MyMedR

Fulltext Craniofacial morphology of Malay patients with obstructive sleep apnoea

Albajalan OB, Samsudin AR, Hassan R

Eur J Orthod, 2011 Oct;33(5):509-14.

The aim of this study was to compare the skeletal and soft tissue patterns between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients and control group of non-OSA patients. Fifty Malays (32 males and 18 females) aged 18-65 years divided into two equal groups 25 (17 males and 8 females) with OSA and a control group 25 subjects (15 males and 10 females). Both groups were diagnosed using polysomnography. Nineteen variables related to craniofacial skeletal and soft tissue morphology were measured on lateral cephalometric films. Analysis of covariance was used to compare the means between the two groups. The results showed that OSA subjects had a significant increase in body mass index (BMI) and neck circumference than the control group. The soft palate and tongue were longer and thicker in OSA patients. In addition, upper, middle, and lower posterior airway spaces were narrower, the hyoid bone was more inferior and posterior, and the cranial base flexure angle was significantly acute when compared with the control group. The findings indicate that craniofacial abnormalities play significant roles in the pathogenesis of OSA in Malay patients.

In vitro cytotoxic evaluation of processed natural coral in human osteoblasts

Omar NS, Kannan TP, Ismail AR, Abdullah SF, Samsudin AR, Hamid SS

Int J Toxicol, 2011 Aug;30(4):443-51.

PMID: 21540334 DOI: 10.1177/1091581811399474

This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effects of locally produced processed natural coral (PNC) using human osteoblasts (HOS). Cytotoxicity was not observed when HOS cells were cultured with PNC, as assessed by (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide; MTT) and Neutral Red (NR) assays at concentration up 200 mg/mL for up to 72 hours. Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis showed that PNC (200 mg/mL) did not decrease viability of HOS cells after 48 and 72 hours of treatment. In a cell attachment study, the HOS cells attached to the edge of the PNC disc, and later grew into the pores of the PNC disc. All results from these studies indicate that locally produced PNC material is noncytotoxic and favors the growth of HOS cells.

Assessment of 3-D nasal airway morphology in Southeast Asian adults with obstructive sleep apnea using acoustic rhinometry

Banabilh SM, Suzina AH, Mohamad H, Dinsuhaimi S, Samsudin AR, Singh GD

Clin Oral Investig, 2010 Oct;14(5):491-8.

PMID: 19806371 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-009-0342-9

The aim of the present study is to investigate nasal airway morphology in Asian adults with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using acoustic rhinometry (AR), principal components analysis (PCA), and 3-D finite-element analysis (FEA). One hundred eight adult Malays aged 18-65 years (mean ± SD, 33.2 ± 13.31) underwent clinical examination and limited channel polysomnography, providing 54 patients with OSA and 54 non-OSA controls. The mean minimal cross section area 1 (MCA1) and the mean minimal cross sectional area 2 (MCA2) were obtained from AR for all subjects and subjected to t tests. The OSA and control nasal airways were reconstructed in 3-D and subjected to PCA and FEA. The mean MCA1 and MCA2 using AR were found to be significantly smaller in the OSA group than in the control group (p < 0.001). Comparing the 3-D OSA and control nasal airways using PCA, the first two eigenvalues accounted for 94% of the total shape change, and statistical differences were found (p < 0.05). Similarly, comparing the nasal airways using FEA, the 3-D mean OSA nasal airway was significantly narrower in the OSA group compared to the control group. Specifically, decreases in size of approx. 10-22% were found in the nasal valve/head of inferior turbinate area. In conclusion, differences in nasal airway morphology are present when comparing patients with OSA to controls. These differences need to be recognized as they can improve our understanding of the etiological basis of obstructive sleep apnea and facilitate its subsequent management.

Facial profile shape, malocclusion and palatal morphology in Malay obstructive sleep apnea patients

Banabilh SM, Samsudin AR, Suzina AH, Dinsuhaimi S

Angle Orthod, 2010 Jan;80(1):37-42.

