Displaying publications 21 - 37 of 37 in total

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  1. Gastric outlet obstruction secondary to a pedunculated hyperplastic polyp with early malignant changes
    Burud IAS, Tata MD, Tak NAB
    J Taibah Univ Med Sci, 2018 Jun;13(3):305-308.
    PMID: 31435339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.10.004
    Hyperplastic polyps are the most common polypoidal lesions of the stomach showing a varied presentation. They may be asymptomatic; however, occasionally they can cause anaemia and gastric outlet obstruction. Malignant transformation is a serious complication associated with such polyps. We present the case of an elderly woman who complained of epigastric pain and intermittent vomiting. Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGDS) showed a large pedunculated polyp along the lesser curvature of the stomach, 4 cm from the gastro-oesophageal junction, extending into the first part of the duodenum that caused gastric outlet obstruction. Computed tomography reported a soft-tissue mass arising from the incisura and extending through the pylorus into the duodenum (D1 and proximal D2). An endoscopic polypectomy was performed, and histopathological examination reported evidence of early gastric carcinoma. She underwent regular endoscopic follow-up with biopsies performed over 2 years, and the last follow-up showed mild-to-moderate dysplasia at the previous excision site. She underwent a planned laparoscopic wedge resection, and histopathological examination confirmed the presence of a hyperplastic polyp showing low-grade dysplasia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
  2. Fulltext Microbial Diversity and Community Variation in the Intestines of Layer Chickens
    Xiao SS, Mi JD, Mei L, Liang J, Feng KX, Wu YB, et al.
    Animals (Basel), 2021 Mar 16;11(3).
    PMID: 33809729 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030840
    The intestinal microbiota is increasingly recognized as an important component of host health, metabolism and immunity. Early gut colonizers are pivotal in the establishment of microbial community structures affecting the health and growth performance of chickens. White Lohmann layer is a common commercial breed. Therefore, this breed was selected to study the pattern of changes of microbiota with age. In this study, the duodenum, caecum and colorectum contents of white Lohmann layer chickens from same environment control farm were collected and analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing to explore the spatial and temporal variations in intestinal microbiota. The results showed that the diversity of the microbial community structure in the duodenum, caecum and colorectum increased with age and tended to be stable when the layer chickens reached 50 days of age and the distinct succession patterns of the intestinal microbiota between the duodenum and large intestine (caecum and colorectum). On day 0, the diversity of microbes in the duodenum was higher than that in the caecum and colorectum, but the compositions of intestinal microbes were relatively similar, with facultative anaerobic Proteobacteria as the main microbes. However, the relative abundance of facultative anaerobic bacteria (Escherichia) gradually decreased and was replaced by anaerobic bacteria (Bacteroides and Ruminococcaceae). By day 50, the structure of intestinal microbes had gradually become stable, and Lactobacillus was the dominant bacteria in the duodenum (41.1%). The compositions of dominant microbes in the caecum and colorectum were more complex, but there were certain similarities. Bacteroides, Odoribacter and Clostridiales vadin BB60 group were dominant. The results of this study provide evidence that time and spatial factors are important factors affecting the intestinal microbiota composition. This study provides new knowledge of the intestinal microbiota colonization pattern of layer chickens in early life to improve the intestinal health of layer chickens.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
  3. Fulltext Can I give food or drink to my terminally ill child?
    Taufiq Hidayat, Zahoor Iqbal, Ariffin Nasir, Norsarwany Mohamad, Fahisham Taib
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2015;7(3):73-78.
    MyJurnal
    Food is considered as a social responsibility of caregivers to their children. It has cultural connotation for all races notwithstanding their background and religious belief; that social responsibility should not be separated even in terminally ill patients. We recorded a case scenario of a terminally ill child who faced difficult end of life with inability to take oral fluids or food due to mechanical obstruction of duodenum by the pelvic rhabdomyosarcoma. From cultural context, the physical act of giving food and fluids to a sick person is considered “a display of one’s affection”. It is understandable that, once the dying phase has reached, and the body starts to shut down, administering fluids may not be useful despite it is deemed necessary from cultural point of view. This case illustrates an ethical dilemma in managing a child with end stage metastatic disease with multiple systemic complications, compounded with futility of medical care and complex social circumstances. It is quite challenging for physicians and relatives to provide good end of life care to patients in palliative care setting. Ensuring good quality of care, quality of life and quality of death are paramount to avoid suffering and distress among the patients and family members.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
  4. Gut health and serum growth hormone levels of broiler chickens fed dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp
    Ibitoye EB, Lokman IH, Hezmee MNM, Goh YM, Zuki ABZ, Jimoh AA, et al.
    Poult Sci, 2019 Feb 01;98(2):745-752.
