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  1. Fulltext Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM): a comparative study between nursing and medical students
    Intan Idiana Hassan, Nurul Husna Abd Hadi, Soon, Lean Keng
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2012;4(2):94-99.
    MyJurnal
    In recent years, the popularity of using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) as a health care option has increased dramatically all over the world especially in developing countries. As Malaysian statistics showed an increased in chronic diseases among our population, the demand to consume CAM for healing process as well as in pursuit of health and well-being also has increased. Thus it increased patient’s interest to request more information from medical practitioners and nurses who are front health care providers. The objective of this study is to compare the knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) of CAM among final year nursing and medical students in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among final year medical and nursing students using self administered questionnaire. This study utilized the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) model to explain how level of knowledge may reflect nursing and medical students’ attitudes and practice of CAMs. There were 74 students participated where 33 of them were nursing students, and 41 were medical students. Independent t-test was used to compare the KAP of CAM between both groups of students and there was a significant different. As a conclusion, this study revealed that nursing students were more knowledgeable about CAM, possessed positive attitudes, and more willing to practice CAM compared to medical students.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  2. Fulltext Acceptability of Just-in-Time Teaching amongst medical students: a pilot study
    De S, Nagandla K, Kanagasabai S
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2014;6(1):11-19.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Just-in-Time Teaching (JiTT) is a novel method of teaching-learning used in various disciplines of science and humanities. It is a technique that scaffolds the students learning process by reducing the cognitive load which is the load related to the executive control of working memory. Just in time teaching underpins the concept that expertise in learning originates from the knowledge already stored in long term memory and with subsequent interaction between the learner and teacher motivates enhanced active learning and optimizes the intellectual performance.
    Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the acceptability of JiTT over traditional lecture teaching among the medical students.
    Method: In a cross sectional pilot study, three hundred thirty five students participated in a questionnaire based study that grades the various aspects of the traditional lecture series. After the implementation of JiTT method for a period of four months, three hundred two students completed the questionnaire, grading the same variables for JiTT. The analysis was done by using SPSS version 11 applying Paired t test and McNemar's Test.
    Result: The results of our study highlighted that JiTT technique was perceived superior to traditional teaching with statistically significant outcomes in the clarity of the topic (p=0.003,) duration of the session (p=0.002), knowledge gained and orientation for exams (p=0.044). The students perceived JiTT method as less monotonous (p=0.005) increasing their alertness during these sessions (p=0.002).
    Conclusion: We therefore propose that Just-in-Time Teaching method is a more interactive and acceptable teaching-learning tool shifting the nature of teaching to a more student-centric approach as perceived by the medical students. This is the first pioneer study on JiTT to be performed on undergraduate medical students so far.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  3. Fulltext Perceptions of medical students regarding educational climate at different phases of medical training in a Malaysian medical school
    Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff, Rogayah Ja'afar, Hafiza Arzuman, Wan Nor Arifin, Mohamad Najib Mat Pa
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2013;5(3):30-41.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Medical and allied health educators around the globe agreed that an optimal educational climate is a vital aspect for effective learning to take place. Without a doubt, appraisal of the educational climate has been emphasized as a key to the delivery of high quality medical education. In addition, the appraisal provides useful feedback to particular institution to improve their curriculum.

    Objective: This study was employed as part of the School of Medical Sciences (SMS) Universiti Sains Malaysia curriculum review process. It aimed to explore the strengths and weaknesses of the current medical curriculum thus could provide useful information to guide the curriculum review committee during the review process.

    Method: A cross sectional study was conducted on a total of 656 medical students from the first, third and fifth year of study. Purposive sampling method was applied. DREEM was administered to the medical students to evaluate the educational climate in the studied medical school.

