MyMedR

Fulltext Bilateral tension pneumothorax after acupuncture

Mohammad N

BMJ Case Rep, 2018 Apr 19;2018.

PMID: 29674395 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-221550

Acupuncture is an ancient complementary medicine which is currently used worldwide. Many serious adverse events have been reported which include a spectrum of mild-to-fatal complications. However, the level of awareness with regard to complications is still low both to physicians and patients. We report a 63-year-old who presented with acute shortness of breath 2 hours after having had acupuncture. On examination, there was absent breath sound heard on the left lung and slightly reduced breath sound on the right lung. She had type 1 respiratory failure. Urgent chest radiograph confirmed bilateral pneumothorax which was more severe on the left with tension pneumothorax and mediastinal shift. Chest tubes were inserted bilaterally after failed needle aspiration attempts. Subsequently, the pneumothoraces resolved, and she was discharged well. The bilateral pneumothoraces caused by acupuncture were curable but could have been potentially fatal if diagnosis was delayed. This case report adds to the limited current literature on the complications of acupuncture leading to bilateral pneumothoraces.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic/methods*

Final year physiotherapy student's reliability in chest X-ray interpretation

Ball V, Chiu CS, Lian YP, Lingeswaran L

Physiother Theory Pract, 2018 Jan;34(1):54-57.

PMID: 28816591 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2017.1360423

BACKGROUND: Newly qualified physiotherapists may be required to interpret an unreported chest X-ray (CXR) as part of their physiotherapy assessment in "on call" situations. Their interpretation may influence the patient management strategies they adopt. There is no research published which have tested the reliability of final year physiotherapy students in CXR interpretation.

METHODS: Twenty-five final year physiotherapy students were asked to view and interpret the findings of six CXRs, together with a brief vignette, typical of a single commonly encountered diagnosis. Students were also asked if they had received additional CXR training on placement or had a desire to specialize in respiratory care.

RESULTS: The CXR interpretations were scored as incorrect 0, partially correct 1 (abnormality detected but not able to diagnose or missed some detail) and 2 correct. Scores for each of the six CXRs were added to give a total score (out of 12). The median score was 3 out of 12, (range 0-9). Median scores were slightly higher at 4 out of 12 in those students with additional training or a desire to specialize (range 1-7), but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.43).

CONCLUSIONS: Final year physiotherapy students were not able to reliably interpret CXRs. These findings were consistent with previous published research involving medical students. Therefore on graduation before starting "on call" duties it is recommended newly qualified physiotherapists receive additional training in CXR interpretation.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic*

Fulltext An Overview of Deep Learning Techniques on Chest X-Ray and CT Scan Identification of COVID-19

Serena Low WC, Chuah JH, Tee CATH, Anis S, Shoaib MA, Faisal A, et al.

Comput Math Methods Med, 2021;2021:5528144.

PMID: 34194535 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5528144

Pneumonia is an infamous life-threatening lung bacterial or viral infection. The latest viral infection endangering the lives of many people worldwide is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19. This paper is aimed at detecting and differentiating viral pneumonia and COVID-19 disease using digital X-ray images. The current practices include tedious conventional processes that solely rely on the radiologist or medical consultant's technical expertise that are limited, time-consuming, inefficient, and outdated. The implementation is easily prone to human errors of being misdiagnosed. The development of deep learning and technology improvement allows medical scientists and researchers to venture into various neural networks and algorithms to develop applications, tools, and instruments that can further support medical radiologists. This paper presents an overview of deep learning techniques made in the chest radiography on COVID-19 and pneumonia cases.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic/statistics & numerical data

Fulltext Tuberculosis in Pediatric Antiretroviral Therapy Programs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Diagnosis and Screening Practices

Ballif M, Renner L, Claude Dusingize J, Leroy V, Ayaya S, Wools-Kaloustian K, et al.

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc, 2015 Mar;4(1):30-8.

PMID: 26407355 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piu020

BACKGROUND: The global burden of childhood tuberculosis (TB) is estimated to be 0.5 million new cases per year. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children are at high risk for TB. Diagnosis of TB in HIV-infected children remains a major challenge.

METHODS: We describe TB diagnosis and screening practices of pediatric antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, and Central and South America. We used web-based questionnaires to collect data on ART programs and patients seen from March to July 2012. Forty-three ART programs treating children in 23 countries participated in the study.

