Displaying publications 221 - 240 of 634 in total

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  1. Fulltext Pressurized hot water extraction of hydrosable tannins from Phyllanthus tenellus Roxb
    Mohd Jusoh NH, Subki A, Yeap SK, Yap KC, Jaganath IB
    BMC Chem, 2019 Dec;13(1):134.
    PMID: 31891160 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0653-0
    Background: Safety, environmental and economic setbacks are driving industries to find greener approaches to extract bioactive compounds from natural resources. Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) is among the solvent free and efficient methods for extracting bioactive compounds.

    Experimental: In this study, the suitability of PHWE for extracting bioactive compounds such as phenolics, hydrolysable tannins and flavonoids from Phyllanthus tenellus was investigated by UPLC-qTOF-MS.

    Results: Solvent properties of water are significantly increased through imposing temperature at 121 °C and pressure at 15 p.s.i. Pressurized hot water extraction obtained 991-folds higher hydrolysable tannins than methanol extraction.

    Conclusion: The extraction yields of hydrolysable tannins with PHWE was almost double of absolute methanol extraction.

    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  2. Fulltext Draft Genome Sequence of the Phenol-Degrading Bacterium Cupriavidus sp. Strain P-10, Isolated from Trichloroethene-Contaminated Aquifer Soil
    Suzuki K, Aziz FAA, Honjo M, Nishimura T, Masuda K, Minoura A, et al.
    Microbiol Resour Announc, 2018 Nov;7(18).
    PMID: 30533775 DOI: 10.1128/MRA.01009-18
    A batch culture was enriched on phenol with trichloroethene-contaminated aquifer soil as an inoculum. Cupriavidus sp. strain P-10 was isolated from the culture using a diluted plating method. Here, we report the draft genome sequence and annotation of strain P-10, which provides insights into the metabolic processes of phenol degradation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  3. Fulltext Linum usitatissimum as an antimicrobial agent and a potential natural healer: A review
    Ummu Afifah Fadzir, Deny Susanti Darnis, Basma Ezzat Mustafa, Khairani Idah Mokhtar
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2018;13(2):1-8.
    MyJurnal
    Linum usitatissimum commonly known as flaxseed is one of the oldest crops traditionally cultivated
    mainly for its oil purposes. Flaxseed is widely known for its rich source of nutritive and bioactive compounds. Recently, it has gained considerable interest due to the potential health benefits attributed to its component of metabolites, including its antimicrobial properties. Two main components of flaxseed, the unsaturated fatty acids and lignan, are suggested as the main metabolites that exhibit antimicrobial activities. This paper aims to give an overview on fatty acid and phenolic compound in flaxseed and their possible activities as antimicrobial agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  4. Fulltext Nutritional Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Golden Lily and Chokanan Mango (Mangifera indica) Peels
    Jing Wen Kok, Tengku Rozaina Tengku Mohamad, Tengku Rozaina Tengku Mohamad
    UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2020;2(3):35-44.
    MyJurnal
    Mango is one of the popular fruits in Malaysia and has been used in the jam, puree and drinks production. Production of food products using mango pulp has generated by-products such as peel and kernel. Disposal of these by-products will cause environmental pollution if not properly treated. Mango peel contains high nutritional composition and antioxidant properties and can be utilised as food ingredients. The objectives of this study are to determine the nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of the peels of two selected mango varieties, namely Golden Lily and Chokanan. Analysis of proximate composition, minerals, total phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS) were carried out in this study. Results of the proximate analysis showed that the peels of both mango varieties were a good source of fibre, which were 14.45% for Golden Lily and 14.89% for Chokanan. The crude fat, crude protein, and total carbohydrate of Chokanan peel (2.62%, 4.67% and 57.74%, respectively) were higher than the Golden Lily peel (1.13%, 2.90% and 53.16%, respectively). Contrastingly, the moisture content of the Golden Lily peel (24.67%) was higher than the Chokanan peel (16.61%). Potassium was the main mineral found in both Golden Lily and Chokanan mango peels (8802.10 mg/kg and 8443.60 mg/kg, respectively). The total phenolic compounds in the peels of both mango varieties were not significantly different. The Chokanan peel contained a higher carotenoids content (35.26 µg/g) than the Golden Lily peel (15.03 µg/g). The ABTS value for Chokanan peel was higher (1406.00 μmol TE/g) than Golden Lily peel (1314.00 μmol TE/g). This study showed that Chokanan and Golden Lily mango peels have the potential to be utilised as ingredient in food products due to their high fibre content.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  5. Fulltext Browning metabolism and quality of fresh-cut drumstick (Moringa oleifera) as influenced by acidulant treatments
    Siddiqui MW, Homa F, Nayyer MA, Ghatak A, Yousuf B, Aftab MA, et al.
