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Fulltext Polyurethane Application to Transform Screen-Printed Electrode for Rapid Identification of Histamine Isolated from Fish

Munir MA, Jamal JA, Said MM, Ibrahim S, Ahmad MS

Scientifica (Cairo), 2023;2023:5444256.
PMID: 37051152 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5444256

The toxicity of histamine has attracted numerous researchers to develop a method for histamine determination purposes. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) unequivocally prohibits the consumption of histamine above 50 mg·kg-1. Thus, an innovation in histamine detection in fish has been developed in this research. The investigation of the histamine level in fish has been conducted by using an electrochemical sensor approach and producing a polymer via molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) on a screen-printed electrode. The technique was validated by assessing the shifts in electron shifting using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) approach and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), whereas differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was applied to validate the sensor method. The instruments showed a linear response ranging from 1-1000 nmol·L-1, with a detection limit of MIP/SPE at 1.765 nmol·L-1 and 709 nmol·L-1 for the NIP/SPE, respectively. The sensing technique was employed to determine the histamine level in selected samples at room temperature (25°C). The outcomes of this study indicated that the validated chemical sensor allowed accurate and precise detection of fish samples and can be categorized as a simple approach. The instrument is inexpensive and suitable for on-site detection.
Fulltext Plant-Based Biosynthesis of Copper/Copper Oxide Nanoparticles: An Update on Their Applications in Biomedicine, Mechanisms, and Toxicity

Letchumanan D, Sok SPM, Ibrahim S, Nagoor NH, Arshad NM

Biomolecules, 2021 04 12;11(4).
PMID: 33921379 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040564

Plants are rich in phytoconstituent biomolecules that served as a good source of medicine. More recently, they have been employed in synthesizing metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) due to their capping and reducing properties. This green synthesis approach is environmentally friendly and allows the production of the desired NPs in different sizes and shapes by manipulating parameters during the synthesis process. The most commonly used metals and oxides are gold (Au), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). Among these, Cu is a relatively low-cost metal that is more cost-effective than Au and Ag. In this review, we present an overview and current update of plant-mediated Cu/copper oxide (CuO) NPs, including their synthesis, medicinal applications, and mechanisms. Furthermore, the toxic effects of these NPs and their efficacy compared to commercial NPs are reviewed. This review provides an insight into the potential of developing plant-based Cu/CuO NPs as a therapeutic agent for various diseases in the future.
Fulltext Phylogenetically Diverse Escherichia coli Strains from Chicken Coharbor Multiple Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes (bla NDM -bla OXA-blaIMP)

Aklilu E, Harun A, Singh KKB, Ibrahim S, Kamaruzzaman NF

Biomed Res Int, 2021;2021:5596502.
PMID: 34660793 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5596502

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has been a public health risk in several countries, and recent reports indicate the emergence of CRE in food animals. This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence, resistance patterns, and phylogenetic diversity of carbapenem-resistant E. coli (CREC) from chicken. Routine bacteriology, PCR detection of E. coli species, multiplex PCR to detect carbapenemase-encoding genes, and phylogeny of CRE E. coli were conducted. The results show that 24.36% (19/78) were identified as CREC based on the phenotypic identifications of which 17 were positive for the tested carbapenemases genes. The majority, 57.99% (11/19), of the isolates harbored multiple carbapenemase genes. Four isolates harbored all bla NDM, bla OXA, and bla IMP, and five and two different isolates harbored bla NDM and bla OXA and bla OXA and bla IMP, respectively. The meropenem, imipenem, and ertapenem MIC values for the isolates ranged from 2 μg/mL to ≥256 μg/mL. Phylogenetic grouping showed that the CREC isolates belonged to five different groups: groups A, B1, C, D, and unknown. The detection of CREC in this study shows that it has become an emerging problem in farm animals, particularly, in poultry farms. This also implies the potential public health risks posed by CRE from chicken to the consumers.
Photon irradiation response of photonic crystal fibres and flat fibres at radiation therapy doses

Hashim S, Ibrahim SA, Che Omar SS, Alajerami YS, Saripan MI, Noor NM, et al.

