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  1. Fulltext THE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE GASES IN REDUCING THE PRICKLING AND TINGLING SENSATIONS IN FRESH-CUT PINEAPPLE(Ananas comosus L cv. Morris)
    AIDA NADIA A.RAMLEE, WAN ZALIHA WAN SEMBOK
    UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2021;3(2):13-24.
    MyJurnal
    Fresh-cut pineapple has experienced an increase in demand due to its great health benefits and is rich in vitamins A, B and C. Moreover, pineapple is known as a source of the enzyme bromelain, which has therapeutic applications, such as reducing inflammation, improving digestion and treating osteoarthritis. However, bromelain generally affects the pineapple’s flavour and is less preferred by consumers due to the uncomfortable prickling and tingling sensations it brings. In the present study, two types of gases and their combination, nitrogen (N2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), were used to evaluate their impacts on reducing the tingling and prickling sensations, as well as maintaining the postharvest qualities of fresh-cut pineapple stored at 5°C for 12 days. The parameters being evaluated were the bromelain enzyme activity, flesh colour, ascorbic acid concentration, flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration (SSC), titratable acidity (TA) and sensory evaluation. No significant differences were recorded for all parameters tested. Based on the sensory evaluations, all the attributes, such as colour, aroma, texture, sweetness, sourness, tingling and prickling sensations, and overall acceptance were not affected by the different gases application. Even though no apparent effect was observed, the 30 panellists preferred the aforementioned attributes, except sourness. In conclusion, the fumigation treatments with N2 and CO2 gases were not effective in reducing the tingling and prickling sensations of pineapples cv. Morris.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis
  2. Fulltext Apollo total knee replacements in University Malaya Medical Centre: a short-term outcome
    Abbas AA, Merican AM, Kwan MK, Mohamad JA
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Feb;61 Suppl A:83-7.
    PMID: 17042237
    Total knee arthroplasty is the most preferred option for treatment of severe osteoarthritis of the knee. We report the short-term outcome of 48 total knee replacements in 31 patients utilizing the Apollo Total Knee System after an average follow-up of 48 months (range 15 to 70 months). Records of all patients who underwent TKA using Apollo Total Knee System were retrospectively reviewed. Functional outcome was evaluated using visual analogue scale for pain rating and the Oxford 12-item questionnaire. Postoperative radiographs of the replaced knees were assessed by using the Knee Society Total Knee Arthroplasty Roentgenographic Evaluation and Scoring System. Degenerative osteoarthritis was the commonest indication for TKA. The average patient's age was 63.7 years (range, 30-77 years). The mean visual analogue scale for pre- and post-operative pain was eight and zero respectively. The mean Oxford 12-item questionnaire score pre- and post-operatively was 44.8 and 16.5 respectively. Patient satisfaction was notable in 98% of the cases with an average improvement in arc of flexion of 111 degrees. There were four failures; deep infection (one) and aseptic loosening (three) giving rise to a 94% implant survivor. The short-term results of this series is comparable with or better than a number of outcome studies of the Apollo Knee System or other implants of similar design.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery*
  3. Manjarix attenuated pain and joint swelling in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis
    Abdel-Rahman RF, Abd-Elsalam RM, Amer MS, El-Desoky AM, Mohamed SO
    Food Funct, 2020 Sep 23;11(9):7960-7972.
    PMID: 32839804 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01297a
    Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by degeneration of cartilage, intra-articular inflammation, remodeling of subchondral bone and joint pain. The present study was designed to assess the therapeutic effects and the possible underlying mechanism of action of Manjarix, a herbal combination composed of ginger and turmeric powder extracts, on chemically induced osteoarthritis in rats. An OA model was generated by intra-articular injection of 50 μL (40 mg mL-1) of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the right knee joint of rats. After one week of osteoarthritis induction, a comparison of the anti-inflammatory efficacy of indomethacin at an oral dose of 2 mg kg-1 daily for 4 successive weeks versus five decremental dose levels of Manjarix (1000, 500, 250, 125, and 62.5 mg kg-1) was performed. Serum inflammatory cytokines, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha; C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) and hyaluronic acid (HA) were measured, along with weekly assessment of the knee joint swelling. Pain-like behavior was assessed and knee radiographic and histological examination were performed to understand the extent of pain due to cartilage degradation. Manjarix significantly reduced the knee joint swelling, decreased the serum levels of IL6, TNF-α, CTX-II and HA, and reduced the pathological injury in joints, with no evidence of osteo-reactivity in the radiographic examination. Manjarix also significantly prevented MIA-induced pain behavior. These results demonstrate that Manjarix exhibits chondroprotective effects and can inhibit the OA pain induced by MIA, and thus it can be used as a potential therapeutic product for OA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis/chemically induced; Osteoarthritis/drug therapy*
  4. Fulltext Evaluation of Chondroprotective Activity of Channa striatus in Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model
    Abdul Kadir A, Abdul Kadir A, Abd Hamid R, Mat Jais AM, Omar J, Sadagatullah AN, et al.