    J Food Sci Technol, 2020 Jun;57(6):2010-2016.
    PMID: 32431327 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04233-3
    Though fresh-cut products save our time, but they are very much prone to enzymatic browning that drastically affects product's quality and marketability. Drumstick pods are considered as super food due to high nutritional contents. However, the fresh-cut pods are prone to brown discoloration. The enzyme activities promote the softening and cut-surface browning of pods, thus deteriorates their texture, decreases consumer appeal and shortens the shelf life. So, we aimed to assess the effect of citric (1%) and ascorbic (1%) acid treatments on quality attributes of fresh-cut drumsticks at 3-d interval during storage (5 ± 1 °C). In general there was an increase in lignin and quinone contents, while phenolic content was decreased during storage. However, samples subjected to ascorbic acid dip had higher phenolic content, lower rate of lignin formation, and reduced membrane permeability. Enzyme activities (polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase) were found to increase during storage, however, samples treated with ascorbic acid showed lower activities than that of the control and citric acid treated samples. The reduced enzyme activities resulted in the reduced browning incidence and maintained the quality. Therefore, postharvest dip of fresh-cut drumstick in to ascorbic acid (1%) could be suggested to increase the shelf life with reduced browning during low temperature storage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  6. Fulltext Total phenolic content, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of cocoa (theobroma cacao l.) polyphenols extracts on cancer cell lines
    Hazirah, A.R., Abdah, M.A., Zainal, B.
    Malays J Nutr, 2013;19(2):223-232.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Cancer chemopreventive agents from natural sources have been actively investigated over the years to seek prevention against cancer. In this study, cocoa polyphenols extract (CPE) was examined to explore its antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities. Methods: CPE was analysed for total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP ferric-reducing antioxidant power assays). In vitro cytotoxicity effect of CPE
    against HepG2, HT-29, HeLa, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and WRL-68 cell lines after 48 h exposure was measured by MTT assay. Results: The study showed that CPE had higher total phenolic content (13560.0±420.1 mg GAE/100g dry weight of sample) than vitamin E (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols; Polyphenols
  7. Fulltext Comprehensive computational target fishing approach to identify Xanthorrhizol putative targets
    Shahid M, Azfaralariff A, Law D, Najm AA, Sanusi SA, Lim SJ, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2021 01 15;11(1):1594.
    PMID: 33452398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81026-9
    Xanthorrhizol (XNT), is a bioactive compound found in Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. This study aimed to determine the potential targets of the XNT via computational target fishing method. This compound obeyed Lipinski's and Veber's rules where it has a molecular weight (MW) of 218.37 gmol-1, TPSA of 20.23, rotatable bonds (RBN) of 4, hydrogen acceptor and donor ability is 1 respectively. Besides, it also has half-life (HL) values 3.5 h, drug-likeness (DL) value of 0.07, oral bioavailability (OB) of 32.10, and blood-brain barrier permeability (BBB) value of 1.64 indicating its potential as therapeutic drug. Further, 20 potential targets were screened out through PharmMapper and DRAR-CPI servers. Co-expression results derived from GeneMANIA revealed that these targets made connection with a total of 40 genes and have 744 different links. Four genes which were RXRA, RBP4, HSD11B1 and AKR1C1 showed remarkable co-expression and predominantly involved in steroid metabolic process. Furthermore, among these 20 genes, 13 highly expressed genes associated with xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, chemical carcinogenesis and steroid metabolic pathways were identified through gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis. In conclusion, XNT is targeting multiple proteins and pathways which may be exploited to shape a network that exerts systematic pharmacological effects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols/metabolism; Phenols/pharmacology; Phenols/chemistry*
  8. Study of Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and DNA Damage Protecting Activities of Cinnamomum cassia Extracts Obtained by Sequential Extraction
    Rad SK, Movafagh A
    Recent Pat Food Nutr Agric, 2021;12(1):45-57.
