MyMedR

Management of a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in an American flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber)

Abu J, Wünschmann A, Redig PT, Feeney D

J. Avian Med. Surg., 2009 Mar;23(1):44-8.

PMID: 19530406

A 32-year-old female American flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber) was presented with a squamous cell carcinoma of the middle digit of the right foot. No clinical, hematologic, or radiologic evidence of metastasis was present. Salvage amputation of the digit resulted in complete cure, whereas previous electrosurgery and radiation therapy were unsuccessful. Three years later, another squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in the middle digit of the left foot. The digit was also amputated. Seven months after the second amputation, the bird did not have any recurrence or signs of metastasis.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/veterinary*

Successful treatment of mandibular squamous cell carcinoma in a Malayan sun bear (Helarctos malayanus)

Mylniczenko ND, Manharth AL, Clayton LA, Feinmehl R, Robbins M

J. Zoo Wildl. Med., 2005 Jun;36(2):346-8.

PMID: 17323584

An adult, female Malayan sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the rostral mandible. Initial treatment included bilateral mandibulectomy rostral to the lingual frenulum followed by intra- and perilesional cisplatin injections. Recovery after the procedure was uneventful and the Malayan sun bear adapted well to a shortened mandible. Histopathology indicated incomplete surgical excision of the tumor; therefore, radiation therapy was instituted weekly for four treatments at 2 Gy in parallel opposed fields (total 4 Gy each treatment) with one additional cisplatin treatment. Two years after initial presentation, the animal showed no recurrence of neoplasia.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/veterinary*

Carcinoma of the vulva in pregnancy: a rare occurrence

Sivanesaratnam V, Pathmanathan R

Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol, 1990 Sep;16(3):207-10.

PMID: 2088243

A rare case of squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed in early pregnancy in a 28-year-old woman is described. At the time of radical surgery, which was carried out in the puerperium, the growth had already advanced to Stage IV disease. The rapid growth of the tumor seen in this patient suggests that although treatment needs to be individualised, the definitive radical surgery should not be delayed.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery*

Invasive squamous cell carcinoma arising from chromoblastomycosis

Jamil A, Lee YY, Thevarajah S

Med Mycol, 2012 Jan;50(1):99-102.

PMID: 21449695 DOI: 10.3109/13693786.2011.571295

Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic subcutaneous mycosis seen mainly in tropical regions. While malignant transformation rarely occurs, the present report describes a 69-year-old man with a 21-year history of chromoblastomycosis complicated by invasive squamous cell carcinoma requiring amputation of the affected limb. A review of previous reported cases shows malignancy arising after 20-30 years of infection in ≥60-year-old males who have received inadequate treatment of chromoblastomycosis and have had relapses. An immunocompromised state is not an associated feature of such cases. The extremities are commonly affected as carcinomas occur from the most chronic lesions which are generally found on these limbs.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery

Fulltext Diagnostic implications of miRNAs in Liquid Biopsy for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): Clinical validity and interpretation

Jayaraj R, Kumaraswamy C, Raymond G, Ravishankar Ram M, Govind SK, Chandramoorthy HC, et al.

Oral Oncol, 2020 10;109:104634.

PMID: 32171663 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104634

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/blood; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics*

Translational genomics and recent advances in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Chai AWY, Lim KP, Cheong SC

Semin Cancer Biol, 2020 04;61:71-83.

