MyMedR

Association of loss of heterozygosity and PTEN gene abnormalities with paraclinical, clinical modalities and survival time of glioma patients in Malaysia

Abdullah JM, Farizan A, Asmarina K, Zainuddin N, Ghazali MM, Jaafar H, et al.

Asian J Surg, 2006 Oct;29(4):274-82.

PMID: 17098662

The pattern of allelic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and PTEN mutations appear to be associated with the progression of gliomas leading to a decrement in the survival rate of patients. This present study was carried out to determine the LOH and PTEN mutational status in glioma patients and its association with patients' survival.

Solid waste collection and recycling in Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia: a case study

Isa MH, Asaari FA, Ramli NA, Ahmad S, Siew TS

Waste Manag Res, 2005 Dec;23(6):565-70.

PMID: 16379126

The implementation of a suitable solid waste management programme with appropriate methods of recycling as an inherent element is vital to the alleviation of the problems associated with solid waste generation, handling and disposal, environmental conservation, public hygiene, etc. The present work is a case study on solid waste collection and recycling practices in Nibong Tebal town, Penang, Malaysia. The amount and types of domestic waste generated, household participation in recycling, identification of existing problems related to the implementation of the recycling programme, etc. formed the basis of this study. Surveys (interviews/questionnaires) and on-site observations were conducted to gather information on the solid waste collection and recycling practice of the residents. A focus group of 60 individuals was selected and their response to a questionnaire, prepared according to a Likert scale, was obtained and analysed. The majority of the respondents expressed concerns about recycling and wanted more to be done in this regard. Illegal collection, aesthetically displeasing sites and a lack of public awareness were problems of major concern. Issues related to inadequate funding and manpower as well as end market are also addressed and suggestions made.

Gene expression characteristic in human auricular cartilage tissue engineering

Farah Wahida I, Aminuddin BS, Munirah S, Chua KH, Fuzina NH, Isa MR, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:190-1.

PMID: 15468882

This study was to assess collagen type II and collagen type I gene expression in tissue-engineered human auricular: cartilage formed via tissue engineering technique. Large-scale culture expansions were transformed into 3D in vitro construct and were implanted subcutaneously on the dorsal of athymic mice. After 8 weeks, explanted construct was processed in the same manner of native cartilage to facilitate cells for gene expression analysis. Isolated cells from in vivo construct demonstrated expression of type II collagen gene comparable to native cartilage. This study verified that tissue-engineered auricular cartilage expressed cartilage specific gene, collagen type II after in vivo maturation.

Formation of tissue-engineered human auricular cartilage via tissue engineering technique for future use in ear surgery

Saim L, Aminuddin BS, Munirah S, Chua KH, Izuddin Fahmy A, Fuzina NH, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:192-3.

PMID: 15468883

To date there is no optimal approach to reconstruct an external ear. However, advances in tissue engineering technologies have indicated that in vitro autologous elastic cartilage might be of great importance in the future treatment of these patients. The aim of this study was to observe monolayer expansion of auricular cartilage and to evaluate engineered cartilage using standard histochemical study.

Quality evaluation analysis of bioengineered human skin

Mazlyzam AL, Aminuddin BS, Lokman BS, Isa MR, Fuzina H, Fauziah O, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:39-40.

PMID: 15468808

Our objective is to determine the quality of tissue engineered human skin via immunostaining, RT-PCR and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). Culture-expanded human keratinocytes and fibroblasts were used to construct bilayer tissue-engineered skin. The in vitro skin construct was cultured for 5 days and implanted on the dorsum of athymic mice for 30 days. Immunostaining of the in vivo skin construct appeared positive for monoclonal mouse anti-human cytokeratin, anti-human involucrin and anti-human collagen type I. RT-PCR analysis revealed loss of the expression for keratin type 1, 10 and 5 and re-expression of keratin type 14, the marker for basal keratinocytes cells in normal skin. SEM showed fibroblasts proliferating in the 5 days in vitro skin. TEM of the in vivo skin construct showed an active fibrocyte cell secreting dense collagen fibrils. We have successfully constructed bilayer tissue engineered human skin that has similar features to normal human skin.

Tissue engineered human articular neocartilage using serial expanded chondrocytes

Munirah S, Aminuddin BS, Chua KH, Fuzina NH, Isa MR, Ruszymah BH

Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:9-10.

PMID: 15468793

Autologous cells are usually preferred in treating damaged tissue to avoid risks of immunological rejection and transmitting infectious diseases. Since only limited amount of tissue can be obtained without causing morbidity at the donor site, in vitro expansion of isolated cell is essential in order to acquire sufficient number of cells to reconstruct neocartilage. The aim of this study was to examine whether serial expanded chondrocytes can be use to generate neocartilage in vivo.