    Biomed Res Int, 2019;2019:6979585.
    PMID: 31355276 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6979585
    Objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate the chondroprotective activity of Channa striatus (Channa) and glucosamine sulphate (glucosamine) on histomorphometric examinations, serum biomarker, and inflammatory mediators in experimental osteoarthritis (OA) rabbit model.

    Design: Anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) was performed to induce OA in thirty-three male New Zealand white rabbits and were randomly divided into three groups: Channa, glucosamine, and control group. The control group received drinking water and the Channa and glucosamine groups were orally administered with 51.4 mg/kg of Channa extract and 77.5 mg/kg of glucosamine sulphate in drinking water, respectively, for eight weeks and then sacrificed. The articular cartilage was evaluated macroscopically and histologically using semiquantitative and quantitative methods. Serum cartilage oligomeric matric protein (COMP), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) enzyme, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were also determined.

    Results: Macroscopic analysis revealed that Channa group have a significantly lower severity grade of total macroscopic score compared to the control (p < 0.001) and glucosamine (p < 0.05) groups. Semiquantitative histology scoring showed that both Channa and glucosamine groups had lower severity grading of total histology score compared to the control group (p < 0.001). In comparison with the control, Channa group had lower histopathological changes in three compartments of the joint compared to glucosamine group which had lower histological scoring in two compartments only. The cartilage thickness, area, and roughness of both Channa (p < 0.05) and glucosamine (p < 0.05) groups were superior compared to the control group. However, the Channa group demonstrated significantly less cartilage roughness compared to the glucosamine group (p < 0.05). Serum COMP levels were lower in both Channa (p < 0.05) and glucosamine (p < 0.05) groups compared to the control group.

    Conclusion: Both oral administration of Channa extract and glucosamine exhibited chondroprotective action on an ACLT OA-induced rabbit model. However, Channa was superior to glucosamine in maintaining the structure of the cartilage.

    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis/drug therapy; Osteoarthritis/metabolism; Osteoarthritis/pathology
  5. Fulltext Adaptation and validation of the malay version of the Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life Questionnaire among knee osteoarthritis patients
    Abdul Kadir A, Mohd Arif MF, Ishak A, Hassan II, Mohd Noor N
    Biomed Res Int, 2018;2018:4329751.
    PMID: 29955601 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4329751
    Objective: To adapt and validate the Malay version of Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life (OAKHQOL) questionnaire.

    Design: The OAKHQOL was adapted into Malay version using forward-backward translation methodology. It was then validated in a cross-sectional study of 191 patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Patients completed the OAKHQOL and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. Confirmatory analysis, reliability analysis, and Pearson correlation test were performed.

    Results: The new five-factor model of 28 items demonstrated an acceptable level of goodness of fit (comparative fit index = 0.915, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.905, incremental fit index = 0.916, chi-squared/degree of freedom = 1.953, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.071), signifying a fit model. The Cronbach's alpha value and the composite reliability of each construct ranged from 0.865 to 0.933 and 0.819 to 0.921, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the OAKHQOL and the WOMAC showed adequate criterion validity. Known groups validity showed statistical difference in body mass index in physical activity, mental health, and pain construct. The pain domain was statistically different between the age groups.

    Conclusion: The Malay version OAKHQOL questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument to assess health-related quality of life in knee OA patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis, Hip*; Osteoarthritis, Knee*; Osteoarthritis, Knee/complications*
  6. Fulltext Knee osteoarthritis and its related issues: patients’ perspective
    Ahmad MA, Ajit Singh DK, Chua WQ, Abd Rahman NNA, Mohd Padzil FA, Hendri ENM
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2018;16(101):171-177.