PMID: 19852637 DOI: 10.2319/011509-26.1

To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in facial profile shape, malocclusion class, or palatal morphology in Malay adults with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Dental arch morphology in south-east Asian adults with obstructive sleep apnoea: geometric morphometrics

Banabilh SM, Suzina AH, Dinsuhaimi S, Samsudin AR, Singh GD

J Oral Rehabil, 2009 Mar;36(3):184-92.

PMID: 19207445 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2008.01915.x

The association between dental arch morphology and the aetiology of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is not clear. To compare dental arch morphology in 108 Asian adults with and without ''OSA, overnight'' hospital polysomnography was performed, and sleep reports were obtained for all subjects. Standardized digital photographs were also taken of the subjects' upper and lower study models. Using 25 homologous landmarks, mean OSA and control dental arch configurations were computed, and subjected to finite-element morphometry (FEM), t-tests and principal components analysis (PCA). Mean upper and lower OSA dental arch morphologies were statistically different from respective Control upper and lower arch morphologies (P < 0.05). FEM of the upper arch indicated that the mean OSA configuration was 7-11% narrower in the transverse plane in the incisor and canine regions when compared with the control configuration, and inter-landmark analysis (ILA) confirmed this finding. FEM for the lower arch indicated that the mean OSA configuration was 10-11% narrower in the antero-posterior plane in the pre-molar and molar regions, and confirmed by ILA. Using PCA, significant differences were also found between the two groups in the lower arch using the first two eigenvalues, which accounted for 90% of the total shape change (P < 0.001). Supporting their role as aetiological factors, size and shape differences in dental arch morphology are found in patients with OSA.

Craniofacial obesity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Banabilh SM, Suzina AH, Dinsuhaimi S, Samsudin AR, Singh GD

Sleep Breath, 2009 Mar;13(1):19-24.

PMID: 18763003 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-008-0211-9

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity are serious, widespread public health issues.

OBJECTIVE: To localize and quantify geometric morphometric differences in facial soft tissue morphology in adults with and without OSA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty adult Malays, consisting of 40 patients with OSA and 40 non-OSA controls, were studied. Both groups were evaluated by the attending physician and through ambulatory sleep studies. 3-D stereophotogrammetry was used to capture facial soft tissues of both groups. The 3-D mean OSA and control facial configurations were computed and subjected to principal components analysis (PCA) and finite-element morphometry (FEM).

RESULTS: The body mass index was significantly greater for the OSA group (32.3 kg/m(2) compared to 24.8 kg/m(2), p < 0.001). The neck circumference was greater for the OSA group (42.7 cm compared to 37.1 cm, p < 0.001). Using PCA, significant differences were found in facial shape between the two groups using the first two principal components, which accounted for 50% of the total shape change (p < 0.05). Using FEM, these differences were localized in the bucco-submandibular regions of the face predominantly, indicating an increase in volume of 7-22% (p < 0.05) for the OSA group.

CONCLUSION: Craniofacial obesity in the bucco-submandibular regions is associated with OSA and may provide valuable screening information for the identification of patients with undiagnosed OSA.

Effect of exogenous nitric oxide on the proliferation of a human osteoblast (HOS) cell line induced by hydroxyapatite

Sugiatno E, Samsudin AR, Sosroseno W

J Appl Biomater Biomech, 2009 Jan-Apr;7(1):29-33.

PMID: 20740436

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the proliferation of hydroxyapatite (HA)-induced human osteoblast cell line (HOS cells) may be up-regulated by exogenous nitric oxide (NO).

Transforming growth factor-alpha and nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate or cleft palate only in Kelantan, Malaysia

Rahman RA, Ahmad A, Rahman ZA, Mokhtar KI, Lah NA, Zilfalil BA, et al.

Cleft Palate Craniofac J, 2008 Nov;45(6):583-6.