PMID: 31542510 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.011

Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are a heterogeneous group of cancers arising from the mucosal lining of the oral cavity. A majority of these cancers are associated with lifestyle risk habits including smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and betel quid chewing. Cetuximab, targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor was approved for the treatment of OSCC in 2006, and remains the only molecular targeted therapy available for OSCC. Here, we reviewed the current findings from genomic analyses of OSCC and discuss how these studies inform on the biological mechanisms underlying OSCC. Exome sequencing revealed that the significantly mutated genes are mainly tumour suppressors. Mutations in FAT1, CASP8, CDKN2A, and NOTCH1 are more frequently found in OSCC when compared to non-OSCC head and neck cancers and other squamous cell carcinomas, and HRAS and PIK3CA are the only significantly mutated oncogenes. The distribution of these mutations also differs in populations with distinct risk habits. Gene expression-based molecular classification showed that OSCC can be divided into distinct subtypes and these have a preferential response to different types of therapies, suggesting that these classifications could have clinical implications. More recently, with the approval of checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of cancers including OSCC, genomics studies also dissected the genetic signatures of the immune compartment to delineate immune-active and -exhausted subtypes that could inform on the immune status of OSCC patients and guide the development of novel therapies to improve response to immunotherapy. Taken together, genomics studies are informing on the biology of both the epithelial and stromal compartments underlying OSCC development, and we discuss the opportunities and challenges in using these to derive clinical benefit for OSCC patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology

Fulltext The importance of considering sebaceous gland carcinoma in presumed chalazia in South Asian patients?

Sagili S, Malhotra R

Br J Gen Pract, 2013 Feb;63(607):74.

PMID: 23700655

A 51-year-old Malaysian female was referred with a left lower eyelid lesion noticed 4 years ago. She consulted her GP a year ago and was diagnosed to have a chalazion. Her GP requested funding for treatment. The primary care trust (PCT) considered this a low-priority procedure and declined funding. One year later she approached her GP again and was referred to a hospital for management of this eyelid lesion (Figure 1). She underwent a biopsy and the histology was suspicious of a squamous cell carcinoma. She was referred to our unit. On examination, she had a left lower eyelid, firm 4mm nodule with thickening and distortion of tarsal conjunctiva. With a clinical suspicion of sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC), a wedge excision of the lesion was performed. Paraffin section histology confirmed complete excision of SGC. Delayed repair required a Tenzel flap. She remains asymptomatic at 5-month follow-up.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis*

Fulltext An unusual presentation of lepramatous leprosy

Selliah K, Ayasamy A

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Sep;37(3):213-4.

PMID: 7176999

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis

Fulltext Squamous cell carcinoma involving the tibia treated by reimplantation of autoclaved resected bone

Pan KL, Mourougayah V, Jayamalar T

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Dec;58(5):783-5.

PMID: 15190672

We present an elderly patient with a squamous cell carcinoma over the subcutaneous aspect of the leg involving the tibia. En bloc resection of the tumour together with a 10 centimetre segment of the tibia was done. The resected bone was autoclaved, replaced in its original position and stabilized with bone cement and a locked nail. This allowed early ambulation with minimal cost.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery*

Metastatic tumours of the jaws

Chan YF

Med J Malaya, 1972 Sep;27(1):48-51.

PMID: 4264825

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis*

Bronchography and selective bronchoscopy in diagnosis of lung malignancy: a case report

Galanti A, Wong Wai Kwan, Choy T

Med J Malaya, 1970 Dec;25(2):152-4.

PMID: 4251136

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiography*

Racial incidence of carcinoma of the bronchus in Malaya

Snelling MR, Chooi MUN KAM

Thorax, 1966 Sep;21(5):434-6.

PMID: 5969242

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology*

The"Newcastle Nomogram"-Statistical modelling predicts malignant transformation in potentially malignant disorders

Goodson ML, Smith DR, Thomson PJ

J Oral Pathol Med, 2019 Sep;48(8):662-668.

PMID: 31125457 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12881

BACKGROUND: Nomograms are graphical calculating devices used to predict risk of malignant transformation (MT) or response to treatment during cancer management. To date, a nomogram has not been used to predict clinical outcome during oral potentially malignant disorder (PMD) treatment. The aim of this study was to create a nomogram for use by clinicians to predict the probability of MT, thereby facilitating accurate assessment of risk and objective decision-making during individual patient management.

