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  1. Fulltext Gene Polymorphisms of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System as Risk Factors for the Development of In-Stent Restenosis in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease
    Azova M, Timizheva K, Ait Aissa A, Blagonravov M, Gigani O, Aghajanyan A, et al.
    Biomolecules, 2021 05 20;11(5).
    PMID: 34065198 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050763
    This study investigated the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) gene polymorphisms as possible genetic risk factors for the restenosis development in patients with drug-eluting stents. 113 participants had coronary artery disease and underwent stenting. The control group consisted of 62 individuals with intact coronary arteries. Patients were divided into two groups: with in-stent restenosis (ISR) and without it. The patients with ISR were classified into subgroups by the terms of the restenosis development and age. Real-time PCR and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism-PCR were used to genotype the study participants for RAAS gene polymorphisms. We found that the development of restenosis is generally associated with the minor A allele for renin (REN) rs2368564 and the major TT genotype for angiotensinogen (AGT) rs699. The heterozygous genotype for AGT rs4762 acts as a protective marker. A minor A allele for angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AGTR2) rs1403543 is associated with a risk of restenosis in people under 65 years old. Among patients with the early ISR, heterozygotes for angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) rs5186 are more frequent, as well as A allele carriers for AGTR2 rs1403543. A minor homozygous genotype for REN rs41317140 and heterozygous genotype for aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) rs1799998 are predisposed to the late restenosis. Thus, to choose the effective treatment tactics for patients with coronary artery disease, it is necessary to genotype patients for the RAAS polymorphisms, which, along with age and clinical characteristics, will allow a comprehensive assessment of the risk of the restenosis development after stenting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Artery Disease/complications; Coronary Artery Disease/genetics*; Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  2. Chronic histiocytic intervillositis in consecutive miscarriages: A potential pitfall in routine examination of conceptus
    Mohd Fuad SK, Adznan N, Hayati AR, Virasamy V, Rahim NS
    Malays J Pathol, 2020 Dec;42(3):439-444.
    PMID: 33361726
    INTRODUCTION: Chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI) is a rare placental lesion strongly associated with recurrent miscarriages and fetal losses. It requires histopathological diagnosis and can only be made after delivery of the products of conception (POC). We describe a case of CHI in a 41-yearold lady with a 16-year history of thirteen recurrent consecutive first trimester miscarriages.

    CASE REPORT: The patient is a 41-year-old lady who suffered first trimester miscarriages in all her thirteen pregnancies. The relevant clinical investigations revealed neither significant nor helpful findings in determining the cause of recurrent miscarriages. Histological findings in each except one of the submitted conceptual tissue showed similar features of histiocytic aggregates primarily within the intervillous spaces, a characteristic description of CHI. One of the samples showed degenerative changes.

    DISCUSSION: Practicing pathologists are not familiar with the histological features of CHI and this may be a potential pitfall in routine examination of POCs. Recognising this entity allows for accurate diagnosis and hence better management. The aetiology remains unclear, although an immunopathological basis are being explored.

    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  3. Fulltext Disputes on escalating proof of vitamin D’s supplementation
    Usha, K., Muthuukaruppan, M., Dhanalekshmi, U. M.
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(6):2075-2081.
    MyJurnal
    Vitamin D supplementation appears to be potential for reducing risks of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic diseases, existing evidence on its benefits and risks is inadequate and debatable. Questions remain as to whether supplementation of Vitamin D playing any role in the above mentioned diseases. In the absence of compelling evidence for benefit, taking supplement is producing any risk or not. While sorting the various positive and negative claims for Vitamin D, it attracts an urgent need for further research and review on reports to answer fundamental questions about the risks and benefits of supplementation. There still remains a great need to advance our understanding regarding the effectiveness of Vitamin D. This review gives an overview on disputes of Vitamin D supplementation that is convincing and interventional regarding burning issues of Vitamin D therapy. Beyond its use to prevent osteomalacia or rickets, the evidence for other health effects of vitamin D supplementation in the general inhabitants is conflicting. It is a well known predictability that any effective substance also has unwanted side effects, so clear cut evidence regarding the safety is required before supplementing Vitamin D for pathological conditions and other health benefits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  4. Fulltext Comparison of protein, total fat, and omega-3 fatty acids content in yellowtail catfish (Pangasius pangasius) and long tail shad (Hilsa (clupea) macrura) in raw and pressurized fish
    Asmah, R., Siti Sumaiyah, S.A., Nurul, S.R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(6):2147-2153.
