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  1. Large-Scale Expansion of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
    Hassan MNFB, Yazid MD, Yunus MHM, Chowdhury SR, Lokanathan Y, Idrus RBH, et al.
    Stem Cells Int, 2020;2020:9529465.
    PMID: 32733574 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9529465
    Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with strong immunosuppressive property that renders them an attractive source of cells for cell therapy. MSCs have been studied in multiple clinical trials to treat liver diseases, peripheral nerve damage, graft-versus-host disease, autoimmune diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular damage. Millions to hundred millions of MSCs are required per patient depending on the disease, route of administration, frequency of administration, and patient body weight. Multiple large-scale cell expansion strategies have been described in the literature to fetch the cell quantity required for the therapy. In this review, bioprocessing strategies for large-scale expansion of MSCs were systematically reviewed and discussed. The literature search in Medline and Scopus databases identified 26 articles that met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. These articles described the large-scale expansion of 7 different sources of MSCs using 4 different bioprocessing strategies, i.e., bioreactor, spinner flask, roller bottle, and multilayered flask. The bioreactor, spinner flask, and multilayered flask were more commonly used to upscale the MSCs compared to the roller bottle. Generally, a higher expansion ratio was achieved with the bioreactor and multilayered flask. Importantly, regardless of the bioprocessing strategies, the expanded MSCs were able to maintain its phenotype and potency. In summary, the bioreactor, spinner flask, roller bottle, and multilayered flask can be used for large-scale expansion of MSCs without compromising the cell quality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  2. DASS21: A Useful Tool in the Psychological Profile Evaluation of Dialysis Patients
    Liu WJ, Musa R, Chew TF, Lim CTS, Morad Z, Bujang MAB
    Am J Med Sci, 2018 04;355(4):322-330.
    PMID: 29661345 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2017.11.015
    BACKGROUND: The effect of dialysis treatment is complex, with both clinical and socio-psychological effects. In this study, we aimed to assess the psychological status of this growing population of end-stage renal disease.

    METHODS: Using the Short Form of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21) questionnaire, we aimed (1) to measure the psychological states of hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) subjects from 15 sites, (2) to compare DASS21 scores between HD and PD, and (3) to identify the associated demographic and medical factors of better psychological states.

    RESULTS: A total of 1,332 were eligible for analysis. Stress (48%) recorded the highest negative emotional states, followed by depression (37%) and anxiety (20%). By multivariate analysis, normal body mass index weight status, religion and absence of coronary artery disease were associated with lower score for depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. Tertiary education was associated with the lowest score in depression and anxiety, whereas HD had a lower score in stress than PD. A younger age was associated with worse DASS21 score of anxiety and stress.

    CONCLUSIONS: Obesity, religion and coronary artery disease were significantly associated with all 3 symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Older age has a protective effect on anxiety and stress. Further study is needed to evaluate the relationship between these significant factors and each psychological state.

    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  3. Fulltext A laboratory study of fluoride concentration in infant formulas marketed in Malaysia and estimation of daily intake
    Mohd Desa, S. N. F., Muhamad, N. A., Mohd Nor, N. A., Abdul Razak, F., Abdul Manan, N. S., Abdul Manan, N. S., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2020;27(5):893-902.
    MyJurnal
    The window of maximum susceptibility for the development of dental fluorosis for anterior
    teeth is during the first two to three years of life. The primary source of fluoride intake for
    infants at this age is mainly from the diet including infant formula. Thus, the present work
    aimed to investigate the fluoride concentration in commercially available Malaysian infant
    formulas that required reconstitution before consumption. A total of 29 infant formulas available in the Malaysian market were reconstituted with deionised water, fluoridated tap water,
    and filtered tap water. The fluoride concentration of the infant formulas was analysed directly
    using a fluoride ion selective electrode. The daily fluoride intake estimation from the infant
    formulas was calculated using the median infant body weight and recommended volumes for
    formula consumption from newborn to > 12 months of age. Results showed that the fluoride
    concentration of the infant formulas when reconstituted with deionised water ranged between
    0.009 to 0.197 mg/L that contributed to the estimated daily fluoride intake ranging from 0.005
    to 0.100 mg (total intake per day) or 0.001 to 0.025 mg/kg (total intake per body weight/day).