    MyJurnal
    Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic joint disease that results in pain and disability in many people. Cultural practice may influence patients’ views about their condition, its related issues and management. The aim of our study was to explore the perspective about knee OA and its related issues among Malaysian patients with knee OA. Twelve patients diagnosed with knee OA (8 females and 4 males) attending physiotherapy sessions at a University Hospital, mean age (SD): 67.1(9.4) years and median visual analog scale score of 5/10 participated in this qualitative study. One to one in-depth interviews were conducted, audio recorded and later transcribed verbatim. Three main themes were identified from the transcribed data; knee pain and its’ related issues (reason and aggravating factors of knee pain, coping strategies), impact of knee pain (impact on daily activities and emotions) and physiotherapy management (effects and expectations of physiotherapy, compliance and adherence towards home exercises). Most participants expressed that their knee pain was aggravated by certain movements that had an effect on their daily activities namely squatting. The findings also suggested that physiotherapy management was perceived as secondary prevention rather than a cure. Findings from this study provides information about the perceptions and related issues of patients with knee OA. This information may help health professionals in tailoring patient-centered care and provide better management.
    Study site: Physiotherapy department, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis, Knee*
  7. Fulltext Knee associated problems and functional mobility among adults with knee osteoarthritis. [Abstract]
    Ajit Singh DK, Ngu ACY, Ahmad MA, Mohd Padzil FA, Hendri ENM, Kamsan SS
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2018;16(101):229-230.
    MyJurnal
    Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a major cause of disability and significantly reduce quality of life (QOL). There is limited information about knee associated problems and functional mobility among Malaysian adults with KOA. The aim of our study was to examine knee associated problems and functional mobility among this population. Forty-five (45) adults with KOA with mean age of 65.02 ± 8.083 were recruited from Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, UKM. Knee associated problems and functional mobility were measured using Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOS) and Timed-Up and Go (TUG) test respectively. The mean score and standard deviation for TUG test was 11.44 ± 2.69 seconds. Median scores (with interquartile ranges [IQR]) for the KOOS subscale domains were; Symptoms: 80.56, (69.44 to 91.67); Pain: 71.43 (50 to 78.57); Functional Activities of Daily Living: 82.3 (67.65 to 86.76); Sports and Recreation Function: 30 (20 to 60); and Knee-Related Quality of Life: 50 (25 to 75). Generally, participants’ TUG test performance showed that time taken to complete the test was higher than the reference values (7.14 to 8.43 seconds) identified among Malaysian community dwelling older adults with low to high risk of falls. The KOOS scores in adults with KOA in our study is similar to previous reports with Sport and Recreation Function and QOL domains been the most affected. It is important to improve functional mobility and balance in order to decrease falls risk and optimise sport and recreation function and QOL among adults with KOA.
    Study site: Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis, Knee*
  8. Fulltext The potential of intra-articular injection of chondrogenic-induced bone marrow stem cells to retard the progression of osteoarthritis in a sheep model
    Al Faqeh H, Nor Hamdan BM, Chen HC, Aminuddin BS, Ruszymah BH
    Exp Gerontol, 2012 Jun;47(6):458-64.
    PMID: 22759409 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2012.03.018
    In recent years, the use of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) implantation has provided an alternative treatment for osteoarthritis. The objective of this study is to determine whether or not an intra-articular injection of a single dose of autologous chondrogenic induced BMSC could retard the progressive destruction of cartilage in a surgically induced osteoarthritis in sheep. Sheep BMSCs were isolated and divided into two groups. One group was cultured in chondrogenic media containing (Ham's F12:DMEM, 1:1) FD+1% FBS+5 ng/ml TGFβ3+50 ng/ml IGF-1 (CM), and the other group was cultured in the basal media, FD+10% FBS (BM). The procedure for surgically induced osteoarthritis was performed on the donor sheep 6 weeks prior to intra-articular injection into the knee joint of a single dose of BMSC from either group, suspended in 5 ml FD at density of 2 million cells/ml. The control groups were injected with basal media, without cells. Six weeks after injection, gross evidence of retardation of cartilage destruction was seen in the osteoarthritic knee joints treated with CM as well as BM. No significant ICRS (International Cartilage Repair Society) scoring was detected between the two groups with cells. However macroscopically, meniscus repair was observed in the knee joint treated with CM. Severe osteoarthritis and meniscal injury was observed in the control group. Interestingly, histologically the CM group demonstrated good cartilage histoarchitecture, thickness and quality, comparable to normal knee joint cartilage. As a conclusion, intra-articular injection of a single dose of BMSC either chondrogenically induced or not, could retard the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) in a sheep model, but the induced cells indicated better results especially in meniscus regeneration.