    Result: A total of 511 (77.9%) medical students completely responded to the 50 statements of DREEM. The mean global score across phases of medical training was 128.36/200. The global scores for year 1, year 3 and year 5 were 138.94/200, 122.27/200 and 125.49/200 respectively. Results showed that; 1) the medical school had reasonably level of educational climates across phases of medical training; 2) the medical teachers were knowledgeable and well prepared for the teaching; 3) the students were overloaded with factual knowledge; 4) the medical teachers were quite harsh to students during teaching session especially in clinical phase; 5) students experienced a significant amount of stress that led to poor memory; 6) the learning process was inclined toward teacher-centered rather than student-centered learning; 7) students had a considerable healthy social relationships with peers as well as others; and 8) academic dishonesty became more apparent in the clinical phase.

    Conclusion: The medical school's educational environment across different phases of study was more positive than negative. However, there are plenty of rooms for improvement as perceived by the medical students. The medical school should address various important issues highlighted in this article during the curriculum review process.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  4. Fulltext E-cigarettes: facts and legal status
    Sinniah D, Khoo EJ
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2015;9(3):10-19.
    MyJurnal
    The sale of tobacco-based cigarettes has declined in western countries, and ‘Big Tobacco’ is trying to make up the deficit in profits from the developing world. The recent introduction of e-cigarette, in which they have invested both their hopes and their finances, has been a boon to them as it serves to confuse smokers and non-smokers about the real issues relating to the toxicity, dangers, and the promotion of nicotine addiction especially among youths who have not previously smoked cigarettes. E-cigarettes cause inflammation and damage to epithelial cells in human airways and increased risk of infection. E-cigarette vapour contains more carcinogens like formaldehyde and acetaldehyde compared to a regular cigarette. Longterm vaping is associated with an incremental lifetime cancer risk. E-cigarettes are neither safe nor effective in helping smokers quit; there is enough evidence to caution children, adolescents, pregnant women, and women of reproductive age about e-cigarette’s potential for long term consequences to foetal and adolescent brain development that sub-serve emotional and cognitive functions. The nicotine effects that cause modification of late CNS development constitute a hazard of adolescent nicotine use. The American Heart Association (AHA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), World Health Organisation (WHO) and two-thirds of the major nations in the world discourage the promotion of e-cigarettes as an alternative to proven nicotine-addiction treatments. Doctors, health care workers, and medical students should be armed with the facts about e-cigarettes, its dangers, and the legal status concerning its use, in order to be able to offer proper counselling to patients and adolescents, in particular, with special reference to the Malaysian context.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  5. Fulltext Self-evaluation of medical students on the elective research course
    Rasidah Abd Wahab, Zunika Amit
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2014;6(1):62-65.
    MyJurnal
    The significance of learning research methodology and performing research has been accepted by various medical schools in Malaysia as well as in other countries. The aim of integrating research into medical curriculum is to inculcate the research culture and form part of the evidence-based practice among medical professionals. Hence, the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak has incorporated the research component into the preclinical year of the medical curriculum. A survey was conducted to gauge the second year medical students' level of knowledge of research process at the end of the course using a set of questionnaires. Seventy nine of second year medical students participated in the study. The outcome of the study shows significant improvement in the students’ knowledge on research components after completing the one year course (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  6. Fulltext Medical students' reflection on the family planning services at primary health clinics in Malaysia
    Htay MNN, Than NN, Abas AL, Lwin H, Moe S
    J Educ Health Promot, 2018;7:87.
    PMID: 30079358 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_144_17
    CONTEXT: Family planning is crucial for everyone within the reproductive age to promote the health and welfare of every member of the family. For the medical students, it is essential to have core knowledge, understanding of family planning concept, and competency in communication skills with the patients. The final-year medical students are posted in Maternal and Child Health Clinics for 3 weeks to gain the knowledge and practical experiences on the primary healthcare in the community.

    AIMS: The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of final-year medical students on family planning services offered at community clinics in Malaysia.

    SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was qualitative study.

    SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This qualitative study used the data of the students' reflection written in the case reports on family planning. Coding, identification of subthemes, and themes were done by two researchers independently using RQDA software.

    STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Thematic analysis.

    RESULTS: Final-year medical students who had exposure to the clinical services at primary care clinic, regarding Malay word (Klinik Kesihatan) gained the learning opportunities during family planning session such as learning by observation, clerking, and counseling the patients, understanding the barriers to utilizing services and learning for their self-improvement. These learning opportunities lead to developing the positive attitudes on their learning experiences and the positive attitudes toward the concept and services of family planning.