METHODS: Clinico-pathological data from a previously treated cohort of 590 newly presenting PMD patients were reviewed and clinical outcomes categorized as disease free, persistent PMD or MT. Multiple logistic regression was used to predict the probability of MT in the cohort using age, gender, lesion type, site and incision biopsy histopathological diagnoses. Internal validation and calibration of the model was performed using the bootstrap method (n = 1000), and bias-corrected indices of model performance were computed.

RESULTS: Potentially malignant disorders were predominantly leukoplakias (79%), presenting most frequently at floor of mouth and lateral tongue sites (51%); 99 patients (17%) developed oral squamous cell carcinoma during the study period. The nomogram performed well when MT predictions were compared with patient outcome data, demonstrating good bias-corrected discrimination and calibration (Dxy = 0.58; C = 0.790), with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity 63%, and a positive predictive value of 32% and negative predictive value 96%.

CONCLUSION: The "Newcastle Nomogram" has been developed to predict the probability of MT in PMD, based on an internally validated statistical model. Based upon readily available and patient-specific clinico-pathological data, it provides clinicians with a pragmatic diagrammatic aid for clinical decision-making during diagnosis and management of PMD.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis*

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with spinal secondaries

Elango S, Kareem BA, Chandrasekaran S, Azman N

J Laryngol Otol, 1991 Sep;105(9):772-3.

PMID: 1919352 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100117281

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been reported to have a higher incidence of distant metastases as compared to other head and neck cancers. Distant metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been reported in the bones, lungs, liver, distant lymph nodes, brain and porta hepatis. This report presents a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with secondaries in the extradural space at the thoracic level of the spinal cord which hitherto has been an unreported site.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/secondary*

Fulltext Lymphoepitheliomas of the cervical lymph nodes

Loke YW

Br. J. Cancer, 1965 Sep;19(3):482-5.

PMID: 5833066 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1965.56

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology*

Fulltext Overexpression of MMP13 is associated with clinical outcomes and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Vincent-Chong VK, Salahshourifar I, Karen-Ng LP, Siow MY, Kallarakkal TG, Ramanathan A, et al.

ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:897523.

PMID: 25401159 DOI: 10.1155/2014/897523

Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) plays a central role in the MMP activation cascade that enables degradation of the extracellular matrix and basement membranes, and it is identified as a potential driver in oral carcinogenesis. Therefore, this study aims to determine the copy number, mRNA, and protein expression of MMP13 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to associate these expressions with clinicopathological parameters. Copy number, mRNA, and protein expression analysis of MMP13 were determined using real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry methods in OSCC samples. The correlations between MMP13 expressions and clinicopathological parameters were evaluated, and the significance of MMP13 as a prognostic factor was determined. Despite discrepancies between gene amplification and mRNA and protein overexpression rates, OSCC cases showed high amplification of MMP13 and overexpression of MMP13 at both mRNA and protein levels. High level of MMP13 protein expression showed a significant correlation with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.011) and tumor staging (P = 0.002). Multivariate Cox regression model analysis revealed that high level of mRNA and protein expression of MMP13 were significantly associated with poor prognosis (P < 0.050). Taken together, these observations indicate that the MMP13 protein overexpression could be considered as a prognostic marker of OSCC.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/enzymology*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality

Fulltext Potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity: current practice and future directions in the clinic and laboratory

Dionne KR, Warnakulasuriya S, Zain RB, Cheong SC

Int J Cancer, 2015 Feb 1;136(3):503-15.