PMID: 18956930 DOI: 10.1597/07-020.1

To determine the frequency of the transforming growth factor-alpha (TGFalpha) Taq1 polymorphism in nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL+/-P) and cleft palate only (CP) in Kelantan, Malaysia.

Comparison of two methods of dental age estimation in 7-15-year-old Malays

Mani SA, Naing L, John J, Samsudin AR

Int J Paediatr Dent, 2008 Sep;18(5):380-8.

PMID: 18284472 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2007.00890.x

BACKGROUND: Numerous methods of age estimation have been proposed. The Demirjian method is the most frequently used, which was first applied in a French Canadian population in 1973. The Willems method is a modification of the above and was applied in a Belgian population in 2002.
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to test the applicability of the two methods, namely Demirjian and Willems, for age estimation in a Malay population, and to find the correlation between body mass index and the difference between the dental age and the chronological age.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 214 boys and 214 girls, selected by a simple stratified random sampling method was carried out. The orthopantomograph was used to score the seven left mandibular teeth, and the calculated maturity score was used to obtain the Demirjian dental age. Willems dental age was estimated using the tables proposed in the Willems method. Results. The Demirjian method overestimated the age by 0.75 and 0.61 years, while the Willems method overestimated the age by 0.55 and 0.41 years among boys and girls, respectively. In boys, the body mass index was significantly correlated to the difference in age using the Willems method.
CONCLUSION: Further modification of either method is indicated for dental age estimation among the Malay population.

Successful commercialisation of locally fabricated bioceramics for clinical applications

Fazan F, Besar I, Osman A, Samsudin AR, Khalid KA

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:49-50.

PMID: 19024978

This paper chronicled the development of a locally produced bone graft substitute based on calcium phosphate bioceramics called "GranuMaS--from concepts to clinics, and finally to its successful commercialization all within 5-year duration. It was a Prioritized Research (PR) collaborative project of 5 institutions namely SIRIM, ANM, USM, UKM and IIUM, funded by MOSTI to the amount of approximately RM2.5 millions under RM8. This paper also highlighted the requirements needed in terms of technical expertise/manpower, facilities and infrastructure, and government/institutional supports, as well as the challenge faced in developing and commercializing such product.

The effect of nitric oxide on the production of cyclic AMP by a human osteoblast (HOS) cell line stimulated with hydroxyapatite

Sosroseno W, Sugiatno E, Samsudin AR, Ibrahim MF

Biomed Pharmacother, 2008 Jun;62(5):328-32.

PMID: 17988826

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the production of cyclic AMP (cAMP) by a human osteoblast cell line (HOS cells) stimulated with hydroxyapatite. Cells were cultured on the HA surfaces with or without the presence of NO donors (SNAP and NAP) for 3 days. The effect of adenylyl cyclase inhibitor (SQ22536), NO scavenger (carboxy PTIO) or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inhibitor (L-NIO), was assessed by adding these to the cultures of HA-stimulated HOS cells with or without the presence of SNAP. Furthermore, HOS cells were pre-treated with anti-human integrin alphaV antibody prior to culturing on HA surfaces with or without the presence of SNAP. The levels of cAMP and cGMP were determined from the 3-day culture supernatants. The results showed that the production of cAMP but not cGMP by HA-stimulated HOS cells was augmented by SNAP. SQ22536 and carboxy PTIO suppressed but L-NIO only partially inhibited the production of cAMP by HA-stimulated HOS cells with or without the presence of exogenous NO. Pre-treatment of the cells with anti-human integrin alphaV antibody suppressed the production of cAMP by HA-stimulated HOS cells with or without the presence of NO. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that NO may up-regulate the production of cAMP, perhaps, by augmenting adenylyl cyclase activity initiated by the binding between HOS cell-derived integrin alphaV and HA surface.