RESULTS: Sputum microscopy and chest Radiograph were available at all programs, mycobacterial culture in 40 (93%) sites, gastric aspiration in 27 (63%), induced sputum in 23 (54%), and Xpert MTB/RIF in 16 (37%) sites. Screening practices to exclude active TB before starting ART included contact history in 41 sites (84%), symptom screening in 38 (88%), and chest Radiograph in 34 sites (79%). The use of diagnostic tools was examined among 146 children diagnosed with TB during the study period. Chest Radiograph was used in 125 (86%) children, sputum microscopy in 76 (52%), induced sputum microscopy in 38 (26%), gastric aspirate microscopy in 35 (24%), culture in 25 (17%), and Xpert MTB/RIF in 11 (8%) children.

CONCLUSIONS: Induced sputum and Xpert MTB/RIF were infrequently available to diagnose childhood TB, and screening was largely based on symptom identification. There is an urgent need to improve the capacity of ART programs in low- and middle-income countries to exclude and diagnose TB in HIV-infected children.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic/economics; Radiography, Thoracic/methods

Fulltext Asbestosis in Malaysia: report on first two cases

Lim HH, Rampal KG, Joginder S, Abu Bakar CM, Chan KH, Vivek TN

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Sep;54(3):364-7.

PMID: 11045065

The first two cases of asbestosis in Malaysia are reported. Both had considerable occupational exposure to asbestos dust in the past, with a long latency period exceeding 30 years. One case presented with distinctive clinical and radiological features, while the other case was only confirmed by histological diagnosis. The usefulness of modern investigation techniques such as CT scan in the diagnosis of asbestosis is also illustrated.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Fulltext Pneumonia presenting as acute abdomen in children: a report of three cases

Vendargon S, Wong PS, Tan KK

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Dec;55(4):520-3.

PMID: 11221169

From 10th September 1998 till 5th June 1999, the Paediatric and Cardiothoracic Surgery Units of Sultanah Aminah Hospital Johor Bahru managed three children with lung collapse secondary to pneumonia. The dominant initial clinical presentation in all three cases was acute abdominal pain. Basal pneumonia was diagnosed in two cases post-operatively after surgical contributory causes were excluded intra-operatively. Thoracotomy, evacuation of infected debris and decortication of the collapsed lung was done in all three cases. In children presenting with acute abdominal pain, basal pneumonia should be considered as a possible contributory cause.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Congenital lobar emphysema: a case with bronchial septum

Saim L, Mohamad AS, Ambu VK

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 1994 Jan;28(2-3):241-6.

PMID: 8157425

Congenital lobar emphysema has been described under various designations. Although the etiology is not clear, some form of bronchial obstruction has been documented in about 50% of the patients. A rare case of congenital lobar emphysema with a membranous septum in the left main bronchus is described. Although prompt lobectomy has been the treatment of choice in most cases, this case demonstrates the importance of early bronchoscopy to exclude treatable intra luminal abnormalities.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Fulltext A report of the first three cases of diffuse panbronchiolitis in Malaysia

Zainudin BM, Roslina AM, Fadilah SA, Samad SA, Sufarlan AW, Isa MR

Med J Malaysia, 1996 Mar;51(1):136-40.

PMID: 10967994

Three cases of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) occurring in two Malaysian Chinese patients and one Malay patient are reported. They had similar clinical, radiological and physiological features which are characteristic of DPB. The diagnosis in one of the cases was confirmed histologically by transbronchial lung biopsy. These could be the first three cases identified in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Fulltext Dynamic cervical lung lobe herniation in a shih tzu dog

Joanne, T.S.Y., Lim, M.L., Asnawi, O., Shamsul, M.A.H., Khor, K.H.

Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2019;31(1):38-42.