    The fluoride concentration in the selected infant formulas was low, but after reconstitution
    with fluoridated tap water, the overall fluoride concentration in infant formulas sample significantly increased (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, the estimated daily fluoride intake from infant
    formulas alone did not exceed the lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) of fluoride
    at 0.10 mg/kg/day.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  4. Heavy metals contamination in lipsticks and their associated health risks to lipstick consumers
    Zakaria A, Ho YB
    Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 2015 Oct;73(1):191-5.
    PMID: 26190304 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.07.005
    This study aimed to determine the heavy metals (lead, cadmium, and chromium) concentration in lipsticks of different price categories sold in the Malaysian market and evaluate the potential health risks due to daily ingestion of heavy metals in lipsticks. A total of 374 questionnaires were distributed to the female staff in a public university in Malaysia in order to obtain information such as brand and price of the lipsticks, body weight, and frequency and duration of wearing lipstick. This information was important for the calculation of hazard quotient (HQ) in health risk assessment. The samples were extracted using a microwave digester and analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The concentrations of lead, cadmium, and chromium in lipsticks ranged from 0.77 to 15.44 mg kg(-1), 0.06-0.33 mg kg(-1), and 0.48-2.50 mg kg(-1), respectively. There was a significant difference of lead content in the lipsticks of different price categories. There was no significant non-carcinogenic health risk due to the exposure of these heavy metals through lipstick consumption for the prolonged exposure of 35 years (HQ < 1).
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  5. Fulltext Beet-root oral rehydration salts and carrot oral rehydration salts formula in stopping diarrhea and enhancing hydration status
    Chandrika Murugaiah, Constance Liew Sat Lin, Hassanain Al-Talib, Mehru Nisha, Mohamad Salih Falah, Nelbon Giloi, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):37-0.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Cholera is an infection caused by the bacterium Vibriocholerae that causes severe watery diarrhoea, which can lead to dehydration. Beet-roothas been shown to induce favourable outcomes and holds promise as an economic, practical natural dietary intervention in cholera. Methods: Systematic search of peer-reviewed literature on beet-root ORS and carrot ORS use for acute diarrhoea in below 6-year-old. We identified 3 studies for abstraction. Results: A study had compared a commercial carrot/rice-based ORS A (Na 52 mmol/L) and two glucose-based ORS B (Na 55 mmol/L) and C (Na 90 mmol/L). Fluid intake, faecal and urine output and absorption of fluid was measured in 161 infants and children (3-48 months old) during the first 48 hours after admission. The number of stools (p < 0.01) and the mean faecal output (p < 0.05) per kg body weight were significantly lower in group A. Children in group A also had significantly (p < 0.01) greater fluid absorption (mean 464 ml/kg) than in groups C (312 ml/kg) and B (140 ml/kg). Conclusions: While there are some promising results, this analysis indicates that the need for further investi- gation into approaches to increasing beet-root ORS and carrot ORS use.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  6. Noni (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) fruit juice attenuates the rewarding effect of ethanol in conditioned place preference in mice
    Pandy V, Khan Y
    Exp Anim, 2016 Nov 1;65(4):437-445.