    CONCLUSIONS: To have the better understanding of family planning services and provide the better care to the community in the future, the clinical exposure at the primary care clinics should be promoted for medical students in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  7. Fulltext Approaches of learning among medical undergraduates of faculty of medicine and health sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia in 2016
    Nurul Mursyidah Zakaria, Nur Asyiqin Jasman Farok, Siti Khadijah Adam, Syafinaz Amin Nordin
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(1):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Challenge arises for medical undergraduates as the subject of medicine is intricate and extensive. Although students come from the same pool of excellent academic background, the medical undergraduates are still prone to failure in exams, resulting in them repeating the year of study or even having the thought of changing to other courses. In order to cope with the programme, students may adopt learning approaches that would help them to go through the programme. Therefore, it would be interesting to explore the learning approaches of medical students in Universiti Putra Malaysia. Methods: The purposes of this study were to determine the learning approach of medical undergraduates of Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (FMHS, UPM) together with its associated factors, which were socio-demographic characteristics and learning environment. This research was a cross-sectional study where the sample size calculated was 554. Self-administered questionnaires were given to the respondents chosen by simple random sampling. The socio-demographic characteristics were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage. Chi-square test was used to analyse the association between the variables. Results: The response rate was 83% (460 respondents agreed to participate). The majority of the respondents were females (73.7%), Malay (67%), and in their clinical years of study (58.7%). Overall, most students preferred deep approach (DA) of learning (49.6%), followed by strategic approach (29.1%) and surface apathetic approach (21.3%) of learning. There were statistically significant associations between learning approach and gender (p=0.005), as well as between learning approach and year of study (p=0.037). Conclusion: Our study showed an association between learning approaches and year of study and gender. DA of learning was the preferred learning approach in medical students at FMHS, UPM. This approach of learning, where students learn to understand the subject matter, may result in students become effective learners. Their understanding about the subject matter will be applicable to their clinical practice in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  8. Knowledge and attitude of mandatory infectious disease notification among final year medical students
    Soe HHK, Than NN, Lwin H, Phyu KL, Htay MNN, Moe S, et al.
    J Family Med Prim Care, 2018 9 21;7(4):756-761.
    PMID: 30234049 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_300_17
    Background: Disease surveillance is one of the major components to combat against infectious diseases. As health-care professionals are indispensable to mandatory notifiable disease surveillance, their knowledge and attitudes toward infectious disease notification played an important role for timely and effective reporting to the surveillance system. Therefore, we aimed to determine the knowledge of mandatory notifiable infectious diseases in Malaysia and attitude towards infectious disease reporting among final year medical students.

    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2017 in the private medical college in Malaysia.

    Materials and Methods: We purposively selected the final year (semester 10) medical students and a total of 124 students participated in this study. We collected data using a self-administered, structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance.

    Results: Among the final year medical students, 47.5% had moderate knowledge but 4.2% had good knowledge of mandatory infectious disease notification. Only 3.2% of the students correctly answered all the notifiable diseases listed in the questionnaire. Most of the students had positive attitude toward communicable diseases reporting, rewards, and penalty for notification. There was no significant relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge and attitude of infectious disease notification.

    Conclusions: The majority of the final year medical students had moderate level of knowledge and positive attitude of infectious disease notification; however, there were some deficiencies. Better instruction and training on infectious disease notification procedures of Malaysia should be provided to the final year medical students which could not only reduce underreporting but also improve timely and effective reporting in future.

    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  9. Fulltext Self-Medication Among King Khalid University Students, Saudi Arabia
    Alshahrani SM, Alavudeen SS, Alakhali KM, Al-Worafi YM, Bahamdan AK, Vigneshwaran E
    Risk Manag Healthc Policy, 2019;12:243-249.
    PMID: 31814786 DOI: 10.2147/RMHP.S230257
    Purpose: This study objective was to explore the pattern of self-medications among King Khalid University students, Saudi Arabia.

    Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over five months among King Khalid University students, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

    Results: Among all the study participants, nearly 98.7% were practicing self-medication. Headache (75.9%), cough and cold (52.5%), and fever (35.6%) and body pain (24.6%) were the most reported symptoms. Use of painkillers (91.6%) was significantly predominant among the medical students, whereas non-medical students used antibiotics (35.4%).Time saving (64.2%), mild symptom (51.7%) and quick relief (36.9%) were the reasons behind seeking self-medication in this study.

    Conclusion: Self-medications was common in King Khalid University. Educational programs are highly recommended.

    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  10. Fulltext Prevalence of emotional disorders among medical students in a Malaysian university
    Mohd Sidik S, Rampal L, Kaneson N
    Asia Pac Fam Med, 2003;2(4):213-217.
    Background: Emotional disorder, one of the common human emotional states is defined as feelings of sadness and tiredness in response to life events, such as disappointments. It is one of the major problems among students and although it consists of more than half of all mental disorders, it is often left untreated each year worldwide. Aim: To determine the prevalence of emotional disorders among medical students at a university in Malaysia.
    Methods: A cross sectional study design was used. All medical students at a local university in Malaysia were included in the study. A questionnaire similar to the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used as a screening instrument.
    Results: A total of 41.9% of the medical students were found to have emotional disorders. Factors found to have a significant association with emotional disorders were relationship of the respondents with their parents (chi-square=6.02, d.f.=1, p<0.05), siblings (chi-square=6.94, d.f.=1, p<0.05) and lecturers (chi-square=4.80, d.f.=1, p<0.05), as well as pressure prior to exams (chi-square=10.30, d.f.=1, p<0.05).
    Conclusion: The prevalence of emotional disorders among medical students was high. There was significant association between emotional disorders and respondents' relationship with their parents, siblings and lecturers, as well as level of pressure prior to exam. Early detection of this condition is important to prevent psychological morbidity and its unwanted effects on medical students and young doctors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  11. Fulltext Educational bridges between Ireland and Malaysia: Initial student responses to the Penang Medical College project
    Bury G, Cullen W, Khoo SB
    Asia Pac Fam Med, 2003;2(4):200-205.
    Background: Penang Medical College is a joint Ireland-Malaysia project in which Malaysian students spend their initial 3 years in Ireland and complete their clinical training in Penang and receive Irish qualifications and registration. The educational foundations for such a program, particularly in general practice/primary care, are complex. Objectives: To explore the experiences of current students undertaking clinical training at Penang. Methods: All students were invited to complete an anonymous, confidential questionnaire dealing with foundation course availability and participation, the perceived value of such courses and suggestions for change. Results: Two thirds of all students responded. Attendance at foundation courses varied greatly as did the perceived value of such courses for clinical training. Early patient contact and communications skills courses scored most highly. More 'hands-on' clinical skills training was requested. No student raised ethical, legal or economic issues although these areas include very significant differences between the countries. Discussion: Educational bridges which link the learning and healthcare environments in which students work are crucial in this novel undergraduate setting. Conventional educational structures have value for students but access and relevance can be improved. Students are highly conscious of the differences between these environments but prize familiar themes such as clinical skills training over less tangible areas such as ethical or social structures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  12. Fulltext Tobacco Use in Southeast Asia: Key Evidences for Policy Development
    Efroymson D, Velasco MG
    Citation: Efroymson D, Velasco MG. Tobacco Use in Southeast Asia: Key Evidences for Policy Development. Bangkok, Thailand: Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance; 2007