    PMID: 30265345 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey419
    Growth hormones (GH) alone does not explain the growth rate in the chicken as growth in an animal is multi-factorial. Normal morphology of the intestinal villus and crypt, with adequate regulation of intestinal nutrient transporters, is essential to a healthy gut. Nutrition plays a significant role in gut health management, but information on the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan on gut morphology, gene expression of nutrient transporter, and serum levels of GH in broiler chickens is scanty. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the comparative effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on the small intestinal morphology, relative gene expression of intestinal nutrient transporters and serum level of GH in the broiler. A total of 150 day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to one of the five treatment groups (n = 30). Treatment 1 was fed basal diet only, treatments 2 to 5 were fed a basal diet with 0.5 g cricket chitin, cricket chitosan, shrimp chitin, and shrimp chitosan, respectively, per kg diet. At days 21 and 42, duodenal and jejunal samples were assessed for structural morphology and jejunum for the relative gene expression of PepT1, EAAT3, SGLT1, and SGLT5 using quantitative real-time PCR. Results bared that dietary cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan significantly (P < 0.05) improved jejunal villus height and reduced crypt depth without improving the body weight (BW). The gut morphology of birds under cricket chitin was poor and significantly (P < 0.05) different from other treated groups. Both the dietary chitin and chitosan at day 21 and only dietary chitosan at day 42 significantly (P < 0.05) down-regulated the relative mRNA expression of PepT1, EAAT3, SGLT1, and SGLT5 of broiler chickens. Treated groups differ non-significantly at both phases, while cricket chitin numerically increased the relative expression of PepT1, EAAT3, and SGLT1. Therefore, the potential of cricket chitin to improve BW and to up-regulate nutrient transporters is worthy of further exploration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
  5. Fulltext Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome in association with Abdominal Tuberculosis: An Eye Opener
    Bhatt S, Mishra B, Tandon A, Manchanda S, Parthsarathy G
    Malays J Med Sci, 2017 May;24(3):96-100.
    PMID: 28814938 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.3.12
    Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome (SMAS) is a rare clinical entity presenting as acute or chronic upper gastrointestinal obstruction. It occurs due to compression of third part of duodenum between abdominal aorta and overlying superior mesenteric artery caused by a decrease in angle between the two vessels. Rapid loss of retroperitoneal fat, in conditions leading to severe weight loss is the main factor responsible for this disorder. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome in association with abdominal tuberculosis has not been reported earlier to the best of our knowledge. Therefore, an unknown cause (SMAS) of upper gastrointestinal obstruction in a patient of abdominal tuberculosis is being presented for the first time through this case report. An imaging diagnosis of SMAS was made on contrast enhanced CT abdomen which also confirmed the clinical suspicion of abdominal tuberculosis in the patient. The patient was managed conservatively and recovered without requiring any surgical intervention for the obstructive symptoms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
  6. Management of a rare case of arteriovenous malformation of the head of the pancreas
    Shahrudin MD, Noori SM
    Hepatogastroenterology, 1997 Jan-Feb;44(13):284-7.
    PMID: 9058160
    Arterio-venous malformation (AVM) of the head of the pancreas is a rare condition that may cause upper gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) bleeding. A 45-year-old man with a large AVM at the pancreato-biliary region is described. The patient had recurrent episodes of hematemesis and melena. Enlargement of the AVM was documented by serial abdominal CT scans performed after each bleed. Whipple procedure was successfully performed in this patient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum/blood supply*
  7. Single dose treatment with Tiberal of Giardia lamblia infection in children
    Iyngkaran N, Lee IL, Robinson MJ
    Scand. J. Infect. Dis., 1978;10(3):243-6.
    PMID: 362519
    A new metronidazole derivative, Tiberal (Ro-07-0207, Roche Laboratories), was evaluated in 22 children with Giardia lamblia infection. Seven patients received an oral dose of 1 g twice daily for one day; the remaining 15 patients received a single dose of 50 mg/kg. Parasitological cure was noted in all 22 patients. Significant side effects were observed only in those children who received the drug at the higher dosage regime. The present study also confirms the findings of other authors that a mucosal imprint method is more reliable than examination of stools, duodenal juice or jejunal biopsy material for the detection of G. lamblia infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum/parasitology
  8. Laparoscopic loop duodenaljejunal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy in type 2 diabetic patients
    Nor Hanipah Z, Hsin MC, Liu CC, Huang CK
    Surg Obes Relat Dis, 2019 May;15(5):696-702.
    PMID: 30935839 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2019.01.016
    BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic loop duodenojejunal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (LDJB-SG) is a new metabolic procedure. Our initial data on type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission after LDJB-SG were promising.

    OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to look at our intermediate outcomes after LDJB-SG.

    SETTING: An academic medical center.

    METHODS: A prospective analysis of T2D patients who underwent LDJB-SG between October 2011 and October 2014 was performed. Data collected included baseline demographic, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, C-peptide, resolution of co-morbidities, and postoperative complications.

    RESULTS: A total of 163 patients with minimum of follow-up >1 year were enrolled in this study (57 men and 106 women). The mean age and body mass index were 47.7 (±10.7) years and a 30.2 (±5.1) kg/m2, respectively. There were 119 patients on oral hypoglycemic agents only, 29 patients were on oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin, 3 patients were on insulin only, and the other 12 patients were not on diabetic medication. Mean operation time and length of hospital stay were 144.7 (± 45.1) minutes and 2.4 (± 1.0) days, respectively. Seven patients (3.6%) needed reoperation due to bleeding (n = 1), anastomotic leak (n = 2), sleeve strictures (n = 2), and incisional hernia (n = 2). At 2 years of follow-up, there were 56 patients. None of the patients were on insulin and only 20% of patients were on oral hypoglycemic agents. Mean body mass index significantly dropped to 22.9 (±5.6) kg/m2 at 2 years. The mean preoperative fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and C-peptide levels were 174.7 mg/dL (± 61.0), 8.8% (±1.8), and 2.6 (±1.7) ng/mL, respectively. The mean fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and C-peptide at 2 years were 112.5 (±60.7) mg/dL, 6.4% (±2.0), and 1.5 (±0.6) ng/mL, respectively. No patient needed revisional surgery because of dumping syndrome, marginal ulcer, or gastroesophageal reflux disease at the last follow up period.

    CONCLUSION: At 2 years, LDJB-SG is a relatively safe and effective metabolic surgery with significant weight loss and resolution of co-morbidities.