PMID: 24482244 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28754

Despite commendable progress in the prevention, detection, and treatment of a wide variety of solid tumor types, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a significant health burden across the globe. OSCC carcinogenesis involves accumulation of genetic alterations that coincide with the multistep malignant transformation of normal oral epithelium. OSCC is often first diagnosed at late stages of the disease (advanced regional disease and/or metastasis). Delayed diagnosis precludes successful treatment and favorable outcomes. In clinical practice, opportunities exist to identify patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which precede the development of cancer. This review addresses the current status of laboratory and clinical research on OPMDs, with emphasis on leukoplakia and erythroplakia. OSF is also presented, though there is a paucity of published studies on this disorder. We focus on findings that could translate into earlier diagnosis and more efficacious treatment of those lesions with significant malignant potential. We explore how markers of OPMD malignant transformation might be implemented into current diagnostic practice to help clinicians objectively stratify patients into treatment/follow-up groups according to relative risk. We provide an overview of recently concluded and ongoing OPMD chemoprevention trials. We describe laboratory OPMD models that can be used to not only to reveal the genetic and molecular intricacies of oral cancer but also to develop novel screening methods and therapeutic approaches. Finally, we call for targeted screening programs of at-risk populations in order to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of OPMD and early OSCC.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy

Fulltext Leucocytosis in a case of Lung Cancer: Infection or Paraneoplastic Syndrome? - Dilemma in Diagnosis and Treatment

Pandit S, Choudhury S, Das SK, Nandi S

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Oct;67(5):542-4.

PMID: 23770881

A 65 year old male smoker was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of upper lobe of the right lung complicated with Horner's syndrome and gradually increasing leucocytosis. Alhough the inflammatory biomarker level in serum was low, there was no definite way to determine the cause of the leucocytosis (whether infection or hematologic paraneoplastic syndrome). After empirical antibiotic therapy, his fever subsided but the leucocytosis persisted. It was difficult for us to take a decision regarding the priority of the treatment of infection or the lung cancer. Only after the first cycle chemotherapy, did the leucocytosis rapidly drop down. Normal serum procalcitonin level and quick response to chemotherapy indicated that leucocytosis was a manifestation of paraneoplastic syndrome. Treating the underlying cancer is the first step.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell

Transcriptional profiling of oral squamous cell carcinoma using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples

Saleh A, Zain RB, Hussaini H, Ng F, Tanavde V, Hamid S, et al.

Oral Oncol, 2010 May;46(5):379-86.

PMID: 20371203 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2010.02.022

Despite the advances in cancer treatment, the 5-year survival rate for oral cancer has not changed significantly for the past 40 years and still remains among the worst of all anatomic sites. Gene expression microarrays have been used successfully in the identification of genetic alterations in cancer development, however, these have hitherto been limited by the need for specimens with good quality intact RNA. Here, we demonstrated the use of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in microarray experiments to identify genes differentially expressed between cancerous and normal oral tissues. Forty-three tissue samples were macrodissected and gene expression analyses were conducted using the Illumina DASL assay. We report RNA yield of 2.4 and 0.8 microg/mm(3) from tumour and normal tissues, respectively and this correlated directly with the tissue volume used for RNA extraction. Using unsupervised hierarchical clustering, distinct gene expression profiles for tumour and normal samples could be generated, and differentially expressed genes could be identified. The majority of these genes were involved in regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle, metastasis and cell adhesion including BCL2A1, BIRC5, MMP1, MMP9 and ITGB4. Representative genes were further validated in independent samples suggesting that these genes may be directly associated with oral cancer development. The ability to conduct microarrays on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens represents a significant advancement that could open up avenues for finding genes that could be used as prognostication and predictive tools for cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology

Fulltext Marjolin's ulcer--a near forgotten entity

Tan BC, Horton TC, Sara Ahmad T

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Feb;61 Suppl A:91-3.

PMID: 17042239

We report a case of a 55-year-old man who presented with a 6-month history of a fungating ulcer on the right hand at the site of a previously healed ulcer that had been present for 40 years. Histopathological examination of four-quadrant biopsy specimens showed a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A transradiocarpal amputation with stump closure using radial flap was performed as it was not possible to achieve a functionally and cosmetically acceptable hand after a wide excision with 2 cm tumour-free margin. It is our intention to highlight this rare condition as reminder to consider this entity as a differential diagnosis of chronic non-healing skin ulcer.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery

Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 313 in total