Displaying publications 361 - 380 of 392 in total

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  1. Lee JJN, Abdul Aziz A, Chan ST, Raja Abdul Sahrizan RSFB, Ooi AYY, Teh YT, et al.
    J Diabetes, 2023 Jan;15(1):47-57.
    PMID: 36649940 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13346
    BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic condition that is associated with multiple comorbidities. Apart from pharmacological approaches, patient self-management remains the gold standard of care for diabetes. Improving patients' self-management among the elderly with mobile health (mHealth) interventions is critical, especially in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the extent of mHealth efficacy in managing T2DM in the older population remains unknown. Hence, the present review examined the effectiveness of mHealth interventions on cardiometabolic outcomes in older adults with T2DM.

    METHODS: A systematic search from the inception till May 31, 2021, in the MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed databases was conducted, and 16 randomized controlled trials were included in the analysis.

    RESULTS: The results showed significant benefits on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (mean difference -0.24%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.44, -0.05; p = 0.01), postprandial blood glucose (-2.91 mmol/L; 95% CI: -4.78, -1.03; p = 0.002), and triglycerides (-0.09 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.17, -0.02; p = 0.010), but not on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-0.06 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.14, 0.02; p = 0.170), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.05 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.03, 0.13; p = 0.220), and blood pressure (systolic blood pressure -0.82 mm Hg; 95% CI: -4.65, 3.00; p = 0.670; diastolic blood pressure -1.71 mmHg; 95% CI: -3.71, 0.29; p = 0.090).

    CONCLUSIONS: Among older adults with T2DM, mHealth interventions were associated with improved cardiometabolic outcomes versus usual care. Its efficacy can be improved in the future as the current stage of mHealth development is at its infancy. Addressing barriers such as technological frustrations may help strategize approaches to further increase the uptake and efficacy of mHealth interventions among older adults with T2DM.

  2. Pertek Hatipoğlu F, Mağat G, Hatipoğlu Ö, Taha N, Alfirjani S, Abidin IZ, et al.
    J Endod, 2023 Mar 01.
    PMID: 36863567 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.02.012
    BACKGROUND: An additional canal found in the mandibular first molar (M1M) is the middle mesial canal (MMC), which is often missed during root canal treatment. In this study, the prevalence of MMC in M1M on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images was evaluated in 15 countries, along with the effect of some demographic factors on its prevalence.

    METHODS: Deidentified CBCT images were scanned retrospectively, and the ones including bilateral M1Ms were included in the study. A written and video instruction program explaining the protocol to be followed step-by-step was provided to all observers to calibrate them. The CBCT imaging screening procedure consisted of evaluating three planes (coronal, sagittal, and axial) after a 3-dimensional alignment of the long axis of the root(s). The presence of an MMC in M1Ms (yes/no) was identified and recorded.

    RESULTS: In total, 6304 CBCTs, representing 12,608 M1Ms, were evaluated. A significant difference was found between countries (P  .05) or between genders (odds ratio= 1.07, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.27; P > .05). As for the age groups, no significant differences were found (P > .05).

    CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of MMC varies by ethnicity, but it is generally estimated at 7% worldwide. Physicians must pay close attention to the presence of MMC in M1M, especially for opposite M1Ms, due to the prevalence of MMC being significantly bilateral.

  3. Rehman AU, Khattak M, Mushtaq U, Latif M, Ahmad I, Rasool MF, et al.
    Front Public Health, 2023;11:1244450.
    PMID: 38074769 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1244450
    BACKGROUND: The existence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in tuberculosis (TB) patients is very dangerous for the health of patients. One of the major concerns is the emergence of MDR-TB in such patients. It is suspected that the development of MDR-TB further worsens the treatment outcomes of TB such as treatment failure and thus, causes disease progression.

    AIM: To investigate the impact of DM on the Emergence of MDR-TB and Treatment Failure in TB-DM comorbid patients.