Appl Radiat Isot, 2014 Aug;90:258-60.
PMID: 24858954 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.04.016

Radiation effects of photon irradiation in pure Photonic Crystal Fibres (PCF) and Flat fibres (FF) are still much less investigated in thermoluminescense dosimetry (TLD). We have reported the TL response of PCF and FF subjected to 6 MV photon irradiation. The proposed dosimeter shows good linearity at doses ranging from 1 to 4 Gy. The small size of these detectors points to its use as a dosimeter at megavoltage energies, where better tissue-equivalence and the Bragg-Gray cavity theory prevails.
Fulltext Perceived physical activity barriers related to body weight status and sociodemographic factors among Malaysian men in Klang Valley

Ibrahim S, Karim NA, Oon NL, Ngah WZ

BMC Public Health, 2013;13:275.
PMID: 23530696 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-275

Physical inactivity has been acknowledged as a public health issue and has received increasing attention in recent years. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the barriers to physical activity among Malaysian men. These barriers were analyzed with regards to sociodemographic factors, physical activity level, BMI and waist circumference.
Fulltext Palladium nanoparticles anchored to anatase TiO2 for enhanced surface plasmon resonance-stimulated, visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity

Leong KH, Chu HY, Ibrahim S, Saravanan P

Beilstein J Nanotechnol, 2015;6:428-37.
PMID: 25821683 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.43

Freely assembled palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) on titania (TiO2) nano photocatalysts were successfully synthesized through a photodeposition method using natural sunlight. This synthesized heterogeneous photocatalyst (Pd/TiO2) was characterized through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-DRS), Raman and photoluminescence (PL) analyses. The simple and smart synthesis anchored well the deposition with controlled Pd NPs size ranging between 17 and 29 nm onto the surface of TiO2. Thus, it gives the characteristic for Pd NPs to absorb light in the visible region obtained through localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPRs). Apparently, the photocatalytic activity of the prepared photocatalysts was evaluated by degrading the endocrine disrupting compound (EDC) amoxicillin (AMX) excited under an artificial visible light source. In the preliminary run, almost complete degradation (97.5%) was achieved in 5 h with 0.5 wt % Pd loading and the degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The reusability trend proved the photostability of the prepared photocatalysts. Hence, the study provides a new insight about the modification of TiO2 with noble metals in order to enhance the absorption in the visible-light region for superior photocatalytic performance.
Fulltext Paediatric Femur Fractures: A Plea for Minimally Invasive Surgery to Prevent Osteomyelitis

Mansor N, Abdul-Rashid AH, Ibrahim S

Malays Orthop J, 2018 Jul;12(2):73-74.
PMID: 30112136 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1807.014
Fulltext Outcome of Endoprosthesis used in Limb Salvage Surgery in a Malaysian Orthopaedic Oncology Centre

Ng YH, Chai YC, Mazli N, Jaafar NF, Ibrahim S

Malays Orthop J, 2024 Mar;18(1):60-65.
PMID: 38638655 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2403.008

INTRODUCTION: To describe the duration of survival among bone tumour patients with endoprosthesis reconstruction and to determine frequency of implant failure, revision of surgery, and amputation after endoprosthesis reconstruction.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional review of all patients with either primary bone tumour or secondary bone metastases treated with en bloc resection and endoprosthesis reconstruction from January 2008 to December 2020.
RESULTS: A total of 35 failures were recorded among the 27 (48.2%) patients with endoprostheses. Some of the patients suffered from one to three types of modes of failure on different timelines during the course of the disease. Up to eight patients suffered from more than one type of failure throughout the course of the disease. Out of all modes of failure, local recurrence (type 5 failure) was the most common, accounting for 25.0% of all failure cases. Four patients (7.1%) eventually underwent amputation, which were either due to infection (2 patients) or disease progression causing local recurrence (2 patients).
CONCLUSION: The overall result of endoprosthesis reconstruction performed in our centre was compatible with other centres around the world. Moreover, limb salvage surgery should be performed carefully in a selected patient group to maximise the benefits of surgery.
Fulltext Osteosarcoma in a sixteen-month old boy

Ibrahim S, Sundari MN, Masir N

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Jun;54(2):261-3.
PMID: 10972039

We report a case of a sixteen-month old boy with osteosarcoma of the left humerus. To the best of our knowledge this is the youngest case reported in Malaysia. This case illustrates that osteosarcoma although rare does occur in a very young child. The child died six weeks after presentation due to disseminated disease.
Fulltext Osteopoikilosis--a case report

Pan KL, Ibrahim S

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Sep;55 Suppl C:107-8.
PMID: 11200037

Osteopoikilosis is a rare, inheritable, sclerosing bone dysplasia; sometimes mistaken for osteoblastic bone metastases. We report a case in a 25 year-old lady.
Optimizing neural network algorithms for submerged membrane bioreactor: A comparative study of OVAT and RSM hyperparameter optimization techniques