    PMID: 27333840
    Morinda citrifolia L. commonly known as noni or Indian mulberry belongs to the family Rubiaceae. Noni fruit juice has recently become a very popular remedy for the treatment of several diseases, including psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to investigate the anticraving effect of Tahitian Noni® Juice (TNJ) against ethanol seeking behavior in ICR male mice using the conditioned place preference (CPP) test. The CPP procedure consisted of four phases: preconditioning, conditioning, extinction, and reinstatement. During conditioning, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of ethanol (2 g/kg body weight (bw)) and normal saline (10 ml/kg bw) were given on alternate days for 12 days. Then, the animals were subjected to extinction trials for the next 12 days to weaken CPP. Finally, CPP was reinstated in the extinguished animals by a single low-dose priming injection of ethanol (0.4 g/kg bw, i.p.). The effect of TNJ (as a source of drinking water) on different phases of ethanol CPP in mice was studied. TNJ-treated mice showed a significant reduction in ethanol seeking behavior in the CPP test. The reference drug, acamprosate (ACAM) also showed a similar effect in the CPP test. The outcome of this study suggests that TNJ is effective in attenuating ethanol craving in mice and could be utilized for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Further clinical studies in this direction are warranted to support the present preclinical findings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  7. Fulltext Effectiveness of a nutrition education intervention for primary school children: the healthy kids programme, Malaysia
    Chin Yit Siew, Tee E Siong, Zawiah Hashim, Rasyedah Ahmad Raqi, Norimah A Karim
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(106):1-10.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: This paper discussed the effectiveness of “Healthy Kids Programme (HKP)”, specifically in improving the body weight status as well as knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the children. Methods: In this longi- tudinal intervention study, a total of 12 primary schools in Klang Valley were randomly selected and divided into intervention and control groups. There were 386 standard three children participated at baseline. All children in the intervention group participated in the HKP that was conducted by nutritionists. The evaluations included the pre- and post-Immediate Impact survey (IIS) (every topic), and changes in nutrition KAP survey and anthropometric assess- ment of the children at the beginning and end of every year for three years. Results: School children in intervention group reported with an increased in the IIS score for each topic and achieved a significantly higher mean nutrition knowledge score than those in the control group over time. There were no significant differences in mean attitude and practice scores between two groups after the intervention. Children in the intervention group had lower rates of overweight and obesity (pre-test: 27.3%; post-test: 32.5%) than their counterpart (pre-test: 26.6%; post-test: 44.0%). Conclusions: The HKP is effective in improving nutrition knowledge of the children. A lower rate of overweight and obesity was observed in intervention group than control group. This approach will contribute towards inculcating healthy eating and active lifestyle habits among Malaysian children that bring about long-term health benefits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  8. Fulltext Overweight and obesity among children: a relationship between maternal beliefs and feeding practices with children’s body mass index-for-age in Bandar and Jugra Kuala Langat Selangor
    Asrawati Awalina Aslan, Norhasmah Sulaiman
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(106):11-18.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Childhood obesity is one of the major public concerns as prevalence was showing an increasing trend in Malaysia. This study aimed to determine the associations between maternal beliefs, attitudes and feeding practices with children’s Body Mass Index-for-age (BMI-for-age). Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Bandar and Jugra, Kuala Langat, Selangor in two-phase. The first phase was conducted to determine the prevalence of children’s body weight status involving 209 pairs of mothers and children. The second phase of the study aims to determine the socio-demographic characteristics, maternal beliefs, maternal attitudes and feeding practices with childhood obesity involving 148 pairs of mothers and children whose BMI-for-age are normal, overweight and obese only. A set of self-administered questionnaire was answered by the mothers and anthropometric measurements of children were taken. Results: Overall, about 24.9% of the children were overweight and obese. Maternal employ- ment status (X2 = 9.135, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  9. Fulltext Anthropometry measurements to determine nutritional status among cerebral palsy children: a scoping review
    Mahnon Suria Mokhy, Rosita Jamaluddin, Abd Rasyid Ismail, Woan Yie Siah, Norhasmah Sulaiman, Siti Nur ‘Asyura Adznam, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(106):213-218.