    PMID: 32807070 DOI: 10.2174/2212798411666200817120307
    BACKGROUND: Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) is an evergreen tree in China and Southern and Eastern Asia. In traditional medicine, cinnamon is widely used due to its many bioactivity effects.

    OBJECTIVE: The present novel study aims to evaluate and make a comparison of antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of different extractions of C. cassia bark using seven solvents having different polarities. Solvents polarity gradients start with the solvent of lower polarity, n-hexane, and end with water as the highest polar solvent. Among the extracts, acetone extract contains the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents; therefore, it is assessed for the ability to protect DNA from damage.

    METHODS: The extracts are evaluated for total phenolic, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities, using FRAP, DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals scavenging assays. DNA damage protecting activity of the acetone extract is studied with the comet assay. Each of the extracts is studied for its antiproliferative effect against, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231(breast cancer), and HT29 (colon cancer), using MTT assay.

    RESULTS: The acetone extract exhibited the highest FRAP value, phenolic and flavonoids contents when compared to the other extracts and could protect 45% mouse fibroblast cell line (3T3-L1) from DNA damage at 30 μg/ml. The lowest IC50 value in DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals scavenging was noticed in the ethyl acetate extract. IC50 value obtained for the hexane extract was the lowest compared to the other extracts in scavenging nitric oxide radicals. The hexane extract showed the highest antiproliferative effect against cancer cells followed by the chloroform extract. The ethyl acetate extract inhibited the proliferation of only MCF-7 by IC50 of 100 μg/ml, while the other extracts exhibited no IC50 in all the cancer cells.

    CONCLUSION: C. cassia showed promising antioxidant and anticancer activities with significant DNA damage protecting effect.

    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols/isolation & purification; Phenols/pharmacology; Phenols/chemistry
  9. Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas sp. LAB-08 Isolated from Trichloroethene-Contaminated Aquifer Soil
    Suzuki K, Aziz FA, Inuzuka Y, Tashiro Y, Futamata H
    Genome Announc, 2016;4(5).
    PMID: 27660772 DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00948-16
    Pseudomonas sp. LAB-08 was isolated from a phenol-fed bioreactor constructed with contaminated aquifer soil as the inoculum. Strain LAB-08 utilized phenol as a sole carbon and energy source. Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of Pseudomonas sp. LAB-08.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  10. Hypocholesterolemic effect of red pitaya (Hylocereus sp.) on hypercholesterolemia induced rats
    Mohd Adzim Khalili, R., Norhayati, A.H, Rokiah, M.Y., Asmah, R., Siti Muskinah, M., Abdul Manaf, A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2009;16(3):431-440.
    MyJurnal
    This study was carried out to evaluate the total phenolic content and anti-oxidant activity of methanolic extract of red pitaya, and hypocholesterolemic effect of red pitaya (Hylocereus sp.) on lipid profiles status on hypercholesterolemia induced rats. From the analysis, total phenolic content in red pitaya is 46.06 ± 1.77 mg GAE/100 g fresh weight and antioxidant activity is 76.10% using FTC method. TBA analysis also showed red pitaya extract had high antioxidant effect (72.90%). An in-vivo study also showed red pitaya has hypocholesterolemic effect on induced hypercholesterolemia rats. After 11 weeks of study, total blood cholesterol significant decrease (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  11. A comparative study of storage stability in virgin coconut oil and extra virgin olive oil upon thermal treatment
    Henna Lu, F.S., Tan, P.P
    International Food Research Journal, 2009;16(3):343-354.
    MyJurnal
    This aim of this research is to investigate thermal stability of virgin coconut oil, (VCO) which was heated at 190°C upon 40 days storage as compared to extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). The changes in fatty acids composition through (GC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra, iodine value (IV) and total phenolic content were determined throughout the period of study. Results from GC showed that there was significant changes (P
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  12. Fulltext Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in aqueous extracts of selected traditional Malay salads (Ulam)
    Reihani, S.F.S., Azhar, M.E.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(4):1439-1444.