    METHODOLOGY: The PubMed database was systematically searched until April 03, 2022 (date last searched). Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study after a proper selection process.

    RESULTS: Tuberculosis-Diabetes Mellitus patients were at higher risk to develop MDR-TB as compared to TB-non-DM patients (HR 0.81, 95% CI: 0.60-0.96, p 

  4. Hatipoğlu FP, Hatipoğlu Ö, Taha N, Lehmann AP, Aldhelai TA, Madfa AA, et al.
    Int J Paediatr Dent, 2023 Sep;33(5):521-534.
    PMID: 37350350 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13101
    BACKGROUND: Regenerative endodontics (RET) refers to biologically based procedures that aim to restore damaged tooth structures and reinstate the pulp-dentine complex to its normal physiological state.

    AIM: The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes and practices of endodontists and paediatric dentists regarding RET.

    DESIGN: A survey was conducted among endodontists and paediatric dentists from 13 countries. A number of factors were evaluated, including frequency of RET application, followed guidelines, disinfection techniques, intracanal medication type, scaffold type, preferred coronal seal material, and follow-up period.

    RESULTS: Among the 1394 respondents, 853 (61.2%) and 541 (38.8%) were endodontists and paediatric dentists, respectively. Almost half (43%) of participants have not performed RET yet. The American Association of Endodontics guideline (47.3%) was selected as the primary source for the clinical protocol. The most frequently selected irrigant solution was 1.5%-3% NaOCl at the first (26.1%) and second (13.6%) sessions. A blood clot (68.7%) and MTA (61.9%) were the most frequently selected scaffold type and coronal barrier. Most participants preferred a 6-month follow-up period.

    CONCLUSION: According to this survey, deviations exist from current RET guidelines regarding all aspects evaluated. Standardizing clinical protocols and adhering to available guidelines would help to ensure more predictable outcomes.

  5. Al Oweidi KF, Jamshed W, Goud BS, Ullah I, Usman, Mohamed Isa SSP, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2022 Nov 29;12(1):20597.
    PMID: 36446992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25010-x
    The formation of entropy in a mixed convection Casson nanofluid model with Arhenius activation energy is examined in this paper using magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). The expanding sheet, whose function of sheet velocity is nonlinear, confines the Casson nanofluid. The final equations, which are obtained from the first mathematical formulations, are solved using the MATLAB built-in solver bvp4c. Utilizing similarity conversion, ODEs are converted in their ultimate form. A number of graphs and tabulations are also provided to show the effects of important flow parameters on the results distribution. Slip parameter was shown to increase fluid temperature and decrease entropy formation. On the production of entropy, the Brinkman number and concentration gradient have opposing effects. In the presence of nanoparticles, the Eckert number effect's augmentation of fluid temperature is more significant. Furthermore, a satisfactory agreement is reached when the findings of the current study are compared to those of studies that have been published in the past.
  6. Bejawada SG, Reddy YD, Jamshed W, Usman, Isa SSPM, El Din SM, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2022 Nov 29;12(1):20548.
    PMID: 36447004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25097-2
    This research aims to establish the MHD radiating convective nanofluid flow properties with the viscous dissipation across an exponentially accelerating vertical plate. As the plate accelerates, its temperature progressively increases. There are two separate types of water-based nanofluids that include copper ([Formula: see text]) and titanium dioxide ([Formula: see text]) nanoparticles, respectively. The most crucial aspect of this investigation is finding a closed-form solution to a nonlinear coupled partial differential equations scheme. Galerkin finite element method (G-FEM) is used to figure out the initial managing equations. Utilizing graphs, the effect of the flow phenomenon's contributing variables as well as the influence of other factors is determined and depicted. In the part dedicated to the findings and discussion, the properties of these emergent parameters are described in more depth. Nonetheless, the thermal radiation and heat sink factors increase the thermal profile. In addition, the greater density of the copper nanoparticles cause the nanoparticle volume fraction to lessen the velocity delineation.
  7. Al Hashmi AM, Shuaib A, Imam Y, Amr D, Humaidan H, Al Nidawi F, et al.
    Front Neurol, 2022;13:1016376.
    PMID: 36408502 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1016376
    Background: Acute stroke care is complex and requires multidisciplinary networking. There are insufficient data on stroke care in the Middle East and adjacent regions in Asia and Africa.