    TABLE OF CONTENTS
    Acknowledgement 3
    Introduction to SEATCA Research on Tobacco 4
    Tobacco and Poverty: Lessons from Cambodia and Vietnam 6
    Demand Analysis and Tobacco Taxes in Vietnam and Malaysia 9
    ASEAN Free Trade Area and Tobacco: A Regional Summary 12
    Health Costs of Tobacco 14
    Socio-demographic and Psychological Trends of Youth Smoking 17
    Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice: Tobacco Use among Health Professionals, Medical Students and Monks 20
    Analysis of Smoking Behavior in Cambodia 23
    Women and Tobacco: Smoke_]free Homes in Cambodia, Malaysia and Vietnam 26
    Women and Tobacco: Reasons for Use, and Prevention Strategies in Cambodia, Malaysia and Thailand 29
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  13. Fulltext Effects of Virtual Reality training on medical students' learning motivation and competency
    Sattar MU, Palaniappan S, Lokman A, Hassan A, Shah N, Riaz Z
    Pak J Med Sci, 2019;35(3):852-857.
    PMID: 31258607 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.35.3.44
    Objectives: To determine the need of contemporary immersive approaches (Virtual Reality) in teaching and training at medical sector. The main objective of this study was to explore the effects of text, video and immersive technologies learning methodologies for participants' learning in public and private medical colleges and universities of Pakistan.

    Methods: In this quantitative research 87 medical students of 4th year from three public and five private medical colleges and universities participated. A laparoscopy operation was selected in consultation with senior medical consultants for this experiment. The experimental material was arranged in virtual reality, video and text based learning. At completion of each of which, participants completed a questionnaire about learning motivation and learning competency through the different mediums.

    Results: Statistical t-test was selected for the analysis of this study. By comparing the mean values of virtual reality, video, and text based learning methodologies in medical academics; result of virtual reality is at top of others. All performed model are statistically significant (P=0.000) and results can be applied at all population.

    Conclusion: Through this research, we contribute to medical students learning methodologies. In medical studies, both theoretical and practical expertise has a vital role, while repetition of hands-on practice can improve young doctors' professional competency. Virtual reality was found best for medical students in both learning motivation and learning competency. Medical students and educationist may select virtual reality as new learning methodology for curriculum learning.