    MyJurnal
    The total phenolic contents (TPC) and antioxidant activities of five popular Malay raw salads or Ulam were investigated using DPPH radical scavenging and reducing ferric ion antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The Ulam studied were the leaves of Cosmos caudatus (Ulam Raja), Oenanthe javanica (Selom), Murraya koenigii (Curry Leaf), Centella asiatica (Pegaga) and the seeds of Parkia speciosa (Petai). Ranking order of TPC (mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of plant on dry basis), TEACDPPH (µmol Trolox equivalent per gram of plant on dry basis) and TEACFRAP (µmol Trolox equivalent per gram of plant on dry basis) values were: Curry Leaf (33.18), Selom (31.8), Ulam Raja (31.3) > Pegaga (11.16) > Petai (6.45); Ulam Raja (212.8) > Selom (185.9) > Curry Leaf (82.1), Petai (67.62) > Pegaga (32.4); Selom (199.96) > Ulam Raja (183.11) > Curry Leaf (108.34) > Pegaga (65.99) > Petai (44.67), respectively. No significant correlation (p>0.05) was observed between antioxidant activities and TPC which could be due to steric hindrance or presence of other reducing agents. Interestingly, Selom showed antioxidant activities that are comparable to Ulam Raja.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  13. Fulltext Effects of extraction solvent system, time and temperature on total phenolic content of henna (Lawsonia inermis) stems
    Tan, M. C., Tan, C. P., Ho, C. W
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(6):3117-3123.
    MyJurnal
    Henna plant (Lawsonia inermis) is an Indian medicinal plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, besides its popularity as a natural dye to colour hand and hair. Research in the recent past has accumulated enormous evidence revealing henna plant to be an excellent source of antioxidants such as total phenolics. In this study, the extraction of total phenolics from henna stems was evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. A set of single factor experiments was carried out for identifying the optimum condition of each independent variable affecting total phenolic content (TPC) extraction efficiency of henna stems, namely the solvent type, solvent concentration (v/v, %), extraction time (min) and extraction temperature (oC). Generally, high extraction yield was obtained using aqueous acetone (about 40%) as solvent and the extraction yield could further be increased using a prolonged time of 270 min and a higher incubation temperature of 55°C. Under these optimized conditions, the experimental maximum yield of TPC of 5554.15 ± 73.04 mg GAE/100 g DW was obtained.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  14. Fulltext Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the leaf and stem of selected traditional medicinal plants
    Lee, S.Y., Mediani, A., Nur Ashikin, A.H., Abas, F., Azliana, A.B.S.
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(1):165-172.
    MyJurnal
    The study was aimed to determine the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities of
    the stem and leaf of five different traditional medicinal plants. The studied plants exhibited
    varied antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities. The antioxidant activities of the
    plants were determined through their free radical scavenging capabilities using DPPH assay.
    The most potent antioxidant activity was demonstrated by Neptunia oleracea with an IC50 of
    35.45 and 29.72 μg/mL for leaf and stem, respectively. For α-glucosidase inhibition activity,
    Neptunia oleracea exhibited potential α-glucosidase inhibition activity with IC50 value of
    19.09 and 19.74 μg/mL for leaf and stem, respectively. The highest total phenolic content
    (TPC) was also marked in Neptunia oleracea leaf and stem with value of 40.88 and 21.21 mg
    GAE/g dry weight, respectively. The results also showed that Strobilanthes crispus collected
    from two different locations possessed different levels of phenolic content, antioxidant and
    α-glucosidase inhibition activities. The study revealed that phenolic compounds could be the
    main contributors to the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities with R values of 78.9
    and 67.4%, respectively. In addition, antioxidant and α-glucosidase were positively correlated
    (R = 81.9%). Neptunia oleracea could be suggested as a potential natural source of antioxidant
    and antidiabetic compounds that can be used for the prevention or treatment of diabetes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  15. Fulltext Effects of extraction conditions on antioxidant properties of sapodilla fruit (Manilkara zapota)
    Woo, P.F., Yim, H.S., Khoo, H.E., Sia, C.M., Ang, Y.K.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(5):2065-2072.