    Objective: Evaluate the state of readiness of stroke programs in the Middle East North Africa and surrounding regions (MENA+) to treat acute stroke.

    Method: Online questionnaire survey on the evaluation of stroke care across hospitals of MENA+ region between April 2021 and January 2022.

    Results: The survey was completed by 34/50 (68%) hospitals. The median population serviced by participating hospitals was 2 million. The median admission of patients with stroke/year was 600 (250-1,100). The median length of stay at the stroke units was 5 days. 34/34 (100%) of these hospitals have 24/7 CT head available. 17/34 (50%) have emergency guidelines for prehospital acute stroke care. Mechanical thrombectomy with/without IVT was available in 24/34 (70.6%). 51% was the median (IQR; 15-75%) of patients treated with IVT within 60 min from arrival. Thirty-five minutes were the median time to reverse warfarin-associated ICH.

    Conclusion: This is the first large study on the availability of resources for the management of acute stroke in the MENA+ region. We noted the disparity in stroke care between high-income and low-income countries. Concerted efforts are required to improve stroke care in low-income countries. Accreditation of stroke programs in the region will be helpful.

  8. Chandrasekhar J, Zeebregts D, Kalkman DN, Sartori S, Roumeliotis A, Aquino MB, et al.
    Cardiovasc Revasc Med, 2020 12;21(12):1542-1547.
    PMID: 32507695 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2020.05.002
    BACKGROUND: Small vessel diameter is associated with higher risk of target lesion revascularization (TLR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The COMBO sirolimus-eluting biodegradable-polymer stent has a proprietary anti-CD34 antibody layer to enhance homogeneous endothelialization, which may be advantageous in treating small vessels.

    OBJECTIVE: We examined for differences in 1-year clinical outcomes after PCI by maximum implanted stent diameter from the COMBO collaboration.

    METHODS: The COMBO collaboration (n = 3614) is a patient-level pooled dataset of patients undergoing PCI with COMBO stents in the MASCOT and REMEDEE multicenter registries. Stent diameter was available in 3590 (99.3%) patients. We compared patients receiving COMBO stents <3 mm versus ≥3 mm. The primary endpoint was 1-year target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, target vessel-myocardial infarction (TV-MI) or clinically driven TLR. Secondary outcomes included stent thrombosis (ST). Adjusted outcomes were assessed using Cox regression methods.

    RESULTS: The study included 792 (22%) patients with small stents <3 mm and 2798 (78%) patients with large stents ≥3 mm. Small stent patients included more women with lower body mass index and higher prevalence of diabetes but similar prevalence of acute coronary syndrome. Risk of 1-year TLF was similar in small and large stent groups (4.4% vs. 3.8%, HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.74-1.72, p = 0.58). There were no differences in the rates of cardiac death (1.7% vs. 1.5%, p = 0.74), TV-MI (1.4% vs. 1.2%, p = 0.58) or TLR (2.7% vs. 2.1%, p = 0.31). Definite or probable ST occurred in 1.3% of the small stent and 0.7% of the large stent PCI patients, p = 0.14, HR 2.13, 95% CI 0.93-5.00, p = 0.07.

    CONCLUSIONS: One-year ischemic outcomes after COMBO PCI were similar irrespective of stent diameter in this all-comers international cohort.

  9. Chandrasekhar J, Kalkman DN, Aquino MB, Sartori S, Hájek P, Atzev B, et al.
    Int J Cardiol, 2020 05 15;307:17-23.
    PMID: 32111358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.01.045
    BACKGROUND: The COMBO drug-eluting stent combines sirolimus-elution from a biodegradable polymer with an anti-CD34+ antibody coating for early endothelialization.