    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum/surgery*
  9. Case report of a hemostatic clip being retained for 2 years after deployment
    Ooi BP, Hassan MR, Kiew KK, Chin KL, Zalwani Z
    Gastrointest Endosc, 2010 Dec;72(6):1315-6.
    PMID: 20561623 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2010.03.1053
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum*
  10. A comparative study of four methods for detecting Giardia lamblia in children with diarrheal disease and malabsorption
    Kamath KR, Murugasu R
    Gastroenterology, 1974 Jan;66(1):16-21.
    PMID: 4809494
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum/secretion
  11. Fulltext Successful endovascular treatment of post-traumatic inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm
    Leong BD, Chuah JA, Kumar VM, Mazri MY, Zainal AA
    Singapore Med J, 2008 Nov;49(11):e300-2.
    PMID: 19037533
    True and pseudoaneurysms of the visceral arteries are uncommon. They represent 0.1-0.2 percent of all vascular aneurysms. Visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) should be treated due to their propensity to rupture and associated high mortality. We describe a 58-year-old man with pseudoaneurysm of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery and who presented with post-motor vehicle accident abdominal pain and a pulsatile epigastic mass. Computed tomography (CT) showed a pseudoaneurysm of the visceral artery, and selective mesenteric angiography showed the aneurysm to be arising from the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery. The aneurysm was successfully treated with endovascular coil embolisation. CT angiogram at one month post-procedure revealed persistent occlusion of the aneurysm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported pseudoaneurysm of inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery secondary to blunt abdominal trauma from a motor vehicle accident and also the first reported VAA from Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum/pathology*
  12. Carcinoma of the pancreas: resection outcome at the University Hospital Kuala Lumpur
    Shahrudin MD
    Int Surg, 1997 Jul-Sep;82(3):269-74.
    PMID: 9372373
    Recent studies have demonstrated a reduction in the morbidity and mortality of pancreatic resection and improvement in the actuarial 5-year survival for patients with resected ductal adenocarcinoma. We reviewed the clinico-pathological characteristics of patients who underwent resection with curative intent for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas between 1980 and 1993.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
  13. Fulltext Comparative Efficacy of Selected Phytobiotics with Halquinol and Tetracycline on Gut Morphology, Ileal Digestibility, Cecal Microbiota Composition and Growth Performance in Broiler Chickens
    Basit MA, Kadir AA, Loh TC, Abdul Aziz S, Salleh A, Zakaria ZA, et al.
    Animals (Basel), 2020 Nov 19;10(11).
    PMID: 33227911 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112150
    The current experiment was designed to estimate the comparative efficacy of selected phytobiotics Persicaria odorata leaf meal (POLM) and Piper betle leaf meal (PBLM) with halquinol, and tetracycline in broiler chickens. The 150-day-old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to five dietary groups. The dietary supplementation groups were the basal diet (BD), which served as the negative control (NC), and BD + 0.2 g/kg tetracycline, which served as the positive control (PC); BD + 0.03 g/kg halquinol (HAL), BD + 8 g/kg POLM (Po8), and BD + 4 g/kg PBLM (Pb4) were the treatment groups. Growth performance, gut morphology, ileal digestibility, and cecal microbiota composition were measured. On day 21, the body weight gain (BWG) was enhanced (p < 0.05) in the broiler chickens fed on phytobiotics (Po8 and Pb4) relative to the NC group, however, on day 42 and in terms of overall growth performance, BWG was enhanced (p < 0.05 in diets (Po8, Pb4, HAL and PC) in comparison with the NC group. Conversely, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded reduced (p < 0.05) in Pb4, Po8, HAL, and PC group in comparison with the NC group. Supplementation of phytobiotics (Po8 and Pb4), HAL and PC, positively improved the gut morphology compared to the NC group. Furthermore, the maximum (p < 0.05) villus height (VH) in duodenum and jejunum was observed in broilers fed on diet Pb4. Supplementation of phytobiotics, HAL and PC, improved (p < 0.05) the digestibility of dry matter (DM) (except for HAL), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and ash compared to the NC group. Dietary supplementation of phytobiotics (Po8 and Pb4), HAL and PC, significantly reduced the E. coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus (except for HAL) counts compared to the NC group. However, supplementation of Pb4 resulted in significantly decreased total anaerobic bacteria and Clostridium spp. counts compared to the NC group. In addition, supplementation of phytobiotics significantly increased the Lactobacillus count compared to HAL, PC, and NC groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of phytobiotics improved the gut morphology, positively modulated and maintained the dynamics of cecal microbiota with enhanced nutrient digestibility, thus, increased the growth performance. Based on current results, phytobiotics could be used as an alternative to AGPs for sustainable broiler chicken production.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
  14. Prebiotic evaluation of red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) using in vitro colon model
    Bajury DM, Rawi MH, Sazali IH, Abdullah A, Sarbini SR
    Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2017 Nov;68(7):821-828.
    PMID: 28393631 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1309522
    Red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) cultivated from Sabah (RSS) and Langkawi (RSL) were digested using in vitro mouth, gastric and duodenal model. The digested seaweed then fermented in a pH-controlled batch culture system inoculated with human faeces to mimic the distal colon. Bacterial enumeration were monitored using fluorescent in situ hybridisation, and the fermentation end products, the short chain fatty acids (SCFA), were analysed using HPLC. Both RSS and RSL showed significant increase of Bifidobacterium sp.; from log10 7.96 at 0 h to log10 8.72 at 24 h, and from log10 7.96 at 0 h to log10 8.60 at 24 h, respectively, and shows no significant difference when compared to the Bifidobacterium sp. count at 24 h of inulin fermentation. Both seaweeds also showed significant increase in total SCFA production, particularly acetate and propionate. Overall, this data suggested that K. alvarezii might have the potential as a prebiotic ingredient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
  15. Fulltext Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis as the initial manifestation of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
    Narisa, S.S., Shanti, P., Jeevinesh, N.A., Sakthiswary, R.
    Medicine & Health, 2013;8(2):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, commonly involves the stomach and small intestine with eosinophilic infiltration. Here, we report an unusual case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis involving the entire digestive tract as a manifestation of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). A 22-year-old woman presented to us with diarrhoea, pleural effusion, ascites and marked peripheral oeosinophilia. Stool specimens were negative for parasites, ova, bacteria, and fungi. Endoscopic studies showed pangastritis and duodenitis. Biopsy specimens of the oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, ileum, and colon demonstrated oeosinophilic infiltration. A diagnosis of hypereosinophilic syndrome with eosinophilic gastroenteritis involving the entire digestive tract was made. Hence, she was treated with prednisolone. Symptoms and peripheral oeosinophilia rapidly resolved with treatment, and radiological investigations revealed resolution of effusion. This case illustrates the wide spectrum of clinical manifestation of the disease, whereby it involves the entire digestive tract and it also emphasizes the diagnostic yields of endoscopic biopsies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
  16. Portal vein tumor thrombus from gastric cancer
    Liang Ong SC, Batumaly SK, Jusoh SM
    J Ultrason, 2018;18(75):365-368.
    PMID: 30763024 DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2018.0054
    A 53-year-old woman presented with left-sided abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting for the past 3 months with associated loss of appetite and weight. On physical examination, there was a large, ill-defined, firm mass at the epigastrium. Ultrasonography showed heterogeneously hypoechoic filling defect within the dilated main portal vein. The filling defect showed florid signals on Doppler mode and it appeared to be an extension of a larger periportal mass. Contrast enhanced abdominal computed tomography confirmed a large distal gastric mass infiltrating into the periportal structures, including the main portal vein and the splenic vein. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed 2 days later showed an irregular, exophytic mass extending from the antrum into the first part of duodenum. The mass was deemed inoperable. Histopathological examination showed gastric adenocarcinoma. She was started on anticoagulant, chemotherapy and pain management. Follow-up computed tomography 4 months later showed liver metastases and formation of collateral blood vessels.