In vitro genotoxicity tests for polyhydroxybutyrate--a synthetic biomaterial

Ali AQ, Kannan TP, Ahmad A, Samsudin AR

Toxicol In Vitro, 2008 Feb;22(1):57-67.

PMID: 17892925

The aims of this study are to determine the mutagenicity of a locally produced polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) using Salmonella mutagenicity test and to find out if PHB altered the expression of p53 and c-myc proto-oncogenes and bcl-xl and bcl-xs anti-apoptotic genes in the human fibroblast cell line, MRC-5. Different concentrations of PHB were incubated with special genotypic variants of Salmonella strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98 and TA100) carrying mutations in several genes both with and without metabolic activation (S9) and the test was assessed based on the number of revertant colonies. The average number of revertant colonies per plate treated with PHB was less than double as compared to that of negative control. For the gene expression analyses, fibroblast cell lines were treated with PHB at different concentrations and incubated for 1, 12, 24 and 48 h separately. The total RNA was isolated and analysed for the expression of p53, c-myc, bcl-xl and bcl-xs genes. The PHB did not show over or under expression of the genes studied. The above tests indicate that the locally produced PHB is non-genotoxic and does not alter the expression of the proto-oncogenes and anti-apoptotic genes considered in this study.

The role of nitric oxide on the proliferation of a human osteoblast cell line stimulated with hydroxyapatite

Sosroseno W, Sugiatno E, Samsudin AR, Ibrahim F

J Oral Implantol, 2008;34(4):196-202.

PMID: 18780564 DOI: 10.1563/0.910.1

The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the proliferation of a human osteoblast cell line (HOS cells) stimulated with hydroxyapatite (HA) may be regulated by nitric oxide (NO). The cells were cultured on the surface of HA. Medium or cells alone were used as controls. L-arginine, D-arginine, 7-NI (an nNOS inhibitor), L-NIL (an iNOS inhibitor), L-NIO (an eNOS inhibitor) or carboxy PTIO, a NO scavenger, was added in the HA-exposed cell cultures. The cells were also precoated with anti-human integrin alphaV antibody. The levels of nitrite were determined spectrophotometrically. Cell proliferation was assessed by colorimetric assay. The results showed increased nitrite production and cell proliferation by HA-stimulated HOS cells up to day 3 of cultures. Anti-integrin alphaV antibody, L-NIO, or carboxy PTIO suppressed, but L-arginine enhanced, nitrite production and cell proliferation of HA-stimulated HOS cells. The results of the present study suggest, therefore, that interaction between HA and HOS cell surface integrin alphaV molecule may activate eNOS to catalyze NO production which, in turn, may regulate the cell proliferation in an autocrine fashion.

Fulltext Surgical management of a massive facial hemangioma

Baharudin A, Samsudin AR, Halim AS, Shafie MA

Med J Malaysia, 2007 Aug;62(3):254-5.

PMID: 18246921 MyJurnal

Hemangiomas are the most common congenital lesions in man and occur predominantly in the head and neck region. Massive hemangioma especially near vital organs or structures pose a challenge to surgeons. With the availability of expertise in embolization of feeding vessel of the hemangioma and reconstructive techniques we were able to manage successfully a complicated case of massive facial hemangioma.

Chondrosarcoma of the mandible: a case report

Saini R, Abd Razak NH, Ab Rahman S, Samsudin AR

J Can Dent Assoc, 2007 Mar;73(2):175-8.

PMID: 17355810

Chondrosarcomas are malignant tumours of cartilaginous origin. They range from a well-differentiated growth resembling a benign cartilage tumour to a high-grade malignancy with aggressive local behaviour and the potential to metastasize. Only 5% to 10% of chondrosarcomas are known to occur in the head and neck region. A case of chondrosarcoma of the anterior region of the mandible is presented, along with a review of the relevant literature.

The hyoid bone in malay infants with cleft lip and palate

Rajion ZA, Townsend GC, Netherway DJ, Anderson PJ, Hughes T, Shuaib IL, et al.