Ibrahim S, Abdul Wahab N

Water Sci Technol, 2024 Apr;89(7):1701-1724.
PMID: 38619898 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.099

Hyperparameter tuning is an important process to maximize the performance of any neural network model. This present study proposed the factorial design of experiment for screening and response surface methodology to optimize the hyperparameter of two artificial neural network algorithms. Feed-forward neural network (FFNN) and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) are applied to predict the permeate flux of palm oil mill effluent. Permeate pump and transmembrane pressure of the submerge membrane bioreactor system are the input variables. Six hyperparameters of the FFNN model including four numerical factors (neuron numbers, learning rate, momentum, and epoch numbers) and two categorical factors (training and activation function) are used in hyperparameter optimization. RBFNN includes two numerical factors such as a number of neurons and spreads. The conventional method (one-variable-at-a-time) is compared in terms of optimization processing time and the accuracy of the model. The result indicates that the optimal hyperparameters obtained by the proposed approach produce good accuracy with a smaller generalization error. The simulation results show an improvement of more than 65% of training performance, with less repetition and processing time. This proposed methodology can be utilized for any type of neural network application to find the optimum levels of different parameters.
Oilseed meals into foods: an approach for the valorization of oilseed by-products

Nevara GA, Giwa Ibrahim S, Syed Muhammad SK, Zawawi N, Mustapha NA, Karim R

Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2023;63(23):6330-6343.
PMID: 35089825 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2031092

The excellent health benefits of oil extracted from seeds have increased its application in foods, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This trend leads to a growing research area on their by-products, oilseed meals, to minimize environmental and economic issues. Examples of these by-products are soybean, peanut, kenaf seed, hemp, sesame, and chia seed meals. It is well known that soybean meals have wide applications in food and non-food industries, while other seed meals are not well established. Most oilseed meals are rich in health beneficial compounds and are potential sources of plant protein, dietary fiber, and antioxidants. Many studies have reported on the valorization of these by-products into value-added food products such as bakery and meat products to increase their nutritional and functional properties. These efforts contribute to the sustainability, development of novel functional food and support the zero-waste concept for the environment. This review aims to provide information on the composition of selected oilseed meals from soybean, peanut, hemp, kenaf, sesame and chia seeds, their potential applications in the bakery, meat, beverage, pasta, and other food products, and to highlight the issues and challenges associated with the utilization of oilseed meals into various food products.
Fulltext Nonisocyanate Poly(Hydroxyl Urethane)-Based Green Polymer Hybrid Coating Systems: Tailoring of Biomacromolecular Compound Architecture Using APTMS-ZnO/TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanoparticles

Haniffa MACM, Illias HA, Chee CY, Ibrahim S, Sandu V, Chuah CH

ACS Omega, 2020 May 12;5(18):10315-10326.
PMID: 32426588 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04388

Hybrid bionanocomposite coating systems (HBCSs) are green polymer materials consisting of an interface between a coating matrix and nanoparticles. The coating matrix was prepared by using a nonisocyanate poly(hydroxyl urethane) (NIPHU) prepolymer crosslinked via 1,3-diaminopropane and epoxidized Jatropha curcas oil. TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanoparticles (TARC) were prepared from microcrystalline cellulose, and (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS)-coated ZnO nanoparticles (APTMS-ZnO) and their suspensions were synthesized separately. The suspensions at different weight ratios were incorporated into the coating matrix to prepare a series of HBCSs. FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, XRD, SEM, and TEM were used to confirm the chemical structures, morphology, and elements of the coating matrix, nanomaterials, and HBCSs. The thermomechanical properties of the HBCSs were investigated by TGA-DTG and pencil hardness analyses. The UV and IR absorption spectra of the HBCSs were obtained using UV-vis spectroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. The HBCSs exhibited good thermal stability at about 200 °C. The degradation temperature at 5% mass loss of all samples was over around 280 °C. The HBCSs exhibited excellent UV block and IR active properties with a stoichiometric ratio of the NIPHU prepolymer and EJCO of 1:1 (wt/wt) containing 5 wt % TARC and 15 wt % APTMS-ZnO nanoparticles. It was observed that the sample with 5 wt % TARC and 15 wt % APTMS-ZnO (HBCS-2) exhibited a uniform crosslinking and reinforcement network with a T onset of 282 °C. This sample has successfully achieved good coating hardness and excellent UV and IR absorption.
Nerve injuries in supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children: is nerve exploration indicated?