Impact of applied progressive deep muscle relaxation training on the health related quality of life among prostate cancer patients--a quasi experimental trial

Isa MR, Moy FM, Razack AH, Zainuddin ZM, Zainal NZ

Prev Med, 2013;57 Suppl:S37-40.

PMID: 23454597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.02.011

To determine the impact of applied progressive muscle relaxation training on health related quality of life among prostate cancer patients.

Fulltext Molecular identification of blow flies recovered from human cadavers during crime scene investigations in Malaysia

Kavitha R, Nazni WA, Tan TC, Lee HL, Isa MN, Azirun MS

Malays J Pathol, 2012 Dec;34(2):127-32.

PMID: 23424775 MyJurnal

Forensic entomology applies knowledge about insects associated with decedent in crime scene investigation. It is possible to calculate a minimum postmortem interval (PMI) by determining the age and species of the oldest blow fly larvae feeding on decedent. This study was conducted in Malaysia to identify maggot specimens collected during crime scene investigations. The usefulness of the molecular and morphological approach in species identifications was evaluated in 10 morphologically identified blow fly larvae sampled from 10 different crime scenes in Malaysia. The molecular identification method involved the sequencing of a total length of 2.2 kilo base pairs encompassing the 'barcode' fragments of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI), cytochrome oxidase II (COII) and t-RNA leucine genes. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the presence of Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya rufifacies and Chrysomya nigripes. In addition, one unidentified blow fly species was found based on phylogenetic tree analysis.

A probability distribution of shape for the dental maxillary arch using digital images

Rijal OM, Abdullah NA, Isa ZM, Noor NM, Tawfiq OF

Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2012;2012:5420-3.

PMID: 23367155 DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2012.6347220

Selected landmarks from each of 47 maxillary dental casts were used to define a Cartesian-coordinate system from which the positions of selected teeth were determined on standardized digital images. The position of the i-th tooth was defined by a line of length (l(i)) joining the tooth to the origin, and the angle (θ(i)) of this line to the horizontal Cartesian axis. Four teeth, the central incisor, lateral incisor, canine and first molar were selected and their position were collectively used to represent the shape of the dental arch. A pilot study using clustering and principal component analysis strongly suggest the existence of 3 groups of arch shape. In this study, the homogeneity of the 3 groups was further investigated and confirmed by the Dunn and Davies-Bouldein validity indices. This is followed by an investigation of the probability distribution of these 3 groups. The main result of this study suggests 3 groups of multivariate (MV) normal distribution. The MV normal probability distribution of these groups may be used in further studies to investigate the issues of variation of arch shape, which is fundamental to the practice of prosthodontics and orthodontics.

Immobilisation of Cu, Pb and Zn in Scrap Metal Yard Soil Using Selected Waste Materials

Kamari A, Putra WP, Yusoff SN, Ishak CF, Hashim N, Mohamed A, et al.

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 2015 Dec;95(6):790-5.

PMID: 26395356 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1650-1

Immobilisation of heavy metals in a 30-year old active scrap metal yard soil using three waste materials, namely coconut tree sawdust (CTS), sugarcane bagasse (SB) and eggshell (ES) was investigated. The contaminated soil was amended with amendments at application rates of 0 %, 1 % and 3 % (w/w). The effects of amendments on metal accumulation in water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) and soil metal bioavailability were studied in a pot experiment. All amendments increased biomass yield and reduced metal accumulation in the plant shoots. The bioconcentration factor and translocation factor values of the metals were in the order of Zn > Cu > Pb. The addition of ES, an alternative source of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), has significantly increased soil pH and resulted in marked reduction in soil metal bioavailability. Therefore, CTS, SB and ES are promising low-cost immobilising agents to restore metal contaminated land.

Polyps! Polyps! And More Polyps! - The First Case of Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome in Malaysia

Abdul Rani R, Hussin FR, Hamzaini AH, Isa MR, Raja Ali RA

Med J Malaysia, 2016 02;71(1):37-8.

PMID: 27130745

Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome (CCS) is a syndrome characterised by a constellation of signs including but not limited to onychodystrophy of the finger and toe nails, skin hyperpigmentation and alopecia. Endoscopic features showed hamartomatous polyps involving all segments of the gastrointestinal tract with the characteristic exception of being oesophageal sparring. These polyps show confirmation by the presence of eosinophils and mast cells at the lamina propria upon histological studies.