    MyJurnal
    Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to reduce the risk of chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and cancer as well as promote brain development among infants and children. This study was carried out to compare total protein, fat and omega-3 fatty acids content of raw and pressurized fish of P. pangasius (yellowtail catfish) and H. macrura (long tail shad). The fish was cooked using pressure cooker for six minute to be pressurized. The protein content was determined by using Kjedahl method while total fat was determined using solvent extraction using chloroform and methanol. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were prepared by a direct transesterification method, and quantified by gas chromatography using external standard. Results showed that marine fish H. macrura (long tail shad) had higher content (p < 0.05) of protein (18.30 ± 0.040 g/100 g), fat (10.965 ± 1.610 g/100 g), EPA (11.83 ± 0.02 g/100 g) and DHA (5.96 ± 0.31 g/100 g) compared to freshwater fish P. pangasius (yellowtail catfish). The protein content of pressurized fish was higher compare to raw fish, but there was no difference in total fat and omega-3 fatty acids content between raw and pressurized of freshwater fish P. pangasius and marine fish, H. macrura. In conclusion, marine fish are better source of protein, fat and omega-3 content, while pressurized fish shown to have comparable amount of protein, fat and omega-3 fatty acids content with raw fish. The result obtained assist the consumers to prepare a healthy menu in order to retain the protein and omega-3 fatty acids content of fish through healthy way of cooking.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  5. Fulltext Nipah virus encephalitis — a review
    Tan, C.T., Chua, K.B., Wong, K.T.
    ASM Science Journal, 2009;3(1):91-96.
    MyJurnal
    The Nipah virus was first discovered in 1999, following a severe outbreak of viral encephalitis among pig farm workers in Malaysia. The virus was thought to have spread from Pteropus bats to pigs, then from infected pigs to humans by close contact. Mortality of the disease was high at about 40%. The main necropsy finding was disseminated microinfarction associated with vasculitis and direct neuronal involvement. Relapsed encephalitis was seen in approximately 10% of those who survived the initial illness. Since its first recorded emergence in peninsular Malaysia, 10 outbreaks of Nipah virus encephalitis have been reported in Bangladesh and West Bengal in India. The outbreaks occurred from January to May, with Pteropus giganteus as the reservoir of the virus. In Bangladesh, evidence indicated that the virus transmitted directly from bats to human, with human to human transmission as an important mode of spread. The mortality of the illness was higher in Bangladesh which stood at around 70%. This was likely to be due to genetic variation of the virus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  6. Fulltext Prevalence of self-medication and traditional medication among residents in a village in Sepang, Selangor
    Yunus, M.A., Nasir, M.M.T., Nor Afah, M.Z., Sherina, M.S., Leong, C.S.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2004;4(2):30-33.
    MyJurnal
    The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of health care utilization amongst the rural community and the prevalence of complementary health care in Kampung Giching, Sepang, Selangor, A cross sectional study was conducted in 2001. Out of the 154 respondents selected by universal sampling, only 131 completed the questionnaires giving a response rate of 85.1 %. The
    respondents were asked to recall the presence of any illness during the past 6 months and their use of health care, Twenty-four respondents claimed to be healthy without having any illness (18,3%), 33 respondents (25,2%) reported that they had chronic illnesses, while the rest (n=74) reported having acute illnesses. There were 54.2% of the respondents admitted trying self-medication and 10.3% seelced traditional medication for their respective illnesses. Among the self»medicated respondents, 48,3% used modem medicine, 48 .3% used traditional medicine, 1.7% used both modern and traditional medicines and 1 .7% respondent used home remedies. The results of this study show that both modern and traditional practitioners play important roles in giving information on self-medication, These practitioners as well as the public should be advised on the benejits and side»e]j"ects of both types of medication (modern and traditional).
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  7. Fulltext Outbreak of dengue in Bandar Baru Bangi
    Meftahuddin, T., Anisah, A.B., Mohd Faizal, A.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2004;4(1):22-28.
