MyMedR

Multiple arterial, neural and muscular variations in upper limb of a single cadaver

Vollala VR, Nagabhooshana S, Bhat SM, Potu BK, Rodrigues V, Pamidi N

Rom J Morphol Embryol, 2009;50(1):129-35.

PMID: 19221659

During routine dissection classes to undergraduate medical students, we have observed some important anatomic variations in the right upper limb of a 45-year-old cadaver. The anomalies were superficial ulnar artery, persistent median artery, variant superficial palmar arch, third head for biceps brachii, accessory head for flexor pollicis longus, variant insertion of pectoralis major, absence of musculocutaneous nerve, coracobrachialis muscle supplied by lateral root of median nerve and anomalous branching of median nerve in arm and forearm. Although there are individual reports about these variations, the combination of these variations in one cadaver has not previously been described in the literature consulted. Awareness of these variations is necessary to avoid complications during radiodiagnostic procedures or surgeries in the upper limb.

Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/abnormalities; Tendons/pathology

Fulltext Peroneus quartus and peroneal tendoscopy

Yong CK

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61 Suppl B:45-7.

PMID: 17605180

This is a report of a case of peroneal subluxation caused by peroneus quartus, a supernumerary muscle in the peroneal muscle group. Peroneus quartus' anatomy and its clinical relevance in lateral ankle pain, swelling and peroneal subluxation are described. It may be accurately diagnosed by peroneal tendoscopy. The technical note of this procedure is also described.

Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/pathology; Tendons/surgery*

Morphometric analysis and surgical adequacy of palmaris longus as a tendon graft. A systematic review of cadaveric studies

Yammine K, Erić M

Surg Radiol Anat, 2020 Mar;42(3):259-267.

PMID: 31741040 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-019-02381-x

INTRODUCTION: The tendon of the palmaris longus is commonly used as a tendon graft in many reconstructive surgeries. Easy to access and at proximity to the hand, the palmaris longus tendon is considered as the optimal tendon source for hand reconstructive surgery. However, and besides its inconsistency, the size of the palmaris longus tendon is reported to show variability. The aim of this study is to look for the surgical adequacy of the palmaris longus tendon by conducting a quantitative synthesis on its length and width in human populations and its correlation with the forearm length.

METHODS: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria including 1761 cadaveric limbs.

RESULTS: The results were as following: (a) the mean palmaris longus tendon length was of 13.9 ± 2.6 cm, (b) the mean ratio palmaris longus tendon length/forearm length was of 0.545 ± 0.06, (c) the weighted correlation value was of 0.686, and (d) the mean palmaris longus tendon width was of 4.0 ± 1.7 mm. Only five studies reported a palmaris longus tendon length of more than 15 cm. The palmaris longus tendon length was shown to vary between ancestries; the Japanese had the shortest while Malaysian the longest palmaris longus tendons. All studies but one reported a palmaris longus tendon mean width of more than 3 mm where the minimal mean palmaris longus tendon width was of 2.5 mm.

CONCLUSION: While the requested length depends on the recipient site and/or type of reconstructive surgery, the palmaris longus tendon often met the required diameter for grafting. Our review demonstrated that while palmaris longus length varies between ancestries, its width is often adequate for grafting. In addition, the forearm length could be a good predictor of palmaris longus tendon length; such correlation could assist surgeons when planning to use palmaris longus tendon as a graft source.

Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/anatomy & histology*; Tendons/transplantation

The Linburg-Comstock anomaly: incidence in Malaysians and effect on pinch strength

Low TH, Faruk Senan NA, Ahmad TS

J Hand Surg Am, 2012 May;37(5):930-2.

PMID: 22386556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.01.020

To obtain epidemiologic data on the Linburg-Comstock anomaly in Malaysia and to study the effect of the anomaly on key pinch strength.

Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/abnormalities*; Tendons/physiopathology

Fulltext Is A New Combination of Tendon Transfers For Radial Nerve Palsy (RNP) Needed?

Ramdhan I, Nawfar S, Paiman M

Malays Orthop J, 2014 Mar;8(1):75-8.

PMID: 25347622 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1403.006

Radial nerve palsy following traumatic humeral diaphyseal fractures occurs uncommonly. Most recover with good outcome. However the cases with poor outcome or recovery will have tendon transfers to regain the lost functions. Various tendon transfer methods and choices are available in literatures citing acceptable to good results. We report a case of radial nerve transection secondary to a closed traumatic diaphyseal fracture of the humerus which did not improve despite the repair. As many conventional technique produce asynergistic muscle action with secondary post-transfer deformity, thus we had resorted to tendon transfer procedure using an unconventional donor and recipient tendons yielding good results. This new combination of tendon transfers was invented involves better dynamic correlation of synergistic muscles action and produces good outcome and hand function.