MyJurnal

An 8-year-old spayed female Shih Tzu was referred to University Veterinary Hospital (UVH) with history of chronic coughing for more than a year duration. Dry, hacking cough was heard and bilateral wheezing lung sound was noted upon physical examination. Auscultation of heart revealed left apical systolic heart murmur Grade III/VI. A soft, intermittent swelling was observed at ventral neck, cranial to thoracic inlet (protruded upon expiration and collapsed upon inspiration). Thoracic radiography taken showed presence of apical radiolucency at cervical region and bronchial pattern at caudodorsal lungs with left atrium enlargement and right-sided heart enlargement. Echocardiographic examination revealed myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) with mild regurgitation. Based on diagnostic imaging, this case was diagnosed as dynamic lung lobe herniation secondary to chronic coughing concurrent with myxomatous mitral valve disease. Other differential diagnosis that may lead to chronic cough such as of tracheal collapsed and bronchiectasis was not rule out.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Fulltext Dental technician pneumoconiosis mimicking pulmonary tuberculosis: a case report

Tan HL, Faisal M, Soo CI, Ban AY, Manap RA, Hassan TM

BMC Pulm Med, 2016 09 07;16(1):131.

PMID: 27604085 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-016-0293-2

BACKGROUND: Dental laboratory technicians are at risk of developing occupational respiratory diseases due to exposure to various potentially toxic substances in their working environment. Since 1939, few cases of silicosis among dental technician have been reported.

CASE PRESENTATION: We illustrate a 38 year-old female, who worked in a dental laboratory for 20 years, initially treated as pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic necrotising aspergillosis without much improvement. Computed tomography guided lung biopsy and bronchoscopic transbronchial lung biopsy were performed. Lung tissue biopsies showed presence of refractile dental materials within the areas of histiocyte proliferation. The diagnosis of dental technician pneumoconiosis was obtained and our patient underwent pulmonary rehabilitation.

CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the importance of obtaining a detailed occupational history in tuberculosis endemic area, as pulmonary tuberculosis is a great mimicker of other respiratory diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Cutaneous Larva Migrans Associated With Löffler's Syndrome in a 6-Year-Old Boy

Wang S, Xu W, Li LF

Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2017 Sep;36(9):912-914.

PMID: 28338526 DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001593

Cutaneous larva migrans is a frequent dermatologic problem among travelers in tropical areas, but its association with Löffler's syndrome is an extremely rare condition, particularly in children. Here, we describe a 6-year-old boy presenting cutaneous larva migrans associated with Löffler's syndrome.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Electro-navigational bronchoscopy for bilateral peripheral lung lesions: A case report

Faisal AH, Sopian AW, Tidi H

Med J Malaysia, 2017 08;72(4):241-243.

PMID: 28889136 MyJurnal

Electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB), one of the methods of navigational bronchoscopy is an advanced diagnostic tool allowing tissue sampling at the lung peripheries which were previously accessible only by computed tomography (CT) guidance or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). We report a 53-year-old man who presented with a cough and dyspnea with constitutional symptoms for one month. CT thorax revealed multiple bilateral peripheral lung nodules and there were no endobronchial lesions on flexible bronchoscopy. ENB was performed using a loan machine from Veran navigational technology. Biopsy successfully revealed small cell carcinoma of the lung thus preventing him from undergoing a more invasive diagnostic procedure. This case highlights the utility of ENB in the evaluation of peripheral lung nodules that were inaccessible by conventional bronchoscopy. This is one of the first few successful applications of Veran ENB in Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Entrance surface dose and image quality: comparison of adult chest and abdominal X-ray examinations in general practitioner clinics, public and private hospitals in Malaysia

Hambali AS, Ng KH, Abdullah BJ, Wang HB, Jamal N, Spelic DC, et al.

Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2009 Jan;133(1):25-34.

PMID: 19223292 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncp007

This study was undertaken to compare the entrance surface dose (ESD) and image quality of adult chest and abdominal X-ray examinations conducted at general practitioner (GP) clinics, and public and private hospitals in Malaysia. The surveyed facilities were randomly selected within a given category (28 GP clinics, 20 public hospitals and 15 private hospitals). Only departmental X-ray units were involved in the survey. Chest examinations were done at all facilities, while only hospitals performed abdominal examinations. This study used the x-ray attenuation phantoms and protocols developed for the Nationwide Evaluation of X-ray Trends (NEXT) survey program in the United States. The ESD was calculated from measurements of exposure and clinical geometry. An image quality test tool was used to evaluate the low-contrast detectability and high-contrast detail performance under typical clinical conditions. The median ESD value for the adult chest X-ray examination was the highest (0.25 mGy) at GP clinics, followed by private hospitals (0.22 mGy) and public hospitals (0.17 mGy). The median ESD for the adult abdominal X-ray examination at public hospitals (3.35 mGy) was higher than that for private hospitals (2.81 mGy). Results of image quality assessment for the chest X-ray examination show that all facility types have a similar median spatial resolution and low-contrast detectability. For the abdominal X-ray examination, public hospitals have a similar median spatial resolution but larger low-contrast detectability compared with private hospitals. The results of this survey clearly show that there is room for further improvement in performing chest and abdominal X-ray examinations in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic/statistics & numerical data*