    OBJECTIVE: We investigated for geographical differences in outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with the COMBO stent among Asians and Europeans.

    METHODS: The COMBO Collaboration is a pooled patient-level analysis of the MASCOT and REMEDEE registries of all-comers undergoing attempted COMBO stent PCI. The primary outcome was 1-year target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (TV-MI) and target lesion revascularization (TLR).

    RESULTS: This study included 604 Asians (17.9%) and 2775 Europeans (82.1%). Asians were younger and included fewer females, with a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus but lower prevalence of other comorbidities than Europeans. Asians had a higher prevalence of ACC/AHA C type lesions and received longer stent lengths. More Asians than Europeans were discharged on clopidogrel (86.5% vs 62.8%) rather than potent P2Y12 inhibitors. One-year TLF occurred in 4.0% Asians and 4.1% of Europeans, p = 0.93. The incidence of cardiac death was higher in Asians (2.8% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.007) with similar rates of TV-MI (1.5% vs. 1.2%, p = 0.54) and definite stent thrombosis (0.3% vs. 0.5%, p = 0.84) and lower incidence of TLR than Europeans (1.0% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.025). After adjustment, differences for cardiac death and TLR were no longer significant.

    CONCLUSIONS: In the COMBO collaboration, although 1-year TLF was similar regardless of geography, Asians experienced higher rates of cardiac death and lower TLR than Europeans, while incidence of TV-MI and ST was similar in both regions. Adjusted differences did not reach statistical significance. CLINICALTRIAL.

    GOV IDENTIFIER-NUMBERS: NCT01874002 (REMEDEE Registry), NCT02183454 (MASCOT registry).

  10. Chandrasekhar J, de Winter VC, Kalkman DN, Sartori S, Chandiramani R, Aquino MB, et al.
    Cardiovasc Drugs Ther, 2021 04;35(2):309-320.
    PMID: 33515411 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07087-6
    PURPOSE: The COMBO biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent includes endothelial progenitor cell capture (EPC) technology for rapid endothelialization, which may offer advantage in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We sought to analyze the performance of the COMBO stent by ACS status and ACS subtype.

    METHODS: The COMBO collaboration (n = 3614) is a patient-level pooled dataset from the MASCOT and REMEDEE registries. We evaluated outcomes by ACS status, and ACS subtype in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-STEMI (NSTEMI) versus unstable angina (UA). The primary endpoint was 1-year target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, or clinically driven target lesion revascularization. Secondary outcomes included stent thrombosis (ST).

    RESULTS: We compared 1965 (54%) ACS and 1649 (46.0%) non-ACS patients. ACS presentations included 40% (n = 789) STEMI, 31% (n = 600) NSTEMI, and 29% (n = 576) UA patients. Risk of 1-year TLF was greater in ACS patients (4.5% vs. 3.3%, HR 1.51 95% CI 1.01-2.25, p = 0.045) without significant differences in definite/probable ST (1.1% vs 0.5%, HR 2.40, 95% CI 0.91-6.31, p = 0.08). One-year TLF was similar in STEMI, NSTEMI, and UA (4.8% vs 4.8% vs. 3.7%, p = 0.60), but definite/probable ST was higher in STEMI patients (1.9% vs 0.5% vs 0.7%, p = 0.03). Adjusted outcomes were not different in MI versus UA patients.

    CONCLUSIONS: Despite the novel EPC capture technology, COMBO stent PCI was associated with somewhat greater risk of 1-year TLF in ACS than in non-ACS patients, without significant differences in stent thrombosis. No differences were observed in 1-year TLF among ACS subtypes.