Khademolhosseini M, Abd Rashid AH, Ibrahim S

J Pediatr Orthop B, 2013 Mar;22(2):123-6.
PMID: 23222035 DOI: 10.1097/BPB.0b013e32835b2e14

A retrospective study of nerve injuries with displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children younger than 12 years of age, treated in Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Our objectives were to determine the incidence of primary and iatrogenic nerve injuries in supracondylar humerus fractures Gartland types II and III and to determine the outcome of nerve recovery. A total of 272 patients with displaced supracondylar humerus fractures who required admission to Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia from January 2000 to December 2007 were reviewed. There were 182 boys (67%) and 90 girls (33%). The mean age was 6.0 years, ranging from 1 to 12 years. Of 272 supracondylar fractures, 79 were type II and 193 were type III. Fifty-one (19%) patients had closed reduction, 160 (59%) had closed reduction and percutaneous crossed Kirschner (K) wires, and 61 (22%) had open reduction and crossed K-wires. Associated nerve injuries involving the median, radial, and ulnar nerves were observed in 48 (18%) patients. Nerve injuries were observed in nine (3%) patients upon admission. Thirty-nine (14%) patients developed nerve injuries following treatment. Of these 39 patients, 34 had ulnar, three had radial, and two had median nerve injuries. Nerve exploration was performed in five patients (in four patients following debridement of open fracture and in one because of unacceptable postoperative radiographs, and they subsequently underwent open reduction and exploration). Except for these five patients, the K-wires were not removed earlier nor were the nerves surgically explored in others. The nerve injuries resolved clinically on an average time of 3.5 months (range from 3 weeks to 8 months). Our study found complete resolution of all patients with nerve injuries confirmed by clinical assessment. On the basis of our study, we believe that there is no indication to remove the K-wires immediately or to explore the nerve surgically following a mini-open technique, which reduces the risk of penetrating a nerve during pinning.
Fulltext Natural history of asymptomatic gallstones: differential behaviour in male and female subjects

Sood S, Winn T, Ibrahim S, Gobindram A, Arumugam AA, Razali NC, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2015 Dec;70(6):341-5.
PMID: 26988206 MyJurnal

OBJECTIVE: The natural history of asymptomatic (silent) gallstones has been inadequately studied. Existing information derives from studies based on oral cholecystography or relatively small sample sizes. We planned a retrospective cohort study in subjects with gallstones to determine conversion rates from asymptomatic to symptomatic.
METHODS: We extracted data from computerised databases of one government hospital and two private clinics in Malaysia. Files were scrutinised to ensure that criteria for asymptomatic gallstones were fulfilled. Patients were called on telephone, further questioned to confirm that the gallstones at detection were truly asymptomatic, and asked about symptoms that were consistent with previously defined criteria for biliary colic. Appropriate ethical clearances were taken.
RESULTS: 213 (112 males) patients fulfilled the criteria for asymptomatic gallstones and could be contacted. 23 (10.8%) developed pain after an average follow up interval of 4.02 years (range 0.1-11 years). Conversion rates from asymptomatic to symptomatic gallstones were high in the first two years of follow up, averaging 4.03±0.965 per year. Over time the conversion rates slowed, and by year 10 the annual conversion rate averaged only 1.38±0.29. Conversion rates were much higher for females compared to males (F:M hazard ratio 3.23, SE 1.54, p>z 0.014). The lifetime risks for conversion approached 6.15% for males, and 22.1% for females.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, asymptomatic gallstones are much more likely to convert to symptomatic in females than in males. Males in whom asymptomatic stones are discovered should be advised conservative treatment. Surgery may be preferable to conservative management if the subject is a young female.
m radiology records of Hospital
Study site: Computerised database, Hospital Selayang, Selangor; private clinics, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Fulltext NOMID: the radiographic and MRI features and review of literature

Zaki FM, Sridharan R, Pei TS, Ibrahim S, Ping TS

J Radiol Case Rep, 2012 Mar;6(3):1-8.
PMID: 22690285 DOI: 10.3941/jrcr.v6i3.745

Neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID) is a rare autoinflammatory disorder, which manifests early in infancy. We describe a case of a 10-year-old boy who has been unwell since infancy. He presented with urticarial rash, intermittent fever and hepatosplenomegaly followed by progressive arthropathy. His joint symptoms started at two years of age, which progressively involved multiple joints, resulting in bone and joint deformities. A series of joint radiographs demonstrated bizarre enlarging physeal mass with heterogenous calcification. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the involved right ankle and knee showed characteristic thickened and calcified physeal lesions, which enhanced post-gadolinium. This debilitating disease is also known to involve the central nervous system and eyes. This case report aims to highlight the conventional radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of this physeal abnormality in NOMID syndrome.
Fulltext N95 respirator associated pressure ulcer amongst COVID-19 health care workers

