Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 83 in total

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  1. Fulltext Morphology of maxillary first molars analyzed by cone-beam computed tomography among Malaysian: variations in the number of roots and canals and the incidence of fusion
    Aws Hashim Al-Kadhim, Normaliza AB Malik, Azlan Jaafar, Zainul Ahmad Rajion
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(2):33-39.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: A few studies investigated the numerous potential endodontic uses of CBCT, including the
    examination of root canal morphology and presumed that CBCT was effective for the initial identification of
    such morphology; moreover CBCT is a reliable method for the detection of the MB2 canal when compared
    with the gold standard of physical sectioning of the specimen. The aim of this study was to identify the root
    and canal morphology of the maxillary first molars among Malaysians analysed by cone-beam computed
    tomography (CBCT) images.

    Materials and Methods: Maxillary first (n = 421) molars from Malaysian patients
    (n = 241) of Malay, Chinese and Indians inceptions were examined by two Endodontists using in vivo CBCT
    methods. The number and configuration of roots, the number of root canals, and the canal configuration
    according to Vertucci’s classification were determined.

    Results: Single roots were not found in maxillary
    first molars. The incidence of fused roots was 1.995% in the first molars between mesiobuccal and
    distobuccal roots. In (421) 3-rooted maxillary first molars, additional canals were found in 45.6% of the
    mesiobuccal (MB) roots and 0% of the distobuccal (DB) roots. Bilateral symmetry of the MB roots was found
    in 82.36% of the first molar. Only one tooth was found to have pulp stone inside the pulp chamber.