    Study site: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis/pathology; Osteoarthritis/prevention & control*
  9. Cell based therapy for osteoarthritis in a sheep model: gross and histological assessment
    Alfaqeh H, Norhamdan MY, Chua KH, Chen HC, Aminuddin BS, Ruszymah BH
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:37-8.
    PMID: 19024972
    This study was to determine if autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured in chondrogenic medium could repair surgically induced osteoarthritis. Sheep BMSCs were cultured in medium containing 5ng/ml TGFbeta3 + 50ng/ml IGF-1 for three weeks. The cultured cells were then suspended at density of 2x10(6) cell/ml and injected intraarticularly into the osteoarthritic knee joint. After six weeks, the distal head of the femur and the proximal tibial plateau were removed and stained with H&E. The results indicated that knee joints treated with autologous BMSCs cultured in chondrogenic medium showed clear evidence of articular cartilage regeneration in comparison with other groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis/pathology; Osteoarthritis/therapy*
  10. Fulltext The levels of depression, anxiety, stress on pre and post knee Arthroplasty patients
    Ardilla Hanim Abdul Razak, Ahmad Hafiz Zulkifly, Ramli Musa, Mohd Shukrimi Awang, Goh, Kian Liang
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):39-39.
    MyJurnal
    Total knee arthroplasty represents a major advance in the treatment of
    degenerative joint disease. It provides excellent restoration of joint function and pain
    relief. The primary indication for total knee arthroplasty is to relieve pain caused by
    severe arthritis, with or without significant deformity. This study is to assess
    psychological impact pre and post arthroplasty. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis
  11. A survey of the primary care management of osteoarthritis in Malaysia: A view from a rheumatologist's perspective
    Arshad A, Rashid R, Das Gupta E
    Int J Rheum Dis, 2008;11(3):246-250.
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-185X.2008.00367.x
    Objective: Primary care management of knee osteoarthritis (OA) has received little attention in the scientific literature and the main reason for this survey is to study and explore the variations and patterns of primary care management and assess both conventional and complementary therapy usage in knee OA in the primary care setting.
    Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 200 randomly selected general practitioners (GPs) in the peninsular states of Malaysia was undertaken using a questionnaire. The GPs involved were asked about basic knowledge of OA in terms of diagnosis, investigation, and treatment. They were also asked about their usage of conventional and complementary medication.
    Results: One hundred and eighty (90%) GPs responded to the questionnaires sent: 77% were in solo practice and 33% in group practice. Most of the GPs surveyed (60%) had been in practice for more than 10 years, 30% for 5-10 years and 10% were in practice for less than 5 years. Of GPs surveyed, 55% saw an average of more than 20 patients per week, 35% about 10-20 patients and 10% less than 10 patients per week. Of GPs surveyed, 65% would arrange an X-ray, 55% would arrange a blood test, mostly serum uric acid, rheumatoid factor and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Pharmacological management consists of first-line treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (61%), analgesics (35%) or a combination of the two (4%). Non-pharmacological management consisted of advice on exercise (27%), weight reduction (33%) and referral to physiotherapy (10%). Of GPs surveyed, 85% prescribed some form of complementary medications, 60% prescribed glucosamine sulphate, 21% chondroitin sulphate, 11% cod liver oil and 9% evening primrose oil. Only 10% of GPs surveyed perform intra-articular injections.
    Conclusion: The data suggest that in the primary care setting, the majority of GPs over-investigate the diagnosis of OA. Pharmacological interventions largely concentrate on analgesics and NSAIDs. The use of physiotheraphy and non-drug approaches were significantly under-utilized. There is a need to further educate GPs in the management of OA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis
  12. Fulltext A pilot study of the primary care management of knee osteoarthritis in the Northern States of Malaysia.
    Arshad, A., Rashid, R.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2008;7(2):31-36.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Primary care management of knee osteoarthritis OA has received little attention in the scientific literature and the main reason of this survey is to study and explore the variations and patterns of primary care management and assess both conventional and complementary therapy usage in knee OA in the primary care setting. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional survey of 100 randomly selected general practitioners (GPs) in the northern states of Malaysia (Kedah, Perlis, Pulau Pinang) was undertaken using questionnaires. The GPs involved were asked about basic knowledge of OA in terms of diagnosis, investigation, and treatment of OA. They were also asked their usage of conventional and complementary medication. Results: 80 (80%) GPs responded to the questionnaires sent. 85% of GPs were in solo practice and 15% in group practice. Most of the GPs surveyed (69%) were in practice for more than 10 years, 21% in 5- 10 years and 10% were in practice for less than 5 years. 65% GPs surveyed see an average of more than 20 patients per week, 25% see about 10- 20 patients and 10% see less than 10 patients per week. 75% of GPs surveyed would arrange an X-ray. 65% of GPs surveyed will arrange a blood test, mostly serum uric acid, rheumatoid factor and ESR. Pharmacological management consists of first line treatment with analgesics (32%), NSAIDs (59%) or a combination of the two (4%). Non-pharmacological management consist of advise an exercise (37%), weight reduction (23%) and referral to physiotherapy (8%). 89% of GPs surveyed prescribed some form of complementary medications. 68% prescribed glucosamine sulphate, 29% chondroitin sulphate, 18% cod liver oil, 12% evening primrose oil. Only 5% of GPs surveyed perform intra- articular injection. Conclusion: The data suggest that in the primary care, majority of GP over investigate the diagnosis of OA. Pharmacological interventions largely concentrate on analgesic and NSAIDs. The use of physiotherapy and non drug approach were enormously under-utilized. There is a need to further educate GPs in the management of OA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis, Knee
  13. Fulltext Psychiatric manifestations in orthopedic patients on celecoxib therapy
    Arumugam M, Azhar MZ
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2010;6(2):41-42.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandin which is responsible for inflammation and pain. Celecoxib a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor was first used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in 1999. Celecoxib is as effective as NSAIDs but causes less ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract, hence it is commonly used. It has been widely used in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. We present 3 cases of temporary psychiatric disorders associated with consumption of celecoxib, two of the patients presented with auditory hallucinations while one was diagnosed to be having depression. None had pre-existing psychiatric disorders or consumed alcohol or substance of abuse. All 3 patients recovered from their temporary psychiatric disorders after stopping celecoxib. Discussion: It is important to be aware of the psychiatric side effects when prescribing the drug for prolonged periods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis
  14. Fulltext Acetabulum Protrusion Following Ceramic Liner Fracture: A Case Report
    Aytekin K, Esenyel CZ
    Malays Orthop J, 2018 Mar;12(1):45-47.
    PMID: 29725513 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1803.010
    Hip arthroplasty is an extremely satisfying treatment method for coxarthrosis which is in increasing use throughout the world. However, loosening of the prosthesis is a significant complication and to overcome this, ceramic liners are increasingly being selected. If the survival of ceramic surfaces is prolonged, there is a risk of fracture of the ceramic materials. New ceramic materials developed to overcome this problem are more resistant. The case presented here is of a patient in whom liner fracture developed following ceramic-ceramic hip arthroplasty. The ceramic femoral head was observed to have protruded into the defect created in the acetabular component. Acetabular revision was applied to the patient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis, Hip
  15. Septic arthritis of temporomandibular joint
    Azmi NS, Mohamad N, Razali NA, Zamli AKT, Sapiai NA
    Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):264-266.
    PMID: 33742643
    Septic arthritis (SA) occurrence for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare. Pain, fever, swelling or loss of TMJ function are the typical presentation. The more common diagnosis for these presentations is internal derangement, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, TMJ septic arthritis is a challenging diagnosis and at risk of delayed diagnosis. We present a case of TMJ septic arthritis in a 46 year old Malay female with underlying hypertension and hypercholestrolemia, which was diagnosed as internal derangement in the initial presentation. The initial radiograph was normal. Arthrocentesis procedure had temporarily relieved the symptoms before progressive facial swelling developed after a week. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) brain revealed left TMJ abscess formation with left condylar erosion. Patient subsequently improved after wound debridement, left condylectomy and antimicrobial therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis
  16. Fulltext Using Design of Experiments Methods for Assessing Peak Contact Pressure to Material Properties of Soft Tissue in Human Knee
    Bahraminasab M, Jahan A, Sahari B, Arumugam M, Shamsborhan M, Hassan MR
    J Med Eng, 2013;2013:891759.
    PMID: 27006925 DOI: 10.1155/2013/891759
    Contact pressure in the knee joint is a key element in the mechanisms of knee pain and osteoarthritis. Assessing the contact pressure in tibiofemoral joint is a challenging mechanical problem due to uncertainty in material properties. In this study, a sensitivity analysis of tibiofemoral peak contact pressure to the material properties of the soft tissue was carried out through fractional factorial and Box-Behnken designs. The cartilage was modeled as linear elastic material, and in addition to its elastic modulus, interaction effects of soft tissue material properties were added compared to previous research. The results indicated that elastic modulus of the cartilage is the most effective factor. Interaction effects of axial/radial modulus with elastic modulus of cartilage, circumferential and axial/radial moduli of meniscus were other influential factors. Furthermore this study showed how design of experiment methods can help designers to reduce the number of finite element analyses and to better interpret the results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis
  17. Exploring predictors of physical dysfunction associated with proprioception in Malaysian elderly individuals suffering from osteoarthritis of knee
    Bhaskar Raj N, Saha S, Saha S, Hashim HA, Mohd Zahir NEB, Huda F
    International Medical Journal (Tokyo), 2017;24(3):260-263.