    MyJurnal
    This article aimed to review the available anthropometry measurements used in the assessment of nutritional sta- tus among Cerebral Palsy (CP) children. Searched journals were from Medline, PubMed and Ovid published from 2015 to 2018. The search identified 443 articles, and eight studies met the criteria. Anthropometric measurements included weight, height, recumbent length, knee height, tibia length, Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), Bio- electrical impedance (BIA), Mid arm circumference (MUAC) subscapular skinfold (SFT), Triceps skinfold (TSF) and prediction equations. Body fat composition can be obtained by DXA, BIA, skinfold measurement, and also prediction equation. The predictive equation is the most reported method to determine nutritional status among CP. This review found that TSF and SFT are more accurate to determine body fat percentage when using together with the predictive equation. Besides, predictive equations using segmental length are reliable in estimating the height and can be used to evaluate the nutritional status using the specific CP growth chart.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  10. Fulltext Taste Sensitivity and Taste Preference among Malay Children Aged 7 to 12 Years in Kuala Lumpur-A Pilot Study
    Lim LS, Tang XH, Yang WY, Ong SH, Naumovski N, Jani R
    Pediatr Rep, 2021 May 18;13(2):245-256.
    PMID: 34069893 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric13020034
    The taste and food preferences in children can affect their food intake and body weight. Bitter and sweet taste sensitivities were identified as primary taste contributors to children's preference for consuming various foods. This pilot study aimed to determine the taste sensitivity and preference for bitter and sweet tastes in a sample of Malaysian children. A case-control study was conducted among 15 pairs of Malay children aged 7 to 12 years. Seven solutions at different concentrations of 6-n-propylthiouracil and sucrose were prepared for testing bitterness and sweet sensitivity, respectively. The intensity of both bitter and sweet sensitivity was measured using a 100 mm Labelled Magnitude Scale (LMS), while the taste preference was rated using a 5-point Likert scale. The participants were better at identifying bitter than sweet taste (median score 6/7 vs. 4/7). No significant differences were detected for both tastes between normal-weight and overweight groups (bitter: 350 vs. 413, p = 0.273; sweet: 154 vs. 263, p = 0.068), as well as in Likert readings (bitter 9 vs. 8: p = 0.490; sweet 22 vs. 22: p = 0.677). In this sample of Malay children, the participants were more sensitive to bitterness than sweetness, yet presented similar taste sensitivity and preference irrespective of their weight status. Future studies using whole food samples are warranted to better characterize potential taste sensitivity and preference in children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  11. Does physical activity and body weight status determine musculoskeletal health among adolescents in Malaysia?
    Che Hasan MK, Abdullah F, Firdaus MKZH, Jamaludin FIC
    Enferm Clin, 2021 04;31 Suppl 2:S247-S251.
    PMID: 33849174 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.09.010
    This study was conducted to examine the association between physical activity (PA) and body weight status among adolescents in rural and urban areas. This cross-sectional study involved 257 adolescents aged 13-19 years, randomly selected from secondary schools around Kelantan, Malaysia. Body weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The students completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form, to assess their physical activity. Ethical clearance was obtained from respected bodies. Adolescents in the urban area had significantly higher BMI (p-value<0.001) and lower physical activity (p-value<0.001) than adolescents in the rural area. A significant association also found between BMI and PA in both urban and rural areas. In conclusion, more physically active adolescents had lower BMI than who are less physically active. Being physically active could lower the body weight and BMI, hence improve musculoskeletal health, and could reduce co-morbidity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  12. The effects of papaya leaf juice for breastfeeding and working mothers on increasing prolactin hormone levels and infant's weight in Tangerang
    Ikhlasiah M, Winarni LM, Poddar S, Bhaumik A
    Enferm Clin, 2020 06;30 Suppl 5:202-205.