  11. Sharifi-Rad J, Quispe C, Mukazhanova Z, Knut E, Turgumbayeva A, Kipchakbayeva A, et al.
    Front Mol Biosci, 2021;8:649395.
    PMID: 34540888 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.649395
    Resveratrol is a polyphenolic stilbene derivative widely present in grapes and red wine. Broadly known for its antioxidant effects, numerous studies have also indicated that it exerts anti-inflammatory and antiaging abilities and a great potential in cancer therapy. Regrettably, the oral administration of resveratrol has pharmacokinetic and physicochemical limitations such as hampering its effects so that effective administration methods are demanding to ensure its efficiency. Thus, the present review explores the published data on the application of resveratrol nanoformulations in cancer therapy, with the use of different types of nanodelivery systems. Mechanisms of action with a potential use in cancer therapy, negative effects, and the influence of resveratrol nanoformulations in different types of cancer are also highlighted. Finally, the toxicological features of nanoresveratrol are also discussed.
  12. Chandrasekhar J, Kerkmeijer LS, Kalkman DN, Sartori S, Aquino MB, Woudstra P, et al.
    Catheter Cardiovasc Interv, 2021 04 01;97(5):797-804.
    PMID: 32198837 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28853
    BACKGROUND: The COMBO drug eluting stent is a novel device with luminal endothelial progenitor cell capture technology for rapid homogeneous endothelialization.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined for sex differences in 1-year outcomes after COMBO stenting from the COMBO collaboration, a pooled patient-level dataset from the MASCOT and REMEDEE multicenter registries. The primary endpoint was 1-year target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, target vessel-myocardial infarction (TV-MI), or clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR). Secondary outcomes included stent thrombosis (ST). Adjusted outcomes were assessed using Cox regression methods. The study included 861 (23.8%) women and 2,753 (76.2%) men. Women were older with higher prevalence of several comorbidities including diabetes mellitus. Risk of 1-year TLF was similar in both sexes (3.8% vs. 3.9%, HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.59-1.42, p = .70), without sex differences in the incidence of cardiac death (1.6% vs. 1.5%, p = .78), TV-MI (1.5% vs. 1.1%, p = .32), or CD-TLR (2.0% vs. 2.2%, p = .67). Definite or probable ST occurred in 0.4% women and 1.0% men (HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.06-1.11, p = .069).

    CONCLUSIONS: Despite greater clinical risks at baseline, women treated with COMBO stents had similarly low 1-year TLF and other ischemic outcomes compared to men.