    Conclusions: The root and canal configuration of a Malaysian population showed different features from
    those of other populations. CBCT scans can enhance the understanding of root canal anatomy, with the
    potential of improving the outcome of endodontic treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
  2. Fulltext Effects of resin cements on hardness and thickness around titanium post: an intraradicular assessment
    Lim, Siau Peng, Fazal Reza, Zaihan Ariffin
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2011;6(2):1-10.
    MyJurnal
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate hardness (indicator for polymerization) and thickness of two types of resin cement at coronal, middle and apical level of tooth root canal. Ten extracted maxillary incisors were instrumented and post space was prepared for cementation of titanium post. Samples were divided into two groups and each group was cemented either of the two types of resin cements; Panavia F [dual-cured (PF)] and Rely X Luting 2 [self-cured (RL)]. The teeth were longitudinally sectioned; hardness and thickness was measured using Vickers hardness tester and a microscope (Leica DMLM). SEM observations along the cement line at the 3 different root levels were performed. Statistical analysis was performed to test significance of differences in hardness and thickness of the two types of cement (t-test; p= 0.05) and at different levels of the same type (one-way ANOVA followed by multiple comparison; p= 0.05). Significant difference of hardness was found at the apical level between the two groups and between the coronal and apical level of PF (p0.05). Moreover, voids were more obvious within the dual-cured group of cement. Dual-cured resin cement was found to be less polymerized than self-cured type at apical level. Increased thicknesses of resin cements in comparison to post space size were observed in both groups. Use of metallic post with resin cements needs further evaluation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
  3. Structural break unit-root tests: an empirical study of Malaysian equity markets
    Chin WC, Zaidi Isa
    Sains Malaysiana, 2009;38.
    This research investigated the unit-root tests using nonparametric sequences-reversals (S-R), Phillip-Perron (PP) tests and parametric Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test for the Malaysian equity indices. Under the considerations of drift and structural break, it was found that during the restructuring period after the Asian financial crisis, most of the indices provided evidences against the unit-root tests. These results are somewhat contrasted with the conventional unit-root tests that ignored the impact of structural changes. In addition, the S-R tests were found to have little power to identify the deviations from the unit-root even after the inclusion of structural break.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
  4. Experimental determination of optimal force system required for control of anterior tooth movement in sliding mechanics
    Sia S, Shibazaki T, Koga Y, Yoshida N
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2009 Jan;135(1):36-41.
    PMID: 19121498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.01.034
    This study was designed to determine the optimum vertical height of the retraction force on the power arm that is required for efficient anterior tooth retraction during space closure with sliding mechanics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root/pathology
  5. Intracanal bisphosphonate does not inhibit replacement resorption associated with delayed replantation of monkey incisors
    Thong YL, Messer HH, Zain RB, Saw LH, Yoong LT
    Dent Traumatol, 2009 Aug;25(4):386-93.
    PMID: 19459923 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00631.x
    Progressive replacement resorption following delayed replantation of avulsed teeth has proved to be an intractable clinical problem. A wide variety of therapeutic approaches have failed to result in the predictable arrest of resorption, with a good long-term prognosis for tooth survival. Bisphosphonates are used in the medical management of a range of bone disorders and topically applied bisphosphonate has been reported to inhibit root resorption in dogs. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a bisphosphonate (etidronate disodium) as an intracanal medicament in the root canals of avulsed monkey teeth, placed before replantation after 1 h of extraoral dry storage. Incisors of six Macaca fascicularis monkeys were extracted and stored dry for 1 h. Teeth were then replanted after canal contamination with dental plaque (negative control) or after root canal debridement and placement of etidronate sealed in the canal space. A positive control of calcium hydroxide placed 8-9 days after replantation was also included. All monkeys were sacrificed 8 weeks later and block sections were prepared for histomorphometric assessment of root resorption and periodontal ligament status. Untreated teeth showed the greatest extent of root resorption (46% of the root surface), which was predominantly inflammatory in nature. Calcium hydroxide treated teeth showed the lowest overall level of resorption (<30% of the root surface), while the bisphosphonate-treated group was intermediate (39%). Ankylosis, defined as the extent of the root surface demonstrating direct bony union to both intact and resorbed root surface, was the lowest in the untreated control group (15% of the root surface), intermediate in the calcium hydroxide group (27%) and the highest in the bisphosphonate group (41%). Bony attachment to the tooth root was divided approximately equally between attachment to intact cementum and to previously resorbed dentin. Overall, bisphosphonate resulted in a worse outcome than calcium hydroxide in terms of both root resorption and ankylosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root/pathology
  6. Bone regeneration at the distal aspect of the adjacent second molar after lower third molar coronectomy: a long-term analysis
    Leung YY, Yeung AWK, Ismail IN, Wong NSM
    Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2020 Oct;49(10):1360-1366.
    PMID: 32340909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.03.016
    A residual bone defect at the distal aspect of the adjacent second molar may occur after total removal of the lower third molar. Lower third molar coronectomy has been proved to be a safe alternative to total removal, but the extent of bone regeneration at the adjacent tooth after coronectomy is not well reported. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the long-term bone regeneration at the distal aspect of the adjacent second molar after lower third molar coronectomy. Preoperative and postoperative cone beam computed tomography scans were measured to assess bone regeneration at the distobuccal (DB), mid-distal (MD), and distolingual (DL) aspects of the lower second molar. Forty-eight coronectomies in 37 patients (23 female) with a mean±standard deviation age of 29.1±7.2 years were assessed. The mean follow-up was 93.2±8.7 months. The mean bone level increase at DB, MD, and DL aspects was 3.2±1.6mm, 3.5±1.5mm, and 3.2±1.6mm, respectively; the bone levels were significantly higher than the preoperative measurements (P<0.001). Age and impaction patterns were not factors affecting bone regeneration. Based on this study, it appears that coronectomy of the lower third molar brings favourable bone regeneration at the distal aspect of the adjacent second molar.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
  7. Fulltext Silver Colloid Staining of Sclerotic and Non-sclerotic Dentine
    Mohd. Bakri, M., Mohamed, N.H., Whittaker, D.A.
    Ann Dent, 2003;10(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    Phosphophoryn, a higWyphosphorylated protein, is the most abundant protein among the non-collagenous protein of dentine. The staining of phosphophoryn can be done by using the silver colloid staining. In this paper, the staining effect of the silver colloid stain on both non-sclerotic and sclerotic dentine was investigated. Eight teeth from donors aged 14, 17, 22, 34, 55, 57, 60 and 65 were used for this experiment. The younger teeth were used to demonstrate normal root dentine while the older age teeth were used to demonstrate sclerotic root dentine at the apical region of the root. There was no staining of the normal root dentine as compared to sclerotic dentine when the silver colloid staining was used.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
  8. Fulltext Ultrasructure of THe Crown and Root Odontoblasts
    Mohd. Bakri, M., Whittaker, D.A.
    Ann Dent, 2003;10(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    The ultrastructure of the odontoblast reflects the certain phases that the cell undergoes in their lifecycle. Ultrastructure studies of the odontoblasts have often been carried out using young teeth. In this study, teeth from an older individual have been used to study the odontoblasts from the crown and root area. The odontoblasts from the crown area retain their columnar shape while odontoblasts from the root area appeared to be flattened. The organelles present in the odontoblasts either from the crown or root area was observed to be reduced.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
  9. A unit root test based on the modified least squares estimator
    Wararit Panichkitkosolkul
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:1623-1633.
    A unit root test based on the modified least squares (MLS) estimator for first-order autoregressive process is proposed and compared with unit root tests based on the ordinary least squares (OLS), the weighted symmetric (WS) and the modified weighted symmetric (MWS) estimators. The percentiles of the null distributions of the unit root test are also reported. The empirical probabilities of type I error and powers of the unit root tests were estimated via Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation results showed that all unit root tests can control the probability of type I error for all situations. The empirical power of the test is higher than the other unit root tests, and Apart from that, the and tests also provide the highest empirical power. As an illustration, the monthly series of U.S. nominal interest rates on three-month treasury bills is analyzed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