    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  14. Fulltext Cancer-risk perception among Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) medical students
    Jefferelli SB, Limi L
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2002;2(2):76-80.
    MyJurnal
    We do not know how medical doctors perceive the risk of cancer as a cause of death. Medical doctors provide advice and information on health risks to the general public. How they perceive these risks influences the way they behave towards these risks and the way they will communicate these risks. We would like to ascertain how medical students perceive cancer as a health risk. This will hehv us determine misperceptions among medical students that need to be addressed before they practice medicine. A cross-sectional study was conducted among
    all UPM medical students (2000-2001) using sefadministered questionnaires. A total of 339 (88.3%) students responded to the questionnaires. The internal consistency of items was good (Cronbach Alpha >0,7). Cancer was perceived as the 3rd leading risk of death after motor vehicle accidents (I") and heart diseases/cardiovascular disorders (2"d ). The breast was perceived as the organ with the highest risk of developing cancer. Smoking was perceived to be the leading risk factor for developing cancer. There is a dpjference in risk perception of diseases, cancer target organs and cancer risk factors based on gender and ethnicity. There was moderate to fair correlation ( r = 0.41-0.57) between perception of risks of death, cancer target organs and risks factors of cancer (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  15. Fulltext Is knowledge and awareness of needle stick injury among future healthcare providers sufficient?
    Hamzah FH, Zarith NZ, Nawal Syakirah AW, Najwa Khairiah S, Kylie AE, Ida, Z.Z. ZZ, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2018;3(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Future healthcare providers are facing the threat of needle stick injuries (NSIs) with the consequent risk of acquiring blood borne diseases. A cross sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to September 2017 among 327 students including medical, nursing and paramedic students from Faculty of Medicine UKM. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge and awareness among students during their clinical years. A validated questionnaire was delivered via convenience sampling. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23 software and one sample t-test was used to compare with the standard setting value. The mean age of respondents was 23.32±2.37. The knowledge and awareness were significantly higher in both paramedic (knowledge (10.71 ± 1.64, p<0.001), awareness (5.50 ± 0.86, p<0.001), and nursing (knowledge (9.94 ± 1.38, p<0.001), awareness (5.35 ± 1.07, p<0.001) students as compared to standard setting, respectively. Meanwhile for medical students there was no significant difference in knowledge (9.95 ± 1.39, p=0.589) but significant difference in awareness (5.87 ± 1.03, p<0.001) compared to standard setting. The prevalence of NSIs was 8.3% with majority having at least one incident (85.2%) and main exposure is during medical posting (77.8%) during procedure needle recapping (70.4%) using hollow needle (63%). Incident of NSIs were mostly not reported (74.1%). Despite a significant good result on knowledge and awareness, the incidence of NSIs is alarming. Therefore, preventive steps need to be taken by the university to avoid the occurrence.
    Keyword: Knowledge, Awareness, Students, Needle Stick Injury (NSI), Cross-sectional study
    Study site: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  16. Fulltext If doctors and nurses said vaping is safe ... it is safe… why not! A study on the acceptance of e-cigarettes among future healthcare providers in one of higher learning institutions in East Malaysia. [Abstract]
    Hamidah H, Theresa A, Jennifer D Y, Nurfarina NJ, Siti Aisyah W
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):20.
    MyJurnal
    1st UMS INTERNATIONAL NURSING CONFERENCE IN CONJUNCTION WITH 11TH INTERNATIONAL NURSING STUDENTS’ FORUM. A view into the future of nursing: Nursing Transformation towards IR-4.0
    Held at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. On 6-8th March 2020
    Introduction: Vaping is a use of electronic devices which do not produce smoke or steam, rather an aerosol consisting of fine particles, containing varying amounts of propylene glycol, glycerine, flavourings and other chemicals. It is battery-powered devices that mimic the action of smoking. In Malaysia, vaping has become a major trend. Videos are going viral on social media showing school students in uniform proudly puffing away. The aim of this study was to find out the acceptance of vaping among medical and nursing students.
    Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with multiple stage of sampling technique on population of 624 medical and nursing students. Total samples were 389, by Krejci Morgan (1970) sampling technique. Structured questionnaires by A. Gorukanti (2018) with 15 items consisted of knowledge, attitude and acceptance and attitude and believe as data collection tools.
    Results: Results showed 9% to 10% of respondents are still smoking, they believed e-cigarette is safe and would not affect one’s health, as it is a water-based product trademarked. They also regard e-cigarette a way of quitting or cutting down smoking.
    Conclusion: 10% of respondents consistently believed e-cigarettes is harmless. Although the percentage may look small but the impact on the public is huge. However, 90% strongly agreed e-cigarettes ‘vapour is dan- gerous to babies and kids. What concerns us is the consistent group of the 10%, are students who will become our healthcare providers in the future. Their strong-belief in vaping will influence the future of the public understanding, “If doctors and nurses said vaping is safe ... it is safe… right? why not. which is harmful. However, this study has impelled us not only to look at the strength and the significance outcomes of study and neglecting the trifle ones that may prime to serious healthcare consequences of the future society.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  17. Fulltext A Study on Scalp Hair Health and Hair Care Practices among Malaysian Medical Students
    Nayak BS, Ann CY, Azhar AB, Ling ECS, Yen WH, Aithal PA
    Int J Trichology, 2017 Apr-Jun;9(2):58-62.
    PMID: 28839388 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_76_16
    INTRODUCTION: Scalp care is essential because it determines the health and condition of the hair and prevents the diseases of scalp and hair. The objectives of our study were to correlate race and hair types, to determine the awareness of hair care among Malaysian medical students, and to distinguish the factors that affect the health of hair and scalp.

    METHODOLOGY: It was a cross-sectional study wherein validated questionnaires were given to 240 medical undergraduate students who belonged to three ethnic races of Malaysia, i.e., Chinese, Malay, and Malaysian Indians after their informed consent. The results were then analyzed using percentage statistics.

    RESULTS: Chinese students had comparatively healthier scalp without dandruff. Most Chinese and Indians had silky type of hair while Malay had dry, rough hair. Chinese and Indians colored their hair and used various styling methods; while among the Malays, this percentage was very less. Regarding hair care practices, males used only shampoo and females used shampoo and conditioner for hair wash. Students also faced dietary and examination-related stress.