  13. Chandrasekhar J, Sartori S, Aquino MB, Baber U, Hájek P, Atzev B, et al.
    Am J Cardiol, 2020 07 15;127:1-8.
    PMID: 32418717 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.04.014
    Older patients who undergo coronary interventions are at greater risk of ischemic events and less likely to tolerate prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) due to bleeding risk. The COMBO biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent promotes rapid endothelialization through endothelial progenitor cell capture technology which may be advantageous in elderly patients. We compared 1-year clinical outcomes and DAPT cessation events in patients >75 versus ≤75 years from the MASCOT registry. MASCOT was a prospective, multicenter cohort study of all-comers undergoing attempted COMBO stenting. The primary endpoint was 1-year target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI) not clearly attributed to a nontarget vessel or clinically driven target lesion revascularization. Bleeding was adjudicated using the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium criteria. Adjusted outcomes were analyzed using Cox regression methods. The study included 18% (n = 479) patients >75 years and 72% (n = 2,135) patients ≤75 years. One-year TLF occurred in 4.6% patients >75 years versus 3.1% patients ≤75years of age, p = 0.10; adj hazard ratio 1.36, 95% confidence intervals 0.77 to 2.38, p = 0.29. There were no significant differences in cardiac death (1.7% vs 1.3%, p = 0.55), MI (2.1% vs 1.2%, p = 0.14), target lesion revascularization (1.7% vs 1.4%, p = 0.60) and definite stent thrombosis (0.8% vs 0.4%, p = 0.19). Major Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 3,5 bleeding (3.1% vs 1.5%, p = 0.01) and DAPT cessation rates (32.4% vs 23.0%, p <0.001) were significantly higher in elderly patients. In conclusion, elderly patients >75 years treated with COMBO stents had similar TLF but significantly greater incidence of bleeding than younger patients and DAPT cessation in one-third of patients over 1 year.
  14. Tan JWC, Chew DP, Tsui KL, Tan D, Duplyakov D, Hammoudeh A, et al.
    Eur Cardiol, 2021 Feb;16:e43.
    PMID: 34815751 DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2021.35
    Advanced age, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease not only increase the risk for ischaemic events in chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) but also confer a high bleeding risk during antiplatelet therapy. These special populations may warrant modification of therapy, especially among Asians, who have displayed characteristics that are clinically distinct from Western patients. Previous guidance has been provided regarding the classification of high-risk CCS and the use of newer-generation P2Y12 inhibitors (i.e. ticagrelor and prasugrel) after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in Asia. The authors summarise evidence on the use of these P2Y12 inhibitors during the transition from ACS to CCS and among special populations. Specifically, they present recommendations on the roles of standard dual antiplatelet therapy, shortened dual antiplatelet therapy and single antiplatelet therapy among patients with coronary artery disease, who are either transitioning from ACS to CCS; elderly; or with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, multivessel coronary artery disease and bleeding events during therapy.
  15. Sharifi-Rad J, Quispe C, Herrera-Bravo J, Belén LH, Kaur R, Kregiel D, et al.
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021;2021:7571132.
    PMID: 34349875 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7571132
    The Glycyrrhiza genus, generally well-known as licorice, is broadly used for food and medicinal purposes around the globe. The genus encompasses a rich pool of bioactive molecules including triterpene saponins (e.g., glycyrrhizin) and flavonoids (e.g., liquiritigenin, liquiritin). This genus is being increasingly exploited for its biological effects such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and cytotoxic activities. The species Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and the compound glycyrrhizin (glycyrrhizic acid) have been studied immensely for their effect on humans. The efficacy of the compound has been reported to be significantly higher on viral hepatitis and immune deficiency syndrome. This review provides up-to-date data on the most widely investigated Glycyrrhiza species for food and medicinal purposes, with special emphasis on secondary metabolites' composition and bioactive effects.
  16. Salehi B, Quispe C, Imran M, Ul-Haq I, Živković J, Abu-Reidah IM, et al.
    Front Pharmacol, 2021;12:625386.
    PMID: 33981219 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.625386
    Nigella is a small genus of the family Ranunculaceae, which includes some popular species due to their culinary and medicinal properties, especially in Eastern Europe, Middle East, Western, and Central Asia. Therefore, this review covers the traditional uses and phytochemical composition of Nigella and, in particular, Nigella sativa. The pharmacological studies reported in vitro, in vivo, and in humans have also been reviewed. One of the main strength of the use of Nigella is that the seeds are rich in the omega-6 fatty acid linoleic acid and provide an extra-source of dietary phytochemicals, including the bioactive thymoquinone, and characteristics saponins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Among Nigella species, N. sativa L. is the most studied plant from the genus. Due to the phytochemical composition and pharmacological properties, the seed and seed oil from this plant can be considered as good candidates to formulate functional ingredients on the basis of folklore and scientific knowledge. Nonetheless, the main limations are that more studies, especially, clinical trials are required to standardize the results, e.g. to establish active molecules, dosage, chemical profile, long-term effects and impact of cooking/incorporation into foods.
  17. Chandrasekhar J, Baber U, Sartori S, Aquino MB, Hájek P, Atzev B, et al.
    Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc, 2020 Dec;31:100605.
    PMID: 32953969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2020.100605
    Background: The COMBO stent is a biodegradable-polymer sirolimus-eluting stent with endothelial progenitor cell capture technology for faster endothelialization.

    Objective: We analyzed COMBO stent outcomes in relation to bleeding risk using the PARIS bleeding score.

