0.54 +/- 0.30) in the case of the Culicoides furens. With temperature as a variable the LC(50) values were observed to increase from 2.51 mg/L at 10 degrees C to 4.22 ppm at 30 degrees C and to reduce slightly to 3.72 mg/L at 35 degrees C as seen in the case of Zn. It was also observed that at 40 degrees C thermal toxicity and chemical toxicity overlapped as 100% mortality was observed in the controls. This trend was observed in all metals for both C. plumosus and C. furens. Thus indicating temperature played an important role in determining LC(50) values of toxicants.

Matched MeSH terms: Longevity/drug effects
Fulltext Growing older with HIV in the Treat-All Era

Rajasuriar R, Crane HM, Semeere AS

J Int AIDS Soc, 2022 Sep;25 Suppl 4(Suppl 4):e25997.
PMID: 36176021 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25997
Matched MeSH terms: Longevity

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