    MyJurnal
    An outbreak of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever was studied in Bandar Baru Bangi, Hulu Langat District which started from epidemiological week 51 of December 2001 until ]anuary 2002. Altogether, 53 cases were reported to the Hulu Langat District Health Office with 24 cases detected in Section I and Section 6, and 5 cases in Section 4 of Bandar Baru Bangi respectively. Two cases were confirmed as dengue haernorrhagic fever (DHF). The majority of the cases were female Malays. The age of the cases ranged from 3 to 60 years with a mean of 29.17 : 13.18 years old. The majority of patients were mainly private sector workers from factories or companies with 29 cases (54.7%) and university students with 14 cases (26.4%). No deaths were reported in this outbreak. On the average, the duration taken for a patient to be admitted from the date of onset was about 4.4 - 2.0 days and the duration taken for notification from the date of admission was about 2.0 - 1.7 days. The majority of cases reported were based on classical clinical features of dengue fever. Only 18 cases (34%) were IgM positive for dengue. The statistical analysis showed that the majority were male (P>0.05), Malays (P>0.05) , age group of 21»30 years (P>0.05), platelets level < 100,000 per mm3 (p>0.05) and the serological specimens obtained 5 days after the date of onset (p2.0%) within residential premises in this locality with 46 Aedes mosquito breeding places identified and a total amount of RM 6500 of fines imposed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  8. Fulltext Primary health care reform in 1Care for 1 Malaysia
    Mohamad Noh K
    Int J Public Health Res, 2011;1(Special Issue):50-56.
    MyJurnal
    Primary health care is an approach to health and a spectrum of services beyond the traditional health care system while primary care is just one element within PHC that focuses on health care services. The present status of PHC in Malaysia and the strides it has made in uplifting the health status of the nation is described. The challenges that the Malaysia health system are facing have necessitated a review of the structure of the whole health system and reforms in PHC will ensue in due course. The concept of 1Care, the proposed re-structuring of the health system, is discussed with emphasis on the reform in the PHC delivery system. The reforms are aimed at addressing three main concerns on seamless integration of care especially for the management of chronic diseases, ensuring universal coverage and responsiveness of the health system in the face of increasing client expectations and patient safety. The opportunity for macro reform to improve the health of Malaysians by developing a sustainable and high performing health care system is being seized by the Ministry of Health in 1Care. The micro reforms are discussed as regards to increasing access to services, development of primary health care teams to deliver comprehensive PHC, the application of ICT, the renewed emphasis on health promotion & prevention activities and a renewed focus on community empowerment and participation. Support in terms of human resource, governance & funding models, capacity building in monitoring & evaluation as well as change management to affect the reforms are identified. The paper concludes with lessons learnt from other countries and the importance of systemic reform for a well functioning health delivery system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  9. Fulltext The worst flood in 100 years : Johore experience
    Marzukhi, M.I., Daud, A.R., Badrul Hisham, A.S.
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2009;15(3):1-14.
    MyJurnal
    Past major flooding events for the state of Johore, Malaysia were recorded in 1926, 1967, 1968 and 1971. However, major meteorological phenomena that hit Johore on the 19th December 2006 (first wave) and the 12th January 2007 (second wave) were claimed to be the worst flood disaster in Johore in a 100 years. All eight districts were affected displacing 157,018 and 155,368 population during the first and the second wave event respectively. The Johore Health Department deployed substantial number of medical and health personnel to deal with the Johore flood crisis. Flood-related data were collected on daily basis between 19th December 2006 and 19th February 2007 using spreadsheet format from Flood Operational Rooms located at respective District Health Offices. Among flood victims 34,530 were found to have non-communicable diseases and 19,670 with communicable diseases. No major food- and water-borne disease outbreaks, such as cholera and typhoid, were reported in Johore. High success of public health measures was depending on the workforce of medical and health personnel on the ground. On the other hand, voluntary services offered by non-governmental organisations (NGOs), private sector and other volunteers should be well coordinated without compromising regulatory and ethical requirements. Crisis guidelines and plan of actions shall be updated so that they would be more relevant to the crises encountered on the ground.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  10. Fulltext Occurrence of Norovirus GI in green and red onion
    Noor Hidayah, M.S., Tuan Zainazor, C., Pui, C.F., Noorlis, A., Noor Eliza, M.R., Naziehah, M.D., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2011;18(2):677-681.