    CONCLUSION: Results indicate that there exist morphological differences in hair among the studied population. Since most students color their hair and employ various hairstyling methods, they should be educated regarding best hair care practices to improve their scalp hair condition and health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  18. Prevalence and factors associated with internet addiction among medical students - A cross-sectional study in Malaysia
    Ching SM, Hamidin A, Vasudevan R, Sazlyna MS, Wan Aliaa WS, Foo YL, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2017 02;72(1):7-11.
    PMID: 28255133 MyJurnal
    INTRODUCTION: Internet is important to university students, especially for medical students who use it to search for literature and relevant information. However, some of the users are experiencing a gradual loss of the ability to reduce the duration and frequency of their internet activities, despite the negative consequences. The literature on internet usage among Malaysian medical students is limited. This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with internet usage among medical students in a public university in Malaysia.

    METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed among all the medical students (Year 1-5). Students were assessed on their internet activities using the internet addiction questionnaires (IAT). A Multiple Logistic Regression was used for data analysis.

    RESULTS: The study was conducted among 426 students. The study population consisted of 156 males (36.6%) and 270 females (63.4%). The mean age was 21.6 ±1.5 years. Ethnicity distribution among the students was: Malays (55.6%), Chinese (34.7%), Indians (7.3%) and others (2.3%). According to the IAT, 36.9% of the study sample was addicted to the internet. Using the multivariate logistic regression analysis, we have found that the use of internet access for entertainment purposes (odds ratio [OR] 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-12.00), male students (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.01-3.21) and increasing frequency of internet usage were associated with internet addiction (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.09- 1.67).

    CONCLUSION: Internet addiction is a relatively frequent phenomenon among medical students. The predictors of internet addiction were male students using it for surfing and entertainment purposes.

    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  19. Fulltext Extramural training of medical students: lessons from Southeast Asia
    Smilkstein G
    J Fam Pract, 1977 May;4(5):873-6.
    PMID: 864412
    Several medical schools in Southeast Asia have identified deficiencies in their undergraduate medical education that result in inappropriate training of students for the health-care problems that exist in their respective countries. Curriculum changes have been made that take students out of the laboratory and the subspecialty-oriented university hospital and place them in extramural programs in the community. Both the deficiencies identified and the solutions developed merit study by North American medical educators, especially those teaching primary care in family practice.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
  20. Fulltext Pathology crossword competition: an active and easy way of learning pathology in undergraduate medical education
    Htwe TT, Sabaridah I, Rajyaguru KM, Mazidah AM
    Singapore Med J, 2012 Feb;53(2):121-3.
    PMID: 22337187
    INTRODUCTION:
    In line with the trend to engage students in active learning, it is imperative to introduce new strategies that make learning more interesting, especially in undergraduate curricula. This study aimed to determine students' performance and perception in pathology crosswords as an active way of learning and to assess their ability to memorise difficult terms in pathology.

    METHODS:
    A crossword competition in pathology was conducted for two batches (year 2009 and 2010) of Phase 2 medical students in Malaysia. Crossword puzzles were prepared using an online application. Two sets of puzzles were prepared, with 20 questions for the assessment of general pathology and 20 for systemic pathology. The purpose was to compare the students' recent and remote memorising abilities, as general pathology was taught a year before proceeding to systemic pathology teaching. There were 12 groups per batch, with 8-10 students in a group. Survey questionnaires were used to assess the students' perception of the competition. Descriptive analysis was performed for comparison of performance.

    RESULTS:
    The mean score of correctly answered questions in general pathology was 12.75 and 11.50 in batch 2009 and 2010, respectively. The mean score for systemic pathology was 14.50 in 2009 and 13.83 in 2010. Students in the 2009 batch performed better, but this was not statistically significant (p-value > 0.05). A positive response was observed from the questionnaires.

    CONCLUSION:
    Applying crossword puzzles as a new strategy is a useful and easy way for undergraduate medical students to learn pathology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical
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