    Background: This study was done to identify the problems associated with physical dysfunction in relation to proprioception in osteoarthrosis (OA) of knee. OA is a degenerative joint disorder, which commonly occurs in knee of middle aged and elderly patients, with a high prevalence rate amongst individuals with higher body-mass index. As the Community Orientated Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) reported that, 23% of Malaysians aging more than 55 yrs. and 39% of those aged more than 65 yrs. complained of sharp increase in knee pain.
    Materials and Methods: From a pool of six-hundred ninety-seven elderly individuals suffering from pain in knee, four-hundred forty-four individuals (two hundred fifty-three females and one-hundred ninety-one male patients) aging between fifty-six to sixty-five years were selected on the basis of Kellgren's (Grade - II) criteria of deficit in proprioception. Participants were subjected to assessment of body-composition analyses using the BOD-POD analyser. Extent of proprioception was evaluated by the Isokinetic device and problems associated with stiffness were evaluated by the 3D motion tracking system.
    Results: Following WOMAC assessment protocol, extent of difficulties associated with knee pain was evaluated. Regression analyses reports however revealed that, taller old individuals, if had higher BMI & higher extent of stiffness, were evident as having most difficulty in proprioception.
    Conclusion: Significance of perceived stiffness was evident, which in association with different metabolic indices emerged as significant predictor of deficient proprioception and related knee osteoarthrosis. © 2017 Japan Health Sciences University & Japan International Cultural Exchange Foundation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis, Knee*
  18. Java Tea (Orthosiphon stamineus) protected against osteoarthritis by mitigating inflammation and cartilage degradation: a preclinical study
    Bokhari RA, Tantowi NACA, Lau SF, Mohamed S
    Inflammopharmacology, 2018 Aug;26(4):939-949.
    PMID: 29380171 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0432-2
    The effect of Orthosiphon stamineus aqueous (OSA) extract against osteoarthritis (OA) was investigated in explant cartilage culture and in postmenopausal OA rat model. Female rats were bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX). Osteoarthritis was induced after surgical recovery, by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the right knee. Rats were grouped (n = 8) into: healthy sham control; non-treated OA; OA + diclofenac (positive control 5 mg/kg); and two doses OSA (150-300 mg/kg). After 4 weeks' treatment, rats were evaluated for OA-related parameters and biomarkers. The OSA reduced proteoglycan and ROS release from the cartilage explants under inflammatory (IL-1b) conditions. In the OA-induced rats' cartilages, the OSA downregulated the mRNA expressions for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, NF-κβ, NOS2, PTGS2, PTGER2, ACAN, COL2A1, MMP1, MMP13, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5 and TIMP1, mostly dose-dependently. The OSA reduced the OA rats' serum levels for PGE2, CTX-II, TNF-α, MMP1, MMP13, PIINP, OPG, RANKL, OC and BALP, but not dose-dependently. The OSA contained polyphenols and flavonoids (tetramethoxyflavone). The OSA alleviated articular cartilage degradation, inflammation, collagenase/aggrecanase activities, to improve joint and subchondral bone structure. O. stamineus mitigated osteoarthritis by downregulating inflammation, peptidases and aggrecanases, at a dose equivalent to about 30 mg/kg for humans.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis/drug therapy*; Osteoarthritis/pathology
  19. Thirty-three cases of acute arthritis in Sabah
    Burns-Cox CJ
    Med J Malaya, 1964 Sep;19:25-9.
    PMID: 14240057
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis*
  20. Medium-term (5-year) comparison of the functional outcomes of combined anterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner reconstruction compared with isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
    Cartwright-Terry M, Yates J, Tan CK, Pengas IP, Banks JV, McNicholas MJ
    Arthroscopy, 2014 Jul;30(7):811-7.
    PMID: 24794571 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2014.02.039
    To present a 5-year comparison of the functional outcomes of combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction with those of isolated ACL reconstruction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis/surgery; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery
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