    MyJurnal
    This study investigated the effects of different percentages of ethanol (0 - 100%), extraction times (1 - 5 h) and temperatures (25 - 60°C) on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of sapodilla pulp and peel. TPC was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method, while AA was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and β-carotene bleaching (BCB) assay. Based on the optimal extraction conditions used, sapodilla pulp extract had TPC of 3.89 mg GAE/g, 63.20% of DPPH scavenging activity, 4.30% of ABTS scavenging activity, 19.17% of BCB activity, and FRAP value of 15.24 mg TE/g; while its peel extract had TPC of 9.23 mg GAE/g, 92.95% of DPPH scavenging activity, 5.36% of ABTS scavenging activity, 8.14% of BCB activity, and 27.85 mg TE/g (FRAP value). Using the optimal extraction conditions for sapodilla pulp (40% ethanol as extraction solvent that extracted at 60°C for 4 h) and sapodilla peel (80% ethanol and 2 h extraction time at 40°C), highest antioxidants can be extracted from the pulp and peel.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  16. Fulltext Antioxidant activity of red algae Kappaphycus alvarezii and Kappaphycus striatum
    Farah Diyana, A., Abdullah, A., Shahrul Hisham, Z.A., Chan, K. M.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(5):1977-1984.
    MyJurnal
    Antioxidants in seaweeds have attracted increasing interest for its role in protecting human health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the Total phenolic content (TPC) values and antioxidant activities in red seaweeds Kappaphycus alvarezii and Kappaphycus striatum of different solvent extracts. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities (DPPH scavenging assay and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay, TEAC) for both K. alvarezii and K. striatum extracts were determined using different solvents at different concentrations (ethanol: 50%, 70%, 100%; acetone: 50%, 70%, 100%; methanol: 50%, 70%, 100%). The TPC value was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu’s method. The antioxidant activities were measured by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assay. The highest TPC value of K. alvarezii antioxidant extract was obtained by 50% ethanol extracts while for K. striatum obtained by 50% methanol extract. The highest percentage of DPPH free radical inhibition for K. alvarezii was shown by 50% acetone extract while K. striatum was shown using 50% methanol extract. The highest TEAC value for K. alvarezii was shown by 50% acetone while K. striatum extract was shown by 50% ethanol extract. The TPC values and antioxidant activities of all solvent extracts of K. striatum were significantly higher (p< 0.05) than K. alvarezii antioxidant extracts. The TPC values showed strong correlation (r = 0.797) with TEAC values for K. alvarezii antioxidant extract (p< 0.01). The TEAC values also showed strong correlation (r = 0.735) with percentage of DPPH free radical inhibition for K. alvarezii (p< 0.01). The TPC value, DPPH free radical scavenging assay and TEAC assay for K. striatum extracts showed strong correlation (r> 0.8) with each other (p< 0.01). In summary, K. striatum showed better antioxidant activity and higher TPC value than K. alvarezii.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  17. Fulltext Hypolipidemic activities of xanthorrhizol purified from centrifugal TLC
    Oon SF, Nallappan M, Kassim NK, Shohaimi S, Sa'ariwijaya MS, Tee TT, et al.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2016 09 23;478(3):1403-8.
    PMID: 27576204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.136
    Hyperlipidemia is defined as the presence of either hypertriglyceridemia or hypercholesterolemia, which could cause atherosclerosis. Although hyperlipidemia can be treated by hypolipidemic drugs, they are limited due to lack of effectiveness and safety. Previous studies demonstrated that xanthorrhizol (XNT) isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhizza Roxb. reduced the levels of free fatty acid and triglyceride in vivo. However, its ability to inhibit cholesterol uptake in HT29 colon cells and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells are yet to be reported. In this study, XNT purified from centrifugal TLC demonstrated 98.3% purity, indicating it could be an alternative purification method. The IC50 values of XNT were 30.81 ± 0.78 μg/mL in HT29 cells and 35.07 ± 0.24 μg/mL in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, respectively. Cholesterol uptake inhibition study using HT29 colon cells showed that XNT (15 μg/mL) significantly inhibited the fluorescent cholesterol analogue NBD uptake by up to 27 ± 3.1% relative to control. On the other hand, higher concentration of XNT (50 μg/mL) significantly suppressed the growth of 3T3-L1 adipocytes (5.9 ± 0.58%) compared to 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (81.31 ± 0.55%). XNT was found to impede adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner from 3.125 to 12.5 μg/mL, where 12.5 μg/mL significantly suppressed 36.13 ± 2.1% of lipid accumulation. We postulate that inhibition of cholesterol uptake, adipogenesis, preadipocyte and adipocyte number may be utilized as treatment modalities to reduce the prevalence of lipidemia. To conclude, XNT could be a potential hypolipidemic agent to improve cardiovascular health in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols/isolation & purification*; Phenols/pharmacology*; Phenols/chemistry
  18. Comparison of total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of turmeric leaf, pandan leaf and torch ginger flower
    Yan, S.W., Asmah, R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2010;17(2):417-423.