    MyJurnal
    Several Norovirus cases due to consumption of green onions have been reported during recent years but reports on red onions are not found. Onions are one of the major tastes in Malaysian food which are sometimes consuming raw especially the green onion. Viral contamination in onions can occur due to planting condition and not properly prepared food. This situation can pose the human health risk. A method was developed to detect the Norovirus that might present on different type of onions. In this study, 60 samples were collected from local market. Elution by Tryptose Phosphate Glycine broth and concentration steps using negatively charge filter were applied to enhance the detection of virus in food due to low copies of virus on food surface. The viral RNA was extracted using Qiagen Rneasy Mini kit before further detection using One-step RT-PCR. The total incidence of Norovirus in green onion and red onion was 13.33% (4/30) and 3.33 % (1/30) respectively. This is the first report of the detection of Norovirus in red and green onions in Malaysia. Based on the results, it is concluded that this method is reliable to detect Norovirus on onions and vegetables surface and hence can be applied in the laboratories for routine or food borne outbreak investigation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  11. Fulltext Primary malignant melanoma of vagina: the options of management
    Ng, B.K., Lim, P.S., Ng, Y.L., Kew, T.Y., Abdul Kadir, A.K., Hatta, M.
    Journal of Surgical Academia, 2014;4(1):63-66.
    MyJurnal
    Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina is rare but aggressive. Various treatment options include surgery and adjuvant therapy has been advocated but the outcome remained unpredictable. Standard treatment protocol is yet to be established. We report a case of 54-year-old, Para 4+1, with malignant melanoma of the vagina. She underwent wide local excision but the surgical margin was not clear of malignant cells, hence adjuvant radiotherapy was given. Combination chemotherapy was initiated subsequently as her disease disseminated. She succumbed later due to septicaemic shock. The treatment options for vaginal melanoma were reviewed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glycogen Storage Disease Type VI
  12. Fulltext Coronary artery spasm: A quandary
    Ngow, H.A., Wan Khairina, W.M.N.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2011;10(1):53-55.
    MyJurnal
    Coronary artery spasm can result in acute coronary syndrome. This vasospastic syndrome can cause profound morbidity and mortality as a significant proportion of patients continue to have angina despite optimal medical therapy. We illustrate the dilemma in managing a young woman who presented with non ST-segment myocardial infarction as a result of it. She did not have the conventional risks for coronary artery disease except the family history of myocardial infarction. Vasospasm was demonstrated at the mid right coronary artery which resolved with intracoronary nitroglycerine during angiogram. Most women with no significant heart disease following demonstration of normal or “near normal” coronary arteries after angiography are offered no treatment beyond reassurance each year. New data suggest that this approach may no longer be appropriate and the prognosis in such patient is not as benign as previously thought. We discuss the management dilemma of such patient with associated mild atherosclerotic plaque.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Artery Disease
  13. Fulltext Burden of premature mortality in Malaysia
    Ummi Nadiah Yusoff, Diana Mahat, Azahadi Omar, Teh, Chien Huey, Norzawati Yoep, Riyanti Saari
    Int J Public Health Res, 2013;3(1):249-258.
    MyJurnal
    Mortality estimates are important parameters for health monitoring and are routinely used as evidence for health policy and planning. This study aimed to estimate the mortality component of Burden of Disease in Malaysia in 2008. The 2008 mortality data from the Statistics Department were used to estimate cause-specific mortality (by age and sex) in Malaysia. Data were coded using the ICD10 (International Classification of Disease) coding. Calculation of mortality component of Burden of Disease (ie: Years of Life Lost (YLL) was done using the standard Global Burden of Disease Methodology. The total estimated deaths in Malaysia in 2008 were 124,857, of which 72,202 (57.8%) were males. The total years of life lost (YLL) for the Malaysian population in 2008 was 1.51 million in which 0.92 million (60.7%) was among males. Almost three quarter (68%) of the burden of premature deaths resulted from non-communicable diseases, followed by communicable diseases (20%) and injury (12%). Among the top three leading causes of YLL were ischaemic heart disease (17.1%), stroke (9.6%) and road traffic injuries (8.3%). In Malaysia, premature mortality mainly contributed by non-communicable diseases followed by communicable diseases and injury. A multi-agency collaboration is needed to prevent premature death and to improve quality of life.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Artery Disease
  14. Fulltext Outbreak management during the worst flood disaster of 2006–2007 in Johore, Malaysia
    Arbaiah, O., Badrul, H.A.S., Marzukhi, M.I., Mohd Yusof, Badaruddin, M., Mohd Adam
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2009;15(3):111-118.