Urinary incontinence in primigravida: the neglected pregnancy predicament

Abdullah B, Ayub SH, Mohd Zahid AZ, Noorneza AR, Isa MR, Ng PY

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 2016 Mar;198:110-115.

PMID: 26808667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.01.006

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence among primigravida in the third trimester, its risk factors and its effect to quality of life.

STUDY DESIGN: This is a cross sectional study involving primigravida in their third trimester of pregnancy, who attended the Patient Assessment Centre of a tertiary referral hospital in Klang Valley from July 2012 to June 2013. The participants were chosen randomly using convenience sampling. A face-to-face interview and a review of their antenatal record were done by trained interviewers. Data on sociodemographic and risk factors were obtained followed by the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF). The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 20.0.

RESULTS: A total of 306 women were involved. The prevalence of urinary incontinence during third trimester was 34.3% (95%CI: 29.0, 39.7). Stress incontinence (64.8%) is the commonest followed by mixed incontinence (24.8%) and urge incontinence (6.7%). Childhood enuresis (p=0.003) and previous history of urinary incontinence (p<0.001) were significantly associated with urinary incontinence. More than 50 percent of women with urinary incontinence in the third trimester felt that it did not affect their daily activities at all. Only 10% of women felt greatly affected by this problem.

CONCLUSION: Urinary incontinence is not uncommon among primigravida however many women did not feel that it affected their quality of life. Childhood enuresis and history of urinary incontinence were proven risk factors.

Fulltext In vivo efficacy and molecular docking of designed peptide that exhibits potent antipneumococcal activity and synergises in combination with penicillin

Le CF, Yusof MY, Hassan MA, Lee VS, Isa DM, Sekaran SD

Sci Rep, 2015;5:11886.

PMID: 26156658 DOI: 10.1038/srep11886

We have previously designed a series of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and in the current study, the in vivo therapeutic efficacy and toxicity were investigated. Among all the peptides, DM3 conferred protection to a substantial proportion of the lethally infected mice caused by a strain of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Synergism was reported and therapeutic efficacy was significantly enhanced when DM3 was formulated in combination with penicillin (PEN). No toxicity was observed in mice receiving these treatments. The in silico molecular docking study results showed that, DM3 has a strong affinity towards three protein targets; autolysin and pneumococcal surface protein A (pspA). Thus AMPs could serve as supporting therapeutics in combination with conventional antibiotics to enhance treatment outcome.

Clinical and Imaging Features of Lacrimal Gland Involvement in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis

Tan LT, Davagnanam I, Isa H, Rose GE, Verity DH, Pusey CD, et al.

Ophthalmology, 2015 Oct;122(10):2125-9.

PMID: 26233627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.06.026

Lacrimal gland involvement in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) commonly accompanies orbital disease, but occasionally may be the sole presentation preceding any other organ manifestation or systemic disease. Diagnosis of orbital GPA, especially in patients with lacrimal involvement as the initial presentation, can be difficult because of nonspecific clinical features and lack of diagnostic specificity on histologic and antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) testing. Orbital GPA can be associated with a high morbidity from potential visual loss or rapid progression of latent systemic disease, making early diagnosis important. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical and imaging features of patients with lacrimal gland involvement secondary to GPA and to compare them with those of other orbital inflammatory conditions in the lacrimal gland fossa.

Effect of donor strength of extended alkyl auxiliary groups on optoelectronic and charge transport properties of novel naphtha[2,1-b:6,5-b']difuran derivatives: simple yet effective strategy

Chaudhry AR, Ahmed R, Irfan A, Shaari A, Isa AR, Muhammad S, et al.

J Mol Model, 2015 Aug;21(8):199.

PMID: 26177706 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2743-9

The present study spotlights the designing of new derivatives of 2,7-bis (4-octylphenyl) naphtho [2,1-b:6,5-b'] difuran (C8-DPNDF) by substituting the alkyl groups (methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, and heptyl groups) at para position. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) methods are employed to optimize the molecular structures in ground and first excited states, respectively. Several electro-optical properties including hole/electron reorganization energies (λh/λe), electron affinities (EAs), ionization potentials (IPs), molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP), and frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) have been evaluated. Furthermore their transfer integrals and intrinsic mobilities values have also been calculated. From this study, it is found that hole mobility of octyl containing derivative is raised to 4.69 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). Moreover with attaching octyl group, hole transfer integral values have also been enhanced in newly designed derivatives. The balanced hole and electron reorganization energies, and improved transfer integrals lead to enhanced mobility in derivatives with octyl group, highlighting them as an efficient hole transfer material. Unlike the other electro-optical properties, the intrinsic hole mobility has increased because of transfer integral values of octyl containing derivative C8-DPNDF due to the dense and close crystal packing of C8-DPNDF. However, photostability of furan-based materials has not changed by increasing length of extended alkyl chain. Thus our present investigation highlights the importance of alkyl auxiliary groups that are often neglected/replaced with simple methyl group to save computation costs. Graphical Abstract The hole and electron reorganization energies of naphtho[2,1-b:6,5-b']difuran derivatives.