  10. Cross-sectional morphology and minimum canal wall widths in C-shaped roots of mandibular molars
    Chai WL, Thong YL
    J Endod, 2004 Jul;30(7):509-12.
    PMID: 15220648
    The cross-sectional canal morphology and minimum widths of buccal and lingual canal walls were studied in 20 mandibular molars with C-shaped roots and canal orifices. The roots were mounted in clear resin blocks and sectioned transversely at 1-mm intervals. A total of 154 cross-sections were evaluated with an image analyzer. Twelve different longitudinal canal configurations were identified. The most prevalent were types 1-2 and 1-2-1 with each type occurring in four roots. Evaluation of the cross-sectional morphology showed that the configurations were complete "C" (27%), incomplete C (64%), and non-C (9%). The mean value for the minimum width of the lingual canal wall was 0.58 +/- 0.21 mm and the buccal wall was 0.96 +/- 0.26 mm. This suggests that there is a higher risk of root perforation at the thinner lingual walls of C-shaped canals during shaping and post canal preparation procedures. Both buccal and lingual canal walls were frequently narrower at mesial locations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root/pathology*
  11. Tooth mineralization stages as a diagnostic tool for assessment of skeletal maturity
    Surendran S, Thomas E
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2014 Jan;145(1):7-14.
    PMID: 24373650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.09.007
    The objective of this study was to determine whether dental calcification can be used as a first-level diagnostic tool for assessment of skeletal maturity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root/growth & development; Tooth Root/radiography
  12. Double rooted mandibular canines--report of three cases
    Teck LS
    Dent J Malaysia Singapore, 1968 Feb;8(1):33-5.
    PMID: 5248556
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root/abnormalities
  13. Fulltext Time series analysis of factors affecting the demand for local rice in Malaysia
    Chung, B. H., Tan, J. R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(5):1870-1877.
    MyJurnal
    The own price, income and price of a substitute are the determinants of demand in the classical theory of consumer behavior. We used the theory to analyze the demand for local rice in Malaysia by using time series variables. We examined whether there is a long run relationship among the variables by using the unit root and cointegration tests. We then conducted the Granger causality, variance decomposition and impulse response function tests to examine their directions of causality as well as short term dynamics. The results show that there is a long run relationship among the variables and a unidirectional causality from price and income to demand. There are also lagged and short term dynamics among the variables.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
  14. Fulltext Alternative Technique To Remove Lateral Periodontal Cystlike Lesion The Tunnelling Approach
    Ngeow, W.C., Shanmuhasuntharam, P.
    Ann Dent, 1997;4(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    Surgery done around gingival margin may eventually result in loss of attachment and recession of the gingiva. Root hypersensitivity is another possible complication when coupled with overzealous tooth brushing by the patients. This paper presents an alternative method to remove a lesion located at the lateral cervical third of a root. Its advantage is that the gingival margin is kept intact.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
  15. Radiographic artifact mimicking root fracture
    Shanmuhasuntharam P
    Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol., 1993 Jul;76(1):131.
    PMID: 8351112
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root/injuries*
  16. Evaluation of structural and compositional changes on the root surface exposed to diode laser (810 nm): An In-vitro study
    Jayachandran D, Selvaraj S, Priya S, Kukkamalla MA, Senkalvarayan V
    Indian J Dent Res, 2023;34(1):19-23.
    PMID: 37417051 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_723_22
    BACKGROUND: The laser therapy has been used as an adjuvant for conventional periodontal disease as they exhibit a bactericidal effect on scaling and root planning by its thermal and photo disruptive effects on the pathogens. This study focuses on the structural and compositional changes induced on the root surfaces of teeth following diode laser (DL) application with increasing quantum of exposure time.

    OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the structural and compositional changes on the root surface of extracted human permanent teeth after application of DLs (810 nm) with varying time interval.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty samples of single-rooted periodontally compromised extracted teeth were utilized for this study. Root planning was done and the roughness caused by the instrumentation was measured using profilometric analysis. Then, the samples were divided into four groups, with DL application time: Group 1 - laser application for 15 s, Group 2 - laser application for 30 s, Group 3 - laser application for 45 s, and Group 4 - laser application for 60 s. A scanning electron microscope was used to examine the cemental surface and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis software assesses the compositional changes of the teeth in each group.

    RESULTS: This study reveals that on exposure of DL (810 nm) on the root surface when time of exposure increases, there were relative increases in surface irregularities and charring. There were significant changes in the chemical composition of the tooth surface.

    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root*
  17. Periodontal response to two intracanal medicaments in replanted monkey incisors
    Thong YL, Messer HH, Siar CH, Saw LH
    Dent Traumatol, 2001 Dec;17(6):254-9.
    PMID: 11766092
    Intracanal medicaments are recommended for use in replanted teeth to inhibit inflammatory root resorption. This study compared the effect of calcium hydroxide (Pulpdent) and a corticosteroid-antibiotic paste (Ledermix) on periodontal healing and root resorption following replantation. Incisors of eight Macaca fascicularis monkeys were extracted, stored dry for 15 min and replanted. After 11 days, root canals in two adjacent maxillary incisors were treated with one medicament and contralateral incisors with the other medicament, or left as untreated controls. Animals were sacrificed 8 weeks later and the teeth prepared for histomorphometric evaluation of periodontal ligament inflammation and root resorption. Periodontal ligament inflammation and inflammatory root resorption were markedly inhibited by both calcium hydroxide and corticosteroid-antibiotic relative to untreated controls. Replacement resorption was lowest in the corticosteroid-antibiotic group, and significantly (P<0.05) more normal periodontal ligament was present in this group (79.6%) than in calcium hydroxide and control groups (64.6% and 62.7%, respectively). Treatment with the corticosteroid-antibiotic inhibited inflammatory resorption and was slightly more effective than calcium hydroxide in producing a periodontal healing response.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root/drug effects; Tooth Root/pathology
  18. Diagnostic ability of computed tomography using DentaScan software in endodontics: case reports
    Siotia J, Gupta SK, Acharya SR, Saraswathi V
    Int J Comput Dent, 2011;14(4):321-34.
    PMID: 22324223
    Radiographic examination is essential in diagnosis and treatment planning in endodontics. Conventional radiographs depict structures in two dimensions only. The ability to assess the area of interest in three dimensions is advantageous. Computed tomography is an imaging technique which produces three-dimensional images of an object by taking a series of two-dimensional sectional X-ray images. DentaScan is a computed tomography software program that allows the mandible and maxilla to be imaged in three planes: axial, panoramic, and cross-sectional. As computed tomography is used in endodontics, DentaScan can play a wider role in endodontic diagnosis. It provides valuable information in the assessment of the morphology of the root canal, diagnosis of root fractures, internal and external resorptions, pre-operative assessment of anatomic structures etc. The aim of this article is to explore the clinical usefulness of computed tomography and DentaScan in endodontic diagnosis, through a series of four cases of different endodontic problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root/injuries
  19. Fulltext A Comparative Evaluation of Five Obturation Techniques in the Management of Simulated Internal Resorptive Cavities: An Ex Vivo Study
    Elenjikal MJ, Latheef AA, Kader MAM, Ganapathy S, Mohamed AB, Sainudeen SS, et al.
    J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2019 May;11(Suppl 2):S450-S456.
    PMID: 31198386 DOI: 10.4103/JPBS.JPBS_75_19
    Background: Root resorption is the loss of dental hard tissues as a result of clastic activities. It might be broadly classified into external or internal resorption by the location of the resorption in relation to the root surface. the various techniques used these days for filling internal resorption include warm condensation, vertical condensation, core techniques, thermoplasticized gutta-percha, warm vertical compaction, and cold lateral condensation.

    Objectives: The aims and objectives of this study were to compare the quality of root fillings in artificially created internal resorption cavities filled with warm vertical compaction, lateral condensation, Obtura II along with System B, E and Q plus along with System B, and Thermafil, and to calculate the percentage of gutta-percha, sealer, and voids using an ImageJ software.

    Results: Results between the warm vertical compaction (group I), lateral condensation (group II), Obtura II with System B (group III), E and Q plus with System B (group IV), and Thermafil (group V), group III showed the highest percentage of gutta-percha plus sealer and gutta-percha, and least number of voids, which was statistically significant (P < 0.000).

    Conclusion: It can be concluded that Obtura II along with System B was found to be the most suitable obturation technique for the management of teeth exhibiting internal resorption. Thermafil was found to give the poorest obturation quality when used to fill the teeth with internal resorption. Similarly, lateral condensation technique was observed to show maximum sealer and hence was not ideal for the management of internal resorptive cavities.

    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
  20. Fulltext Scanning Electron Microscopic Examination of Root Canal Walls of Deciduous Molars with Necrotic Pulp
    Rusmah, M.
    Ann Dent, 1995;2(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    The root canal walls of twenty -five deciduous molar teeth with exposed and necrotic pulps were examined using thescanning electronmicroscope. Immediately after extraction, all teeth were fixed in Kamosky's solution. The coronal portion of the tooth was sectioned at about 2mm above the enamel cemental junction.The mesial and distal roots were separat~d and either split in the mesio-distal or bucco-lingual direction. All specimens were prepared for SEM. Obsevations showed that all roots were infected with organisms consisting of cocciand short rods. Some of the coccihad penetrated the dentine layer. However, the distribution of organisms is. not uniform throughout thecanals. Bacterialinvasion ismostinthecoronal region and reduces towards the apical region: Accompanying bacterial invasion is root canal walls deterioration. The odontoblastic processes are the first to deteriorate followed by the predentine layer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tooth Root
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