Lam UN, Md Mydin Siddik NSF, Mohd Yussof SJ, Ibrahim S

Int Wound J, 2020 Oct;17(5):1525-1527.
PMID: 32397010 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13398
Multivariate analysis for source identification of pollution in sediment of Linggi River, Malaysia

Elias MS, Ibrahim S, Samuding K, Rahman SA, Wo YM, Daung JAD

Environ Monit Assess, 2018 Mar 29;190(4):257.
PMID: 29600468 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6632-4

Rapid socioeconomic development in the Linggi River Basin has contributed to the significant increase of pollution discharge into the Linggi River and its adjacent coastal areas. The toxic element contents and distributions in the sediment samples collected along the Linggi River were determined using neutron activation analysis (NAA) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques. The measured mean concentration of As, Cd, Pb, Sb, U, Th and Zn is relatively higher compared to the continental crust value of the respective element. Most of the elements (As, Cr, Fe, Pb, Sb and Zn) exceeded the freshwater sediment quality guideline-threshold effect concentration (FSQG-TEC) value. Downstream stations of the Linggi River showed that As concentrations in sediment exceeded the freshwater sediment quality guideline-probable effect concentration (FSQG-PEC) value. This indicates that the concentration of As will give an adverse effect to the growth of sediment-dwelling organisms. Generally, the Linggi River sediment can be categorised as unpolluted to strongly polluted and unpolluted to strongly to extremely polluted. The correlation matrix of metal-metal relationship, principle component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) indicates that the pollution sources of Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb in sediments of the Linggi River originated from the industry of electronics and electroplating. Elements of As, Cr, Sb and Fe mainly originated from motor-vehicle workshops and metal work, whilst U and Th originated from natural processes such as terrestrial runoff and land erosion.
Missed proximal radioulnar joint translocation with ulnar nerve entrapment: an unusual injury in a child

Najid H, Abdul Rashid AH, Ibrahim S

J Pediatr Orthop B, 2019 Jan;28(1):79-84.
PMID: 30252793 DOI: 10.1097/BPB.0000000000000556

Traumatic elbow dislocation in a child is rare, and it is usually associated with fractures. Simultaneous proximal radioulnar joint (PRUJ) translocation with ulnar nerve palsy is even rarer. We report an unusual case of a missed PRUJ translocation with ulnar nerve entrapment in a 10-year-old child. The key to diagnosing the translocation is the position of the proximal radius, which lies medial to the ulna. This was treated by open reduction and release of the entrapped nerve. The ulnar nerve palsy recovered fully at the 1-year follow-up. Although PRUJ translocation with ulnar nerve entrapment is a rare injury, a successful outcome is possible with timely open reduction and release of the ulnar nerve.
Mesoporous silica from batik sludge impregnated with aluminum hydroxide for the removal of bisphenol A and ibuprofen

Choong CE, Ibrahim S, Basirun WJ

J Colloid Interface Sci, 2019 Apr 01;541:12-17.
PMID: 30682589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.071

The present study reports the removal of Bisphenol A (BPA) and Ibuprofen (IBP) using adsorbents prepared from batik sludge. The calcite sludge-aluminum hydroxide (CAl) adsorbent was prepared by calcination and followed by aluminum hydroxide impregnation. The batik sludge and prepared adsorbents were characterized by FESEM, TGA, XRD, FTIR and BET techniques. The maximum adsorption capacity, adsorption time, different initial solution pH, ionic strength and regeneration study of the adsorbents were also investigated. Furthermore, the sorption behavior of the pollutants were studied by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The deposition of Al(OH)3 enhanced the BPA and IBP adsorption capacity on the CAl surface. The maximum removal capacity of BPA and Ibuprofen were 83.53 mg g-1 and 34.96 mg g-1 for the CAl adsorbent. In addition, the kinetic data for BPA and IBP were fitted to the pseudo first order, pseudo second order, Elovich, parabolic diffusion and power function equations to understand the sorption behavior. The adsorption behavior of BPA and IBP was mainly chemisorption. This study shows that CAl is a promising adsorbent for the removal of BPA and IBP.

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