Fulltext Risk factors for retinopathy in diabetes mellitus in Kelantan, Malaysia

Shriwas SR, Rahman Isa AB, Reddy SC, Mohammad M, Mohammad WBW, Mazlan M

Med J Malaysia, 1996 Dec;51(4):447-52.

PMID: 10968032

Few attempts have been made to determine the risk factors for diabetic retinopathy which is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness. One hundred and forty patients of diabetes mellitus were studied to determine the prevalence and types of retinopathy, and its relation to various risk factors. Nearly half (48.6%) of the patients suffered from retinopathy. The significant associated risk factors were long duration of diabetes, proteinuria and elevated serum creatinine level. However, there was no significant association between the prevalence of retinopathy and high levels of serum cholesterol, C-peptide levels, associated hypertension, and glycaemic control of diabetes mellitus. An effective screening programme for detection of retinopathy in the patients of diabetes as a regular practice is encouraged.
Study site: Diabetic clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia

Fulltext A report of the first three cases of diffuse panbronchiolitis in Malaysia

Zainudin BM, Roslina AM, Fadilah SA, Samad SA, Sufarlan AW, Isa MR

Med J Malaysia, 1996 Mar;51(1):136-40.

PMID: 10967994

Three cases of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) occurring in two Malaysian Chinese patients and one Malay patient are reported. They had similar clinical, radiological and physiological features which are characteristic of DPB. The diagnosis in one of the cases was confirmed histologically by transbronchial lung biopsy. These could be the first three cases identified in Malaysia.

Campylobacter pylori, non-ulcer dyspepsia, and race in Malaysia

Nafeeza MI, Shahimi MM, Kudva MV, Mazlam MZ, Isa MR

Lancet, 1989 May 6;1(8645):1018.

PMID: 2565493 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)92660-3

Association of p53 tumor suppressor gene with paraclinical and clinical modalities of gliomas patients in Malaysia

Yusoff AA, Abdullah J, Abdullah MR, Mohd Ariff AR, Isa MN

Acta Neurochir (Wien), 2004 Jun;146(6):595-601.

PMID: 15168228

Alteration of the tumor suppressor gene p53 is considered to be a critical step in the development of human cancer. Changes in this gene have been detected in a wide range of human tumours, including gliomas. In glioma, the presence of p53 gene alterations has been associated with worse prognosis.

Fulltext Establishment of CTPA Local Diagnostic Reference Levels with Noise Magnitude as a Quality Indicator in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Harun HH, Abdul Karim MK, Abd Rahman MA, Abdul Razak HR, Che Isa IN, Harun F

Diagnostics (Basel), 2020 Sep 09;10(9).

PMID: 32916913 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090680

This study aimed to establish the local diagnostic reference levels (LDRLs) of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) examinations based on body size with regard to noise magnitude as a quality indicator. The records of 127 patients (55 males and 72 females) who had undergone CTPAs using a 128-slice CT scanner were retrieved. The dose information, scanning acquisition parameters, and patient demographics were recorded in standardized forms. The body size of patients was categorized into three groups based on their anteroposterior body length: P1 (14-19 cm), P2 (19-24 cm), and P3 (24-31 cm), and the radiation dose exposure was statistically compared. The image noise was determined quantitatively by measuring the standard deviation of the region of interest (ROI) at five different arteries-the ascending and descending aorta, pulmonary trunk, and the left and right main pulmonary arteries. We observed that the LDRL values were significantly different between body sizes (p < 0.05), and the median values of the CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) for P1, P2, and P3 were 6.13, 8.3, and 21.40 mGy, respectively. It was noted that the noise reference values were 23.78, 24.26, and 23.97 HU for P1, P2, and P3, respectively, which were not significantly different from each other (p > 0.05). The CTDIvol of 9 mGy and dose length product (DLP) of 329 mGy∙cm in this study were lower than those reported by other studies conducted elsewhere. This study successfully established the LDRLs of a local healthcare institution with the inclusion of the noise magnitude, which is comparable with other established references.

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