    PMID: 32713569 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.11.054
    Based on preliminary studies, it is known that 80% of working mothers fail to make exclusive breastfeeding, on average babies are given formula milk 2-4 months old and stop breastfeeding at 6-18 months of age. Papaya leaves are one of the galactagogues that contain quercetin which can activate the hormone prolactin and help increase breastmilk. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving papaya leaf juice for nursing mothers who work toward increasing levels of the hormone prolactin and infant weight in Tangerang. The research design used was a pre-experimental model with one group pretest-posttest design. Samples taken as many as 10 mothers who have babies aged 0-6 months who have difficulty in breastfeeding because the amount of breastmilk was a little. The study was conducted in several clinics in Tangerang. The intervention was giving papaya leaf juice for 7 consecutive days. The results obtained from this study are as follows: 90% of mothers aged between 20 and 35 years, 70% of mothers have a history of spontaneous labor and have no complications at the time of delivery, 40% of mother's education is junior high school (SMP), and 70% of mothers are primiparas. The average increase in the amount of prolactin after the intervention was 19.59ng/ml, while the average weight gain of the newborn after the intervention was 165g. Wilcoxon test results for increased levels of the hormone prolactin p-value of 0.047<0.05 and for an increase in body weight of newborns p-value of 0.009<0.05. CONCLUSION: There is an effect of giving papaya leaf juice for nursing mothers who work on increasing levels of the hormone prolactin and infant weight in Tangerang. Papaya leaf juice can be a galactagogue for mothers who experience problems with a small amount of breastmilk.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  13. Fulltext Barriers in Adopting Healthy Body Weight Among Malaysian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study of Body Weight Perception and Misperception Versus Actual Body Weight
    Wan Abdul Hamed WN, Abd Aziz NA
    J Prim Care Community Health, 2020 2 14;11:2150132720907472.
    PMID: 32052684 DOI: 10.1177/2150132720907472
    Perception of body weight has been recognized as an important barrier in the adoption of healthy lifestyles. Several factors affect perception of body weight, but the outcomes have been varied. This study aimed to study the perception and misperception of body weight and its association with the measured body mass index. A clinic-based cross-sectional study was done in the clinic using systematic sampling. Data were collected by using a self-administered questionnaire consisting of the sociodemographic profile, body weight perception question adopted from Weight Management Questionnaire and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) 1991-2017. The prevalence of body weight misperception in the sample population was 58.6%. Most of the respondents were overweight (33.9%) and obese (33.9%). Respondents aged 25 years and older were 2.98 times more likely to have misperception compared with other age groups (95% CI: 1.21-3.19, P = .006). Divorced respondents were 4.70 times more likely to have body misperception compared with married respondents (95% CI 1.44-15.32, P = 0.01). This study showed that misperception of body weight could be influenced by reversible factors and measured body mass index. Hence, the rectification of these misperceptions is important in the clinical setting especially in these vulnerable groups of respondents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  14. Fulltext Perception of bodyweight status among office workers in two government departments in Kuala Lumpur
    Fatimah A, Md Idris MN, Romzi MA, Faizah H
    Malays J Nutr, 1995;1(1):11-19.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this paper is to assess the perception of bodyweight status among the office workers in two government departments in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 385 Malay workers aged between 18 to 55 years were randomly selected from the Prime Minister’s Department and the Ministry of National Unity and Community Development. The weights and heights of all subjects were measured and their Body Mass Index (BMI) determined. In this study, obesity is defined as individuals having 25 kg/rn 2 . A questionnaire was prepared to obtained information on socioeconomic status, health aspects, dietary intakes, activity levels and perception on bodyweight status. The study revealed a high prevalence of obesity (38.1 %) and among the obese subjects, 21.7 % perceived themselves as having normal weight. The normal weight and underweight subjects perceived themselves as obese (33.5 % and 6.3 % respectively). A small percentage (5.7 %) of the obese individuals who perceived themselves as obese did not wish to lose weight. In contrast, 9.7 % of the normal weight subjects who perceived themselves as having normal weight wanted to lose weight. A third person’s perception on the subjects’ bodyweight status is significantly associated with the subjects’ bodyweight status (P
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  15. Fulltext Socio-demographic and psychosocial factors associated with physical activity of working woman in Petaling Jaya,Malaysia
    Siti Affira, K., Mohd Nasir, M.T., Hazizi, A.S., Kandiah, M.