    MyJurnal
    Synthetic antioxidants are added to food in the powdered form to preserve it. However these compounds posed serious health concern since they have been associated with causing cancer. Thus using fresh herbs with antioxidant activities would be good alternative. The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of both powdered and fresh forms of turmeric leaf, pandan leaf and torch ginger flower. Total phenolic content (TPC) was assayed based on the redox reaction between Folin-Ciocalteu with phenolics in the sample extracts. Antioxidant activity (AA) was assayed using the ß-carotene linoleate model system and the percentage of antioxidant activity was calculated from the values of degradation rate. Scavenging activity (SA) was assayed using the DPPH radical scavenging model system whereby EC50 value was determined from the plotted graph of scavenging activity against the concentration of sample extracts. Analyses revealed that powdered forms of turmeric leaf, pandan leaf and torch ginger flower had higher TPC (2013.09 ± 5.13, 1784.25 ± 7.59 and 1937.42 ± 6.61 mg GAE/100g, respectively) than their respective fresh forms (348.75 ± 1.26, 356.42 ± 1.32 and 211.59 ± 6.29 mg GAE/100g, respectively). Similarly, powdered forms of turmeric leaf, pandan leaf and torch ginger flower possessed better AA (64.31 ± 0.99, 65.09 ± 0.74 and 11.80 ± 0.40 %, respectively) than their respective fresh forms (24.93 ± 0.71, 16.91 ± 0.70 and 1.45 ± 0.10 %, respectively). Powdered forms of turmeric leaf, pandan leaf and torch ginger flower were also better radical scavenger as compared to their respective fresh forms. In conclusion, all samples in their powdered forms have high total phenolic contents, antioxidant and scavenging activities than their respective fresh forms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  19. Fulltext Evaluation of antioxidant properties in fresh and pickled papaya
    Nurul, S. R., Asmah, R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(3):1117-1124.
    MyJurnal
    Preservative fruits have gained popularity in recent years as part of food consumption, but their benefits towards human health are not known. This study compared total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), β-carotene, lycopene, ascorbic acid (AA) contents and antioxidant properties between fresh and pickled papaya. The results indicated that mean TPC (mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g dry samples), TFC (mg rutin equivalent/100 g dry samples), β-carotene (µg/100 g edible portions), lycopene (µg/100 g edible portions) and AA content (mg/100 g edible portions) were higher in fresh papaya (141.66 ± 11.71; 57.80 ± 2.11; 793.83 ± 5.47; 779.69 ± 5.55; 70.37 ± 0.65) as compared to pickled form. Antioxidant activity (%) measured by DPPH and β-Carotene-Linoleate bleaching method was higher in fresh papaya (56.83 ± 4.68; 77.56 ± 1.40). Total phenolic, total flavonoid, ascorbic acid, beta carotene and lycopene were strongly correlated with antioxidant activity and scavenging activity (0.905 ≤ r ≤ 1.00) indicating that were important contributors to antioxidant properties in papaya extracts. The pickling process of papaya caused a significant decrease in their antioxidant component and activity
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  20. Fulltext A binary solvent extraction system for phenolic antioxidants and its application to the estimation of antioxidant capacity in Andrographis paniculata extracts
    Thoo, Y.Y., Ng, S.Y., Khoo, M.Z., Wan Aida, W.M., Ho, C.W.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(3):1103-1111.
    MyJurnal
    The effects of ethanol concentration (0-100%, v/v), extraction time (60-300 min) and extraction temperature (25-65°C) on the extraction of phenolic antioxidants from Andrographis paniculata was evaluated using single-factor experiments. The following complementary assays were used to screen the antioxidant properties of the crude extracts: total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), condensed tannin content (CTC), 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical-scavenging capacity and 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging capacity. The extraction conditions chosen had significant effects (p < 0.05) on the extraction of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. The optimal conditions were 60% ethanol for 60 min at 65oC for phenolic compounds and at 25oC for antioxidant capacity. Strong negative significant (p < 0.05) correlations were observed between the phenolic compounds (TPC, TFC and CTC) and antioxidant capacity comprising ABTS (-0.924, -0.909, -0.887, respectively) and DPPH radical-scavenging capacities (-0.992, -0.938, -0.928, respectively) were determined under the influence of extraction temperature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
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