    Methods: MASCOT was an international registry of all-comers undergoing attempted COMBO stent implantation. We stratified patients as low bleeding-risk (LBR) for PARIS score ≤ 3 and intermediate-to-high (IHBR) for score > 3 based on baseline age, body mass index, anemia, current smoking, chronic kidney disease and need for triple therapy. Primary endpoint was 1-year target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI) not clearly attributed to a non-target vessel or clinically-driven target lesion revascularization (TLR). Bleeding was adjudicated using the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) definition. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) cessation was independently adjudicated.

    Results: The study included 56% (n = 1270) LBR and 44% (n = 1009) IHBR patients. Incidence of 1-year TLF was higher in IHBR patients (4.1% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.047) driven by cardiac death (1.7% vs. 0.7%, p = 0.029) with similar rates of MI (1.8% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.17), TLR (1.5% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.89) and definite/ probable stent thrombosis (1.2% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.16). Incidence of 1-year major BARC 3 or 5 bleeding was significantly higher in IHBR patients (2.3% vs. 0.9%, p = 0.0094), as was the incidence of DAPT cessation (29.3% vs. 22.8%, p 

  18. Hatipoğlu FP, Mağat G, Hatipoğlu Ö, Al-Khatib H, Elatrash AS, Abidin IZ, et al.
    J Endod, 2023 Oct;49(10):1308-1318.
    PMID: 37393948 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.06.011
    AIM: The aim of this study was two-folded: i) to assess the prevalence of Distolingual Canal (DLC) and Radix Entomolaris (RE) in Mandibular First Molars (M1Ms), using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images and ii) to assess the impact of sociodemographic factors on the prevalence of these conditions worldwide.

    METHODS: CBCT images were scanned retrospectively and the ones including bilateral M1Ms were included in the study. The evaluation was performed by 1 researcher in each country, trained with CBCT technology. A written and video instruction program explaining the protocol to be followed step-by-step was provided to all observers to calibrate them. The CBCT imaging screening procedure consisted of evaluating axial sections from coronal to apical. The presence of DLC and RE in M1Ms (yes/no) was identified and recorded.

    RESULTS: Six thousand three hundred four CBCTs, representing 12,608 M1Ms, were evaluated. A significant difference was found between countries regarding the prevalence of both RE and DLC (P  .05).

    CONCLUSION: The overall prevalence of RE and DLC in M1Ms was 3% and 22%. Additionally, both RE and DLC showed substantial bilaterally. These variations should be considered by endodontic clinicians during endodontic procedures in order to avoid potential complications.

  19. Sharifi-Rad J, Quispe C, Imran M, Rauf A, Nadeem M, Gondal TA, et al.
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021;2021:3268136.
    PMID: 34336089 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3268136
    Genistein is an isoflavone first isolated from the brooming plant Dyer's Genista tinctoria L. and is widely distributed in the Fabaceae family. As an isoflavone, mammalian genistein exerts estrogen-like functions. Several biological effects of genistein have been reported in preclinical studies, such as the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral activities, the effects of angiogenesis and estrogen, and the pharmacological activities on diabetes and lipid metabolism. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date evidence of preclinical pharmacological activities with mechanisms of action, bioavailability, and clinical evidence of genistein. The literature was researched using the most important keyword "genistein" from the PubMed, Science, and Google Scholar databases, and the taxonomy was validated using The Plant List. Data were also collected from specialized books and other online resources. The main positive effects of genistein refer to the protection against cardiovascular diseases and to the decrease of the incidence of some types of cancer, especially breast cancer. Although the mechanism of protection against cancer involves several aspects of genistein metabolism, the researchers attribute this effect to the similarity between the structure of soy genistein and that of estrogen. This structural similarity allows genistein to displace estrogen from cellular receptors, thus blocking their hormonal activity. The pharmacological activities resulting from the experimental studies of this review support the traditional uses of genistein, but in the future, further investigations are needed on the efficacy, safety, and use of nanotechnologies to increase bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
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