    Malays J Nutr, 2011;17(3):315-324.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: This study was conducted on 215 working women from four private corporate companies in a suburb in Malaysia to determine the factors related to their physical activity levels. Methods: Data were collected using a questionnaire which included socio-demographic characteristics, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), perceived barriers and benefits to physical activity, self-efficacy to physical activity and an 8-item questionnaire on current
    behavioral stage of physical activity. Results: The majority of the respondents were Malay (81.9%) with 10.2% being Chinese and 7.9% Indian. Most of the respondents were executives (64.2%), while the rest were non-executives (24.7%) and managers (11.2%). The mean weight, height, BMI and waist circumference were 59.4±13.1 kg, 1.6±0.6 m, 23.7±4.8 kg/m² and 77.0±12.1cm respectively. In this sample, 24.7% and 7.9% were overweight and obese respectively, while 34%
    were at risk of abdominal obesity. A total of 28.8% of the respondents had low physical activity level, while 48.8% and 22.3% were in the moderate and high physical activity categories respectively. An association was found between monthly income (χ2=110.17; p
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  16. Fulltext Effects of a Herbal Ergogenic Drink on Cycling Performance in Young Cyclists
    Malays J Nutr, 2001;7(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    It is essential to replace fluids lost so as to remain well hydrated during exercise. The intake of fluids is considered a physiological ergogenic aid to enhance exercise performance. There are currently several products in the market that are believed to have ergogenic properties which act as fluid replacement drinks during exercise. One such drink available in the Malaysian market is ‘AgroMas®’ herbal drink whose efficacy is yet to be proven. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the effects of acute ingestion of this herbal drink (H) or a coloured water placebo (P) on cycling performance. Nine healthy and trained young male cyclists (age: 16.2 ± 0.5 years) exercised on a cycle ergometer at 71.9 ± 0.7% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) until exhaustion on two occasions at 1-week intervals. During each exercise bout, subjects received 3ml kg-1 body weight of H or P every 20 min in a double-blind randomised study design. There was no significant difference between H and P trials in the total work time to exhaustion (83.7 ± 4.6 and 81.5 ± 5.0 min respectively). Changes in oxygen consumption, heart rate and perceived rate of exertion were similar for both types of drinks. These results demonstrate that the herbal drink and the placebo elicited similar physiological responses and exercise performance during endurance cycling. It is therefore concluded that AgroMas® herbal drink and water ingestion resulted in a similar ergogenic response on cycling performance in young cyclists.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  17. Fulltext Predictive Equations for the Estimation of Basal Metabolic Rate in Malaysian adults.
    Malays J Nutr, 1998;4(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    In the field of human energy expenditure, the measurement of basal metabolic rate (BMR) is an essential element to derive energy requirement estimates for any given population. Besides basic anthropometrics data, this paper reports the generation of predictive equation for basal metabolic rates of healthy Malaysian adult from prospective measurements on 307 male and 349 females aged 18-60 years, using the Douglas bag technique. These new equations based on body-weight reveal that the current FAO/WHO/UNU (1985) predictive equations overestimate BMR of adult Malaysian by an average of 13% in males and 9% in female subjects while differences of between 4-5% were observed when compared to Henry & Rees (1991) equations for tropical people. There is a good reason to believe that the capacity to slow down metabolism amidst the hot and humid climate experience throughout the year as a genuine phenomenon for Malaysians. Similarly, these findings suggest that at equal energy intake recommendation for similar body weight, the lower energy needs of Malaysian could put them at greater risk for developing obesity. These observed deviations must be taken into account in formulating energy requirements of the population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  18. Fulltext Predictive Equations for the Estimation of Basal Metabolic Rate of Malaysian Adolescents