    MyJurnal
    Outbreak management in disaster has to be planned and implemented prior to, during and after the disaster is over. The risk of outbreaks following disaster is related to the size, health status and living conditions of the displaced population. The risk is increased due standing water in floods for vector borne diseases, overcrowding, inadequate water and sanitation and poor access to health care. The 2006-2007 flood in Johore resulted in 2 episodes of food poisoning and an outbreak of coxsackie A24 acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Only 19,667 (12.5%) of the 157,018 displaced persons suffered from communicable diseases which comprised of acute respiratory disease 7361(28%), skin infection 4241(19%), acute gastroenteritis 1872(8%) and conjunctivitis 589 (2%). The routine disease surveillance and environmental control were enhanced to cover the relief centers and flood areas. Risk assessment of communicable disease carried out resulted in prompt control measures and good coverage of preventive activities. In conclusion the Johore State Health Department has successfully manage the outbreaks during the major flood.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  15. Fulltext Public health preparedness and response to flood disaster in Johore, Malaysia : challenges and lessons learned
    Arbaiah, O., Daud, A.R., Surinah, A., Noorhaida, U., Shaharom, N.A.M.C.D., Rahim, A.
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2009;15(3):126-131.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction : The 2006 -2007 flood in Johore which displaced more than 312,386 residents of the state was an extraordinary event and tested everyone preparedness. The disaster caused massive material, economic and environmental losses exceeded the state and local community capacity, forcing them seeks help from other states. Needs assessment, effectiveness of health services as well as leadership and nongovernment organization involvement were evaluated and constitute lessons learnt from the experiences.
    Methodology : This is a descriptive review of the Johore flood. The review was based on literature search using established data and published reports of previous disasters. Discussion will focus on the 4 S’s of the surge capacity that is Structure, Staffing, Supplies and System (policies & procedures). Result : Structure- although 49 or 14% of health facilities in the state were affected by the flood, health services continued to be given. Majority of the relief centers were schools with better facilities. Funding for repairs obtained early approval as estimation of damages was timely applied. Temporary isolation centers for the conjunctivitis outbreak was appropriate implemented. Staffing- Leadership was assumed by the Johore State Health Department, the strongest and most prepared health sector. Needs assessment resulted in additional staff being deployed from other states allowing local staff to have their break from work as well as personal stress. Local staff became multi-skilled players. Training in disaster preparedness has to be of utmost priority to support such needs. Supplies- Personnel protective and pest control equipment, and medical supplies were adequately supplied. The laboratory services were well prepared. Pamphlets, posters, buntings and banners were distributed including five new health promotion materials. System- Flood disaster plan of action was well in place resulting in efficient management of the operating rooms, data management, coordination of services and disease surveillance through early warning system.
    Conclusion : Public health preparedness is a matter of good governance and management based on evidence and experience. There is a need for a permanent and stable program for the Ministry of Health to prepare and coordinate the response to all disasters.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  16. Fulltext Bioactivity analysis of lemongrass (Cymbopogan citratus) essential oil
    Mirghani, M.E.S., Liyana, Y., Parveen, J.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(2):569-575.
    MyJurnal
    Diseases such as diabetes mellitus and gout are among the chronic diseases affecting worldwide population. Investigation is required to find the alternative approaches to treat these chronic diseases, such as plant based medicine. In this study, lemongrass (Cymbopogan citratus) was chosen and examined on the basis of their usage in traditional medicines throughout Southeast Asia. GCMS analysis revealed the major constituents of the lemongrass essential oil which compromise 67.769% and 67.328% of the total oil respectively. Total phenolic content of the essential oil was analyzed by Folin Ciocalteau method and the results indicated that highest amount of phenolic content was obtained from essential oil extracted from lemongrasses stalk, with phenolic concentration of 2100.769 mg/l GAE. Anti oxidant activity was examined by DPPH scavenging test and the highest inhibition was obtained by essential oil extracted from lemongrass stalk (89.5%). β-glucosidase inhibition assay was carried out using an in-vitro model for anti diabetic test and lemongrass stalk essential oil showed highest degree of inhibitory activity (89.63%). Anti gout test was examined by xanthine oxidase inhibition (XOI) assay with the maximum percentage of xanthine oxidase inhibition of 81.34% obtained from lemongrass stalk essential oil.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  17. Fulltext Factors influencing consumer intentions to avoid broiler chicken meat and products in Malaysia
    Huang, L.C., Goh, Y.N., Mohaidin, Z.
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(1):181-188.