    A 53-year-old woman presented with left-sided abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting for the past 3 months with associated loss of appetite and weight. On physical examination, there was a large, ill-defined, firm mass at the epigastrium. Ultrasonography showed heterogeneously hypoechoic filling defect within the dilated main portal vein. The filling defect showed florid signals on Doppler mode and it appeared to be an extension of a larger periportal mass. Contrast enhanced abdominal computed tomography confirmed a large distal gastric mass infiltrating into the periportal structures, including the main portal vein and the splenic vein. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed 2 days later showed an irregular, exophytic mass extending from the antrum into the first part of duodenum. The mass was deemed inoperable. Histopathological examination showed gastric adenocarcinoma. She was started on anticoagulant, chemotherapy and pain management. Follow-up computed tomography 4 months later showed liver metastases and formation of collateral blood vessels.

    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
  17. Fulltext Effects of graded dose dietary supplementation of Piper betle leaf meal and Persicaria odorata leaf meal on growth performance, apparent ileal digestibility, and gut morphology in broilers
    Basit MA, Arifah AK, Loh TC, Saleha AA, Salleh A, Kaka U, et al.
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2020 Jun;27(6):1503-1513.
    PMID: 32489287 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.04.017
    Due to antimicrobial resistance and the public health hazard of antibiotic growth promoters, there is a grave need to find potential alternatives for sustainable poultry production. Piper betle (PB) and Persicaria odorata (PO) are herbs, which have been reported for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study aimed to estimate the influence of different dose supplementation of Piper betle leaf meal (PBLM) and Persicaria odorata leaf meal (POLM) on growth performance, ileal digestibility and gut morphology of broilers chickens. A total of 210 one day-old broiler chicks were randomly grouped into 7 treatments, and each treatment group has 3 replicates (n = 10) with a total number of 30 chicks. The treatments included T1 control (basal diet (BD) with no supplementation), T2 (BD + 2 g/kg PBLM); T3 (BD + 4 g/kg PBLM), T4 (BD + 8 g/kg PBLM), T5 (BD + 2 g/kg POLM), T6 (BD + 4 g/kg POLM), T7 (BD + 8 g/kg POLM). Growth performance, gut morphology and ileal digestibility were measured. Except for T4 (8 g/kg PBLM), graded dose inclusion of PBLM and POLM increased (P duodenum as well as for jejunum. Furthermore, the birds fed on supplementations T3 and T7 showed improved (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Duodenum
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