Fulltext Monitoring treatment response in sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients: comparison of weight gain, sputum conversion and chest radiograph

How SH, Kuan YC, Ng TH, Razali MR, Fauzi AR

Malays J Pathol, 2014 Aug;36(2):91-6.

PMID: 25194531 MyJurnal

Monitoring treatment response to anti-tuberculous therapy remains unsatisfactory in resource-limited countries where sophisticated and expensive tests are not readily available. Sputum culture for mycobacterium is desirable, but not obtainable in many developing countries. Sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear alone can be misinterpreted in the presence of unviable bacilli or non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Hence the search for a cheaper but reliable monitoring tool, or a combination of several tools, continues. Interesting reports from studies in third world nations have considered weight gain/loss as one such monitoring tool. Since pulmonary tuberculosis is endemic in this country, we take the opportunity to evaluate weight gain and chest radiograph, compared to sputum AFB smear in monitoring patient's response.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Fulltext Single stage minimally invasive bilateral video assisted thoracoscopic surgery for simultaneous bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Sachithanandan A, Nur Ezrin I, Badmanaban B

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Apr;67(2):226-7.

PMID: 22822653 MyJurnal

Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax (SBSP) is a very rare life-threatening condition that requires rapid diagnosis and treatment. Most cases are secondary to various underlying lung pathology but a primary SBSP may occur due to rupture of subpleural blebs or bullae. Surgery via an open or minimally invasive approach provides definitive treatment and can be undertaken as a staged or simultaneous procedure. We report our experience with two such rare cases utilizing a single stage minimally invasive bilateral video assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) approach. The pathogenesis of this rare condition and intra-operative technical considerations for a successful outcome are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Susuk

Alhamad T

Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2011 Aug 15;184(4):484.

PMID: 21844517 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201012-2018IM

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Cardiac metastasis: a rare involvement of primitive neuroectodermal tumour of the lung

Ngow HA, Wan Khairina WM

Pathol Oncol Res, 2011 Sep;17(3):771-4.

PMID: 21213128 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-010-9328-9

A 15 year-old adolescent was referred with 2 month history of worsening of breathlessness and haemoptysis. He also reported constitutional symptoms of fever, poor appetite and weight loss. The chest roentgenogram showed a massive right pleural effusion with apparent cardiomegaly. The cardiac silhouette over the right heart border was obliterated and the mediastinum was widened. Computed tomogram of the thorax showed a bulky heterogeneous mass in the right lung with extension to the heart. Subsequent CT guided lung biopsy revealed Primitive Neuroectodermal tumour (PNET). Here, we illustrate the clinical course of an aggressive pulmonary PNET with lethal cardiac metastasis.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Tumour volume and lung metastasis in patients with osteosarcoma

Munajat I, Zulmi W, Norazman MZ, Wan Faisham WI

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2008 Aug;16(2):182-5.

PMID: 18725669

To assess the association between tumour volume and occurrence of lung metastasis in patients with osteosarcoma and to determine the cut-off value.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Fulltext Traumatic transection of aorta

Ho CK, Yip KT, Eng JB, Rajan L, Tan BH

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Sep;56(3):374-7.

PMID: 11732086

A 16 year-old man presented with fracture of both his femurs after a road traffic accident. Chest radiograph revealed mediastinal widening. Subsequent CT scan and arch aortogram confirmed the findings of traumatic aortic arch transection at the isthmus. He underwent successful surgical repair. High index of suspicion and prompt actions are important in managing this potentially fatal but treatable condition.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

The patient who had a picnic at a waterfall and presented with haemoptysis and renal failure

Thiruventhiran T, Tan SY

Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2000 May;15(5):727-8.

PMID: 10809822

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic

Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 64 in total