Cleft Palate Craniofac J, 2006 Sep;43(5):532-8.

PMID: 16986987

To compare morphological and positional variations of the hyoid bone in unoperated infants with cleft lip and palate (CL/P) with those in noncleft infants.

A three-dimensional computed tomographic analysis of the cervical spine in unoperated infants with cleft lip and palate

Rajion ZA, Townsend GC, Netherway DJ, Anderson PJ, Yusof A, Hughes T, et al.

Cleft Palate Craniofac J, 2006 Sep;43(5):513-8.

PMID: 16986980

To investigate anatomical variations and abnormalities of cervical spine morphology in unoperated infants with cleft lip and palate.

The effect of nitric oxide on the production of prostaglandin E2 by hydroxyapatite-stimulated a human osteoblast (HOS) cell line

Sugiatno E, Samsudin AR, Ibrahim MF, Sosroseno W

Biomed Pharmacother, 2006 May;60(4):147-51.

PMID: 16581222

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by a human osteoblast cell line (HOS cells) stimulated with hydroxyapatite. Cells were cultured on the HA surfaces with or without the presence of NO donors (SNAP and NAP) for 3 days. The effect of NO scavenger, carboxy PTIO, or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inhibitor, L-NIO, was assessed by adding this scavenger in the cultures of HA-stimulated HOS cells with or without the presence of SNAP. Furthermore, HOS cells were pre-treated with anti-human integrin alphaV antibody, indomethacin, a non-specific inhibitor, aspirin, a COX-1 inhibitor, or nimesulide, a COX-2 inhibitor, prior to culturing on HA surfaces with or without the presence of SNAP. The levels of PGE2 were determined from the 3 day culture supernatants. The results showed that the production of PGE2 by HA-stimulated HOS cells was augmented by SNAP. Carboxy PTIO suppressed but L-NIO only partially inhibited the production of PGE2 by HA-stimulated HOS cells with or without the presence of exogenous NO. Pre-treatment of the cells with anti-human integrin alphaV antibody, indomethacin or nimesulide but not aspirin suppressed the production of PGE2 by HA-stimulated HOS cells with or without the presence of NO. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that NO may up-regulate the production of PGE2 by augmenting the COX-2 pathway initiated by the binding between HOS cell-derived integrin alphaV and HA surface.

Role of nitric oxide in hydroxyapatite-induced phagocytosis by murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7)

Gopinath VK, Musa M, Samsudin AR, Lalitha P, Sosroseno W

Arch Oral Biol, 2006 Apr;51(4):339-44.

PMID: 16214104

The aim of this study was to determine the role of nitric oxide (NO) in hydroxyapatite (HA)-induced phagocytosis by a murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7). The cells were incubated with HA particles at various incubation time and phagocytosis was assessed using phagocytic index (PI). NO production from the culture supernatants was determined by the Griess reagent. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression was determined by Western blot. The particles were also incubated with cells pretreated with various concentrations of L-N(6)-(1-iminoethyl) lysine hydrochloride (L-NIL) or L-arginine. Latex beads were used as a control. Our results showed that macrophage phagocytosis induced by HA was higher than that induced by the beads. However, NO production by HA-stimulated cells was lower than that by bead-stimulated cells. iNOS expression in both bead- and HA-stimulated cells was observed expressed at 7, 15, 30, and 60 min. l-Arginine enhanced but l-NIL inhibited both phagocytosis and NO production by HA-stimulated cells. The results of the present study suggest that nitric oxide may play a crucial role in HA-induced phagocytosis by RAW264.7 cells.

Biomedical Science in Brief

Lotfy M, Badra G, Burham W, Alenzi FQ, Bermejo-Martin JF, Bernardo D, et al.

Br J Biomed Sci, 2006 Jan;63(4):171-184.

PMID: 28700882 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2006.11732742

Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 69 in total