    MyJurnal
    Reports of bird flu outbreaks occur around the globe, posing a severe threat to the poultry
    industry and consumer health. Despite the number of bird flu scares, few studies have
    considered the impact on consumers’ chicken consumption intentions in a non-western context,
    such as in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to determine the factors that influence consumers’
    intentions to take precautions by avoiding the consumption of broiler chicken meat and
    products in Malaysia when a bird flu outbreak occurs. A total of 276 online questionnaires were
    disseminated using convenience sampling with 109 respondents completing the questionnaires, generating a response rate of 40.8 percent. The study results show that attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, perceived credibility of information, and perceived risk have a significant relationship with consumer intentions to take precautions by avoiding the consumption of broiler chicken meat and products. One factor is the exception: attention towards bird flu news. These findings shed some light on understanding the extent of consumer response (i.e. consumption behavior) to future health crises (e.g. bird flu). Moreover, for policy makers, these findings may serve as a guide and a reference to food safety issues in the poultry industry, especially future bird flu scares.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  18. Fulltext Reverse Transcriptase PCR detection of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) in cultured and wild shellfish from the Peninsular of Malaysia
    Wan Norhana, M. N., Masazurah A. R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2011;18(1):411-415.
    MyJurnal
    Hepatitis A is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). Outbreaks of hepatitis A have been linked to the consumption of both raw and cooked shellfish. These outbreaks could induce a public confidence problem over shellfish safety and may result in important economic losses for the seafood industry. The work presented in this study investigated the presence of HAV in shellfish from Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 365 of cultured and wild shellfish from 36 sampling locations located throughout Peninsular Malaysia were examined using a commercial nucleic acid extraction and reverse transcription -polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) kit. HAV was not detected in almost all of the shellfish samples xamined. Only one cockle sample from Changkat, Seberang Perai was positive for HAV. The results suggest the absence of HAV or very low amount of HAV viral particles in most of the shellfish examined.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  19. Fulltext Pre-enrichment effect on PCR Detection of Salmonella Enteritidis in artificially-contaminated raw chicken meat
    Mohd Afendy, A.T., Son, R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(6):2571-2575.
    MyJurnal
    Salmonella remains to be a major foodborne pathogen for animals and humans and is the
    leading cause of foodborne infections and outbreaks in various countries. Salmonella Enteritidis
    is one of the most frequently isolated serotypes in poultry and poultry products from human
    food poisoning cases. It can cause mild to acute gastroenterititis as well as other common
    food poisoning symptoms when infection takes place in human. Nucleic acid amplification
    technologies such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a tool that is rapid and sensitive
    for detection of bacterial pathogen. We report the successful detection of S. Enteritidis by
    PCR in raw chicken meat artificially-contaminated with serial concentration of S. Enteritidis
    using crude DNA extracts as DNA template. PCR primers, ENT-F and ENT-R targeted on sdfI
    gene were used to amplify DNA region unique to S. Enteritidis with crude DNA extract of the
    samples, yielded product with the size of 303 bp. These primers were specific to S. Enteritidis
    when tested by in-silico simulation against genome database of targeted bacterial species and
    confirmed in PCR as amplification bands were observed with S. Typhimurium, S. Polarum and
    S. Gallinarum. The established PCR can detect as few as 9.4 X 101
    CFU/ml of inoculated S.
    Enteritidis concentration and proved that pre-enrichment effect have significant effect on PCR
    detection by increasing 1000-fold of the sensitivity limit compared to the non pre-enriched
    samples. The PCR technique indicated that it can be successfully coupled with pre-enrichment
    step to offer advantage in routine screening and surveillance of bacterial contamination in food
    samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  20. Fulltext Quality of life among young adults in rural Selangor: a cross-sectional study
    Norfazilah, A., Azmawati, M.N, Madihah, M
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2015;15(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    This study aimed at measuring the quality of life (QOL) among young adults in rural area of Selangor, and determined the factors that affect the QOL scores. A cross-sectional study was conducted among young adults aged 18 to 39 years in rural area of Hulu Langat district, Selangor with a total sample of 308 selected through simple random sampling. Validated Malay version of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure the QOL, which generated overall QOL score and four domains’ scores of physical health, psychological health, social relationship and environmental QOL. The results showed that the highest mean score was social relationship domain 67.07 (18.87), followed by overall QOL 65.10 (17.92), environmental QOL domain 64.88 (12.83), psychological health domain 60.67 (11.88) and physical health domain 58.23 (11.00). Variables such as unemployment, having chronic diseases and mental distress were found to lower the QOL score.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
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