    Malays J Nutr, 1999;5(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    A longitudinal study was conducted to relate basal metabolic rate (BMR) with growth during adolescence. Subjects comprise 70 boys and 69 girls aged between ten and thirteen years at the time of recruitment. Parameters studied include anthropometric measurements and BMR, which was measured by indirect calorimetry using the Deltatrac metabolic monitor. Measurements were carried out serially once every six months, with a total of 713 BMR data points collected over three years. Mean BMR of boys aged 11, 12, 13 and 14 years were 4.96 ± 0.63 MJ/day, 5.28 ± 0.71 MJ/day, 5.73 ± 0.68 MJ/day and 5.92 ± 0.63 MJ/day, respectively; while mean BMR of girls in the 10, 11, 12 and 13 year age groups were 4.96 ± 0.63 MJ/day, 4.85 ± 0.63 MJ/day, 5.05 ± 0.55 MJ/day and 4.94 ± 0.51 MJ/day, respectively. Comparison of measured BMR with BMR values predicted from the FAO/WHO/UNU (1985) equations shows that the predictive equations overestimated the BMR of Malaysian boys by 3% and that of girls by 5%. The Henry & Rees (1991) equations for populations in the tropics underestimated BMR of boys and girls by 1% and 2%, respectively. Linear regression equations to predict BMR based on body weight were derived according to sex and age groups. It is recommended that these predictive equations be used for the estimation of BMR of Malaysian adolescents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  19. Fulltext Nutritional Status of the Commonwealth Games 1998 Elite Netball Players During Centralised Training
    Malays J Nutr, 1999;5(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    This study was carried out to determine the nutritional status of 16 elite netball players of the Commonwealth Games 1998, during centralised training at Bukit Jalil. The mean age of the subjects was 21.1 ± 3.1 year. The physical characteristics were assessed through antropometric measurements. The dietary intake was estimated as a mean of 3-days weighed food record while the physical activity pattern was determined by time and motion study which was carried out simultaneously. A biochemical analysis test was carried out to evaluate the haemoglobin status of the athletes. The results indicated that the mean body weight and height were 62.5 ± 7.9 kg and 1.69 ± 0.06 meter, respectively. The percentage average body fat of the subjects was 23.7 ± 2.8. Mean energy intake was recorded as 2726 ± 507 kcal/day while energy expenditure was 3225 ± 409 kcal/d with a negative energy balance of 499 kcal. The contribution of calories from carbohydrate, protein and fat were 59%, 16% and 26%, respectively. Intake of most micronutrients was sufficient and met the Malaysian RDA. The percentage average of the daily physical activity pattern revealed that 74% was spent for light activities, 12% for moderate while 14% for heavy activities. 94% of the athletes took supplements which vitamin C was the most popular (64%).
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
  20. Fulltext Effects of feeding fat during pregnancy and lactation on growth performance, milk composition and very low density lipoprotein composition in rats
    Loh, Teck Chwen, Foo, Hooi Ling, Zurina Abdul Wahab, Tan Bee Koon
    Malays J Nutr, 2002;8(2):125-135.
    MyJurnal
    The effects of dietary fat during pregnancy and lactation on growth performance of pups, milk composition and very low density lipoprotein composition in rats were studied. A total of 33 dams were used in this study and each litter was adjusted to 8 pups per dam. The dams were fed on high fat (150 g fat/kg diet, HF), medium fat (75 g fat/kg of diet, MF) and low fat (2.5 g fat/kg diet, LF) diets. The body weights of dams increased during pregnancy and decreased after pregnancy. The HF pups had a higher body weight and higher weight gain than those of LF pups. The amount of feed intake of HF dams was significantly higher than LF and MF dams. The HF dams had significantly higher milk fat and water concentrations than LF dams. The milk protein was not significantly different among the treatment groups. All dams showed hypertriacylglycerolaemia in their very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in late pregnancy. The VLDL-protein concentrations increased during the first week after parturition. The HF dams showed a greater response to the dietary fat than that of LF and MF dams. The findings suggest that addition of fat in the diet during pregnancy and lactation may improve the milk quality through modifying the composition of VLDL contents, leading to better growth of pups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Weight
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